JP2006304427A - Armature of rotating electric machine - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To enhance heat dissipation of a rotating electric machine constituted by fitting a plurality of sheets of core material each composed of a ring-shaped plate over the rotating shaft. <P>SOLUTION: A core material 5 is constituted such that the inner diameter side ring portion 5b for forming a through hole 5a passing a motor shaft 1a and the outer diameter side ring portion 5d for forming a plurality of teeth 5c radially are coupled by a plurality of bridge pieces 5g arranged radially. When the core material 5 is rotated appropriately and fitted over the motor shaft 1a, an air gap S1 is formed between adjacent bridge pieces 5g in the axial direction, and a linear air gap S2 is formed in the direction of the motor shaft 1a at the opposite side end portions in the circumferential direction of the bridge piece 5g. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention belongs to the technical field of an armature of a rotating electric machine such as an electric motor constituting an actuator mounted on a vehicle or the like.

  Generally, in this type of rotating electrical machine, when this is, for example, an electric motor, there is one in which an armature is configured by externally fitting a plurality of core materials each having a plurality of teeth formed radially on a rotating shaft. . In this structure, coils are wound around the armature, and when these coils are energized, the coils generate heat, and the heat accumulates in the core material constituting the interior of the armature. In order to cope with this, means such as providing a fan in the armature or laminating a plurality of types of core materials to increase the exposed surface area on the inner diameter side have been proposed. Another problem arises.

As a measure for improvement, the core material is radially arranged between the inner diameter side ring portion where the through-hole through which the rotating shaft passes is formed and the outer diameter side ring portion where the teeth are formed, and these are integrated. Of a plurality of bridge pieces connected to each other, and by laminating these core materials on a rotating shaft while rotating them at a predetermined rotation angle, It has been proposed that the bridge pieces are stacked in a state where they are sequentially displaced while leaving a portion where the bridge pieces overlap each other, thereby forming an air flow path between the bridge pieces adjacent in the circumferential direction.
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2003-9442

  However, the above-described conventional structure is a structure in which the bridge pieces are stacked while being displaced in the circumferential direction so that parts of the adjacent ones in the axial direction come into contact with each other, and a gap formed as an air flow path Is formed in a cylindrical shape that is long in the axial direction and penetrates in the axial direction, but is closed by a bridge piece in the circumferential direction. For this reason, when the electric motor is rotated at a high speed, there is a problem that heat radiation by the flow path between the bridge pieces is not sufficiently performed, and there is a problem to be solved by the present invention.

The present invention was created in order to solve these problems in view of the above-described circumstances, and the invention of claim 1 includes a plurality of core materials in which a plurality of teeth are formed radially. In the armature of a rotating electrical machine that is externally fitted to the rotating shaft in a laminated manner, the core material includes an inner diameter side ring portion in which a through hole penetrating the rotating shaft is formed, and an outer diameter side ring portion in which teeth are formed. The core material is appropriately rotated and stacked on the rotation shaft, and the bridge pieces of the core material adjacent in the axial direction are misaligned in the circumferential direction. In addition, a gap is formed between the bridge pieces, and a linear gap is formed in the rotation axis direction on both sides of the bridge piece in the circumferential direction.
According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect, the armature is externally fitted with a first core material that is externally fitted at a preset circumferential position, and the first core material is displaced in the circumferential direction. It is comprised by the 2nd core material, and it is comprised so that the bridge piece part of a 2nd core material may be located between the bridge piece parts adjacent to the circumference direction of this 1st core material.
According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the second aspect, the first core material and the second core material are externally fitted to the rotating shaft alternately one by one.
According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the core material according to any one of the first, second, and third aspects, the core material has N teeth (N is an even number), (N / 2) bridge pieces, or (N / 4) are formed, and the rotation angle between adjacent core materials is set to (360 / N) degrees, (3 × 360 / N) degrees, or (5 × 360 / N) degrees. It is what.
According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in any one of the first, second, third, and fourth aspects, the teeth of each core material have a predetermined width with a predetermined pitch from one end in the circumferential direction at the outer peripheral edge of the claw portion. A first tooth in which a notch is formed in a notch, and a second tooth in which a notch is formed on the outer peripheral edge of the claw at a predetermined pitch from the other end in the circumferential direction, and is formed in a predetermined width. Are formed in an appropriate order in the circumferential direction, and the first and second teeth are alternately arranged in the rotation axis direction in a state where the core materials are laminated.
The invention according to claim 6 is the core material according to claim 5, wherein the first and second teeth are alternately formed in the circumferential direction.

According to the first aspect of the present invention, a long gap portion is formed in the axial direction at the inner diameter side portion of the core material, and a gap is formed between the bridge piece portions adjacent in the axial direction. In addition, an air flow path in the circumferential direction is formed, and an armature with high heat dissipation can be obtained.
According to the second and third aspects of the present invention, the surface area exposed to the outside at the core material inner diameter side portion can be further expanded, and an armature with high heat dissipation can be obtained.
According to the invention of claim 4, the armature assembling work can be simplified.
By making it the invention of Claim 5, while being able to accelerate | stimulate the weight reduction of a rotary electric machine, the reduction | decrease of an effective magnetic flux is suppressed and the performance of a rotary electric machine can be made still higher.
According to the sixth aspect of the present invention, it is possible to achieve a well-balanced rotating electrical machine while reducing the weight of the rotating electrical machine or improving performance.

Next, an embodiment of the present invention will be described based on the drawings of FIGS.
In the drawings, reference numeral 1 denotes an electric motor (rotary electric machine) that functions as a fan motor. A motor shaft 1a of the electric motor 1 is supported by a bottom 2a of a bottomed cylindrical yoke 2 via a bearing 2b. Further, the fan is set to be provided at the protruding tip portion protruding outward from the yoke bottom 2a. The other end of the motor shaft 1a is supported by an end bracket 3 that covers the open end of the yoke 2 via a bearing 3a. The motor shaft 1a is located on the end bracket 3 side, and a commutator 4 is integrally fitted on the yoke shaft 2a. A plurality of core members 5 to be described later are fitted on the yoke bottom 2a side of the commutator 4. The armature 6 is configured by winding a plurality of coils L around the outer periphery of the core material 5. These coils L are electrically connected to the commutator 4, and the coil L is energized by supplying an external power source to the commutator 4 via a brush 7 described later. The rotation is set with respect to the magnetic field formed by the permanent magnet 2c fixed to the inner peripheral surface of the yoke 2.
As shown in FIG. 1, the electric motor 1 of the present embodiment is configured so that the motor shaft 1 is mounted in a state in which the motor shaft 1 is directed in the vertical direction and the end bracket 3 is positioned below.

  On the other hand, a flange portion 2d is formed on the outer diameter side of the open end of the yoke 2, and a resin material is interposed between the flange portion 2d and the flange portion 3b formed on the outer diameter edge of the end bracket 3. The outer diameter edge portion 8a of the brush holder stay 8 integrally molded into a flat plate ring shape is fixed in a sandwiched manner. The brush holder stay 8 has a through hole 8b through which the motor shaft 1a penetrates at the center, and one disk surface facing the cylinder inside of the yoke 2 has a reference to the hole center of the through hole 8b. The brush holders 8c are provided at four locations in the circumferential direction in a radial positional relationship. The brushes 7 are accommodated in the brush holders 8c, respectively, and pigtails (not shown) drawn from the brushes 7 are respectively connected to four terminal plates (not shown) incorporated in the brush holder stay 8. Externally connected couplers 9 are connected to these terminal plates. It should be noted that an external power source is supplied to the brush 7 by connecting an external coupler (not shown) to the external drawing coupler 9.

  A coil elastic machine 10 is accommodated in the outer diameter side portion of the brush 7 accommodated in the inner diameter side of the brush holder 8c, whereby each brush 7 has a tip portion on the inner diameter side of the commutator 4. It is set so as to slidably contact with the outer peripheral surface, and the power supplied from the external drawing coupler 9 to the brush 7 via the terminal plate is supplied to each coil L via the commutator 4. Is set.

Now, the core material 5 constituting the armature 6 is made of a single piece made of a flat plate-shaped metal material, and the core material 5 is formed on the inner diameter side portion of the motor shaft about the circle center. An inner diameter side ring portion 5b having a through hole 5a through which 1a passes is provided. Further, the outer diameter side portion of the core material 5 is provided with an outer diameter side ring portion 5d formed with a plurality of teeth 5c projecting radially from the outer peripheral edge portion so as to be concentric with the through hole 5a. Yes. Here, each tooth 5c includes a base portion 5e protruding radially from the outer peripheral edge portion of the outer diameter side ring portion 5d, and a claw portion 5f extending long from the outer diameter side tip portion of the base portion 5e to both sides in the circumferential direction. It is configured with. In the core material 5 of the present embodiment, ten such teeth 5c are formed at equal intervals in the circumferential direction, with an angle of 36 degrees.
The core material 5 is provided with a plurality of bridge piece portions 5g in a state where the inner diameter side ring portion 5b and the outer diameter side ring portion 5d are connected to each other. 5 are formed in a state of being radially arranged concentrically with the through-holes 5a and along the radial reference line of every other tooth 5c forming portion, whereby the bridge piece portion 5g is formed at equal intervals having an angle of 72 degrees in the circumferential direction.

  Further, the outer diameter side ring portion 5d of the core material 5 has a rotation angle similar to the rotation angle between the teeth 5c, i.e., located at a portion along the radiation reference line of the tooth 5c formation portion, A positioning recess 5h on one plate surface formed by punching from the plate surface to the other plate surface and a positioning projection 5i on the other plate surface are formed.

  When a plurality of the core members 5 configured in this way are externally fitted to the motor shaft 1a, in this embodiment, the bridge piece portion 5g has a circumferential position set in advance with respect to the motor shaft 1a. The first core material (5-1) to be externally fitted and the first core material (5-1) are externally fitted by rotating at a rotation angle (36 degrees) corresponding to the formation interval of the teeth 5c. The second core material (5-2) is incorporated in an alternating state. As a result, the second core material laminated adjacent to the first core material (5-1) between the bridge piece portions 5g adjacent in the circumferential direction of the first core material (5-1) ( 5-2) is set so that the bridge piece portion 5g is located, and when the armature 6 is faced from one end side in the axial direction, each bridge piece portion 5g emits radiation at the formation site of all (ten) teeth 5c. The bridge pieces 5g that are positioned along the reference line and are laminated in the respective axial directions are in a state in which there is a gap S1 corresponding to one piece of the core material 5, and the bridge pieces 5g On both sides in the circumferential direction, a penetrating gap S2 is formed along the axis of the motor shaft 1a (towards the axial direction). This not only increases the surface area exposed to the outside at the bridge piece portion 5g portion corresponding to the inner diameter portion of the armature 6, but also forms a void portion S1 facing in the circumferential direction in the cylindrical void portion S2. It is comprised so that the thermal radiation performance in an internal-diameter site | part can be improved by making space part S1, S2 into an air flow path.

  Here, when the second core material (5-2) is laminated on the first core material (5-1) so as to have such a positional relationship, the second core material (5-2) What is necessary is just to rotate the rotation angle (36 degree | times) corresponded to the formation space | interval of the teeth 5c with respect to the attitude | position of a material (5-1), but this thing is five bridge pieces 5g as mentioned above. The positioning recesses 5h and the positioning protrusions 5i are formed corresponding to the teeth 5c, and can be positioned by engaging them, and the core members 5 are integrated with each other. For this reason, the first core material (5-2) can take the corresponding stacking posture at five locations in the circumferential direction with respect to the first core material (5-1), and the stacking posture can be quickly and Therefore, it is possible to prepare easily and to perform the laminating work with good workability.

  In the state where the plurality of core members 5 are externally fitted to the motor shaft 1a as described above, ten pieces are formed on the outer periphery of the core member 5 in a state formed between the claw portions 5f of the teeth 5c adjacent in the circumferential direction. The slot 6a is formed, and the armature 6 is configured by winding the coil L around the slot 6a. And in this thing, as for the coil | winding 11 which comprises the coil L, both ends of a winding start and the end of winding are respectively suitable for the commutator 4 to which the some commutator piece 4a was fixed to the outer peripheral surface, respectively, such as fusing. It is set to be electrically connected by means. For this reason, a space for electrical connection (fusing) is required between the outer peripheral surface of the commutator 4 and the coil L wound around the slot 6a. The electric motor 1 of the present embodiment is a motor The axial dimension of the shaft 1a is made compact, and it is difficult to secure a fusing space. For this reason, the end of one winding 11 is connected to the commutator piece 4a via the outer periphery of the coil L, and the end of the other winding 11 is formed between the core material bridge pieces 5g. The electric motor 1 is configured so as to be inserted into the gap S2 and drawn from one end side (yoke bottom 2a side) of the motor shaft 1a and connected to the commutator piece 4a. Consideration is given to promote the transformation.

In the present embodiment configured as described, the electric motor 1 is rotated by the armature 6 configured by externally fitting a plurality of core members 5 to the motor shaft 1a as power is supplied. However, the core material 5 is fitted on the motor shaft 1a in a state where one kind of the material is rotated, so that the bridge piece portions 5g laminated to form the inner diameter portion of the armature 6 are adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction. A penetrating gap S2 facing in the axial direction is formed long between the bridge pieces 5g.
In addition, in this structure, the bridge pieces 5g of the core material 5 stacked adjacent to each other are not overlapped in a direct contact state, and one core material 5 is placed between the bridge piece portions 5g arranged in the axial direction. A minute gap S1 is formed. As a result, the surface area exposed to the outside in the inner diameter portion of the armature 6 can be increased, and a circumferential cavity S2 is formed in the cavity S2 facing the axial direction. By using this flow path, even if the electric motor 1 rotates at a high speed, a high heat dissipation effect can be obtained. Therefore, it is possible to provide the highly reliable electric motor 1 that can efficiently release the heat of the coil L that generates heat with the rotation of the armature 6 to suppress the temperature rise and maintain stable performance.

  In addition, the armature 6 is provided with one type of core material 5, and the first core material (5-1) that is externally fitted so as to have a predetermined circumferential position with respect to the motor shaft 1 a, and the first One second core material (5-2) that is externally fitted in a state in which the core material (5-1) and the rotation angle (36 degrees) corresponding to the formation interval of the teeth 5c are rotated. Since the gaps S1 are formed between all the bridge pieces 5g adjacent in the axial direction, the exposed surface area is further increased. , Heat dissipation can be further enhanced. Moreover, by incorporating as described above, it is possible to achieve rapid and smooth integration.

  In addition, in this structure, the core members 5 are integrated into a positioning shape by engaging a positioning concave portion 5h formed as an integration means and a positioning convex portion 5i. Each of the portions 5i is a structure formed by punching, and is formed at a position along the radiation reference line of the tooth 5c forming portion. Therefore, the structure can be simplified, and the posture of the second core material (5-2) laminated on the first core material (5-1) is not limited to one as in the conventional one. , A state rotated by 36 degrees relative to the first core material (5-1), a state rotated by (36 + 72) degrees, a state rotated by (36 + 144 (= 72 × 2)) degrees, and (36 + 216 (= 72 ×) 3)) in a rotated state, and (36 + 288 (72 × 4)) in a rotated state, it may be in any of the five convenient postures, and the core material 5 can be stacked quickly and Therefore, it can be carried out smoothly and can be built-in work with good workability.

Of course, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and may be configured as in the second embodiment shown in FIGS.
The core material 13 constituting the armature 12 of the second embodiment has basically the same shape as the core material formed in the same manner as the first embodiment, and the shaft of the bridge piece 13g. A gap S1 corresponding to one plate thickness of the core material 13 is formed between the adjacent ones in the direction, and a linear shape facing the axial direction between the bridge piece portions 13g adjacent in the circumferential direction. A space S2 is formed, and the armature 12 is excellent in heat dissipation and has an air flow path in both the circumferential direction and the axial direction.
Further, in this structure, the claw portion 13f of each tooth 13c formed on the outer diameter side ring portion 13b of the core material 13 is formed in the following shape for the purpose of weight reduction.
In other words, in this case, the outer peripheral edge portion of each claw portion 13f has a missing portion based on a predetermined angular pitch (θ1, θ2, θ3, θ4, and θ2 = θ3 = θ4) from one end in the circumferential direction. The first teeth (13c-1) in which the (notch) 13j is formed and a predetermined angular pitch (θ1, θ2, θ3, θ4) from the other circumferential end of the outer peripheral edge of the claw portion 13f. Thus, the second teeth (13c-2) in which the missing portions (notches) 13j are formed based on θ2 = θ3 = θ4) are alternately formed in the circumferential direction.

  And the core material 13 comprised in this way is the 1st core material (13-1) externally fitted in the circumference position set in advance of the motor shaft 1, and this 1st core material (13-1). On the other hand, by alternately laminating the second core material (13-2) having a rotation angle of a predetermined angle with the rotation angle of 36 degrees, as described above, the heat dissipation by the bridge piece portion 13g is achieved. Although it laminates | stacks so that it may be in the excellent state, in this thing, as for each teeth 13c, the 1st, 2nd teeth (13c-1) and (13c-2) are located in a line in the circumference direction alternately. Therefore, when the first and second core materials (13-1) and (13-2) are alternately laminated in the axial direction, the claw portions 13f adjacent to each other in the axial direction (laminated claw portions 13f). It is set to be laminated so as to cover the notch portions 13j. . As a result, the notch portion 13j is formed in the claw portion 13f to reduce the weight. However, the magnetic flux generated by the magnetic field on the inner peripheral surface of the yoke 2 facing the claw portion 13f causes the core material 13 to be separated every other piece. By passing, the effect that the reduction | decrease of an effective magnetic flux can be suppressed can be acquired.

Furthermore, it can be configured as in the third embodiment shown in FIG.
The armature 14 in this structure includes a plurality of core materials 5 configured in the same manner as in the first embodiment on the motor shaft 1a, and a plurality of sub-core materials located on both sides of the core material 5. 15 is configured to fit externally. The sub-core material 15 is formed in the same shape as the outer diameter side ring portion 5d of the core material 5, and has no shape on the inner diameter side of the outer diameter side ring portion 5d (bridge piece portion and inner diameter side ring). (Shape without part). And it is the structure by which several appropriate pieces of these sub core materials 15 are laminated | stacked on the both sides of the core material 5, and in what was comprised in this way, the outer periphery of the motor shaft 1a, the internal diameter side site | part of the sub core material 15, and A gap H is formed between them, and the base end portion of the commutator 4 can be inserted into the gap H, so that the electric motor 1 with excellent heat dissipation can be obtained. It is possible to achieve a more compact size. In this case, as a means for integrating the core material 5 and the sub-core material 15, as in the first and second embodiments, the teeth 5c and 15a are formed at positions along the radiation reference line. Then, the positioning concave portions 5h and 15b and the positioning convex portions 5i and 15c are formed by punching, and these are engaged and caulked.

Further, the core material is not limited to that of the above-described embodiment, and the bridge piece portion is formed along the radiation reference line of the tooth forming portion as long as the bridge piece portion is formed with a predetermined angular interval. Without being done, it may be formed in a state where an arbitrary rotation angle exists with respect to the tooth forming portion. Further, even in the case where the notch portion is not formed in the claw portion of the teeth, the heat dissipation can be improved as in the above embodiments by carrying out in the same manner.
Furthermore, as the core material, when the number of teeth is N, the number of bridge pieces can be (N / 2) or (N / 4). In this case, the rotation angle between the core materials stacked adjacent to each other can be set to (360 / N) degrees, (3 × 360 / N) degrees, or (5 × 360 / N) degrees. In such a case, a plurality of bridge pieces of another core material to be laminated are arranged with a gap between the bridge pieces adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction of the reference core material. It is also possible to configure.
In the first, second, and third embodiments, the first core material and the second core material are alternately laminated one by one. It is good also as a structure which laminates | stacks a core material alternately.

It is a partial cross section front view of an electric motor. It is a top view of an electric motor. 3A, 3B, and 3C are a front view, a partial cross-sectional view, and a patterned cross-sectional view illustrating an air flow path formed in a bridge piece, respectively. 4A and 4B are an armature side view and a front view, respectively. 5A and 5B are respectively a front view and a partially enlarged front view of the core material in the second embodiment. FIGS. 6A and 6B are an armature side view and a front view, respectively, in the second embodiment. 7A and 7B are an armature side view and a front view, respectively, in the third embodiment.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Electric motor 2 Yoke 4 Commutator 5 Core material 5c Teeth 5f Claw part 5g Bridge piece part 5h Positioning recessed part 5j Notch part 7 Brush 8 Brush holder stay 9 Brush holder 10 Coil machine 11 Winding

Claims (6)

  In an armature of a rotating electrical machine in which a plurality of core materials formed radially with a plurality of teeth are externally fitted to a rotating shaft, the inner diameter of the core material is formed with a through hole penetrating the rotating shaft. The side ring portion and the outer diameter side ring portion where the teeth are formed are connected by a plurality of radial bridge pieces, and the core material is appropriately rotated and stacked on the rotating shaft, and is adjacent in the axial direction. The bridge pieces of the core material are displaced in the circumferential direction to form a gap between the bridge pieces, and linear gaps in the rotation axis direction are formed on both sides of the bridge piece in the circumferential direction. An armature of a rotating electrical machine with a configuration to be formed.   2. The armature according to claim 1, wherein the armature is constituted by a first core material that is externally fitted at a predetermined circumferential position, and a second core material that is externally fitted while being displaced in the circumferential direction from the first core material. An armature for a rotating electrical machine in which the bridge piece portion of the second core material is positioned between the bridge piece portions adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction of the first core material.   The armature of the rotating electrical machine according to claim 2, wherein the first core material and the second core material are alternately fitted on the rotating shaft one by one.   4. The core material according to claim 1, wherein the core material is formed with N teeth (N is an even number), (N / 2) bridge pieces, or (N / 4). It is assumed that the rotation angle between adjacent core materials is (360 / N) degrees, (3 × 360 / N) degrees, or (5 × 360 / N) degrees.   The teeth of each core material according to any one of claims 1, 2, 3, and 4, wherein the teeth of each core material have a notch portion that is notched to a predetermined width at a predetermined pitch from one end side in the circumferential direction on the outer peripheral edge portion of the claw portion. The formed first tooth and the second tooth in which the notched portion is formed in the outer peripheral edge of the claw portion with a predetermined pitch from the other end side in the circumferential direction and is notched to a predetermined width is appropriately arranged in the circumferential direction. An armature for a rotating electrical machine, wherein the first and second teeth are alternately arranged in the rotation axis direction in a state where core materials are laminated.   6. The armature for a rotating electrical machine according to claim 5, wherein the core material has first and second teeth alternately formed in a circumferential direction.

Images