JP2006305646A - Machining chips and machining fluid discharge device for machine tool - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To prevent contamination, condensation, or rusting due to evaporation and transpiration of machining fluid in a discharge device for machining chips and machining fluid from a machine tool. <P>SOLUTION: The machine tool 31 having a machining part 32 that can be sealed, and a chute 35 to discharge machining fluid 10 and machining chips 11 at a lower part, and a separation device 1 of which inflow port 3 is positioned under an outlet 35a of the chute are provided. A fluid receptacle 17 is provided on the separation device, and an opening part of the fluid receptacle is shared by an inflow port and an opening, without other openings. The outlet of the chute and the inflow port are connected to each other by a duct 40. The separation device is composed of a screw conveyor. On the screw conveyor, a cylindrical main body 2 disposed to be roughly horizontal, having an inflow port, a bent guide part 4 at a tip of the main body, and a discharge pipe 5 diagonally raised upward are provided. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a machining waste and machining fluid discharge device for a machine tool that separates and discharges machining fluid and machining waste, such as cutting, grinding, and polishing, discharged from a machining portion of a machine tool.

  Conventionally, cutting waste and cutting fluid are discharged when cutting is performed using a cutting fluid by a machine tool. Various belt conveyors and screw conveyors are used as one of means for separating the cutting waste and the cutting fluid. In general, an inlet of a conveyor configured to store machining fluid is disposed directly below a chute outlet via a machining portion or a chute of a machine tool, and cutting waste and cutting fluid are dropped from the machining portion. The conveyor mechanically transports the fallen cutting waste and collects the stored cutting fluid left on the conveyor with a pump or the like. For example, the thing of patent document 1 arrange | positions the screw conveyor with which the box-shaped upper part opened under the process part of a lathe, and pushes it into the discharge pipe which stands | starts up diagonally, conveying cutting waste with a screw, and discharges cutting waste. . Moreover, the thing of the patent document 2 has arrange | positioned the chip conveyor below the process part. This is not specifically disclosed about the use of cutting fluid.

  Moreover, in patent document 3, the lower part of a band saw machine is enclosed with a cover, the exit of a screw conveyor is extended from a cover, and the screw conveyor is arrange | positioned diagonally in a cover so that it may become upper. On the other hand, an outflow hole (liquid discharge port) for discharging the cutting oil is provided below the screw conveyor and on the opposite exit side. As a result, the mixture of cutting oil and cutting waste discharged from the band saw machine is dropped from the top of the screw conveyor through the chute, the cutting waste is pushed out from the outlet by the screw, and the cutting oil is stored below the screw conveyor main body. Cutting oil and cutting waste are separated by discharging from the outlet.

  The outflow hole is provided on the upper side of the anti-discharge port of the screw conveyor case (main body). When the oil level of the stored cutting oil rises, the outflow hole (discharge port) leads to the cutting oil and the cutting oil surface. The floated fine cutting waste is allowed to flow out and is stored in a storage container (liquid receiver) provided below the outflow hole. A filter is provided between the outflow hole and the storage container, and further, fine cutting waste and cutting oil are separated. The relatively large cutting waste that does not float is moved by the screw and discharged out of the machine from the outlet. Further, a discharge guide member (shielding plate) is provided at the upper part of the outflow hole so that cutting waste and cutting oil falling from above do not directly flow out of the outflow hole. In addition, the storage container in the cover is provided integrally with the cover to facilitate attachment / detachment of the storage container.

  Moreover, since the thing of patent document 3 arrange | positions a screw conveyor diagonally, since the length of an outflow hole is short and cutting oil accumulates in a short time, isolation | separation of cutting oil and cutting waste is inadequate. Therefore, for example, in Patent Document 4 and the like, clogging is prevented by using a brush, but this is provided with a screw part arranged almost horizontally, and provided with a discharge pipe that rises obliquely upward at the tip of the screw conveyor, While extending the separation time, the cutting waste is compressed to promote the separation of the cutting oil.

On the other hand, in order to improve environmental pollution in factories in recent years, when working with cutting fluid (similar to grinding fluid, polishing fluid, etc., hereinafter referred to as machining fluid), machining fluid and further cutting waste (grinding) The same applies to scraps, polishing scraps, etc. In order to prevent scattering, leakage, and transpiration (hereinafter referred to as processing scraps), it is well known to surround a part around the processing portion or the entire machine tool with a cover.
Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 62-174846 Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 61-32903 Japanese Utility Model Publication No.59-14103 JP-A-2-56314

  However, in the above-mentioned Patent Documents 1 and 2, the use of the machining fluid is not disclosed, but when the machining fluid is used, there is no cover for the machining portion, and there is no cover for the screw conveyor. Because of this, it is inevitable that the scraps and transpiration of processing waste and processing liquid will be avoided. Moreover, the thing of patent document 4 does not have a cover etc., and scattering and transpiration | evaporation of a processing liquid are inevitable. Moreover, although the thing of patent document 3 arrange | positions a screw conveyor in the lower part and contains separation apparatuses, such as a screw conveyor, and covers the lower part with the cover, since the process part is open | released, the process liquid of a lower part is also a process part. Evaporate or evaporate out of the machine. Therefore, if the upper part of the machine, that is, the processing part is covered with a cover, it is possible to prevent the processing liquid from being scattered or evaporated to the outside.

  However, in the case of Patent Document 3, in addition to the screw conveyor main body and the storage container, many devices and parts such as a tank are housed in the cover, and conversely, the inside of the cover is contaminated by evaporation of the cutting fluid. There was a problem. In particular, in the case of water-soluble cutting fluid, there is a problem that it easily evaporates, causing condensation in a short time and rusting the tank and equipment in the cover. In addition, there is a problem that the cover becomes large.

  In view of the above-mentioned problems, the object of the present invention is to eliminate contamination, condensation, and rusting due to evaporation, evaporation of machining fluid such as cutting, grinding, and polishing fluid in a machine tool waste and machining fluid discharge device. Is to prevent. Moreover, it is to make it as small as possible.

  In the present invention, except for the lower part of the processing part, at least the processing part can be sealed to prevent scattering, leakage, and transpiration of the processing liquid and processing waste to the outside of the processing part. A machine tool having a chute for discharging machining fluid and machining waste, a separation device for separating the machining fluid and machining waste arranged so that a corresponding inlet is located under the chute outlet, and provided in the separation device. A liquid receptacle for storing the processed liquid, and the opening of the liquid receptacle shares the opening with the inlet without any other opening, and the chute outlet and the inlet are connected by a duct. The above-mentioned problems have been solved by providing an apparatus for discharging machining scraps and machining fluid of machine tools.

  That is, since the opening of the liquid receiver (liquid level) of the separator is shared with the inlet without any other openings, transpiration due to evaporation of the processing liquid in the separator is limited to the inlet. The Furthermore, since the processing part is covered and the processing part, the chute, and the liquid level causing the transpiration of the separation device are connected by a duct, scattering, evaporation, and transpiration of the processing liquid to the outside are suppressed. In addition, the separation device is not simply covered with a cover as in Patent Document 3, but the inlet and chute are connected by a duct, so that scattering, evaporation, and transpiration to related equipment, tanks, covers, etc. are also suppressed. is doing. The duct has a box, cylinder, tube, bellows, etc. with a cross section of a square, a circle, etc. to prevent scattering of the processing liquid to the outside, and at least evaporative substances etc. cannot escape to the outside. What is necessary is just to make the sealing structure of a grade.

  Further, as a separation device, it is preferable that the processing waste and the processing liquid are easily separated as much as possible. Therefore, in the invention described in claim 2, the separation device is a screw conveyor. Furthermore, in the invention according to claim 3, the screw conveyor is disposed substantially horizontally so that the tip thereof is inclined at 0 to 5 °, and protrudes upward, and has a cylindrical main body having an inflow port extending in the longitudinal direction; A screw conveyor having a discharge pipe connected to the front end of the main body via a bending guide and rising obliquely upward. This facilitates separation of the working fluid by intermittent operation and compression by the discharge pipe, collects the working fluid as much as possible, and concentrates and stores the working fluid in the liquid receiver at the bottom of the separating device as much as possible. Prevent transpiration.

  In the present invention, the liquid receiving opening and the inlet of the separation device are shared, and the processing unit, chute, and separation device are connected by a duct, and the processing unit is covered with a cover, and the outside. As the processing liquid is prevented from splashing, evaporating, and transpiration, the range of transpiration of the processing liquid is minimized, and transpiration to the outside is limited only when the door of the processing part is opened, and contamination of the external environment. Was to prevent. Further, contamination, dew condensation and rusting are only in the duct and in the separation device in addition to the processed part, and there is little influence on the equipment and other devices, maintenance is easy, and a long life can be achieved. Also, the duct and the like can be made small. Furthermore, since evaporation and scattering can be prevented from the machine tool, contamination in the factory where the machine tool is installed can be prevented.

  Further, by using a screw conveyor as a separation device, leakage to the outside due to adhesion of the processing liquid to the processing waste is reduced, and the evaporation of the processing liquid is prevented, so that external contamination is reduced. Also, the recovery rate of the machining fluid is good (claim 2). Furthermore, in invention of Claim 3, the screw conveyor which has an inflow port, a bending guide part, and the discharge pipe which stands | starts up diagonally upward is arrange | positioned substantially horizontally, and it is intermittent operation | movement or compression by a discharge pipe WHEREIN: Separation and recovery are promoted, concentrated and stored in the liquid receiver, and transpiration to the outside is prevented, so that there is little contamination in the factory and post-processing is easy.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a front view showing an apparatus for discharging machining scraps and machining fluid of a machine tool showing an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1, the machine tool and machining fluid discharge device 30 of the machine tool of the present invention includes a machine tool 31, a separation device (screw conveyor) 1, and a duct 40. The machine tool 31 is, for example, an NC machine tool. An NC machine tool processes a workpiece by controlling a workpiece chuck that rotates and holds a workpiece and a workpiece spindle that moves and rotates a workpiece machining tool in accordance with an NC program. In processing, processing is performed while supplying a processing fluid such as coolant in order to ensure processing performance or to efficiently remove processing waste. The NC machine tool 31 is covered with a cover 33 in order to prevent scattering of the machining fluid 10 and the machining waste 11 in the machining section 32 in addition to reasons such as design and handling. Further, a door 34 is provided for loading and unloading the workpiece into and from the processing unit. In addition, a chute 35 is provided below the processing portion 32 in order to discharge processing waste and processing liquid to the outside.

  The above-described screw conveyor 1 is provided below the chute so that the upper opening 3 of the screw conveyor and the outlet 35a of the chute 35 are substantially coincident with each other. The discharge pipe 5 of the screw conveyor is extended to the side of the NC machine tool 31, and a movable waste container 36 is placed under the discharge pipe outlet 5a. The shape of the outlet 35a of the chute 35 and the shape of the upper opening 3 of the screw conveyor 1 are rectangular and are hermetically connected by a duct 40 in which both ends are matched to each rectangle and a stainless steel plate is assembled in a frame. A seal member 43 having an L-shape and an inverted L-shape cross section is attached to the upper surface of the main body 41 of the duct 40 with a bolt 44, and the opening 43a of the seal member 43 is slightly crushed (deformation allowance) on the side surface of the chute outlet 35a. It is made to fit, leaving. The main body 41 is provided with a lower opening 41 b on the opposite side of the seal member 43, and the lower opening is inserted into the inner side 3 b of the connection portion 3 a provided at the upper portion of the upper opening 3. A square packing 42 is sandwiched between the upper surface 3 c of the connecting portion 3 a and the step portion 41 of the duct body 41. The duct main body 41 and the seal member 43 are separated, and the duct 40 is attached and detached so that the duct main body 41 and the seal member 43 can be moved up and down and removed in the horizontal direction.

  The duct 40 may be configured such that the chute on the machine tool side is removed upward. Moreover, you may make it assemble | attach a flat plate material, a mountain-shaped material, etc. with the volt | bolt etc. to the outer periphery of the chute | shoot outlet 35a and the connection part 3a. Alternatively, a rubber tube having square fasteners at both ends and both ends of the bellows may be fitted to the outer periphery of the chute outlet 35a and the outer periphery of the connecting portion 3a, respectively, and bolted. In addition, it is preferable that a sealing structure is appropriately used so that transpiration or the like can be prevented by using packing or the like during assembly. In addition to the detailed structure of the duct, it goes without saying that various methods can be applied.

  A pump 19 that collects the machining fluid from the liquid receiver 17 of the screw conveyor 1 is connected to a coolant device 37. The coolant device is a general device that regenerates the collected machining fluid and re-supplys the machining fluid to the machining section 32.

  An example in which a screw conveyor invented separately by the present inventors will be described in detail as a screw conveyor that is more suitable for the machining scrap and machining fluid discharge device 30 of the machine tool. 2 is a partial cross-sectional view of the screw conveyor used in the embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in FIG. 2, and FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line BB in FIG. As shown in FIG. 2, the screw conveyor 1 includes a cylindrical main body 2 having an inflow port 3 that protrudes upward and extends in the longitudinal direction so that the front end 2 a is inclined at 0 to 5 °. And a discharge pipe 5 that is connected to the front end via a bending guide 4 and rises obliquely upward. A screw 8 is provided in the main body 2 so as to be rotatable about the longitudinal direction as an axis 6 and spirally wound around the axis while fixing one side surface 7a of the belt-like material 7 by welding or the like. It has been. The tip 8a of the screw 8 faces the bending guide 4 and the shaft 6 is supported by a bearing (not shown). A partition wall 9 is provided at the rear end 8b of the screw 8 so as not to interfere with the screw in a direction perpendicular to the axis, and the machining liquid 10 and the machining waste 11 flowing from the inlet 3 are accommodated. The screw shaft 6 penetrates the partition wall, and is connected to a rotation shaft of a motor-equipped speed reducer (drive source) 12 attached to the rear end 2b of the screw conveyor body 2 so as to be rotatable. The partition wall 9 and the shaft 6 are sealed with a sealing material or provided with a minute gap so that the processing liquid or the like is not likely to leak.

  As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, a laterally long hole 13 is formed in the side surface 3 a of the inflow port 3, and a punching metal 14 can be attached to and removed from the hole 13 with a bolt. A large number of minute holes 14a of about 1 mm are formed, and a first liquid discharge port 15 is formed. The lower side 13c of the first liquid discharge port 15 is substantially the same height (about ± 5 mm) or slightly higher than the upper edge 8c of the screw 8. As shown in FIGS. 2 and 4, a partition wall 9 is provided so as to be separated from the first liquid discharge port 15 and the anti-discharge tube 5 side. A second liquid discharge port 16 is provided in the upper part of the partition wall 9. The second liquid discharge port is provided at a position lower than the inflow port 3, and the lower side 16 c of the second liquid discharge port is provided at a position higher than the first liquid discharge port 15. A liquid receiver 17 for receiving the liquid discharged from the first and second liquid discharge ports 15 and 16 is provided.

  A shielding plate 18 is provided on the inlet 3 side of the first liquid outlet 15. The shielding plate is separated from the second liquid discharge port 16 so as not to interfere. Further, the punching metal 14 is removable. The liquid receiver 17 is provided in a rectangular shape under the main body 2 over almost the entire length, and the four sides 17a, 17b, 17c, 17d extend to the edge height of the inlet 3 and are further bent toward the periphery of the inlet 3 at the inlet edge. A connection and fixing transpiration prevention cover 20 is provided, and the liquid level opening shares the opening with the inflow port 3. The machining liquid 10 ′ recovered in the liquid receiver 17 is recovered by the pump 19. The cylindrical portion 2b of the screw conveyor main body 2 passes through the partition wall 9 and the side plate 17c of the liquid receiver 17, and is fixed to the side plate by a flange 2f. Further, a reduction gear 12 with an electric motor is attached. The lower drain hole 21 in the cylindrical portion 2 prevents the machining fluid 10 from leaking to the reduction gear with motor.

  In this embodiment, the operation will be described with reference to the drawings of FIGS. As shown in FIG. 1, the processing waste 11 and the processing liquid 10 discharged from the processing unit 32 are introduced into the screw conveyor main body 2 from the inlet 3 of the screw conveyor 1 through the chute 35 and the duct 40. The shielding plate 18 prevents the processing scrap 11 and the processing liquid 10 from directly hitting the punching metal 14 that is the first liquid discharge port 15, and thus prevents the punching metal from being damaged. If a filter or the like is used instead of punching metal, damage is more prominently prevented. The processing waste 11 is stored in the screw conveyor body 2. The screw 8 is rotated by intermittently moving the speed reducer 12 with the electric motor, and the processing waste is gradually sent to the bending guide section. The processing waste sent to the bending guide 4 is pressed while being compressed and squeezed by the processing waste sent later by the screw 8, and the bending guide and the discharge pipe 5 are sequentially pushed up and discharged from the discharge pipe outlet 5 a to be processed. It falls into the waste container 36 and is collected as processed waste. Since the machining waste 11 is compressed in the bending guide portion 4 and the discharge pipe 5, the machining liquid 10 adhering to or mixing with the machining waste is squeezed out and returned to the bending guide portion side and collected in the machining waste storage container. Therefore, the processing rate of the processing waste is reduced, and the subsequent processing such as solidification and incineration becomes easy. In the figure, only a part of the machining liquid and machining waste is shown.

  On the other hand, the screw conveyor main body 2 forms a container with the partition wall 9, the bending guide portion 4, and a part of the rising discharge pipe 5, and the machining liquid 10 is stored therein. The stored machining fluid 10 gradually rises as the machining fluid flowing out from the machine tool machining section accumulates. When the liquid level 10 a reaches the first liquid discharge port 15, the machining liquid flows out from the minute holes, flows out into the liquid receiver 17 and is stored. Further, it is transferred to the coolant device 37 by the pump 19 and part or all of it is reused or discarded. Relatively large cutting waste 11 falls to the lower side of the main body 2 and on the screw 8 side, but light cutting waste, dust, minute cutting waste, etc. float in the working fluid or try to flow out together, but cannot pass through the minute hole. Since the thing does not flow out to the liquid receiver 17 side, the load on the pump 19 and the coolant device 37 is reduced, the frequency of maintenance is reduced, and a long life is achieved. If a filter or the like is used instead of the punching metal, the outflow of dust, minute cutting waste, scum, etc. can be prevented. In addition, the punching metal can be replaced, and clogging can be eliminated by cleaning or the like.

  When clogging of the punching metal (filter) 14 occurs, or when the excessive machining liquid 10 flows into the screw conveyor main body 2, the liquid level rises. When the liquid level 10 a reaches the second liquid discharge port 16, the working fluid flows through the second liquid discharge port to the liquid receiver 17 surrounded by the cylindrical portion 2 b, the partition wall 9, and the side plate 17 c of the liquid receiver 17. (Overflow). Thereby, it is possible to collect the machining waste and the machining liquid without clogging the first liquid discharge port and stopping the operation against a rapid inflow. If a coarse mesh 38 or the like is provided below the partition wall 9, the flow of coarse cutting waste or the like into the pump 19 can be reduced. The suction port of the pump 19 is installed on the right side of the partition wall 19 as shown in the drawing, and the right working fluid 10 'is collected.

  The processing liquid stored in the screw conveyor main body 2 and the liquid receiver 17 is conspicuous particularly when the processing liquid is water-soluble, but evaporates even at room temperature. However, since the liquid receiver 17 is covered with the transpiration prevention cover 20, there is no scattering or transpiration of the processing liquid to other than the inlet 3. Furthermore, since the inflow port 3 and the chute 35 are connected by the duct 40, there is no scattering or transpiration of the machining liquid to other than the machining part 32 at the upper part of the chute. In addition, since the machining section 32 is covered with the cover 33 and the door 34, the scattering and transpiration of the machining fluid from the entire machine tool to the outside are drastically reduced. If the processing section 32 is provided with an intake duct or the like, cleaned, etc., and then exhausted to the outside, the environment in the factory can be further kept favorable.

  In the present embodiment, the screw conveyor 1 is described as an overflow type. However, a cover or the like is formed at the processing screw and processing liquid inlet of the conventional screw conveyor, and the liquid level of the liquid receiver 17 is Needless to say, the inflow port 3 may be formed to be a common opening. Needless to say, the same applies to a belt conveyor or the like in addition to a screw conveyor.

It is a front view which shows the processing waste of the machine tool which shows embodiment of this invention, and the discharge apparatus of a working fluid. It is a fragmentary sectional view of the screw conveyor used for embodiment of this invention. It is the sectional view on the AA line of FIG. FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line B-B in FIG. 2.

Explanation of symbols

1 Separation device (screw conveyor)
2 Screw conveyor main body 2a Screw conveyor main body tip 3 Inlet (liquid receiving opening)
4 Bending guide portion 5 Discharge pipe 10 Processing fluid 11 Processing waste 17 Liquid receiver 30 Machine waste and processing fluid discharge device 31 Machine tool (NC machine tool)
32 Processing part 33 Cover 35 Chute 35a Chute outlet 40 Duct

Claims (3)

  Except for the lower part of the processing part, at least the processing part can be hermetically sealed to prevent scattering, leakage, and transpiration of the processing liquid and processing waste to the outside of the processing part. A machine tool having a chute that discharges, a separation device that separates machining fluid and machining waste disposed so that an inflow port corresponding to the bottom of the chute outlet is located, and stores the machining fluid provided in the separation device A liquid receptacle, the opening of the liquid receptacle shares the opening with the inlet without any other opening, and the chute outlet and the inlet are connected by a duct. The machine tool waste and machining fluid discharge device.   The apparatus for discharging machining waste and machining liquid of a machine tool according to claim 1, wherein the separation device is a screw conveyor. The screw conveyor is connected to a cylindrical main body having an inflow port that protrudes upward and extends in the longitudinal direction through a bending guide portion, and is disposed substantially horizontally so that the tip is inclined at 0 to 5 °. 3. The machine tool waste and machining fluid discharge device according to claim 2, wherein the screw conveyor has a discharge pipe that rises obliquely upward.

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