JP2006288297A - Method for producing sprouted brown rice drink - Google Patents
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Abstract
Description
本発明は、発芽玄米から飲料を製造する方法に関し、特に発芽玄米を酵素処理することにより飲料原料液を得る方法に関する。 The present invention relates to a method for producing a beverage from germinated brown rice, and more particularly to a method for obtaining a beverage raw material liquid by enzymatic treatment of germinated brown rice.
発芽玄米は各種ビタミン類やミネラルな等の栄養素や食物繊維を豊富に含有し、特に種々の健康増進機能を有するγ―アミノ酪酸(GABA)を多量に含有していることが知られている。GABAは遊離アミノ酸の一種であり、神経の主な伝達物質として脳の血流を改善し、脳細胞の代謝機能を活発にする作用を有することにより、血圧降下作用、各臓器の機能強化作用等を有するものとして注目されている。 Germinated brown rice is known to contain abundant nutrients such as various vitamins and minerals and dietary fiber, and particularly contains a large amount of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) having various health promoting functions. GABA is a kind of free amino acid, and has the action of improving blood flow in the brain as the main transmitter of nerves and activating the metabolic functions of brain cells. Has attracted attention as having.
発芽玄米は、発芽により玄米よりは柔らかくなっているが、精米に比べると著しく硬く炊飯性が悪い上に糠臭が強いため、特に健康上の理由から一部の人が食するのみで、広く一般には普及していない。 Germinated brown rice is softer than brown rice due to germination, but it is extremely hard compared to polished rice, and it has poor rice cooking characteristics and strong odor, so only some people eat, especially for health reasons, Generally not popular.
特許文献1は、細かく粉砕した玄米の水分散液にプロテアーゼ、セルラーゼおよびペクチナーゼを混合し、酵素分解した後、加熱することによってα化した膨化米粉液を得、次いでアミラーゼを混合し、酵素分解することにより、水に不溶性の物質を少なくした玄米を原料とする飲料の製造方法を開示している、
また、特許文献2は、玄米もしくは発芽玄米を液化糖化して玄米液化糖化物を得て、これを食品に加える玄米もしくは発芽玄米を使用した加工食品の製造方法を開示している。
Patent Document 2 discloses a method for producing a processed food using brown rice or germinated brown rice, which is obtained by liquefying brown rice or germinated brown rice to obtain a brown rice liquefied saccharified product.
しかしながら、これら従来技術の製造方法により製造された玄米もしくは発芽玄米を原料とする飲料は、栄養価は高いが、玄米に由来する糠臭が強く、飲み難いという問題点を有していた。 However, beverages made from brown rice or germinated brown rice produced by these conventional methods have a high nutritional value, but have a problem that they have a strong odor derived from brown rice and are difficult to drink.
本発明は、上記従来技術の問題点にかんがみなされたものであって、糠臭が少なく飲み易い発芽玄米を原料とする飲料の製造方法を提供しようとするものである。 The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, and is intended to provide a method for producing a beverage made from germinated brown rice, which has a less odor and is easy to drink.
本発明者等は、上記本発明の目的を達成するため鋭意研究と実験を重ねた結果、発芽玄米を精米して7分づき程度の胚芽米とし、この胚芽米を蒸煮して糊化するという前処理を行った後酵素処理すると、糠臭が少なく飲み易い上に、意外にもGABAその他のアミノ酸は胚芽米部分に半分以上含まれており精米しても栄養価が大きく失われることはないことを発見し、本発明に到達した。従来GABAその他のアミノ酸の多くは玄米の胚芽に含まれているため糠分を除去した7分づき米等の胚芽米はこれらのアミノ酸の大部分が失われていると考えられており、したがって胚芽米を原料として作成した飲料は栄養価の点で著しく玄米飲料に劣り、商品価値に乏しいと一般に思われていたのである。 As a result of repeated earnest research and experiments in order to achieve the object of the present invention, the inventors of the present invention polished germinated brown rice into 7-minute germ rice, and steamed the gelatinized rice to gelatinize it. When the enzyme treatment is performed after the pretreatment, it is easy to drink with less smell of smell, and surprisingly, GABA and other amino acids are contained in the germ rice part more than half, and even if it is polished, the nutritional value is not greatly lost. The present invention has been discovered. Conventionally, GABA and other amino acids are mostly contained in the germ of brown rice, so it is considered that most of these amino acids have been lost in germ rice such as 7 min. It was generally thought that beverages made from rice as raw materials were significantly inferior to brown rice beverages in terms of nutritional value and poor in commercial value.
すなわち、上記目的を達成する本発明の発芽玄米飲料の製造方法は、発芽玄米を精米して胚芽米とする精米工程と、胚芽米を蒸煮して糊化する糊化工程と、糊化された胚芽米を酵素処理する酵素処理工程と、該酵素処理により得られた酵素処理液を加水して飲料原料液を得る工程とを備えることを特徴とするものである。 That is, the method for producing the germinated brown rice beverage of the present invention that achieves the above-described object includes a rice milling process in which germinated brown rice is refined to make germ rice, a gelatinization process in which germinated rice is steamed and gelatinized, and gelatinized. It comprises an enzyme treatment step for enzyme treatment of germinated rice, and a step for obtaining a beverage raw material liquid by hydrating an enzyme treatment liquid obtained by the enzyme treatment.
本発明の他の側面においては、発芽玄米を精米して胚芽米とする精米工程と、胚芽米を蒸煮して糊化する糊化工程と、該精米工程において胚芽米から分離された糠分から糠を除去して胚芽を回収する工程と、該回収された胚芽を粉砕する工程と、該糊化工程において糊化された胚芽米と該回収され粉砕された胚芽とを混合して酵素処理する酵素処理工程と、該酵素処理により得られた酵素処理液を加水して飲料原料液を得る工程とを備えることを特徴とする発芽玄米飲料の製造方法が提供される。 In another aspect of the present invention, a rice milling process in which germinated brown rice is refined into germinated rice, a gelatinization process in which germinated rice is steamed and gelatinized, and rice bran separated from the germinated rice in the rice milling process Recovering the germ by removing the germ, a step of crushing the recovered germ, and an enzyme treatment by mixing the gelatinized germ rice and the recovered and pulverized germ in the gelatinization step There is provided a method for producing a germinated brown rice beverage characterized by comprising a treatment step and a step of hydrating an enzyme treatment solution obtained by the enzyme treatment to obtain a beverage raw material solution.
本発明の他の側面においては、発芽玄米を精米して胚芽米とする精米工程と、該精米工程において胚芽米から分離された糠分から糠を除去して胚芽を回収する工程と、該回収された胚芽を粉砕する工程と、該回収され粉砕された胚芽と該精米工程において精米された胚芽米とを混合して蒸煮、糊化する糊化工程と、糊化された胚芽米と胚芽の混合物を酵素処理する酵素処理工程と、該酵素処理により得られた酵素処理液を加水して飲料原料液を得る工程とを備えることを特徴とする発芽玄米飲料の製造方法が提供される。 In another aspect of the present invention, a rice milling process in which germinated brown rice is refined into germinated rice, a process of recovering the germ by removing cocoons from the rice cake separated from the germinated rice in the rice milling process, and the recovery A step of crushing the crushed germ, a gelatinization step of mixing and steaming and gelatinizing the recovered and crushed embryo and the rice polished in the rice milling step, and a gelatinized germ rice and germ mixture There is provided a method for producing a germinated brown rice beverage, comprising an enzyme treatment step of subjecting to an enzyme treatment, and a step of hydrating an enzyme treatment solution obtained by the enzyme treatment to obtain a beverage raw material solution.
本発明の1側面においては、該精米工程において精米された胚芽米を粉砕してから蒸煮、糊化することを特徴とする。
本発明の1側面においては、発芽玄米を精米して胚芽米とする精米工程と、該精米工程において胚芽米から分離された糠分から糠を除去して胚芽を回収する工程と、該精米工程において精米された胚芽米と該回収された胚芽とを混合して粉砕する工程と、粉砕された胚芽米と胚芽の混合物を蒸煮、糊化する糊化工程と、糊化された胚芽米と胚芽の混合物を酵素処理する酵素処理工程と、該酵素処理により得られた酵素処理液を加水して飲料原料液を得る工程とを備えることを特徴とする発芽玄米飲料の製造方法が提供される。
In one aspect of the present invention, the germinated rice polished in the rice milling process is pulverized and then steamed and gelatinized.
In one aspect of the present invention, a rice milling process in which germinated brown rice is refined into germinated rice, a process of removing rice bran from the rice cake separated from the germinated rice in the rice milling process, and collecting the germ, A step of mixing and pulverizing the polished germ rice and the recovered germ, a gelatinization step of steaming and gelatinizing the mixture of the pulverized germ rice and germ, and a gelatinized germ rice and germ There is provided a method for producing a germinated brown rice beverage, comprising an enzyme treatment step of enzyme-treating a mixture and a step of obtaining a beverage raw material liquid by adding an enzyme treatment solution obtained by the enzyme treatment.
本発明によれば、糠臭がほとんどなく飲み易い発芽玄米飲料が得られる。GABAは胚芽米部分に約60%程度含まれており、その他のアミノ酸も胚芽米部分に半分以上含まれているので、精米しても栄養価が大きく失われることはない。 According to the present invention, a germinated brown rice beverage that has almost no odor and is easy to drink can be obtained. About 60% of GABA is contained in the germ rice part, and other amino acids are also contained in the germ rice part by more than half, so even if it is polished, the nutritional value is not greatly lost.
本発明の1側面によれば、胚芽米を粉砕してから蒸煮、糊化することにより、胚芽米中の胚芽の分解が促進され、胚芽に含まれているGABAその他のアミノ酸が酵素処理により酵素処理液中に溶け出す量が増加する効果がある。 According to one aspect of the present invention, the germ rice is crushed and then steamed and gelatinized, whereby germ decomposition in the germ rice is promoted, and GABA and other amino acids contained in the germ are enzymatically treated by enzyme treatment. There is an effect of increasing the amount of dissolution in the treatment liquid.
また、本発明の他の側面によれば、精米において胚芽米から分離された糠分から胚芽を回収して粉砕し、糊化された胚芽米と混合して酵素処理することにより、酵素処理液中に溶け出すGABAその他のアミノ酸の量をさらに増加することができ、一層栄養価が高い飲料を提供することができる。 Further, according to another aspect of the present invention, in the enzyme-treated solution, the germ is recovered from the rice cake separated from the germ rice in the milled rice, pulverized, mixed with the gelatinized germ rice and subjected to the enzyme treatment. It is possible to further increase the amount of GABA and other amino acids that dissolve in the beverage, and to provide a beverage with a higher nutritional value.
以下本発明の実施の形態について説明する。
本発明の方法に係る発芽玄米飲料の原料米は発芽玄米を精米して得られる胚芽米である。発芽玄米は公知の方法たとえばうるち米またはもち米を一夜水に浸漬し水切り後室温で一日間静置する等の方法により発芽させることにより得ることができる。発芽玄米を7分づき米等の胚芽米に精米する工程も市販の精米機を使用する等公知の方法で行うことができる。胚芽米の精米程度は5分づき米または6分づき米も使用可能であるが、糠臭を充分になくすためには7分づき米を使用することが好ましい。
Embodiments of the present invention will be described below.
The raw rice of the germinated brown rice beverage according to the method of the present invention is germinated rice obtained by polishing the germinated brown rice. Germinated brown rice can be obtained by germination by a known method, for example, glutinous rice or glutinous rice is immersed in water overnight, drained and then allowed to stand at room temperature for 1 day. The process of polishing the germinated brown rice for 7 minutes into embryo rice such as rice can be performed by a known method such as using a commercially available rice mill. Although the polished rice can be used for 5 minutes or 6 minutes, it is preferable to use 7 minutes for eliminating the odor.
胚芽米を蒸煮して糊化する糊化工程においては、胚芽米に加水し所定時間蒸すことにより胚芽米を糊化(α化)する。また熱水に胚芽米を所定時間浸漬することにより糊化を行ってもよく、要するに、加水工程と加熱工程を順次または同時に行うことにより胚芽米を糊化することができる。 In the gelatinization process in which the germinated rice is steamed and gelatinized, the germinated rice is gelatinized (α-modified) by adding water to the germinated rice and steaming it for a predetermined time. Gelatinization may be performed by immersing the germinated rice in hot water for a predetermined time. In short, the germinated rice can be gelatinized by sequentially or simultaneously performing the hydration step and the heating step.
また、胚芽米を粉砕してから蒸煮、糊化すれば、胚芽米中の胚芽の分解が促進され、胚芽に含まれているGABAその他のアミノ酸が後述の酵素処理により酵素処理液中に溶け出す量が増加する。 In addition, if the germinated rice is crushed and then steamed and gelatinized, the decomposition of the germ in the germinated rice is promoted, and GABA and other amino acids contained in the germ are dissolved in the enzyme-treated solution by the enzyme treatment described below. The amount increases.
糊化された胚芽米は加水することにより増量した後酵素を添加し、所定時間酵素処理を行うことにより胚芽米を酵素分解する。酵素処理に使用する酵素は、アミラーゼ、プロテアーゼ、セルラーゼ、ペクチナーゼ、キシラナーゼ、植物組織崩壊酵素等であり、これらの酵素を2種類以上組合わせて使用することが好ましい。特に少なくともアミラーゼ、プロテアーゼ、セルラーゼの3酵素を組合わせて使用することが好ましい。使用する酵素の全配合量は胚芽米に対して0.03重量%〜0.3重量%程度である。酵素の配合量が0.03%未満では胚芽米を充分に分解することができず、0.3%を超えると飲料の風味が悪くなる。 The gelatinized germinated rice is increased by adding water, then an enzyme is added, and the germinated rice is enzymatically decomposed by performing enzyme treatment for a predetermined time. Enzymes used for the enzyme treatment are amylase, protease, cellulase, pectinase, xylanase, plant tissue disrupting enzyme, etc., and it is preferable to use a combination of two or more of these enzymes. In particular, it is preferable to use a combination of at least three enzymes, amylase, protease, and cellulase. The total amount of enzyme used is about 0.03% to 0.3% by weight with respect to the germinated rice. If the amount of the enzyme is less than 0.03%, the germinated rice cannot be decomposed sufficiently, and if it exceeds 0.3%, the flavor of the beverage becomes worse.
酵素処理によって得られた酵素処理液は加水し、30メッシュふるい等によりろ過して飲料原料液を得ることができる。 The enzyme-treated solution obtained by the enzyme treatment is hydrated and filtered through a 30 mesh sieve or the like to obtain a beverage raw material solution.
また、精米工程において胚芽米から分離された糠分を30メッシュふるい等に通して糠と胚芽に分けることにより胚芽を回収し、この胚芽を粉砕して糊化された胚芽米と混合して酵素処理するようにすれば、酵素処理液中に溶け出すGABAその他のアミノ酸の量をさらに増加することができ、一層栄養価が高い飲料を提供することができる。 In addition, the rice cake separated from the germ rice in the rice milling process is passed through a 30-mesh sieve to separate it into rice straw and germ, and the germ is recovered, and the germ is crushed and mixed with gelatinized germ rice to produce an enzyme. If treated, the amount of GABA and other amino acids dissolved in the enzyme treatment solution can be further increased, and a beverage with higher nutritional value can be provided.
こうして得られた飲料原料液について適宜濃度調整、栄養分調整、粘度調整を行い、調味液やフレーバー等を添加することにより所望の胚芽米飲料を得ることができる。 Concentration adjustment, nutrient adjustment, and viscosity adjustment are appropriately performed on the beverage raw material liquid thus obtained, and a desired germ rice drink can be obtained by adding a seasoning liquid, flavor, and the like.
精米された胚芽米を粉砕し、胚芽を回収して糊化工程前に胚芽米と混合する場合、胚芽米と胚芽を別々に粉砕してから混合してもよいし、胚芽米と胚芽を混合してから粉砕してもよい。 When milled rice is pulverized, and the germ is collected and mixed with the germ rice before the gelatinization process, the germ rice and germ may be ground separately and then mixed, or the germ rice and germ are mixed And then pulverized.
発芽玄米胚芽米の酵素処理
実施例1 精米後蒸米
ドライタイプ発芽玄米1000gを象印マホービン株式会社製無洗米精米機BTAE05を使用して7分づきで精米した。精米で除いた、糠部173gを30メッシュふるいに通し、糠79gと胚芽88gに分け、胚芽は1分間ミルで粉砕して胚芽粉80gを得た。精米した発芽米810gを洗米し、吸水後1時間蒸した。この蒸米に胚芽粉80gを加えた後2700g(原料の約3倍量)になるように加水した。この液にクエン酸0.2%(1.8g)を添加した後50℃で30分間予備保温した。その後酵素を添加し50℃で2時間酵素処理した。酵素としては、アミラーゼとしてエイチビーアイ株式会社製0.1%液化酵素T、植物繊維崩壊酵素としてヤクルト薬品工業株式会社製0.1%マセロチームA,セルラーゼとしてヤクルト薬品工業株式会社製0.1%セルラーゼオノズカ3S、キシラナーゼとして新日本化学工業株式会社製0.05%スミチームX,プロテアーゼとしてヤクルト薬品工業株式会社製0.05%パンチダーゼNP−2を使用した。酵素処理後酵素処理液が再び2700gになるように加水し、次いで30メッシュふるいでろ過することにより飲料原料液を得た。ろ液の量は2655g、残さの量は10gであった。
Enzymatic treatment of germinated brown rice germ rice
Example 1 1000g of post-milled steamed rice dry-type germinated brown rice was polished in 7 minutes using a non-washed rice milling machine BTAE05 manufactured by ZOJIRUSHI CORP. 173 g of the heel part, which was removed with the milled rice, was passed through a 30-mesh sieve, divided into 79 g of cocoons and 88 g of germ, and the germ was pulverized with a mill for 1 minute to obtain 80 g of germ powder. 810 g of polished rice was washed and steamed for 1 hour after water absorption. After adding 80 g of germ powder to this steamed rice, it was watered to 2700 g (about 3 times the amount of the raw material). After adding 0.2% (1.8 g) of citric acid to this solution, it was pre-incubated at 50 ° C. for 30 minutes. Thereafter, the enzyme was added and the enzyme treatment was performed at 50 ° C. for 2 hours. As enzymes, 0.1% liquefied enzyme T manufactured by HI Corporation as amylase, 0.1% maceroteam A manufactured by Yakult Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. as plant fiber-disintegrating enzyme, 0.1% cellulase manufactured by Yakult Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. as cellulase Onozuka 3S, 0.05% Sumiteam X manufactured by Shin Nippon Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. was used as the xylanase, and 0.05% punchase NP-2 manufactured by Yakult Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. was used as the protease. After the enzyme treatment, water was added so that the enzyme treatment solution was again 2700 g, and then filtered through a 30 mesh sieve to obtain a beverage raw material solution. The amount of filtrate was 2655 g, and the amount of residue was 10 g.
実施例2 精米粉砕後蒸米
ドライタイプ発芽玄米(1000g)を7分づきで精米し、精米で除いた糠部(171g)を30メッシュふるいに通し、糠(83g)と胚芽(88g)に分け、胚芽は1分間ミルで粉にした(79g)。精米した胚芽米(804g)も1分間ミルで粉にした。粉にした胚芽米と胚芽(全量881g)に加水して団子状にした後1時間蒸煮した。この団子に、原料の3倍量になるように加水し(2700g)、ミキサーで細かくした。その後実施例1と同一処理により、クエン酸添加、予備保温、酵素処理、加水、ろ過を行い、飲料原料液を得た。ろ液の量は2673gで残さはなかった。
Example 2 After pulverized rice, steamed rice dry-type germinated brown rice (1000 g) is polished in 7 minutes, and the heel part (171 g) removed with the polished rice is passed through a 30-mesh sieve, and divided into rice bran (83 g) and germ (88 g), The embryo was milled for 1 minute (79 g). Milled rice (804 g) was also milled for 1 minute. It was steamed for 1 hour after adding water to powdered germ rice and germ (total amount 881 g) to form dumplings. To this dumpling, water was added (2700 g) so as to be three times the amount of the raw material, and it was made fine with a mixer. Thereafter, by the same treatment as in Example 1, citric acid addition, pre-incubation, enzyme treatment, water addition, and filtration were performed to obtain a beverage raw material liquid. The amount of filtrate was 2673 g with no residue.
この原料液について、後述するMC―Aと同一方法によりライスミルク飲料を製造して官能評価を行ったところ、糠臭がまったくなく、飲み易い飲料であることがわかった。 About this raw material liquid, when the rice milk drink was manufactured by the same method as MC-A mentioned later and sensory evaluation was performed, it turned out that it is a drink which does not have a bad smell at all and is easy to drink.
比較例1 精米後粉砕米
ドライタイプ発芽玄米1000gを上記精米機により7分づき米に精米した。精米で除いた糠部171gを30メッシュふるいに通し糠83gと胚芽88gに分け、胚芽は1分間ミルで粉砕して胚芽粉79gを得た。精米して得た胚芽米804gを1分間ミルで粉砕して胚芽米粉と胚芽粉の合計量881gに2700g(原料の約3倍量)になるように加水した。この液にクエン酸0.2%(1.8g)を添加した後50℃で30分間予備保温した。その後実施例1と同一酵素を添加し50℃で2時間酵素処理した。酵素処理後酵素処理液が再び2700gになるように加水し、次いで30メッシュふるいでろ過することにより飲料原料液を得た。ろ液の量は2673g、残さの量は0gであった。
Comparative Example 1 After milling, 1000 g of pulverized rice dry-type germinated brown rice was polished into rice for 7 minutes using the above-described rice mill. 171 g of the heel part removed with the milled rice was passed through a 30 mesh sieve and divided into 83 g of cocoons and 88 g of germ, and the germ was pulverized with a mill for 1 minute to obtain 79 g of germ powder. 804 g of the germinated rice obtained by milling was pulverized in a mill for 1 minute and then added to 881 g of the total amount of germ rice flour and germ powder to 2700 g (about 3 times the amount of the raw material). After adding 0.2% (1.8 g) of citric acid to this solution, it was preliminarily kept at 50 ° C. for 30 minutes. Thereafter, the same enzyme as in Example 1 was added, followed by enzyme treatment at 50 ° C. for 2 hours. After the enzyme treatment, water was added so that the enzyme-treated liquid was again 2700 g, and then filtered through a 30-mesh sieve to obtain a beverage raw material liquid. The amount of filtrate was 2673 g, and the amount of residue was 0 g.
比較例2 未精米・蒸米
ドライタイプ発芽玄米1000gを洗米・吸水後1時間蒸した。この蒸米に3000g(原料の3倍量)になるように加水した。この液にクエン酸0.2%(2.0g)を添加した後50℃で30分間予備保温した。その後実施例1と同一酵素を添加し50℃で2時間酵素処理した。酵素処理後酵素処理液が再び3000gになるように加水し、次いで30メッシュふるいでろ過することにより飲料原料液を得た。ろ液の量は2465g、残さの量は436gであった。
Comparative Example 2 1000 g of unmilled rice / steamed rice dry-type germinated brown rice was steamed for 1 hour after washing and water absorption. Water was added to this steamed rice to 3000 g (3 times the amount of the raw material). After adding 0.2% (2.0 g) of citric acid to this solution, it was preliminarily kept at 50 ° C. for 30 minutes. Thereafter, the same enzyme as in Example 1 was added, followed by enzyme treatment at 50 ° C. for 2 hours. After the enzyme treatment, water was added so that the enzyme treatment solution was 3000 g again, and then filtered through a 30 mesh sieve to obtain a beverage raw material solution. The amount of filtrate was 2465 g, and the amount of residue was 436 g.
比較例3 未精米・粉砕米
1分間ミルで粉にしたドライタイプ発芽玄米950gに2850g(原料の約3倍量)になるまで加水した。この液にクエン酸0.2%(1.9g)を添加した後50℃で30分間予備保温した。その後実施例1と同一酵素を添加し50℃で2時間酵素処理した。酵素処理後酵素処理液が再び2850gになるように加水し、次いで30メッシュふるいでろ過することにより飲料原料液を得た。ろ液の量は2772g、残さの量は8gであった。
Comparative Example 3 Unmilled rice / crushed rice was added to 950 g of dry-type germinated brown rice that had been milled for 1 minute until 2850 g (about 3 times the amount of raw material) was added. After adding 0.2% (1.9 g) of citric acid to this solution, it was preliminarily kept at 50 ° C. for 30 minutes. Thereafter, the same enzyme as in Example 1 was added, followed by enzyme treatment at 50 ° C. for 2 hours. After the enzyme treatment, the enzyme-treated solution was added again to 2850 g, and then filtered through a 30-mesh sieve to obtain a beverage raw material solution. The amount of the filtrate was 2772 g, and the amount of the residue was 8 g.
実施例3 精米後蒸米
ドライタイプ発芽玄米1000gを7分づきで精米した。精米した発芽米805gを洗米し、吸水後1時間蒸した。この蒸米に2400g(原料の約3倍量)になるように加水した。この液にクエン酸0.2%(1.6g)を添加した後50℃で30分間予備保温した。その後実施例1と同一酵素を添加し50℃で2時間酵素処理した。酵素処理後酵素処理液が再び2400gになるように加水し、次いで30メッシュふるいでろ過することにより飲料原料液を得た。ろ液の量は2360g、残さの量は10gであった。
Example 3 After milling, 1000g of steamed rice dry-type germinated brown rice was polished for 7 minutes. 805 g of polished rice was washed and steamed for 1 hour after water absorption. Water was added to this steamed rice to 2400 g (about 3 times the amount of the raw material). To this solution, 0.2% (1.6 g) of citric acid was added, and the mixture was preincubated at 50 ° C. for 30 minutes. Thereafter, the same enzyme as in Example 1 was added, followed by enzyme treatment at 50 ° C. for 2 hours. After the enzyme treatment, the enzyme-treated solution was added again to 2400 g and then filtered through a 30-mesh sieve to obtain a beverage raw material solution. The amount of filtrate was 2360 g, and the amount of residue was 10 g.
この飲料原料液のGABAを分析したところ、GABA量は1.45mg/100gであり、発芽玄米に対する回収率は20.8%であって、充分な栄養価を備えていることを示した。
この飲料原料液について試料MC―Aと同一方法によりライスミルク飲料を製造して官能評価を行ったところ、糠臭がまったくなく、飲み易い飲料であることがわかった。
When GABA of this beverage raw material liquid was analyzed, the GABA amount was 1.45 mg / 100 g, and the recovery rate for germinated brown rice was 20.8%, indicating that it had sufficient nutritional value.
A rice milk beverage was produced by the same method as sample MC-A for this beverage raw material solution and subjected to sensory evaluation. As a result, it was found that the beverage raw material solution was easy to drink without any odor.
実施例4
実施例3と同じ操作を行い、残った残さ(10g)をすり潰し、ろ液の一部に懸濁させた後、再度30メッシュふるいでろ過し、得られたろ液を元のろ液と混合した。ろ液の合計は2365g、残さは僅かであった。
Example 4
The same operation as in Example 3 was performed, and the remaining residue (10 g) was ground and suspended in a part of the filtrate, and then filtered through a 30-mesh sieve, and the obtained filtrate was mixed with the original filtrate. . The total filtrate was 2365 g, and the residue was slight.
この原料液について、MC―Aと同一方法によりライスミルク飲料を製造して官能評価を行ったところ、糠臭がまったくなく、飲み易い飲料であることがわかった。 About this raw material liquid, when the rice milk drink was manufactured by the same method as MC-A and sensory evaluation was performed, it turned out that it is a drink which does not have a bad smell at all and is easy to drink.
ライスミルク飲料の製造
実施例1および比較例1〜3の各飲料原料液をそれぞれ使用して次のライスミルク飲料を製造した。
Production of Rice Milk Beverage The following rice milk beverages were produced using the beverage raw material liquids of Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3, respectively.
ライスミルク飲料試料名MC−A〜MC−D
各試料ごとに砂糖80g(4%)とよく混ぜた大豆多糖類10g(0.5%)を熱湯とともにミキサーにかけよく溶かした。そこに実施例1、比較例1〜3の飲料原料液をそれぞれ600g(30%)加え、よく攪拌混合した。この液に最終2kgを超えない程度に加水後よく混ぜながら沸騰させた。この液に牛乳500g(25%)を加え、水で2kgに合わせて90℃まで加熱後フレーバー2mlを加え、ホモゲナイザー(20MPa)にかけた。各試料とも沸騰後火を止め、飲料用空缶(内容量200ml)に充填、巻締め、121℃で30分間加熱殺菌した後冷却した。各試料MC−A〜MC−Dの調合表を表1に示す。
Rice milk beverage sample name MC-A to MC-D
For each sample, 10 g (0.5%) of soybean polysaccharide mixed well with 80 g (4%) of sugar was dissolved in hot water with a mixer. Thereto, 600 g (30%) of the beverage raw material liquids of Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3 were added and well mixed with stirring. The solution was boiled with sufficient mixing after addition of water so that it did not exceed 2 kg. To this solution, 500 g (25%) of milk was added, and 2 kg of flavor was added to water by adding 2 kg of water, heating to 90 ° C., and applying to a homogenizer (20 MPa). Each sample was fired after boiling, filled into empty beverage cans (internal volume 200 ml), wound, sterilized by heating at 121 ° C. for 30 minutes, and then cooled. Table 1 shows the recipe for each sample MC-A to MC-D.
ライスミルク飲料試料名MH−A〜MH−D
各試料ごとに砂糖のかわりにハチミツ102g(5.1%)を使用した以外は試料名MC−A〜MC−Dと同一方法によりライスミルク飲料MH−A〜MH−Dを製造した。各試料の調合表を表2に示す。
Rice milk beverage sample names MH-A to MH-D
Rice milk beverages MH-A to MH-D were produced by the same method as sample names MC-A to MC-D, except that 102 g (5.1%) of honey was used instead of sugar for each sample. Table 2 shows the recipe for each sample.
アミノ酸の分析・評価
GABAを含むアミノ酸の抽出法
固形試料はミルで粉砕後、数gをアミノ酸抽出用溶液(10%スルホサリチル酸)にけん濁し、25mlに定容した。全量をナス型フラスコに移し、20分間震とう後遠心分離した。上澄みを0.45μmフイルターでろ過することによりアミノ酸を抽出した。溶液中のアミノ酸は、試料溶液10mlにアミノ酸抽出用溶液(10%スルホサリチル酸)を加えて25mlに定容する。全量をナス型フラスコに移し、20分間震とう後遠心分離した。上澄みを0.45μmフイルターでろ過することによりアミノ酸を抽出した。
Analysis and evaluation of amino acids
Extraction Method of Amino Acid Containing GABA A solid sample was pulverized with a mill and then suspended in a solution for amino acid extraction (10% sulfosalicylic acid) to a constant volume of 25 ml. The entire amount was transferred to an eggplant-shaped flask, shaken for 20 minutes, and then centrifuged. Amino acids were extracted by filtering the supernatant with a 0.45 μm filter. The amino acid in the solution is adjusted to a volume of 25 ml by adding an amino acid extraction solution (10% sulfosalicylic acid) to 10 ml of the sample solution. The entire amount was transferred to an eggplant-shaped flask, shaken for 20 minutes, and then centrifuged. Amino acids were extracted by filtering the supernatant with a 0.45 μm filter.
アミノ酸の分析法
アミノ酸は(株)島津製作所製高速液体クロマトグラフイーLC−6Bシステムを用いてOPA・FMOC誘導体化法により分析した。
Analysis Method of Amino Acids Amino acids were analyzed by the OPA / FMOC derivatization method using a high performance liquid chromatography LC-6B system manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation.
すなわち、OPA・FMOC誘導体化試薬と反応させた分析試料1μlをODSカラム(ZORBAX Eclipse-AAA, 5μm, 4.6mm*150mm)に注入し、移動相A:40mMリン酸二水素ナトリウム溶液(pH7.8)、移動相B:メタノール/アセトニトリル/水=45/45/10、流速1.0ml/minでグラジエント溶出させ、蛍光検出器(RF−535、RF−550)により励起波長265nm、330nm、検出波長350nm、450nmで分析した。得られたクロマトグラムを(株)島津製作所製クロマトパックC−R7Aで解析した。 That is, 1 μl of an analytical sample reacted with OPA · FMOC derivatization reagent was injected into an ODS column (ZORBAX Eclipse-AAA, 5 μm, 4.6 mm * 150 mm), and mobile phase A: 40 mM sodium dihydrogen phosphate solution (pH 7.8). ), Mobile phase B: methanol / acetonitrile / water = 45/45/10, gradient elution at a flow rate of 1.0 ml / min, excitation wavelengths 265 nm, 330 nm, detection wavelengths with fluorescence detectors (RF-535, RF-550) Analysis was performed at 350 nm and 450 nm. The obtained chromatogram was analyzed with Chromatopack C-R7A manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation.
アミノ酸分析の結果
(1)精米における発芽玄米中のアミノ酸含有量の分布
発芽玄米から精米機で7分づき精米した胚芽米(胚乳)と糠部をふるい分けた胚芽および糠のアミノ酸含有量を分析した結果を表3に示す。この分析に際しては、発芽玄米1000gを精米し、胚芽米778.5g、胚芽111gと糠88gを得た。各部分のアミノ酸を分析し、発芽玄米1000g当りの含有量(mg)として、発芽玄米の総和は胚芽米、胚芽、糠の総和として表示した。分布割合は発芽玄米に対する各部の割合で表示した。回収率は発芽玄米に対する総和の割合を求めた。使用した発芽玄米1000g中の数gの試料からアミノ酸を抽出して分析した。このため、ばらつきを考慮すると、アミノ酸のデータは信頼できるものと思われる。バリン、メチオニン、トリプトフアンの回収率が低いのは、これらのアミノ酸の分離が悪いことが原因である。
Results of amino acid analysis (1) Distribution of amino acid content in germinated brown rice in milled rice The amino acid content of germ and rice bran that had been screened from germinated brown rice for 7 minutes with a milling machine was analyzed. The results are shown in Table 3. In this analysis, 1000 g of germinated brown rice was polished to obtain 778.5 g of germ rice, 111 g of germ and 88 g of straw. The amino acid of each part was analyzed, and the total amount of germinated brown rice was expressed as the sum of germ rice, germ, and rice bran as the content (mg) per 1000 g of germinated brown rice. The distribution ratio was expressed as the ratio of each part to germinated brown rice. The recovery was determined as the ratio of the total to germinated brown rice. Amino acids were extracted from a sample of several grams in 1000 g of germinated brown rice used and analyzed. For this reason, the amino acid data seems to be reliable considering the variation. The low recovery of valine, methionine and tryptophan is due to poor separation of these amino acids.
GABAについて見ると、発芽玄米の精米による胚芽米、胚芽、糠へのGABAの分布は図1に示すとおりである。なお、図1において、不明は精米機からの胚芽、糠の回収損失による減少と個々の試料のばらつきによる誤差によるものと思われる。 As for GABA, the distribution of GABA in germinated rice, germ, and rice bran by germinated brown rice is as shown in FIG. In FIG. 1, the unknown is probably due to a decrease due to germ and rice recovery loss from the rice mill and errors due to variations in individual samples.
GABAを20.9mg含む発芽玄米を7分づきで精米すると、GABAは胚芽米に約6割、胚芽に約1割、糠に約3割の割合で含有されていることが判った。この事実すなわち7分づきの精米でアミノ酸が半分以上胚芽米に残ることから、この胚芽米から飲料を製造すれば、糠臭が少なくなる上に栄養的にも好ましいい飲料が得られることが示された。 It was found that when germinated brown rice containing 20.9 mg of GABA was polished in 7 minutes, GABA was contained in germ rice at about 60%, embryos at about 10%, and straw at about 30%. This fact, that is, since half of the amino acids remain in the germinated rice in 7 minutes, if a beverage is produced from the germinated rice, it is possible to obtain a beverage that is less nutty and nutritionally favorable. Indicated.
(2)飲料原料液のアミノ酸含有量
実施例1および比較例1〜3の飲料原料液(酵素処理液)のアミノ酸含有量を分析した結果を表4に示す。
(2) Amino acid content of beverage raw material liquid Table 4 shows the results of analyzing the amino acid content of the beverage raw material liquid (enzyme treatment liquid) of Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3.
GABAについて見ると、飲料原料液の発芽玄米に対する回収率は表5のとおりである。 Looking at GABA, Table 5 shows the recovery rate of the beverage raw material liquid for germinated brown rice.
実施例1の7分づき程度の精米では、一部の胚芽が胚芽米から分離されず、残留した胚芽は精米しても回収・粉砕した胚芽粉と異なって酵素処理で十分に分解されないため、ふるいわけで残さとして残る。回収率を上げるためには、実施例2のように胚芽米を粉砕してから蒸米するか、実施例4のように残さを軽くすり潰してから再度ろ過する。残さはすでに酵素処理を受けているので、粉砕するまでもなく容易にすり潰すことができる。これらの方法では、ほぼ全量のGABAが酵素処理液に回収された。 In the polished rice of about 7 minutes in Example 1, some of the germs are not separated from the germed rice, and the remaining germs are not sufficiently decomposed by enzyme treatment unlike the recovered and crushed germ powder even after polishing, It remains as a residue by sieving. In order to increase the recovery rate, the germinated rice is crushed and steamed as in Example 2, or the residue is lightly ground as in Example 4 and then filtered again. Since the residue has already undergone enzyme treatment, it can be easily ground without being crushed. In these methods, almost the entire amount of GABA was recovered in the enzyme treatment solution.
酵素処理の前処理としては、実施例1の蒸米より比較例1の粉砕米のほうがGABAの量は高かった。実施例1の蒸米の酵素処理液のふるいわけで残る残さは胚芽であり、原料を粉砕した比較例1の粉砕米では残さは生じることなく、粉砕によりすべてのGABAが酵素処理液に回収された。 As a pretreatment of the enzyme treatment, the amount of GABA was higher in the ground rice of Comparative Example 1 than in the steamed rice of Example 1. The residue left after the enzyme-treated solution of steamed rice of Example 1 is germ, and in the crushed rice of Comparative Example 1 where the raw material was crushed, no residue was produced, and all GABA was recovered in the enzyme-treated solution by pulverization. .
(3)ライスミルク飲料のGABA回収率
以下にライスミルク飲料のアミノ酸分析結果を示す。ただし、ライスミルク飲料MC−A〜MC−D、MH−A〜MH−Dの中砂糖のかわりにハチミツを使用したMH−A〜MH−Dはハチミツの褐変により飲料として不適であり(後述の官能評価を参照)、また砂糖を使用したMC−A〜MC−Dの中比較例1および3にかかるMC−BおよびMC−Dは最初の加熱工程で粘度が増加し焦げやすい状態となった。これは粉砕米は酵素処理時にデンプンが糊化していないため未分解のデンプンが残りライスミルク飲料製造時の加熱で未分解デンプンが糊化したためと考えられる。このような問題なく製造できたライスミルク飲料であるMC−AとMC−Cのアミノ酸含有量を表6に示す。
(3) GABA recovery rate of rice milk drink The amino acid analysis results of rice milk drink are shown below. However, rice milk beverages MC-A to MC-D, MH-A to MH-D using honey instead of medium sugar, MH-A to MH-D are not suitable as beverages due to honey browning (described later). MC-B and MC-D according to Comparative Examples 1 and 3 of MC-A to MC-D using sugar were increased in viscosity in the first heating step, and became in a state of being easily burnt. . This is thought to be because undegraded starch remained in the crushed rice because the starch was not gelatinized during the enzyme treatment, and the undegraded starch was gelatinized by heating during the production of the rice milk beverage. Table 6 shows the amino acid contents of MC-A and MC-C, which are rice milk drinks produced without such problems.
GABAについて見ると、ライスミルク飲料におけるGABA回収率は表7に示すとおりである。ライスミルク飲料100gには発芽米・胚芽米または発芽玄米10g相当が含まれるので、MC−Aの回収率は胚芽米・胚芽10g(GABA量1.36mg)、MC−Cの回収率は発芽玄米10g(GABA量2.09mg)に対する回収率である。 As for GABA, the GABA recovery rate in the rice milk drink is as shown in Table 7. Since 100 g of rice milk drink contains germinated rice / germ rice or germinated brown rice equivalent to 10 g, the recovery rate of MC-A is 10 g of germed rice / germ (GABA amount 1.36 mg), and the recovery rate of MC-C is germinated brown rice The recovery rate is 10 g (GABA amount 2.09 mg).
それぞれの回収率は酵素処理液におけるGABA回収率とほば同一であった。このことは、レトルト殺菌を含むライスミルク飲料缶詰製造工程においてGABAは減少しないため、酵素処理液調製でGABAを効率良く抽出することが重要であることを示している。 Each recovery rate was almost the same as the GABA recovery rate in the enzyme-treated solution. This indicates that it is important to efficiently extract GABA in the preparation of the enzyme treatment solution because GABA does not decrease in the canned rice milk beverage manufacturing process including retort sterilization.
ライスミルク飲料の官能評価
ライスミルク飲料缶詰MC−A〜MC−DおよびMH−A〜MH−Dの官能評価をパネラー4名で行った。その結果を糖度(Bx)とともに表8に示す。官能評価の結果、胚芽米を蒸米とし糊化した実施例1のMC−Aが最も好評であった。胚芽米の粉砕のみで糊化を行わなかったMC−Bはモロモロした感触で次点であった。粉砕のみで糊化させていなかった胚芽米を酵素処理したため、デンプン分解が不充分であったと考えられる。発芽玄米を精米せずに原料としたMC−CとMD−Dは糠臭が強く不評であった。砂糖のかわりにハチミツを使用したMH−A〜MH−Dはいずれもハチミツの褐変による変色、におい、苦味が強く、不評であった。
Sensory evaluation of rice milk beverage Sensory evaluation of canned rice milk beverages MC-A to MC-D and MH-A to MH-D was performed by four panelists. The results are shown in Table 8 together with the sugar content (Bx). As a result of sensory evaluation, MC-A of Example 1 in which germinated rice was steamed and gelatinized was most popular. MC-B, which was not gelatinized only by pulverizing the germinated rice, was the next point with a crisp feel. It is thought that starch degradation was insufficient because the germinated rice that had not been gelatinized only by pulverization was treated with an enzyme. MC-C and MD-D, in which germinated brown rice was used as a raw material without milling, had a bad smell and were unpopular. MH-A to MH-D using honey instead of sugar were all unfavorable due to strong discoloration, smell and bitterness due to honey browning.
ライスミルク飲料のアミノ酸分析および官能評価の結果、実施例1の飲料原料液を使用したライスミルク飲料がもっとも糠臭がなく、アミノ酸も充分に含有しており、優れた胚芽玄米飲料であることがわかった。 As a result of amino acid analysis and sensory evaluation of the rice milk beverage, the rice milk beverage using the beverage raw material solution of Example 1 has the least odor and contains sufficient amino acids, and is an excellent germ brown rice beverage. all right.
Claims (5)
A rice milling process in which germinated brown rice is refined into germinated rice, a process of recovering germs by removing rice bran from the rice cake separated from the germinated rice in the rice milling process, and a germinated rice polished in the rice milling process and the recovery A step of mixing and crushing the crushed germ, a gelatinization step of steaming and gelatinizing the crushed embryo rice and germ mixture, and an enzyme treatment step of enzymatically treating the gelatinized germ rice and germ mixture And a step of hydrating the enzyme-treated liquid obtained by the enzyme treatment to obtain a beverage raw material liquid.
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Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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KR101259600B1 (en) | 2010-11-25 | 2013-04-30 | 농업회사법인 하영 주식회사 | Functional beverage using germination unpolished rice and manufacture method thereof |
CN104432375A (en) * | 2014-11-27 | 2015-03-25 | 苏州嘉禧萝生物科技有限公司 | Preparation method of food beverage containing GABA (gamma amino acid-butyric acid) |
CN108606205A (en) * | 2016-12-09 | 2018-10-02 | 浙江大学自贡创新中心 | A kind of germinating unpolished rice beverage and preparation method thereof |
CN115363172A (en) * | 2022-08-31 | 2022-11-22 | 浙江宝宝馋了食品科技有限公司 | Production process of germ rice flour capable of maintaining stable nutrients in processing process |
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2005
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Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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KR101259600B1 (en) | 2010-11-25 | 2013-04-30 | 농업회사법인 하영 주식회사 | Functional beverage using germination unpolished rice and manufacture method thereof |
CN104432375A (en) * | 2014-11-27 | 2015-03-25 | 苏州嘉禧萝生物科技有限公司 | Preparation method of food beverage containing GABA (gamma amino acid-butyric acid) |
CN108606205A (en) * | 2016-12-09 | 2018-10-02 | 浙江大学自贡创新中心 | A kind of germinating unpolished rice beverage and preparation method thereof |
CN115363172A (en) * | 2022-08-31 | 2022-11-22 | 浙江宝宝馋了食品科技有限公司 | Production process of germ rice flour capable of maintaining stable nutrients in processing process |
CN115363172B (en) * | 2022-08-31 | 2024-03-26 | 浙江宝宝馋了食品科技有限公司 | Germ rice flour production process capable of maintaining stable nutrients in processing process |
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