JP2006304378A - Magneto system generator and method of adjusting output of magneto system generator - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a magnet system generator which can easily adjust the output for various specifications without performing output adjustment being complicated and taking manhours. <P>SOLUTION: The magneto system generator 1 has a stator 2 where a generator coil 15 is wound and a rotor 3 supported rotatably outside the stator 2. The rotor 3 is provided with a yoke 4 consisting of magnetic material and the yoke 4 is provided with a plurality of pole pieces 6 counterposed circumferentially to the generator coil 15. The pole piece 6 comprises a permanent magnet 6a and an iron piece 6b, and the number of arranged permanent magnets 6a and iron pieces 6b can be changed according to the specification of the generator. For example, the output of generated electricity can be adjusted easily by arranging a proper number of pieces, according to the specification, such that, for example, the permanent magnets 6a are sixteen and the iron pieces 6b are four, etc. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a magnet generator used in a motorcycle or the like, and more particularly to a magnet generator that performs a power generation operation in cooperation with an engine and an output adjustment method thereof.

  Conventionally, as a generator mounted on a motorcycle or the like, a so-called magnet generator is widely used because a desired output can be obtained with a simple structure. This type of magnet generator includes a stator around which a generator coil is wound, and a rotor that is rotatably supported outside the stator. The rotor is provided with a yoke made of a magnetic material, and a plurality of permanent magnets are attached to the yoke. The permanent magnets are arranged concentrically at intervals along the yoke circumferential direction. The yoke is connected to the crankshaft of the engine by a boss rotor or the like, and when the engine is started, the rotor provided with the permanent magnet rotates around the stator, and an electromotive force is generated in the electromotive coil to perform a power generation operation.

  On the other hand, with the increase in current consumption due to an increase in electrical components, etc., there is a demand for higher output of generators. In magnet generators, output current is improved by increasing the number of poles and changing the material of permanent magnets. Yes. That is, in the conventional magnetic generator, the number of poles of the permanent magnet is often 12 or less, but in recent years, it is not unusual to have more than 12 poles. For example, a 20-pole 15-slot magnet generator Has also been put to practical use. Further, by using a neodymium-based or samarium-cobalt rare earth magnet instead of the conventional ferrite magnet, the permanent magnet itself has a high magnetic flux density, and the generator can be reduced in size and output.

  However, in such a high-power magnet generator, when the power generation efficiency in the engine low rotation range is increased, the amount of power generation in the high rotation region may become excessive depending on the vehicle. The excess power is discarded as heat by the voltage regulator that is short-circuit controlled, and accordingly, the power generation efficiency is reduced and the fuel consumption of the motorcycle is reduced. In this case, in a four-wheeled vehicle, a generator having a field coil such as an alternator is used, and the output voltage can be kept constant by controlling the field current flowing in the field coil. On the other hand, in a magnetic generator, since the field is formed by a permanent magnet, the field cannot be controlled, and a voltage regulator must be provided on the output side to maintain a constant voltage. There was a problem that it was disadvantageous in terms of power generation efficiency and fuel consumption.

  Therefore, in order to reduce such surplus power, conventionally, output adjustment of a magnet generator according to an applicable vehicle type or the like has been performed by the following method. First, there is a method of demagnetizing a permanent magnet by applying a reverse magnetic field to reduce the amount of magnetization. This method is applied when a ferrite magnet is used as the permanent magnet, and the power generation output is suppressed by reducing the field magnetic flux density. Next, as a second method, there is a countermeasure for downsizing the magnet itself. This method is applied when rare earth magnets with high material prices are used, and the permanent magnet is used in a fully magnetized state without adjusting the magnetizing amount. However, since the magnet itself is small, the amount of magnetic flux is correspondingly reduced. Decrease. Furthermore, the third method includes adjustment on the stator side. In this case, the number of stator cores stacked and the number of coil turns are reduced, thereby suppressing the power generation output.

Moreover, in the magnet type generator of patent document 2, a magnetic pole density is controlled by providing a control magnetic pole between the rotor side permanent magnets, and using this as an electromagnet for output adjustment. Here, a field coil is provided on the stator side, and the polarity of the control magnetic pole and the amount of magnetic flux can be appropriately changed by energizing the field coil. Further, by increasing the field in the low rotation range and weakening the field in the high rotation range, the power generation output is equalized and the surplus power is reduced.
JP-A-5-316673 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 7-59314 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-174396 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-178752

  However, the aforementioned output adjustment method has the following problems. First, in the first method, various demagnetization processes are required depending on the vehicle type, which complicates the process, which increases the man-hours and increases costs. Next, in the second method, it is useless to cut an expensive rare earth magnet, and further post-processing for miniaturization is required, which is disadvantageous in terms of cost. Furthermore, in the second method, since the number of core stacks and the number of coil windings are changed for each specification, production equipment needs to be adjusted each time, and there is a problem that production efficiency is lowered.

  On the other hand, in the case of the generator of Patent Document 2, it is necessary to control the energization direction and the amount of supplied current to the field coil, and it is necessary to provide dedicated control means separately from the generator. For this reason, although a voltage regulator becomes unnecessary, a control device more expensive than that is required, and the cost of the power generation system itself increases. Further, when the number of control magnets is extremely reduced with respect to the permanent magnet, the magnetic flux adjustment width is reduced, the control form is limited, and the effectiveness is lowered.

  An object of the present invention is to provide a magnet generator capable of easily adjusting output for various specifications without performing complicated and time-consuming output adjustment processing.

  A magnet generator according to the present invention is a magnet generator having a stator around which a generator coil is wound and a rotor having a yoke made of a magnetic material rotatably supported on the outside of the stator. The yoke has a plurality of pole pieces provided to face the generator coil along a circumferential direction, and the pole pieces are formed by an output adjusting member made of a permanent magnet or a magnetic material. The number of the permanent magnets and the output adjusting member in the pole piece can be changed.

  In the present invention, the number of permanent magnets and output adjustment members arranged in a plurality of pole pieces made of permanent magnets or output adjustment members can be changed. Therefore, by arranging an appropriate number of output adjustment members, The number of field magnetic fluxes by the magnet can be adjusted to easily adjust the power generation output. For this reason, it is possible to easily set optimal output characteristics for various specifications without complicated adjustment processing and adjustment of production equipment.

  In the magnet generator, the permanent magnet and the output adjustment member may be formed to have the same weight, for example, by providing a notch in the output adjustment member. As a result, even when an odd number of output adjusting members are arranged, the weight balance is not biased and the rotor rotates smoothly.

  In the magnet generator, when an even number of output adjustment members are arranged, the other output adjustment members may be arranged at positions facing the rotation center of each of the output adjustment members. Thereby, the magnetic balance by the permanent magnet is equalized, and the smooth rotation of the rotor and the generated voltage waveform are stabilized.

  Further, the magnet generator may be a three-phase generator in which 14 or more pole pieces are provided, and is a multipolar generator having 14 or more poles in which the number of poles of the permanent magnet exceeds 12. The more the output adjustment effect by the output adjustment member is greater.

  On the other hand, the output adjustment method of the magnet generator according to the present invention includes a stator around which a generator coil is wound, and a rotor including a yoke made of a magnetic material rotatably supported on the outside of the stator. An output adjustment method for a magnet generator, wherein the magnet generator is provided on the yoke so as to face the generator coil along a circumferential direction, and includes a plurality of permanent magnets or output adjustment members. It has a pole piece, The output of the said magnet type generator is adjusted by changing the arrangement | positioning number of the said permanent magnet and the said output adjustment member in the said pole piece, It is characterized by the above-mentioned.

  In the present invention, the output of the magnet generator is adjusted by changing the number of permanent magnets and output adjustment members arranged in a plurality of pole pieces made of permanent magnets or output adjustment members. The power generation output can be easily adjusted by setting the number of magnets and output adjusting members. For this reason, it is possible to easily set optimal output characteristics for various specifications without complicated adjustment processing and adjustment of production equipment.

  According to the magnet generator of the present invention, a magnet generator including a stator around which a generator coil is wound and a rotor including a yoke that is rotatably supported on the outside of the stator. A plurality of pole pieces are provided along the circumferential direction of the yoke, and the pole pieces are formed by an output adjusting member made of a permanent magnet or a magnetic material, and the number of permanent magnets and output adjusting members in the pole piece is arranged. Since it is configured to be changeable, the number of output adjusting members is appropriately arranged, thereby adjusting the number of field magnetic fluxes by the permanent magnet and adjusting the power generation output. That is, by setting the number of permanent magnets and output adjustment members, it is possible to easily set optimum output characteristics for various specifications required for the generator without complicated adjustment processing and adjustment of production facilities. . For this reason, it is possible to reduce surplus power generated by excessive power generation capacity and improve power generation efficiency.For example, when the generator is used in a motorcycle, the fuel consumption can be improved. Become.

  According to the magnet generator of the present invention, a magnet generator including a stator around which a generator coil is wound and a rotor including a yoke that is rotatably supported on the outside of the stator. A plurality of pole pieces are provided along the circumferential direction of the yoke, and the pole pieces are formed by an output adjusting member made of a permanent magnet or a magnetic material, and the number of permanent magnets and output adjusting members in the pole piece is arranged. Since the output of the magnetic generator is adjusted by changing the power generation output, the power generation output can be easily adjusted by setting the number of permanent magnets and output adjusting members. Therefore, optimal output characteristics can be easily set for various specifications required for generators without complicated adjustment processing and production facility adjustments, and surplus power generated by excessive power generation capacity can be reduced. In addition, it is possible to improve the power generation efficiency and, for example, when the generator is used in a motorcycle, it is possible to improve the fuel consumption.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a front view of a magnet generator according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the magnet generator shown in FIG. The magnet generator 1 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 is configured to be suitable for mounting on a motorcycle. The magnet generator 1 includes a stator 2 and a rotor 3. The stator 2 is fixed to an engine case (not shown) of the engine. The rotor 3 is connected to an engine crankshaft (not shown), and serves as a generator field element and an engine flywheel. When the engine starts and the crankshaft rotates, the rotor 3 rotates around the stator 2.

The rotor 3 includes a short cylindrical yoke 4 with a bottom, and a cylindrical boss member 5 protruding from the inner surface of the bottom wall of the yoke 4. Both the yoke 4 and the boss member 5 are integrally formed of a magnetic material such as iron concentrically. The boss member 5 is taper-coupled to the crankshaft and fastened by fastening means (not shown) such as a bolt. Thereby, the rotor 3 rotates integrally with the crankshaft.
A plurality of pole pieces 6 are attached to the inner peripheral surface 4a of the yoke 4 with an adhesive or the like along the circumferential direction. In the magnet generator 1, 20 pole pieces 6 are provided at predetermined intervals. For the pole piece 6, a permanent magnet 6a or an iron piece (output adjustment member) 6b is used. As shown in FIG. 2, the magnet generator 1 uses 16 permanent magnets 6a and 4 iron pieces 6b. However, the number of the permanent magnets 6a and the iron pieces 6b can be appropriately changed. Adjacent permanent magnets 6a are arranged in different polarities. In the iron piece 6b, another iron piece 6b is arranged at a position facing the rotation center of each iron piece 6b so that the magnetic balance by the permanent magnet 6a is equalized. Thereby, the smooth rotation operation of the rotor 3 can be realized, and the generated voltage waveform is also stabilized.

  The permanent magnet 6a and the iron piece 6b are formed in an arc-shaped rectangular parallelepiped shape having substantially the same size. However, since the specific gravity of the iron piece 6b is larger than that of the permanent magnet 6a, the iron piece 6b is heavier if it has the same shape. As shown in FIG. 2, when the iron pieces 6b are equally divided into four at 90 ° intervals, the rotational balance is not biased even if there is a difference in weight between the two, but when arranging the odd number of iron pieces 6b, The balance is biased. For this reason, the notch 7 as shown in FIG. 3 is formed in the iron piece 6b, and the iron piece 6b and the permanent magnet 6a are adjusted to have the same weight. Thereby, rotation blur due to weight imbalance can be prevented, and smooth rotation operation of the rotor 3 can be realized.

  The stator 2 includes a core 11 formed in a substantially star-shaped short disk shape. The core 11 has a structure in which a large number of thin plates made of a magnetic material such as iron are laminated and integrated, and is arranged concentrically with the crankshaft on the outer surface of the engine case and fixed to the engine case by bolts 12. . A rotor 3 is disposed outside the stator 2 so as to surround the outer periphery thereof, and the rotor 3 rotates around the stator 2 by driving of the crankshaft.

  The core 11 includes an annular core body 13 and a plurality of salient poles 14 projecting radially on the outer periphery of the core body 13. A generator coil 15 is wound around each salient pole 14 in three phases and concentrated winding. The generator coil 15 is connected to a battery and a load (both not shown) via a rectifier and a voltage regulator.

  Next, the operation of the magnet generator 1 will be described. When the crankshaft is rotated by the engine, the rotor 3 rotates around the stator 2. As the rotor 3 rotates, an electromotive force is generated in the generator coil 15, and this electromotive force is supplied to the battery and the load as generated power. Here, as described above, depending on the vehicle type, if the iron piece 6b is not used and all the pole pieces 6 are configured by the permanent magnet 6a, the output in the high engine speed region may be excessive. In that case, in the conventional magnet generator, as described above, it is necessary to perform complicated and time-consuming output adjustment processing such as demagnetization.

  On the other hand, in the magnet generator 1 according to the present invention, the number of permanent magnets 6a and iron pieces 6b can be appropriately changed. By increasing the number of iron pieces 6b, the number of field magnetic fluxes by the permanent magnet 6a can be increased. It is possible to reduce the power generation output. FIG. 4A is a table showing the relationship between the number of permanent magnets 6a and iron pieces 6b and the power generation output, where the power generation output when all the pole pieces 6 are permanent magnets 6a is 100%. . FIG. 4B is an explanatory diagram showing the relationship between the engine speed and the charging current for each number of permanent magnets 6a and iron pieces 6b.

  As shown in FIG. 4 (a), the output can be suppressed by about 4% when one iron piece 6b is used, compared with the case where all are permanent magnets 6a, and the output is suppressed to 84% when four pieces are used. be able to. For this reason, as shown in FIG. 4B, when four iron pieces 6b are used, the charging current can be suppressed to about 20 A even when the engine speed is 3000 rpm. Even in this case, a charging current of about 13 A is secured during idling (about 1200 rpm). In addition, the output adjustment effect by the iron piece 6b is so large that it is a 14-pole or more multipolar generator with the pole number of the permanent magnet 6a exceeding 12 poles.

  Thus, the said magnet type generator 1 can adjust a power generation output easily by changing the number of the iron pieces 6b. Changing the number of iron pieces 6b does not involve a major change in production facilities, it is sufficient to simply set the iron pieces 6b in the apparatus instead of the permanent magnets 6a, and the assembly process, including the magnetizing process, is all conventional magnetic power generation. It can be handled with the same settings as the machine and does not cause a drop in production efficiency. Therefore, it is possible to easily set optimum output characteristics for various specifications corresponding to various types of vehicles, without complicated adjustment processing and adjustment of production facilities. As a result, it is possible to avoid discarding surplus power, and to improve the power generation efficiency and the fuel efficiency of the vehicle. Furthermore, since the iron piece 6b is cheaper than the permanent magnet 6a, the cost of the product can be reduced.

It goes without saying that the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the invention.
For example, the structure of the core 11, the number and structure of the salient poles 14, the winding method of the generator coil 15, the number of iron pieces 6 b, and the like are not limited to the configuration and method of the above-described embodiment. In the above-described embodiments, the magnet generator for a motorcycle has been described. However, the magnet generator of the present invention can be applied to a vehicle other than a motorcycle and a generator using a general-purpose engine.

It is a front view of the magnet type generator which is one example of the present invention. It is sectional drawing along the AA line of the magnetic generator of FIG. It is a perspective view which shows the structure of an iron piece. (A) is a table | surface which shows the relationship between the number of permanent magnets and iron pieces, and an electric power generation output, (b) is explanatory drawing which showed the relationship between an engine speed and a charging current for every number of permanent magnets and iron pieces. is there.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Magnet type generator 2 Stator 3 Rotor 4 Yoke 4a Inner peripheral surface 5 Boss member 6 Pole piece 6a Permanent magnet 6b Iron piece 7 Notch 11 Core 12 Bolt 13 Core main body 14 Salient pole 15 Emitting coil

Claims (5)

A magnet generator having a stator around which a generator coil is wound, and a rotor including a yoke made of a magnetic material rotatably supported on the outside of the stator,
The yoke has a plurality of pole pieces provided to face the generator coil along a circumferential direction;
The magnet generator is characterized in that the pole piece is formed by an output adjusting member made of a permanent magnet or a magnetic material, and the number of the permanent magnets and the output adjusting member in the pole piece can be changed.   2. The magnet generator according to claim 1, wherein the permanent magnet and the output adjusting member have the same weight.   3. The magnet generator according to claim 1, wherein when an even number of the output adjustment members are arranged, the other output adjustment members are arranged at positions facing the rotation center of each of the output adjustment members. Characteristic magnet generator.   The magnet generator according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the magnet generator is a three-phase generator provided with 14 or more pole pieces. Machine. A method for adjusting the output of a magnet generator having a stator around which a generator coil is wound, and a rotor having a yoke made of a magnetic material rotatably supported on the outside of the stator,
The magnet generator is provided on the yoke so as to face the generator coil along the circumferential direction, and has a plurality of pole pieces made of permanent magnets or output adjusting members,
An output adjustment method for a magnet generator, wherein the output of the magnet generator is adjusted by changing the number of the permanent magnets and the output adjustment member arranged in the pole piece.

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