JP2006297189A - Floccuration/sedimentation composition and waste water purifying method using the same - Google Patents

Floccuration/sedimentation composition and waste water purifying method using the same Download PDF

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JP2006297189A
JP2006297189A JP2005118352A JP2005118352A JP2006297189A JP 2006297189 A JP2006297189 A JP 2006297189A JP 2005118352 A JP2005118352 A JP 2005118352A JP 2005118352 A JP2005118352 A JP 2005118352A JP 2006297189 A JP2006297189 A JP 2006297189A
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Masaaki Kagami
正明 加賀美
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CAR MUSCAT KK
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a flocculation/sedimentaion composition for flocculating and sedimenting suspensible substances in wastewater, wherein cohesion is highly quickly acted to promptly separate solid and liquid. <P>SOLUTION: The flocculation/sedimentaion composition for flocculating and sedimenting suspensible substances in wastewater, is powder-like and contains calcium carbonate of 50-80 wt.% of the total composition amount, silicon dioxide of 5-10 wt.%, aluminum sulfate of 3-5 wt.%, and water-soluble polysaccharide of 5-25 wt.%. It is suitable that the water-soluble polysaccharide is corn starch. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

本発明は、汚水中の懸濁性物質を凝集させ沈殿させる凝集沈殿組成物及びこれを用いた汚水浄化方法に関する。   The present invention relates to a coagulating sediment composition for coagulating and precipitating suspended substances in sewage and a sewage purification method using the same.

水不足の時期や災害発生時等においては、河川や池の水、雨水等も生活用水として利用する必要が生じる場合がある。通常、このような水の中には、粒径数十μm未満の種々の懸濁性物質の微粒子が浮遊しており、見た目にも濁っていることが多い。本明細書では、このような懸濁性物質の浮遊する水全般を「汚水」と称することとする。汚水中にある容易に沈殿しない微粒子を互いに凝集させあるいは絡め取ることにより、大きな粒子またはフロックを形成して沈殿させる薬剤が、凝集剤または凝集沈殿剤である。   In times of water shortage or disasters, river and pond water, rainwater, etc. may need to be used as domestic water. Usually, in such water, fine particles of various suspending substances having a particle diameter of less than several tens of μm are suspended and often appear cloudy. In this specification, the whole water in which such a suspended substance floats is referred to as “sewage”. The agent that forms large particles or flocs by agglomerating or entwining the fine particles that do not easily precipitate in the sewage to each other is a coagulant or coagulant precipitant.

凝集剤による汚水処理は、他の膜分離・濾過処理や化学反応処理等の高レベルの汚水処理に比べて低コストであるので、簡易な汚水処理手段として広く利用されている。飲料用に適する程の高レベルの浄化を目的とする場合は別として、上述したような河川の水や雨水を生活用水として利用する目的であれば、低コストで簡易な汚水処理が望ましい。   The sewage treatment with a flocculant is widely used as a simple sewage treatment means because it is less expensive than other high-level sewage treatments such as membrane separation / filtration treatment and chemical reaction treatment. Apart from the purpose of high-level purification suitable for beverages, low-cost and simple sewage treatment is desirable for the purpose of using river water and rainwater as described above as domestic water.

従来の一般的な凝集剤として、無機系では、ポリ塩化アルミニウム、硫酸バンド等がある。無機系凝集剤は、懸濁粒子の帯電を中和して分子間引力で凝集させる機構である。一方、有機系では、合成有機高分子(アクリルアミド系等)、天然有機高分子(アルギン酸ソーダ等)がある。高分子凝集剤は、主として高分子鎖が懸濁粒子に絡みつくことにより、架橋凝集させる機構である。   Conventional inorganic flocculants include polyaluminum chloride and a sulfuric acid band in the inorganic system. An inorganic flocculant is a mechanism that neutralizes the charge of suspended particles and aggregates them by intermolecular attractive force. On the other hand, in organic systems, there are synthetic organic polymers (such as acrylamide) and natural organic polymers (such as sodium alginate). The polymer flocculant is a mechanism that causes cross-linking and aggregation mainly by entanglement of polymer chains with suspended particles.

上記のような従来の凝集剤による一般的な汚水浄化方法は、例えば、粉体の無機系凝集剤を処理水に添加することにより懸濁性物質を凝集させる前処理を行った後に、液状の高分子凝集剤を添加することにより処理水中の凝集物をフロックとして沈殿させる方法である。   The general sewage purification method using the conventional flocculant as described above is, for example, a liquid treatment after a pretreatment for aggregating a suspended substance by adding a powdery inorganic flocculant to the treated water. In this method, the aggregate in the treated water is precipitated as floc by adding a polymer flocculant.

その他の方法として、特許文献1には、前処理として軟質炭酸カルシウム粉末を懸濁汚水中に添加し、その後ポリ塩化アルミニウムと高分子からなる凝集剤を添加することにより懸濁粒子をフロック状に凝集させて分離する方法が開示されている。   As another method, in Patent Document 1, as a pretreatment, soft calcium carbonate powder is added to suspended waste water, and then a flocculant is formed by adding a flocculant composed of polyaluminum chloride and a polymer. A method of aggregating and separating is disclosed.

また、特許文献2には、廃水を浄化して河川等に放流できる清浄水とする凝集剤が開示されており、当該凝集剤は、硫酸カルシウム40〜60重量%、硫酸アルミニウム20〜40重量%、炭酸ナトリウム10〜30重量%、炭酸カルシウム5〜10重量%、カチオン系高分子凝集剤1〜3重量%からなる。
特開平10−277309号公報 特開2004−313857号公報
Patent Document 2 discloses a flocculant that purifies wastewater and makes it clean water that can be discharged into a river or the like. The flocculant is composed of 40 to 60% by weight of calcium sulfate and 20 to 40% by weight of aluminum sulfate. Sodium carbonate 10 to 30% by weight, calcium carbonate 5 to 10% by weight, and cationic polymer flocculant 1 to 3% by weight.
JP-A-10-277309 JP 2004-313857 A

上記の特許文献1及び2に例示するように、従来の凝集剤または凝集沈殿剤並びにこれらを用いた汚水浄化方法は、非常に多種多様であるがそれぞれ一長一短がある。   As exemplified in Patent Documents 1 and 2 above, conventional flocculants or flocculant precipitants and sewage purification methods using them are very diverse, but each has advantages and disadvantages.

無機系凝集剤である硫酸バンドやポリ塩化アルミニウムは、水道原水の浄化や下水処理等に広く用いられてきたが、懸濁粒子の帯電を中和して分子間引力で凝集させる機構であるため、大きなフロックを形成するほどの凝集力はないという欠点がある。   Sulfuric acid bands and polyaluminum chloride, which are inorganic flocculants, have been widely used for purification of raw tap water and sewage treatment, but they are mechanisms that neutralize the charge of suspended particles and aggregate them by intermolecular attractive force. However, there is a drawback in that there is no cohesive force to form large flocs.

合成有機高分子であるアクリルアミド系は、凝集力が高く使用量が少なくてすむため幅広く利用されているが、原料のアクリルアミドに毒性があるため、大量に使用する場合の安全性が問題となる。   Acrylamides, which are synthetic organic polymers, are widely used because of their high cohesive force and low usage, but the acrylamide used as a raw material is toxic, and safety when used in large quantities becomes a problem.

天然有機高分子であるアルギン酸ソーダ等は、主剤としてではなく、無機系凝集剤を用いる際に大きなフロックを形成するための凝集助剤として使用されている。   Sodium alginate, which is a natural organic polymer, is used not as a main agent but as an agglomeration aid for forming large flocs when an inorganic flocculant is used.

また、無機系凝集剤を混合すると、処理水のpHが大きく変動し、酸性かアルカリ性に片寄る結果となることがある。有機高分子の凝集剤にもアニオン性またはカチオン性のイオン系のものが多いため、同様に処理水のpHを変動させることがある。従って、河川等に流したり生活用水として利用する場合は、中和処理が必要となる場合がある。   Further, when an inorganic flocculant is mixed, the pH of the treated water greatly fluctuates, which may result in a shift to acidity or alkalinity. Since many organic polymer flocculants are anionic or cationic ionic, the pH of the treated water may be similarly changed. Accordingly, neutralization may be necessary when flowing into rivers or the like or for use as domestic water.

さらに、従来の凝集剤を用いた汚水浄化方法の多くは、前処理や後処理を必要とする複雑な工程からなり、そのため、作業負担が大きかったり、時間がかかったりしていた。   Furthermore, many of the conventional methods for purifying sewage using a flocculant consist of complicated processes that require pre-treatment and post-treatment. Therefore, the work load is large and it takes time.

以上の現状に鑑み、本発明の目的は、汚水中の懸濁性物質を凝集させ沈殿させる凝集沈殿組成物において、凝集力が高く、迅速に作用し、かつ一度に大量の固液分離処理ができるものを提供することである。
上記に加えて本発明は、処理水のpHに影響を与えず、安全性があり、環境にも好ましい凝集沈殿組成物を提供すること目的とする。
上記に加えて本発明は、低コストに製造でき、簡易に使用できる凝集沈殿組成物を提供することを目的とする。
またさらに、本発明は、上記のような凝集沈殿組成物を用いて簡易かつ迅速に汚水中の懸濁性物質を凝集沈殿させることができる、汚水浄化方法を提供することを目的とする。
In view of the above situation, the object of the present invention is to provide a coagulation precipitation composition that aggregates and precipitates suspended substances in sewage. It is to provide what can be done.
In addition to the above, an object of the present invention is to provide an agglomerated precipitation composition that does not affect the pH of treated water, is safe, and is favorable to the environment.
In addition to the above, an object of the present invention is to provide an aggregated precipitation composition that can be produced at low cost and can be used easily.
Still another object of the present invention is to provide a sewage purification method capable of coagulating and precipitating suspended substances in sewage simply and quickly using the above-described flocculation composition.

上記の目的を達成するべく本発明は、以下の構成を提供する。
(1)請求項1に係る発明は、汚水中の懸濁性物質を凝集させ沈殿させる凝集沈殿組成物において、
前記凝集沈殿組成物が粉体状であってかつ全組成物量に対して50〜85重量%の炭酸カルシウムと、5〜10重量%の二酸化ケイ素と、3〜5重量%の硫酸アルミニウムと、5〜25重量%の水溶性多糖類とを含むことを特徴とする。
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following configurations.
(1) The invention according to claim 1 is a flocculating precipitation composition for flocculating and precipitating suspended substances in wastewater.
The agglomerated precipitation composition is in powder form and is 50 to 85% by weight calcium carbonate, 5 to 10% by weight silicon dioxide, 3 to 5% by weight aluminum sulfate, and 5% based on the total amount of the composition. It contains ˜25% by weight of water-soluble polysaccharide.

(2)請求項2に係る発明は、請求項1の凝集沈殿組成物において、前記炭酸カルシウムと前記水溶性多糖類の重量比が4:1であることを特徴とする。 (2) The invention according to claim 2 is characterized in that, in the aggregated precipitation composition of claim 1, the weight ratio of the calcium carbonate to the water-soluble polysaccharide is 4: 1.

(3)請求項3に係る発明は、請求項1または2の凝集沈殿組成物において、前記水溶性多糖類がコンスターチであることを特徴とする。 (3) The invention according to claim 3 is characterized in that, in the aggregated precipitation composition according to claim 1 or 2, the water-soluble polysaccharide is a starch.

(4)請求項4に係る発明は、請求項1〜3のいずれかに記載の凝集沈殿組成物を汚水に添加し、撹拌することにより、該汚水中の懸濁性物質を分離することを特徴とする汚水浄化方法である。 (4) The invention according to claim 4 is to add the agglomerated precipitation composition according to any one of claims 1 to 3 to the sewage and stir to separate the suspended substances in the sewage. This is a featured sewage purification method.

(5)請求項5に係る発明は、請求項4に記載の汚水浄化方法において、前記凝集沈殿組成物を汚水に添加する前に、該凝集沈殿組成物を構成する粉体を帯電させることを特徴とする。 (5) The invention according to claim 5 is the sewage purification method according to claim 4, wherein the powder constituting the aggregated precipitation composition is charged before the aggregated precipitation composition is added to the wastewater. Features.

請求項1に係る凝集沈殿組成物は、粉体状であって全組成物量の50〜85重量%の炭酸カルシウムと、5〜10重量%の二酸化ケイ素と、3〜5重量%の硫酸アルミニウムと、5〜25重量%の水溶性多糖類とを含む。全体が粉体状であるので取扱い及び運搬が容易である。   The agglomerated precipitation composition according to claim 1 is in the form of powder and is 50 to 85% by weight of calcium carbonate, 5 to 10% by weight of silicon dioxide, and 3 to 5% by weight of aluminum sulfate. 5 to 25% by weight of a water-soluble polysaccharide. Since the whole is powdery, it is easy to handle and transport.

例えば、本発明の凝集沈殿組成物を、処理対象の汚水に対して適宜の量だけ添加し撹拌すると、数秒〜数分程度で固体と液体に完全分離する。尚、同条件で従来の合成有機高分子の凝集剤を用いた場合、同程度に完全分離するまで数十分程度かかる。試験結果を平均すると、処理対象の汚水の量及び濁度並びに凝集沈殿組成物の量を同条件とした場合、本発明の凝集沈殿組成物は、従来の一般的な合成有機高分子の凝集剤に比べてほぼ10分の1程度の時間で、固体と液体に完全分離することが確認された。   For example, when the coagulated sediment composition of the present invention is added in an appropriate amount to the sewage to be treated and stirred, it is completely separated into a solid and a liquid in about several seconds to several minutes. When a conventional synthetic organic polymer flocculant is used under the same conditions, it takes several tens of minutes until complete separation to the same extent. When the test results are averaged, the amount of sewage to be treated and the turbidity and the amount of the aggregated precipitation composition are the same, and the aggregated precipitation composition of the present invention is a conventional general synthetic organic polymer flocculant. It was confirmed that the solid and liquid were completely separated in about one-tenth of the time.

本発明の凝集沈殿組成物の成分は、いずれも低コストで入手可能なものであるので製造原価も安い。   Since the components of the coagulation precipitation composition of the present invention are all available at low cost, the production cost is low.

また、本発明の凝集沈殿組成物は、イオン性の成分がないため、処理水のpHに影響を及ぼさない。さらに、高分子成分である水溶性多糖類は天然物であるので安全性が高く、沈殿凝集物は一般的な廃棄物として処理すればよいので環境にも好ましい。また、沈殿凝集物の成分によっては土壌改良剤等として有効な再利用もできる。従来の合成有機高分子からなる凝集剤は、沈殿凝集物を産業廃棄物として処理しなければならず、そのためのコストがかかっていた。   Moreover, since the aggregation precipitation composition of this invention does not have an ionic component, it does not affect the pH of treated water. Furthermore, since the water-soluble polysaccharide which is a polymer component is a natural product, it is highly safe, and the precipitated agglomerate may be treated as a general waste, which is preferable for the environment. In addition, depending on the components of the precipitate aggregate, it can be effectively reused as a soil conditioner or the like. A conventional flocculant composed of a synthetic organic polymer had to treat the precipitated agglomerates as industrial waste, which was expensive.

尚、従来の汚水浄化方法の中にも炭酸カルシウムを利用するものがある。例えば、前述の特許文献1及び特許文献2に記載の汚水浄化方法でも、炭酸カルシウムを用いている。   Some conventional methods for purifying sewage use calcium carbonate. For example, calcium carbonate is also used in the sewage purification methods described in Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2 described above.

しかしながら、特許文献1に記載の軟質炭酸カルシウム粉末は、凝集剤の成分として含まれるのではなく、凝集剤を添加する工程の前工程において添加することを特徴としている。加えて、特許文献1では軟質炭酸カルシウム粉末を凝集剤と同時に添加した場合は効果が得られないことが記載されている。よって、特許文献1に記載された炭酸カルシウムの利用は、本発明とは全く異なるものである。   However, the soft calcium carbonate powder described in Patent Document 1 is not included as a component of the flocculant, but is added before the step of adding the flocculant. In addition, Patent Document 1 describes that when a soft calcium carbonate powder is added simultaneously with a flocculant, no effect is obtained. Therefore, utilization of the calcium carbonate described in Patent Document 1 is completely different from the present invention.

また、特許文献2に記載の凝集剤は、炭酸カルシウムを全組成物量の5〜10重量%含むものであり、かつこれより量を多くしても効果に大きな変化はないと記載されている。さらに、特許文献2に記載の凝集剤は、水溶性多糖類を含まない。よって、特許文献2に記載の凝集剤は、本発明のものとは全く異なる組成物である。   Moreover, the flocculant described in Patent Document 2 contains 5 to 10% by weight of calcium carbonate in the total composition amount, and it is described that there is no significant change in effect even if the amount is increased. Furthermore, the flocculant described in Patent Document 2 does not contain a water-soluble polysaccharide. Therefore, the flocculant described in Patent Document 2 is a completely different composition from that of the present invention.

請求項2に係る凝集沈殿組成物は、請求項1において、炭酸カルシウムと水溶性多糖類の重量比が4:1である。このような比を満たす場合に、最も良好な凝集沈殿効果が得られた。尚、この比はプラスマイナス10%程度の誤差を含んでもよい。   The aggregated precipitation composition according to claim 2 is characterized in that, in claim 1, the weight ratio of calcium carbonate to water-soluble polysaccharide is 4: 1. When satisfying such a ratio, the best coagulation precipitation effect was obtained. This ratio may include an error of about plus or minus 10%.

請求項3に係る凝集沈殿組成物は、請求項1または2において、水溶性多糖類をコーンスターチとする。コーンスターチは、他の水溶性多糖類に比べて迅速な凝集沈殿作用を発揮する。   The aggregated precipitation composition according to claim 3 is the corn starch as the water-soluble polysaccharide in claim 1 or 2. Corn starch exhibits a quick coagulation and precipitation action compared to other water-soluble polysaccharides.

請求項4に係る汚水浄化方法は、請求項1〜3のいずれかの凝集沈殿組成物を処理対象の汚水に添加し、撹拌することで、迅速に懸濁性物質を凝集沈殿させ、固体と液体を分離することができる。本方法の凝集沈殿工程は単工程であり、複雑な前処理も後処理も必要ない。極めて簡易かつ短時間で実施できる。本発明の方法により浄化された水は、生活用水として十分利用できる。また、煮沸等の殺菌処理を行えば飲用に利用できる場合もある。   The sewage purification method according to claim 4 is a method of adding the agglomerated sediment composition of any one of claims 1 to 3 to the sewage to be treated and stirring to quickly agglomerate and precipitate the suspended substance, The liquid can be separated. The coagulation sedimentation step of this method is a single step and does not require complicated pretreatment or post treatment. It is extremely simple and can be carried out in a short time. The water purified by the method of the present invention can be sufficiently used as domestic water. Moreover, if sterilization processes, such as boiling, are performed, it may be utilized for drinking.

請求項5に係る汚水浄化方法は、請求項4における凝集沈殿組成物を汚水に添加する前に粉体を帯電させる。凝集沈殿組成物が帯電状態で汚水に添加、撹拌された場合、その凝集沈殿効果がさらに高まることが判明した。すなわち、より短時間で懸濁性物質の凝集沈殿が完了する。   In the sewage purification method according to claim 5, the powder is charged before the aggregated precipitation composition according to claim 4 is added to the sewage. It has been found that when the aggregated precipitation composition is added to the sewage in a charged state and stirred, the effect of the aggregated precipitation is further enhanced. That is, the aggregation and precipitation of the suspended substance is completed in a shorter time.

本発明による凝集沈殿組成物は、汚水中の懸濁性物質を凝集させ沈殿させる粉体状組成物である。懸濁性物質は、例えば、粒径数十μm未満の微粒子であり、水中で沈降することなく(または沈降に長時間を要し)浮遊している。これらの微粒子の実体は、泥や動植物断片等様々である。このような汚水は、通常、視覚的にも濁ってみえる。そのままでは、飲用にはもちろん、洗濯や洗浄等の生活用水にも適さない。   The agglomerated precipitation composition according to the present invention is a powdery composition for aggregating and precipitating suspended substances in wastewater. Suspended substances are, for example, fine particles having a particle size of less than several tens of μm, and are suspended without settling in water (or requiring a long time for settling). These fine particles have various substance such as mud and animal and plant fragments. Such sewage usually appears cloudy visually. As it is, it is not suitable for drinking, as well as water for daily use such as washing and washing.

本発明の処理対象となる汚水としては、例えば、河川や池の水、雨水や融雪水、建設土木工事現場で発生する泥廃水等である。尚、重金属や有害な化学物質等が含まれる場合における、それらの物質の排除については本発明の対象ではない。   Examples of the sewage to be treated in the present invention include river and pond water, rainwater and snowmelt water, and mud wastewater generated at construction civil engineering sites. In the case where heavy metals or harmful chemical substances are included, the exclusion of these substances is not the subject of the present invention.

本発明による凝集沈殿組成物は、全体が粉体状である。すなわち、各成分を含む物質は、いずれも乾燥した粉体からなる。典型的な粉体の場合、粒径が数十μm〜数百μm程度の範囲に分布している。本発明では、粉体の粒径範囲については特に限定しない。「粉体状」と特定したのは、従来の液状の凝集剤と区別するためである。従来の凝集剤による汚水浄化方法では、複数の工程において粉体状の凝集剤と液状の凝集剤とを組み合わせて用いることもあった。それに対し、本発明を汚水浄化に適用する場合、一定の組成からなる粉体状の凝集沈殿組成物のみを用いればよいので、取り扱いが極めて容易である。また、袋詰めすれば運搬も容易である。   The aggregated precipitation composition according to the present invention is in powder form as a whole. That is, each substance containing each component is made of a dry powder. In the case of a typical powder, the particle size is distributed in the range of about several tens of μm to several hundreds of μm. In the present invention, the particle size range of the powder is not particularly limited. The reason for specifying “powder” is to distinguish it from a conventional liquid flocculant. In the conventional sewage purification method using a flocculant, a powder flocculant and a liquid flocculant may be used in combination in a plurality of steps. On the other hand, when the present invention is applied to sewage purification, it is only necessary to use a powdery aggregated precipitation composition having a constant composition, and therefore, handling is extremely easy. In addition, it is easy to carry if packed in a bag.

本発明による凝集沈殿組成物の好適な組成においては、全組成物量に対して50〜85重量%の炭酸カルシウムと、5〜10重量%の二酸化ケイ素と、3〜5重量%の硫酸アルミニウムと、5〜25重量%の水溶性多糖類とを含む。特に、炭酸カルシウムと水溶性多糖類の重量比を4:1とした場合が最も好適である。尚、この比の値はプラスマイナス10%程度の誤差を含んでもよい。   In a preferred composition of the aggregated precipitation composition according to the invention, 50 to 85% by weight of calcium carbonate, 5 to 10% by weight of silicon dioxide, 3 to 5% by weight of aluminum sulfate, based on the total composition amount, 5 to 25% by weight of a water-soluble polysaccharide. In particular, the weight ratio of calcium carbonate to water-soluble polysaccharide is most preferably 4: 1. Note that the value of this ratio may include an error of about plus or minus 10%.

尚、炭酸カルシウムが50重量%未満の場合、二酸化ケイ素が5重量%未満の場合、そして硫酸アルミニウムが3重量%未満の場合は、上記の好適組成の場合に比べて凝集沈殿効果が低くなる。尚、上記の成分以外の微量成分が存在する場合、上記の「全組成物量」にはそれらの微量成分を含めない。微量成分は、例えば、炭酸ナトリウム、炭酸カリウム、炭酸マグネシウム等であり、各量は全組成物量に対して1%以下である。   In addition, when calcium carbonate is less than 50% by weight, when silicon dioxide is less than 5% by weight, and when aluminum sulfate is less than 3% by weight, the coagulation precipitation effect is lower than in the case of the above preferred composition. In addition, when trace components other than said component exist, those trace components are not included in said "total composition amount". A trace component is sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate, magnesium carbonate etc., for example, and each quantity is 1% or less with respect to the total composition quantity.

上記の組成範囲の凝集沈殿組成物によれば、例えば、数リットルの汚水(河川水等)に適量混合撹拌することにより、数秒で濁りが消失して透明となり、分離された固体すなわちフロックが沈殿する。尚、本発明による汚水浄化方法の実施例の詳細については後述する。   According to the coagulation precipitation composition of the above composition range, for example, by mixing and stirring a suitable amount in several liters of sewage (river water, etc.), the turbidity disappears in a few seconds and becomes transparent, and the separated solid, that is, flocs precipitate. To do. In addition, the detail of the Example of the sewage purification method by this invention is mentioned later.

本発明の凝集沈殿組成物において、最も大きな割合を占める成分は炭酸カルシウムである。炭酸カルシウムは、石灰岩ではほぼ100重量%を占め、貝殻ではほぼ90重量%以上を占める成分である。従って、これらの原料を粉砕して粉体状とすることにより、本発明の凝集沈殿組成物に利用できる。これらの原料は安価であり、特に貝殻は廃棄物として大量に生じるので有効に利用できる。   In the aggregated precipitation composition of the present invention, the component occupying the largest proportion is calcium carbonate. Calcium carbonate is a component that occupies approximately 100% by weight in limestone and approximately 90% by weight or more in shells. Therefore, these raw materials are pulverized into a powder form, and can be used for the aggregated precipitation composition of the present invention. These raw materials are inexpensive and, in particular, shells are produced in large quantities as waste and can be used effectively.

本発明の凝集沈殿組成物に含まれる水溶性多糖類は、天然高分子化合物の一種である。例えば、穀類、芋類、豆類等の澱粉及びその誘導体のなかで水溶性のものであればよい。具体例としては、コーンスターチ、グアーガムがある。特に、コーンスターチを用いた場合、良好な凝集沈殿効果が得られた。   The water-soluble polysaccharide contained in the aggregated precipitation composition of the present invention is a kind of natural polymer compound. For example, any water-soluble starch and derivatives thereof such as cereals, straws, and beans may be used. Specific examples include corn starch and guar gum. In particular, when corn starch was used, a good coagulation precipitation effect was obtained.

本発明による汚水浄化方法では、上記の凝集沈殿組成物を用いる。尚、使用する時点において、凝集沈殿組成物を構成する粉体が帯電していることが凝集沈殿効果を高めるために好適である。粉体は本来帯電し易いものであるから、例えば使用直前に粉体を掻き混ぜたり揺すったりするだけで十分に帯電させることができる。その後、処理対象の汚水に対して凝集沈殿組成物を適量添加し撹拌することにより、懸濁性物質を凝集させ沈殿させて汚水を浄化する。例えば、処理対象の汚水1000リットルに対して凝集沈殿組成物200gの割合で添加し、撹拌する。この程度の添加量における凝集分離開始から完全分離するまでに要する時間は、汚水の成分、濁度、撹拌速度等の条件にもよるが、通常、数秒程度である。尚、凝集速度が遅い場合など、状況によっては途中で凝集沈殿組成物を追加してもよい。   In the sewage purification method according to the present invention, the above aggregated precipitation composition is used. In addition, it is suitable for enhancing the coagulation precipitation effect that the powder constituting the coagulation precipitation composition is charged at the time of use. Since the powder is inherently easily charged, it can be sufficiently charged by, for example, stirring or shaking the powder immediately before use. Thereafter, an appropriate amount of an agglomerated sediment composition is added to the sewage to be treated and stirred to agglomerate and precipitate the suspended material to purify the sewage. For example, 200 g of the aggregated precipitation composition is added to 1000 liters of wastewater to be treated and stirred. The time required from the start of flocculation separation to complete separation at such an added amount is usually about several seconds, although it depends on conditions such as components of sewage, turbidity, and stirring speed. In some cases, such as when the agglomeration rate is slow, the agglomerated precipitation composition may be added during the process.

ここで「凝集分離開始」とは、フロックが形成され始める時点であり、「完全分離」とは、簡易試験では肉眼により透明性が確認された時点であり、厳密な試験では濁度の計測から判断して当初の懸濁性物質が98%以上分離された時点である。この完全分離の状態の濁度は、水道水質基準における概ね2度以下となる。濁度の計測は、一般的に吸光度、散乱光強度等を計測することにより行う。   Here, “aggregation separation start” is the time when flocs start to form, and “complete separation” is the time when transparency is confirmed by the naked eye in a simple test, and from a turbidity measurement in a rigorous test. Judgment is the time when 98% or more of the original suspended substance was separated. The turbidity in the state of complete separation is approximately 2 degrees or less according to the tap water quality standard. Turbidity is generally measured by measuring absorbance, scattered light intensity, and the like.

処理後の凝集沈殿物は、脱水した後、埋め立てにより廃棄される。また、凝集沈殿物の成分によっては、土壌改良剤等として再利用することが可能となる。本発明の凝集沈殿組成物は上澄み液のpHに影響しないが、その後の利用のために必要に応じてpH調整してもよい。   The aggregated precipitate after the treatment is dehydrated and then discarded by landfill. Depending on the components of the aggregated precipitate, it can be reused as a soil conditioner or the like. The aggregated precipitation composition of the present invention does not affect the pH of the supernatant, but may be adjusted as necessary for subsequent use.

(1)凝集沈殿組成物の配合例
以下の各成分はいずれも粉体状である。
・石灰岩等の粉砕物(炭酸カルシウム) 160g
・コーンスターチ 40g
・二酸化ケイ素 10g
・硫酸アルミニウム 8g
(2)調製方法
上記の各成分を混合する。
(1) Formulation example of coagulation precipitation composition Each of the following components is powdery.
・ Crushed limestone (calcium carbonate) 160g
・ Corn starch 40g
・ Silicon dioxide 10g
・ Aluminum sulfate 8g
(2) Preparation method The above components are mixed.

(1)凝集沈殿効果の試験1
・汚水試料:原水の量1000リットル(原水中の赤土量3000g、濃度3000ppm)
・凝集沈殿組成物:100g(炭酸カルシウム82重量%、二酸化ケイ素8重量%、硫酸アルミニウム5重量%、コーンスターチ5重量%)
・上記汚水試料に上記の本発明の凝集沈殿組成物を投入し、撹拌する。
(2)結果
撹拌開始後8〜10秒で凝集分離開始が観られ、撹拌開始後10分で完全分離した。完全分離後の濁度は、水道水質基準における2度以下であった。
尚、同条件で、一般に使用されている有機高分子凝集剤を100g使用した場合、完全分離まで約30分かかった。
(1) Test 1 for effect of coagulation sedimentation
-Wastewater sample: 1000 liters of raw water (amount of red soil in raw water 3000 g, concentration 3000 ppm)
Aggregated precipitation composition: 100 g (82% by weight calcium carbonate, 8% by weight silicon dioxide, 5% by weight aluminum sulfate, 5% by weight corn starch)
-The above flocculated sediment composition of the present invention is added to the sewage sample and stirred.
(2) Results Aggregation and separation start was observed 8 to 10 seconds after the start of stirring, and complete separation was performed 10 minutes after starting stirring. The turbidity after complete separation was 2 degrees or less according to the tap water quality standard.
Under the same conditions, when 100 g of a generally used organic polymer flocculant was used, it took about 30 minutes to complete separation.

(1)凝集沈殿効果の試験2
・汚水試料:原水の量1000リットル(原水中の赤土量3000g、濃度3000ppm)
・凝集沈殿組成物:200g(炭酸カルシウム72重量%、二酸化ケイ素6重量%、硫酸アルミニウム4重量%、コーンスターチ18重量%)
・上記汚水試料に上記の本発明の凝集沈殿組成物を添加し、撹拌する。
(2)結果
撹拌開始後、約5秒で凝集分離開始が観られ、撹拌開始後5分で完全分離した。完全分離後の濁度は、水道水質基準における2度以下であった。本例における凝集沈殿組成物の炭酸カルシウムとコーンスターチの重量比は4:1である。
(1) Test 2 for effect of coagulation sedimentation
-Wastewater sample: 1000 liters of raw water (amount of red soil in raw water 3000 g, concentration 3000 ppm)
Aggregated precipitation composition: 200 g (72% by weight of calcium carbonate, 6% by weight of silicon dioxide, 4% by weight of aluminum sulfate, 18% by weight of corn starch)
-Add the agglomerated precipitation composition of the present invention to the sewage sample and stir.
(2) Results The start of agglomeration and separation was observed about 5 seconds after the start of stirring, and complete separation was performed 5 minutes after the start of stirring. The turbidity after complete separation was 2 degrees or less according to the tap water quality standard. The weight ratio of calcium carbonate to corn starch in the coagulated sediment composition in this example is 4: 1.

Claims (5)

汚水中の懸濁性物質を凝集させ沈殿させる凝集沈殿組成物において、
前記凝集沈殿組成物が粉体状であってかつ全組成物量に対して50〜85重量%の炭酸カルシウムと、5〜10重量%の二酸化ケイ素と、3〜5重量%の硫酸アルミニウムと、5〜25重量%の水溶性多糖類とを含むことを特徴とする凝集沈殿組成物。
In an agglomeration precipitation composition for agglomerating and precipitating suspended substances in wastewater,
The agglomerated precipitation composition is in powder form and is 50 to 85% by weight calcium carbonate, 5 to 10% by weight silicon dioxide, 3 to 5% by weight aluminum sulfate, and 5% based on the total amount of the composition. An agglomerated precipitation composition comprising ˜25% by weight of a water-soluble polysaccharide.
前記炭酸カルシウムと前記水溶性多糖類の重量比が4:1であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の凝集沈殿組成物。   The aggregated precipitation composition according to claim 1, wherein a weight ratio of the calcium carbonate to the water-soluble polysaccharide is 4: 1. 前記水溶性多糖類がコーンスターチであることを特徴とする請求項1または2に記載の凝集沈殿組成物。   The aggregated precipitation composition according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the water-soluble polysaccharide is corn starch. 請求項1〜3のいずれかに記載の凝集沈殿組成物を汚水に添加し、撹拌することにより、該汚水中の懸濁性物質を分離することを特徴とする汚水浄化方法。   A method for purifying sewage, comprising adding the agglomerated precipitation composition according to any one of claims 1 to 3 to sewage and stirring it to separate suspended substances in the sewage. 前記凝集沈殿組成物を汚水に添加する前に、該凝集沈殿組成物を構成する粉体を帯電させることを特徴とする請求項4に記載の汚水浄化方法。   The sewage purification method according to claim 4, wherein the powder constituting the aggregated precipitation composition is charged before adding the aggregated precipitation composition to the wastewater.
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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2009050752A (en) * 2007-08-23 2009-03-12 Shoichi Yoshizumi Flocculant
CN102423698A (en) * 2011-11-07 2012-04-25 河南师范大学 Sewage purification agent
JP5492335B1 (en) * 2013-08-08 2014-05-14 株式会社ケイ・アール・ジー Method for producing flocculant and flocculant
EP2831001A4 (en) * 2012-03-28 2016-04-27 Halosource Inc Water treatment compositions and methods of use

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2009050752A (en) * 2007-08-23 2009-03-12 Shoichi Yoshizumi Flocculant
CN102423698A (en) * 2011-11-07 2012-04-25 河南师范大学 Sewage purification agent
EP2831001A4 (en) * 2012-03-28 2016-04-27 Halosource Inc Water treatment compositions and methods of use
AU2013239687B2 (en) * 2012-03-28 2017-11-30 Dober Chemical Corp. Water treatment compositions and methods of use
JP5492335B1 (en) * 2013-08-08 2014-05-14 株式会社ケイ・アール・ジー Method for producing flocculant and flocculant

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