JP2006300414A - Adsorption type heat pump device - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To secure high operation efficiency by preventing an operating medium from temporarily flowing back to an adsorber/desorber on the desorbing side from a condenser when switching a circuit in an adsorption type heat pump device using ammonia as the operating medium. <P>SOLUTION: The adsorption type heat pump device using ammonia as the operating medium is equipped with a pair of first and second adsorber/desorbers A/B1, A/B2, the condenser CON and an evaporator EVA. The device is further equipped with an auxiliary adsorber/desorber SubA/B, and ammonia vapor of high temperature and high pressure is fed from the auxiliary adsorber/desorber SubA/B into the adsorber/desorber switched from an adsorbing process to a desorbing process when switching. The internal pressure of the adsorber/desorber thereby becomes relatively higher than the internal pressure of the condenser CON to prevent the operating medium from flowing back to the adsorber/desorber from the condenser CON. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to an adsorption heat pump device, and more particularly to an adsorption heat pump device using ammonia as a working medium.

  A working medium that uses ammonia as a working medium and that is selectively connected to a pair of adsorbing and desorbing units containing an adsorbent such as activated carbon that can adsorb and desorb (release) the working medium, and a pair of adsorbing and desorbing units. An adsorption heat pump apparatus including at least a condenser for condensing ammonia vapor and an evaporator for evaporating liquid ammonia is known (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

  FIG. 7 shows a basic configuration diagram of the adsorption heat pump apparatus. In the state shown in the drawing, ammonia adsorbed on the adsorbent in the second adsorption / desorption device A / B2 is caused by a high-temperature heat medium from an external heat source (not shown). It evaporates when heated through the interior and enters the condenser CON through the open valve V2. At this time, the valve V1 is closed. Ammonia vapor is condensed by exchanging heat with a low-temperature heat medium in the condenser CON to become a liquid and sent to the evaporator EVA. Liquid ammonia evaporates in the evaporator EVA, passes through the valve V5, and is adsorbed by the adsorbent in the first adsorption / desorption device A / B1. At this time, the valve V7 is closed. Cold heat obtained by the latent heat of vaporization of ammonia is taken out through a heat exchanger (not shown) in the evaporator EVA. Normally, the low-temperature heat medium exchanged by the condenser CON passes through the adsorption / desorption device on the adsorption side as an external heat source, and the adsorption / desorption device on the adsorption side is cooled to promote adsorption of ammonia vapor. Yes.

  When a certain period of time has elapsed, desorption of the working medium (ammonia) from the second adsorption / desorption device A / B2 is completed, and when the second adsorption / desorption device A / B2 reaches saturation adsorption of the working medium, Circuit switching is performed. That is, the valve V1 is opened, the valve V2 is closed, the valve V7 is opened, and the valve V5 is closed. The first adsorption / desorption device A / B1 is the desorption side, and the second adsorption / desorption device A / B2 is the adsorption side. Then, driving continues.

JP-A-11-63720

  Since the adsorption heat pump apparatus using ammonia as the working medium has a large latent heat of vaporization of ammonia, there is an advantage that a large amount of generated cold heat can be obtained while being a small apparatus. However, since ammonia has a high vapor pressure, when the circuit is switched, that is, in the example shown in FIG. 7, the adsorption of the first adsorption / desorption device A / B1 reaches the saturation adsorption, and the second adsorption / desorption is performed. When the desorber A / B2 is switched to the adsorption side and the first adsorption / desorption device A / B1 is switched to the desorption side, the condenser CON is relatively high in pressure, and the first adsorption / desorption A / B1 is relatively Therefore, the working medium (ammonia gas) in the condenser CON flows back to the first adsorption / desorption device A / B1 side instead of the second adsorption / desorption device A / B2 side. Happens.

  That is, the first adsorption / desorption device A / B1 is in a low pressure state due to the adsorption reaction, and the first adsorption / desorption device A / B1 is at the adsorption temperature (approximately the ambient temperature or lower). However, the temperature in the condenser CON is higher than the temperature at the time of adsorption of the first desorber A / B1 due to the heat of condensation when the ammonia gas is liquefied. For the reason that the pressure in the CON becomes high (for example, about 100 to 500 kPa), it is inevitable that the relationship of the pressure becomes the condenser CON> the first adsorption / desorption device A / B1 at the time of switching, Ammonia gas partially flows back from the condenser CON toward the first adsorption / desorption device A / B1.

  This means that the operation is continued by switching the circuit, and when the adsorption of the second adsorption / desorption device A / B2 reaches the saturated adsorption and the circuit is switched again, the condenser CON and the second adsorption / desorption device A / B2 occurs similarly.

  The backflow phenomenon of ammonia as the working medium is one factor that lowers the operating efficiency of the apparatus, and a solution is required.

  The present invention has been made in view of the circumstances as described above. In an adsorption heat pump apparatus using ammonia as a working medium, the working medium is temporarily transferred from the condenser to the desorption side on the desorption side when the circuit is switched. It is an object of the present invention to provide an adsorption heat pump device that can prevent the reverse flow and can continuously operate the device without reducing the operation efficiency.

  The first form of the adsorption heat pump apparatus according to the present invention for solving the above-mentioned problems is that the working medium is ammonia, a pair of first and second adsorbing / desorbing devices each containing an adsorbent for the working medium, and a condensation And the evaporator, and the second adsorption / desorption device is adsorbed when the first adsorption / desorption device is in the desorption process and the working medium adsorbed by the adsorbent is desorbed toward the condenser. The working medium evaporated by the evaporator in the process is adsorbed to the adsorbent, and the desorption process and the adsorption process in the first and second adsorption / desorption devices are switched at predetermined intervals. The adsorption heat pump apparatus is further provided with an auxiliary adsorption / desorption device having a smaller adsorption capacity than the first and second adsorption / desorption devices, and the auxiliary adsorption / desorption device is connected to the adsorption side via a valve. Connected to the evaporator of the device, the discharge side is connected via a valve Characterized in that it becomes selectively connectable to both the first and the second desorption unit of the apparatus Te.

  In the above adsorption heat pump device, for example, when the first adsorption / desorption device is in the adsorption process, the working medium is also sent from the evaporator to the auxiliary adsorption / desorption device so that the auxiliary adsorption / desorption device is in an adsorption saturated state. Moreover, it is made to stand by in the state heated (pressurized) to the desorption temperature with the heat medium (external heat source). When the first adsorption / desorption device is saturated and the first adsorption / desorption device is switched to the desorption process, or just before that, the valve between the auxiliary adsorption / desorption device and the first adsorption / desorption device is opened to Communicate. As a result, the working medium vapor saturated and adsorbed on the adsorbent of the auxiliary adsorption / desorption device is desorbed and introduced into the first adsorption / desorption device, thereby increasing the pressure in the first adsorption / desorption device. Therefore, even if the first adsorption / desorption device and the condenser are in communication with each other, it is possible to prevent the working medium from flowing backward from the condenser to the first adsorption / desorption device side. The efficiency, that is, the operation efficiency of the apparatus can be increased.

  Further, when the high-temperature and high-pressure working medium flows from the auxiliary adsorption / desorption device into the first adsorption / desorption device, the temperature of the adsorbent of the first adsorption / desorption device switched to the desorption process can be quickly raised to the desorption temperature. This also makes it possible to shorten the adsorption / desorption cycle. Furthermore, since the auxiliary adsorption / desorption device adsorbs the working medium from the evaporator, the heat transfer amount (cold power output) of the apparatus can be increased.

  When the operation is continued by switching the circuit, and the adsorption of the second adsorption / desorption device reaches the saturation adsorption and the circuit is switched again, the same operation is performed by the second adsorption / desorption device and the auxiliary adsorption / desorption device. Between.

  In a second form of the adsorption heat pump apparatus according to the present invention for solving the above-mentioned problems, the auxiliary adsorption / desorption device has an adsorption side connected to a condenser of the apparatus via a valve, and a discharge side via a valve. It is connected to any one of the adsorption / desorption devices of the apparatus.

  In the above adsorption heat pump device, for example, when the first adsorption / desorption device is saturated by adsorption and enters the desorption process, the condenser and the auxiliary adsorption / desorption device are previously communicated with each other by opening the valve. Thereby, a part of the working medium in the condenser is adsorbed by the adsorbent in the auxiliary adsorption / desorption device, and the pressure in the condenser is reduced. Thereby, when the valve is opened and the first adsorption / desorption device is communicated with the condenser and the desorption process is performed, the phenomenon that the working medium flows backward from the condenser to the first adsorption / desorption apparatus in the desorption process described above is prevented. be able to. Further, when the second adsorption / desorption device is saturated by adsorption and enters the desorption process, the auxiliary adsorption / desorption device in the adsorption saturated state is put on standby in a state heated (pressurized) to the desorption temperature by a heat medium (external heat source). deep. When the valve is switched and the second adsorption / desorption device shifts to the desorption process, the valve is opened and the working medium vapor heated and pressurized from the auxiliary adsorption / desorption device is introduced into the second adsorption / desorption device. Thereby, the pressure in the second adsorption / desorption device is increased, and even if the second adsorption / desorption device and the condenser are in communication, the second adsorption / desorption device side in the desorption process from the condenser, It is possible to prevent the working medium from flowing backward.

  As a result, the desorption speeds of the first and second adsorption / desorption devices are increased, and in this embodiment as well, the efficiency of the adsorption / desorption cycle, that is, the operation efficiency of the apparatus can be increased as in the first embodiment. Further, in this embodiment, since the amount of working medium vapor adsorbed by the auxiliary adsorption / desorption device can be added, the amount of heat transfer (cold power output) can be increased.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, in the adsorption | suction type heat pump apparatus which uses ammonia as a working medium, it can prevent the phenomenon which a working medium flows backward from a condenser to an adsorption / desorption device. Thereby, the adsorption / desorption cycle in the adsorption / desorption device is shortened, and the operation efficiency of the adsorption heat pump apparatus is improved. In addition, the amount of heat transfer (cold power output) can be increased.

  Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a block diagram of the adsorption heat pump apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a state diagram in each step of adsorption / desorption of the adsorption heat pump apparatus shown in FIG. FIG. 3 shows an example in which the adsorption heat pump apparatus shown in FIG. 1 is used in an actual machine.

  FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram corresponding to FIG. 7 described above, and the same members as those described in FIG. 7 are denoted by the same reference numerals. In FIG. 1, all the valves are closed, but each valve is opened and closed during operation. The adsorption heat pump apparatus shown in FIG. 1 differs from the conventional adsorption heat pump apparatus shown in FIG. 7 in that an auxiliary adsorption / desorption device SubA / B is used.

  The auxiliary adsorption / desorption device SubA / B has an adsorption side connected to the evaporator EVA via a valve V6, and a discharge side (desorption side) connected to the first adsorption / desorption device A / B1 via valves V3 and V4. And the second adsorption / desorption device A / B2. The auxiliary adsorption / desorption device SubA / B has the same structure as the first and second adsorption / desorption devices on the condition that the adsorption capacity of the working medium (ammonia) is smaller than that of the first and second adsorption / desorption devices. It may be.

  With reference to FIG. 2, each operation process of the adsorption heat pump apparatus shown in FIG. 1 will be described. In FIG. 2, the flow paths of the high-temperature heat medium and the low-temperature heat medium from the external heat source are omitted, and the heating and cooling states are indicated by arrows.

  In this example, in [Step A], the first adsorbing / desorbing device A / B1 and the auxiliary adsorbing / desorbing device SubA / B are in the adsorption step, and are cooled by introducing a low-temperature heat medium for adsorption. The second adsorber / desorber A / B2 is in the desorption process and is heated with a desorption high temperature heat medium. The evaporator EVA is open to the first adsorption / desorption device A / B1 and the auxiliary adsorption / desorption device SubA / B, and both continuously adsorb the vapor of the working medium (ammonia) from the evaporator EVA. Yes. The second adsorption / desorption device A / B2 and the condenser CON in the desorption process are in an open state, and the condenser CON desorbs and sequentially liquefies the ammonia vapor sent. Next, the process B moves.

In [Step B], the first adsorption / desorption device A / B1 continues the adsorption step and the second adsorption / desorption device A / B2 continues the desorption step, but the auxiliary adsorption / desorption device SubA / B has the saturated adsorption amount. , The valve V6 is closed, and a high-temperature heat medium for desorption is charged and heated to enter the desorption process. Next, the process proceeds to step C.

In [Step C], the first adsorption / desorption device A / B1 reaches the saturated adsorption amount and enters the desorption step, and the auxiliary adsorption / desorption device SubA / B continues the desorption step. The second adsorption / desorption device A / B2 is completely desorbed and enters the adsorption process. When the valve V3 is opened and the first adsorption / desorption device A / B1 and the auxiliary adsorption / desorption device SubA / B are opened, high-temperature and high-pressure ammonia vapor is first absorbed from the auxiliary adsorption / desorption device SubA / B. It flows into the desorber A / B1, raises the temperature and pressure in the first adsorption / desorption device A / B1, and desorbs the ammonia adsorbed on the adsorbent in the first adsorption / desorption device A / B1. Facilitate. In this state, the first adsorption / desorption device A / B1 and the auxiliary adsorption / desorption device SubA / B are heated by a high temperature heat medium for desorption, and the second adsorption / desorption device A / B2 is a low temperature heat medium for adsorption. It is cooled by. Next, the process proceeds to step D.

In [Step D], the second adsorption / desorption device A / B2 and the auxiliary adsorption / desorption device SubA / B are in the adsorption step, and the first adsorption / desorption device A / B1 is in the desorption step. The evaporator EVA is open to the second adsorption / desorption device A / B2 and the auxiliary adsorption / desorption device SubA / B, and both continuously adsorb ammonia vapor from the evaporator EVA. The valve V1 is opened, and the first adsorption / desorption device A / B1 and the condenser CON in the desorption process are opened. In step C, the first adsorption / desorption device A / B1 has a relatively higher pressure than the condenser CON, and when the valve V1 is opened, the first adsorption / desorption device A / B1 from the condenser CON. There is no phenomenon that ammonia vapor flows backward. For this purpose, the ammonia vapor desorbed by the first adsorption / desorption device A / B1 is quickly sent to the condenser CON, and the condenser CON sequentially liquefies the ammonia vapor. At this time, the second adsorption / desorption device A / B2 and the auxiliary adsorption / desorption device SubA / B are cooled by a low-temperature heat medium for adsorption, and the first adsorption / desorption device A / B1 is a high-temperature heat medium for desorption. It is heated. Next, the process moves to step E.

In [Step E], the second adsorption / desorption device A / B2 continues the adsorption step, the first adsorption / desorption device A / B1 continues the desorption step, and the auxiliary adsorption / desorption device SubA / B reaches the saturated adsorption amount. V6 is closed and enters the desorption process. The second adsorption / desorption device A / B2 and the evaporator EVA are open, and the second adsorption / desorption device A / B2 continues adsorption of ammonia vapor. The first adsorption / desorption device A / B1 is open to the condenser CON, and the desorbed ammonia vapor is sequentially liquefied by the condenser CON. At this time, the second adsorption / desorption device A / B2 is cooled by a low-temperature heat medium for adsorption, and the auxiliary adsorption / desorption device SubA / B and the first adsorption / desorption device A / B1 are desorption high-temperature heat media. It is heated. Next, the process moves to step F.

In [Step F], the second adsorption / desorption device A / B2 reaches the saturated adsorption amount and enters the desorption step, and the auxiliary adsorption / desorption device SubA / B continues the desorption step. The first adsorption / desorption device A / B1 enters the adsorption process because the desorption is completed. When the valve V4 is opened and the second adsorption / desorption device A / B2 and the auxiliary adsorption / desorption device SubA / B are opened, high-temperature and high-pressure ammonia vapor is supplied from the auxiliary adsorption / desorption device SubA / B to the second adsorption / desorption device SubA / B. It flows into the desorber A / B2, increases the temperature and pressure in the second adsorption / desorption device A / B2, and desorbs the ammonia adsorbed on the adsorbent in the second adsorption / desorption device A / B2. Facilitate. In this state, the second adsorption / desorption device A / B2 and the auxiliary adsorption / desorption device SubA / B are heated by a desorption high temperature heat medium, and the first adsorption / desorption device A / B1 is an adsorption low temperature heat medium. It is cooled by. Next, the process proceeds to step A.

  By repeating the above steps A to F, the operation is continued. In the adsorption heat pump apparatus having the above apparatus configuration, as described in the step D, when the first adsorption / desorption device A / B1 in the adsorption process is switched to the desorption step, the first adsorption / desorption device A / B1 The pressure is relatively higher than that of the condenser CON due to the presence of the auxiliary adsorption / desorption device SubA / B, and the phenomenon in which ammonia flows backward from the condenser CON to the first adsorption / desorption device A / B1 is Does not occur. In addition, when the process moves from the process F to the process A, that is, when the second adsorption / desorption device A / B2 in the adsorption process is switched to the desorption process, the pressure of the second adsorption / desorption device A / B2 is changed to the auxiliary adsorption / desorption device. Due to the presence of the desorber SubA / B, the pressure is relatively higher than that of the condenser CON, and a phenomenon in which ammonia flows backward from the condenser CON to the second adsorption / desorption apparatus A / B1 does not occur.

  FIG. 3 is a system diagram showing an example when the adsorption heat pump apparatus having the apparatus configuration described in FIGS. 1 and 2 is used in an actual machine. In addition, the switching state of each valve | bulb shown is the state of the process C in FIG. In FIG. 3, the first adsorption / desorption device A / B1 is indicated by 1A, the second adsorption / desorption device A / B2 is indicated by 1B, and the auxiliary adsorption / desorption device SubA / B is indicated by 2. 3 is an evaporator EVA and 4 is a condenser CON.

  The first adsorption / desorption device 1A, the second adsorption / desorption device 1B, and the auxiliary adsorption / desorption device 2 have adsorbent beds 8, 9, and 10 containing an adsorbent (for example, activated carbon), and the inside is a heat exchange pipe. 8a, 9a, 10a are running. P is a gift pump for a high-temperature heat medium or a low-temperature heat medium.

  The evaporator 3 is selectively passed to the working medium (ammonia) adsorption side of either the first adsorption / desorption device 1A or the second adsorption / desorption device 1B via the working medium flow channel 11 and the flow channel switching valve V2. The condenser 4 is not connected to either the first adsorption / desorption device 1A or the second adsorption / desorption device 1B via the working medium flow channel 11 and the flow channel switching valve V1. And a state of being connected to one of the working medium discharge sides. The evaporator 3 and the condenser 4 are connected via the working medium circulation path 13 and the expansion valve 10, and the working medium flows from the condenser 4 to the evaporator 3 side. In the evaporator 3, a cooling heat exchanger 6 pipe that exchanges heat with the latent heat of evaporation of the working medium (ammonia) runs.

  The auxiliary adsorption / desorption device 2 has its adsorption side connected to the evaporator 3 via a working medium flow path 14 and a valve V61 (corresponding to the valve V6 in FIG. 1), and the discharge side is connected to the working medium flow path 15. In addition, the first adsorbing / desorbing device 1A and the second adsorbing / desorbing device 1B are selectively connected via a flow path switching valve V9.

  Each of the heat exchange pipes 8a, 9a, 10a is cooled by the high-temperature heat medium heated by the high-temperature heat source exchanger 7 and the low-temperature heat medium cooling heat exchanger 5 by appropriately switching the flow path switching valves V3 to V8. Any one of the low-temperature heat mediums is selectively supplied through the high-temperature heat medium flow path 16 or the low-temperature heat medium flow path 17.

  The operation state in the system diagram shown in FIG. 3 will be described with the state of the process C in FIG. The first adsorbing / desorbing device 1A and the auxiliary adsorbing / desorbing device 2 are in a desorbing process in a state where the working medium (ammonia) is saturated and adsorbed. The high temperature heat medium circulates through the high temperature heat medium flow path 16, the flow path switching valve V3, the heat exchange pipe 8a, and the flow path switching valve V4 to heat the adsorbent bed 8. The working medium flow path 12 on the discharge side of the first adsorption / desorption device 1A is closed. Also in the auxiliary adsorption / desorption device 2, the high-temperature heat medium circulates through the high-temperature heat medium flow path 16, the flow path switching valve V7, the heat exchange pipe 10a, and the flow path switch valve V8 to heat the adsorbent bed 10a. The desorption process is continued.

  The flow path switching valve V9 is in a position where the first adsorption / desorption device 1A and the auxiliary adsorption / desorption device 2 communicate with each other, and high-temperature and high-pressure ammonia vapor from the auxiliary adsorption / desorption device 2 passes through the working medium flow channel 15. Flow into the first adsorption / desorption device 1A, increase the temperature and pressure of the first adsorption / desorption device 1A, and promote the desorption of ammonia adsorbed on the adsorbent in the first adsorption / desorption device 1A. ing. In this state, the valve V61 is closed. In the next step, as described in the step D of FIG. 2, the flow switching valve V1 is operated to connect the first adsorption / desorption device 1A to the condenser 4. The pressure in the desorber 1A is sufficiently high so that ammonia does not flow backward from the condenser 4.

  In the evaporator 3, the ammonia sent from the condenser 4 evaporates, and the refrigerant cooled by the latent heat of evaporation is used for cooling the room by the cooling heat exchanger 6. The evaporated ammonia vapor is sent to the second adsorption / desorption device 1B via the working medium circulation path 11 and the flow path switching valve V2, where it is adsorbed by the adsorbent. In the second adsorption / desorption device 1B, the low-temperature heat medium cooled by the low-temperature heat medium cooling heat exchanger 5 includes the low-temperature heat medium flow path 17, the flow path switching valve V6, the heat exchange pipe 9a, and the flow path switching. Circulating through the valve V5, the second adsorption / desorption device 1B is cooled to promote adsorption. As described with reference to FIG. 2, when the auxiliary adsorption / desorption device 2 is in the adsorption process, the valve 61 is opened, and the ammonia vapor evaporated in the evaporator 3 passes through the working medium flow path 14 and is thus supported. The auxiliary adsorption / desorption device 2 is brought into a saturated adsorption state.

  Next, a second embodiment of the adsorption heat pump apparatus according to the present invention will be described. FIG. 4 is a block diagram of the adsorption heat pump of the second embodiment, and FIG. 5 is a state diagram in each step of adsorption / desorption of the adsorption heat pump apparatus shown in FIG. FIG. 6 shows an example in which the adsorption heat pump apparatus shown in FIG. 4 is used in an actual machine.

  FIG. 4 is a view corresponding to FIG. 1, and members having the same functions are denoted by the same reference numerals. This adsorption heat pump apparatus also uses the same auxiliary adsorption / desorption device SubA / B as the adsorption heat pump apparatus of the first embodiment, but the connection method is different. That is, here, as shown in FIG. 4, the auxiliary adsorption / desorption device SubA / B has its adsorption side connected to the condenser CON of the apparatus via a valve V8, and its discharge side to the apparatus via a valve V9. Are connected to one of the adsorption / desorption devices (second adsorption / desorption device A / B2 in this example).

  With reference to FIG. 5, each operation process of the adsorption heat pump apparatus shown in FIG. 4 will be described. In FIG. 5, as in the case of FIG. 1, the flow paths of the high-temperature heat medium and the low-temperature heat medium from the external heat source are omitted, and the heating and cooling states are indicated by arrows.

In [Step A], the first adsorption / desorption device A / B1 reaches the saturated adsorption amount and enters the desorption step, and the second adsorption / desorption device A / B2 and the auxiliary adsorption / desorption device SubA / B are in the adsorption step. That is, the evaporator EVA is in an open state with the second adsorption / desorption device A / B2, and the second adsorption / desorption device A / B2 continuously adsorbs the ammonia vapor as the working medium. The condenser CON is in an open state with the auxiliary adsorption / desorption device SubA / B, and the ammonia inside the condenser CON is adsorbed by the adsorbent in the auxiliary adsorption / desorption device SubA / B, so that the inside of the condenser CON is decompressed. . Here, the first adsorption / desorption device A / B1 is heated by a desorption high-temperature heat medium, and the second adsorption / desorption device A / B2 and the auxiliary adsorption / desorption device SubA / B are cooled by a low-temperature heat medium for adsorption. ing. Next, the process proceeds to step B.

In [Process B], the first adsorption / desorption device A / B1 opens the valve V1 and continues the desorption process. In step A, the ammonia vapor in the condenser CON is adsorbed by the adsorbent in the auxiliary adsorption / desorption device SubA / B, so that the pressure in the condenser CON has already been reduced, and the first adsorption / desorption device A / B1 Is at a relatively higher pressure than the condenser CON. Therefore, when the valve V1 is opened, ammonia does not flow back from the condenser CON to the first adsorption / desorption device A / B1, and ammonia vapor is desorbed by the first adsorption / desorption device A / B1. Is promptly sent to the condenser CON, and ammonia vapor is sequentially liquefied in the condenser CON. The second adsorption / desorption device A / B2 continues the adsorption process, and the auxiliary adsorption / desorption device SubA / B reaches the saturated adsorption amount, and the valve V8 is closed to enter the desorption process. Here, the first adsorption / desorption device A / B1 and the auxiliary adsorption / desorption device SubA / B are heated by a high-temperature heat medium, and the second adsorption / desorption device A / B2 is cooled by a low-temperature heat medium. Next, the process proceeds to step C.

In [Step C], the desorption of the first adsorption / desorption device A / B1 is completed and the adsorption step is started, and the second adsorption / desorption device A / B2 reaches the saturated adsorption amount and is in the desorption step. The auxiliary adsorption / desorption device SubA / B continues the desorption process. The first adsorption / desorption device A / B1 is in an open state with the evaporator EVA and adsorbs ammonia vapor. When the valve V9 is opened and the second adsorption / desorption device A / B2 and the auxiliary adsorption / desorption device SubA / B are opened, high-temperature and high-pressure ammonia vapor is supplied from the auxiliary adsorption / desorption device SubA / B to the second adsorption / desorption device SubA / B. It flows into the desorber A / B2, increases the temperature and pressure in the second adsorption / desorption device A / B2, and desorbs the ammonia adsorbed on the adsorbent in the second adsorption / desorption device A / B2. Facilitate. In this state, the first adsorption / desorption device A / B1 is cooled by the low temperature heat medium, and the second adsorption / desorption device A / B2 and the auxiliary adsorption / desorption device SubA / B are heated by the high temperature heat medium. Next, the process proceeds to step D.

In [Step D], the first adsorption / desorption device A / B1 continues the adsorption step, and the second adsorption / desorption device A / B2 opens the valve V2 and opens with the condenser CON, and continues desorption. In step C, high-temperature and high-pressure ammonia vapor flows from the auxiliary adsorption / desorption device SubA / B into the second adsorption / desorption device A / B2 to increase the temperature and pressure in the second adsorption / desorption device A / B2. Therefore, when the valve V2 is opened, ammonia does not flow backward from the condenser CON to the second adsorption / desorption device A / B1. The ammonia vapor desorbed by the second adsorption / desorption device A / B2 is promptly sent to the condenser CON, and the ammonia vapor is sequentially liquefied in the condenser CON. At this time, the auxiliary adsorption / desorption device SubA / B is completely desorbed and is in the adsorption step. The first adsorption / desorption device A / B1 and the auxiliary adsorption / desorption device SubA / B are cooled by a low-temperature heat medium, and the second adsorption / desorption device A / B2 is heated by a high-temperature heat medium. Next, the process proceeds to step A.

  By repeating the above steps A to D, the operation is continued. Even in the adsorption heat pump apparatus having the above-described apparatus configuration, when the first or second adsorption / desorption device in the adsorption process is switched to the desorption process, the internal pressure is relatively In addition, the pressure is higher than that of the condenser CON, and there is no phenomenon in which ammonia flows backward from the condenser CON to the first or second adsorption / desorption device. Therefore, like the apparatus of the first embodiment, the adsorption / desorption cycle in the adsorption / desorption device is shortened, the operation efficiency of the adsorption heat pump apparatus is improved, and the heat transfer amount (cold power output) is increased. Can be planned.

  FIG. 6 corresponds to the system diagram shown in FIG. 3 and shows an example in which the adsorption heat pump apparatus according to the second embodiment described in FIGS. 4 and 5 is used in an actual machine. FIG. 6 shows the state of step A in FIG. In the system diagram shown in FIG. 6, except for the connection mode of the auxiliary adsorption / desorption device 2, the other configurations are the same as those in the system diagram shown in FIG. Therefore, members having the same functions as those shown in FIG.

  As described above, in the adsorption heat pump apparatus of the second embodiment, the auxiliary adsorption / desorption device 2 condenses the adsorption side via the working medium flow path 18 and the valve V81 (corresponding to the valve V8 in FIG. 4). The discharge side is connected to the second adsorption / desorption device 1B via the working medium flow path 19 and the valve V91 (corresponding to the valve V9 in FIG. 4).

  The system diagram shown in FIG. 6 will be described with reference to the state of step A in FIG. The first adsorption / desorption device 1A is in a desorption process in which the working medium (ammonia) is saturated and adsorbed, and the high-temperature heat medium heated by the high-temperature heat source exchanger 7 is switched to the high-temperature heat medium flow channel 16 The adsorbent bed 8 is heated by circulating through the valve V3, the heat exchange pipe 8a, and the flow path switching valve V4. The working medium flow path 11 on the adsorption side of the first adsorption / desorption device 1 </ b> A is closed and not connected to the evaporator 3. The working medium flow path 12 on the discharge side is also closed and not connected to the condenser 4.

  The second adsorption / desorption device 1B is in the adsorption process, and is connected to the evaporator 3 via the working medium flow path 11 and the flow path switching valve V2, and continuously adsorbs ammonia vapor. The working medium flow path 13 on the discharge side of the second adsorption / desorption device 1B is closed and not connected to the condenser 4.

  The auxiliary adsorption / desorption device 2 is in the adsorption process, and the adsorption side is connected to the condenser 4 via the working medium flow path 18 and the valve V81, and the ammonia vapor in the condenser 4 is adsorbed by the adsorbent in the auxiliary adsorption / desorption device 2. Adsorption is performed to reduce the internal pressure of the condenser 4. The discharge side of the auxiliary adsorption / desorption device 2 is connected to the second adsorption / desorption device 1B via the working medium flow path 19 and the valve V91. At this time, the valve V91 is closed and is not in communication.

  In the second adsorption / desorption device 1B in the adsorption process, the low temperature heat medium cooled by the low temperature heat medium cooling heat exchanger 5 is supplied with the low temperature heat medium flow path 17, the flow path switching valve V6, and the heat exchange pipe 9a. The adsorbent bed 9 is circulated through the flow path switching valve V5, and the low temperature heat medium cooled by the low temperature heat medium cooling heat exchanger 5 is also cooled in the auxiliary adsorption / desorption device 2. The adsorption bed 10a is cooled by circulating through the low-temperature heat medium flow path 17, the flow path switching valve V8, the heat exchange pipe 10a, and the flow path switching valve V7. Thereby, adsorption is promoted.

  In this state, as described in the step B, the flow switching valve V1 is operated to connect the first adsorption / desorption device 1A to the condenser 4, but the internal pressure of the condenser 4 is the auxiliary adsorption / desorption. It is sufficiently low due to the presence of the vessel 2, and ammonia does not flow backward from the condenser 4 to the first adsorption / desorption device 1A.

  As described in the above steps C and D, when the second adsorption / desorption device 1B becomes saturated adsorption and the second adsorption / desorption device 1B is switched to the desorption step, the valve V91 is opened just before the auxiliary adsorption / desorption device 2 Is connected to the second adsorption / desorption device 1B. At that time, the auxiliary adsorption / desorption device 2 is in a saturated adsorption state, and the heating medium for desorption is heated and pressurized by circulating through the heat exchange pipe 10a. The ammonia gas immediately flows into the second adsorption / desorption device 1B. As a result, since the internal pressure of the second adsorption / desorption device 1B becomes high, when the second adsorption / desorption device 1B is connected to the condenser 4 by operating the flow path switching valve V1, the second adsorption / desorption device 1B can be Ammonia does not flow back into the adsorption / desorption device 1B.

The block diagram of the 1st form of the adsorption heat pump apparatus by this invention. The state diagram in each process of adsorption / desorption of the adsorption heat pump apparatus shown in FIG. The system diagram which shows the example which used the adsorption | suction type heat pump apparatus shown in FIG. 1 for an actual machine. The block diagram of the 2nd form of the adsorption heat pump apparatus by this invention. The state figure in each process of adsorption / desorption of the adsorption | suction type heat pump apparatus shown in FIG. The system diagram which shows the example which used the adsorption | suction type heat pump apparatus shown in FIG. 4 for the actual machine. The block diagram of the adsorption type heat pump apparatus which uses ammonia as a conventional working medium.

Explanation of symbols

A / B1, 1A ... first adsorber / desorber, A / B2, 1B ... second adsorber / desorber, SubA / B, 2 ... auxiliary adsorber / desorber, EVA, 3 ... evaporator, CON, 4 ... condenser

Claims (2)

The working medium is ammonia, and includes at least a first and second adsorbing / desorbing device, a condenser, and an evaporator that form a pair containing an adsorbent for the working medium, and the first adsorbing / desorbing device is a desorbing step. When the working medium adsorbed by the adsorbent is desorbed toward the condenser, the second adsorbing / desorbing device is in the adsorption step so that the working medium evaporated by the evaporator is adsorbed to the adsorbent. An adsorption heat pump apparatus configured to switch between the desorption process and the adsorption process in the first and second adsorption / desorption devices at a predetermined interval,
The apparatus further includes an auxiliary adsorption / desorption device having a smaller adsorption capacity than the first and second adsorption / desorption devices, the auxiliary adsorption / desorption device having an adsorption side connected to the evaporator of the device via a valve, and a discharge An adsorption heat pump apparatus characterized in that the side can be selectively connected to both the first and second adsorption / desorption devices of the apparatus through a valve. The working medium is ammonia, and includes at least a pair of adsorption / desorption devices containing a working medium adsorbent, a condenser, and an evaporator. The first adsorption / desorption device is in the desorption process, and the adsorbent is adsorbed. The second adsorbing / desorbing device is in the adsorption process so that the working medium evaporated in the evaporator is adsorbed to the adsorbent when the working medium is discharged toward the condenser, An adsorption heat pump device configured to switch between a desorption process and an adsorption process in the first and second adsorption / desorption devices at intervals,
The apparatus further includes an auxiliary adsorption / desorption device, and the auxiliary adsorption / desorption device has an adsorption side connected to a condenser of the apparatus via a valve, and a discharge side of any one of the apparatus via the valve An adsorption heat pump device characterized by being connected to

Images