JP2006287991A - Starter for starting engine - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a starter for staring an engine which enables a user to detect abnormality early by perceiving at least one commutator segment 34A floating from an insulating member 35 by setting of a heat expansion amount or the like to prevent the commutator segment 34A from being disengaged from the insulating member 35, with no fear of secondary effect on a starter motor. <P>SOLUTION: An engaging ring 38 is press-fitted in the outer peripheral part of the riser 34c of the commutator 34 and a projecting part 38a projecting in the outside-diameter direction is formed on one part of the engaging ring 38, to provide minute clearance M between the projecting part 38a and the riser 34c of at least one commutator segment 34A. Since commutator segment 34A floated from the insulating member 35 is restrained by the minute clearance M in the projecting part 38a of the engaging ring 38, the commutator segment 34A is prevented from being disengaged from the insulating member 35 and also from being grounded on the electronic circuit in the starter motor, with no fear of secondary effect on the starter motor. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a starter for starting an engine provided with a motor having a built-in armature having a commutator composed of commutator pieces.

  In driving the vehicle, if the engine is not started when the engine is started, the energization state of the starter will be maintained, and if the energization time for the starter becomes too long, the motor may be downsized, The motor commutator may generate heat and adversely affect the starter. For this reason, when the energization state of the motor is continued, it is considered that the engine speed is greatly reduced by the lifting means to notify the user of the starter change to avoid an adverse effect on the starter (for example, Patent Document 1).

In the floating means of Patent Document 1, at least one commutator piece among the plurality of commutator pieces is set such that the volume of the embedded portion with respect to the insulating member is set smaller than the other commutator pieces. When the energization time to the motor in the starter is increased, the commutator piece having a small volume of the embedded portion with respect to the insulating member generates more heat than the other commutator pieces and the amount of thermal expansion is increased. At this time, the commutator piece whose thermal expansion amount has increased due to heat generation floats outward from the other commutator pieces, and the wear amount of the brush is increased to reduce the output of the motor. Along with this, the rotational speed of the engine is greatly reduced, so that the user will detect an abnormality of the starter at an early stage, and the energization time for the starter is canceled early so as not to have an adverse effect.
JP 2003-158857 A

  However, the commutator piece that is raised from the insulating member due to the amount of thermal expansion caused by heat generation may be subjected to centrifugal force based on rotation, and depending on the amount of heat generation and thermal expansion, There is a possibility that the starter may have a secondary influence by being separated from the insulating member and grounded on the electric circuit in the motor.

  An object of the present invention is to prevent at least one commutator piece from protruding from an insulating member by setting the amount of thermal expansion, etc., and letting the user detect an abnormality so as to cancel the energization time to the starter early so as not to have an adverse effect. However, an object of the present invention is to provide a starter for starting an engine which prevents the raised commutator piece from being detached from the insulating member and does not have a secondary influence on the starter.

The starter for starting the engine according to the first aspect of the present invention includes an armature having a commutator, a motor that supplies power to the armature through a brush that contacts the commutator, and transmits rotational force to the engine by energization. . The commutator is formed by arranging a plurality of commutator pieces held by an insulating member at equal intervals, and at least one of the plurality of commutator pieces has a longer continuous energization time to the motor. Further, it is configured to be raised outward from the other commutator pieces by the raising means, and to notify the abnormality by reducing the rotational speed of the motor.
The fitting ring is fixed to the outer peripheral portion of the riser of the commutator piece to which the coil wire of the armature is connected, and a protruding portion that protrudes in the radial direction is formed on a part of the fitting ring. A minute gap is provided between the riser of the commutator piece that has been raised.

  When the continuous energization time for the motor becomes longer, at least one commutator piece is lifted from the insulating member by the lifting means, and the number of rotations of the motor is reduced to notify the user of an abnormality early. For this reason, the user can cancel the energization time for the motor early so as not to adversely affect the motor. In addition, since the commutator piece raised from the insulating member is constrained by a minute gap in the protrusion of the fitting ring, the commutator piece does not leave the insulating member and can be grounded on the electronic circuit in the motor. And eliminates the possibility of secondary effects on the motor.

  The protrusion in the invention of claim 2 forms a minute gap across the risers of two or more commutator pieces. Even if any of the two or more commutator pieces rises up, the user can quickly detect the change in the motor, and the commutator pieces do not leave the insulating member, and the electronic circuit inside the motor There is no possibility of having a secondary influence on the motor without being grounded. Moreover, since any commutator piece is raised among the two or more commutator pieces, the probability of notifying the user of a change in the motor is high and safe.

The fitting ring in the invention of claim 3 forms a protrusion by bending a part of the outer peripheral portion in an arc shape, and forms a minute gap with the riser of at least one commutator piece when fixed to the riser.
In this case, since a part of the outer peripheral portion of the fitting ring is bent in an arc shape, the plurality of commutator pieces that come out correspond to the protrusion, and the same effect as in claim 2 can be achieved. it can. Further, when the fitting ring is fixed to the riser, it is only necessary to make the protrusions fit with any of the commutator pieces that float, so that accurate positioning of the protrusions becomes unnecessary, and the fixing work is easy and quick. .

In the invention of claim 4, the outer peripheral dimension including the protrusion of the fitting ring is set smaller than the outer dimension of the motor.
In this case, for example, by reducing the thickness of the fitting ring, the size of the motor is not increased, and the fitting ring is attached using the existing empty space without changing the shape of other parts. Can do.

  According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, a positioning piece corresponding to at least one commutator piece among the plurality of commutator pieces is provided on the insulating member. For this reason, it is only necessary to fix the fitting ring to the riser so that the protrusion is aligned with the position corresponding to the positioning piece, so that the protrusion can be easily positioned.

  In a sixth aspect of the present invention, a plurality of fitting rings having different projecting dimensions along the radial direction of the protrusion are provided so as to be replaceable with respect to the riser. For this reason, by using a fitting ring in which the protrusion has a large protrusion size, the amount of at least one commutator piece that rises increases, and the wear of the brush on the commutator piece increases, thereby reducing the output of the motor. As a result, the number of revolutions of the engine is remarkably reduced, and the user can quickly detect a change in the starter and can stop the continuous energization to the starter early.

The raising means in the invention of claim 7 is configured by setting at least one commutator piece smaller than the other commutator pieces with respect to the volume of the portion embedded in the insulating member.
When the continuous energization time to the motor in the starter is increased by this lifting means, the commutator piece having a small volume of the embedded portion with respect to the insulating member generates more heat than the other commutator pieces, and the amount of thermal expansion increases. A commutator piece that generates a large amount of heat and has a large amount of thermal expansion rises outward from the other commutator pieces, increasing the amount of wear of the brush and lowering the output of the motor. Along with this, the engine speed is greatly reduced, so that the user can quickly detect a change in the starter, and the energization time for the starter can be canceled early so as not to adversely affect the starter.

  In the starter for starting the engine according to the present invention, a fitting ring having a protrusion is fixed to the outer periphery of the riser of the commutator piece to which the coil wire of the armature is connected, and the protrusion and at least one commutator piece are A minute gap is given to the riser. When the continuous energization time for the motor becomes longer, at least one commutator piece is lifted from the insulating member by the lifting means, and the number of rotations of the motor is reduced to notify the user of an abnormality early. For this reason, the user can cancel the energization time for the motor early so as not to adversely affect the motor. In addition, since the commutator piece raised from the insulating member is constrained by a minute gap in the protrusion of the fitting ring, the commutator piece does not leave the insulating member and can be grounded on the electronic circuit in the motor. And eliminates the possibility of secondary effects on the motor.

A first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
As shown in FIG. 1, a starter 1 for starting the first embodiment includes a starter motor 2 that generates a rotational force, a planetary gear speed reducer T that decelerates the rotation of the starter motor 2, an armature shaft 30, and a planetary gear. It has an output shaft 3 to which the rotational force of the starting motor 2 is transmitted via a one-way clutch 6 via a gear reduction device T. Furthermore, the starter 1 has a pinion 5 that is coupled to a front end portion (a ring gear 24 side described later) with respect to the output shaft 3.

  The starter motor 2 is a direct current motor, and a contact built in the electromagnetic clutch 9 is closed by a key switch (not shown), and the armature 29 is energized to rotate. The electromagnetic clutch 9 includes a known plunger 7 provided so as to be displaceable in the axial direction, and a solenoid (not shown) that displaces the plunger 7 by a suction force. And the displacement is transmitted to the one-way clutch 6 through the lever 10.

  The armature 29 has an armature core 31 connected to an armature shaft 30, and the armature core 31 has an armature coil 33 wound around a stator 32. A commutator 34 is provided at the rear end of the armature shaft 30 (on the side opposite to the pinion 5). The commutator 34 is obtained by holding a plurality of commutator pieces 34 a in a cylindrical shape on a resin insulating member 35, and is arranged circumferentially and concentrically on the outer periphery of the armature shaft 30. A brush 36a fed with power via a connection lead 36 is disposed in contact with the cylindrical surface of the commutator piece 34a. A coil wire 37 from the armature coil 33 is connected to each riser 34c of the commutator piece 34a. Has been.

  As shown in FIGS. 2A and 2B, the inner diameter portion of the commutator piece 34a is embedded in the insulating member 35, and at least one commutator piece 34A of the commutator pieces 34a is embedded. The volume is set smaller than that of the other commutator piece 34a. That is, the commutator piece 34a excluding the commutator piece 34A has the protrusions P at both ends of the dovetail part, but the commutator piece 34A does not have the protrusions P. Since the volume of the commutator piece 34A is reduced by the amount not having the protrusion P, the heat capacity of the commutator piece 34A decreases and the temperature rises quickly. For this reason, the protrusion P constitutes a raised means for reducing the volume of the commutator piece 34A.

As shown in FIGS. 3A and 3B, a resin fitting ring 38 having a protruding portion 38a protruding in the radial direction is press-fitted and fixed to the outer peripheral portion of each riser 34c of the commutator 34. Yes. The protrusion 38a corresponds to the commutator piece 34A, and a minute gap M is formed between the protrusion 38a and the commutator piece 34A.
The outer dimension (D) including the protrusion 38 a of the fitting ring 38 is set to be smaller than the outer dimension (E) of the starting motor 2. This setting can be made by reducing the thickness (t) of the fitting ring 38, and the existing empty space can be effectively used without increasing the size of the starter motor 2 and changing the shape of other parts. Thus, the fitting ring 38 can be attached.

  A planetary gear reduction device T shown in FIG. 1 has a sun gear 12 provided on the rotating shaft 11 of the armature 29 on the pinion 5 side, a planetary gear 13 meshing with the sun gear 12, and an internal gear 14 meshing with the planetary gear 13. Then, the revolution movement of the planetary gear 13 is transmitted to the output shaft 3 via the carrier 15. The planetary gear 13 is rotatably supported via a bearing 17 with respect to a carrier pin 16 press-fitted into the carrier 15.

The output shaft 3 is arranged coaxially with the rotary shaft 11 of the armature 29, and the carrier 15 is integrally provided at the rear end portion. The output shaft 3 is provided with a helical spline 3 a that couples the one-way clutch 6.
The one-way clutch 6 includes an outer 6a and an inner 6b to which the rotation of the output shaft 3 is transmitted via the helical spline 3a, and a roller 6c that transmits the rotation of the outer 6a to the inner 6b. The inner 6b has a pinion 5 that extends along the output shaft 3 and meshes with the ring gear 24 on the engine side.

  In the above configuration, when the electromagnetic clutch 9 is operated by operating the key switch, the lever 10 rotates about the fulcrum 10a as the plunger 7 is displaced, and the one-way clutch 6 is output via the lever 10 to the output shaft. 3 is pushed forward to the left in FIG. As a result, the output shaft 3 slides forward together with the one-way clutch 6, and the pinion 5 meshes with the ring gear 24.

  When the contact of the starter motor 2 is closed along with the displacement of the plunger 7, power is supplied to the armature coil 33 through the connection lead 36, the brush 36a and the commutator 34, and the armature 29 of the starter motor 2 is energized to rotate. Start. The rotation of the armature 29 is decelerated by the planetary gear reduction device T and transmitted to the output shaft 3, and cranking is performed to rotate the ring gear 24 that meshes with the pinion 5 via the one-way clutch 6.

  When the engine is started, the rotational speed of the pinion 5 that meshes with the ring gear 24 exceeds the rotational speed of the output shaft 3, but power transmission to the output shaft 3 is interrupted by the one-way clutch 6 to prevent overrun of the armature 29. When the key switch is released after the start, the plunger 7 of the electromagnetic clutch 9 returns to the standby position, so that the one-way clutch 6 moves along the output shaft 3 via the lever 10 to the rear, which is the right side of FIG. Pulled back.

  Accordingly, the one-way clutch 6 and the pinion 5 are detached from the ring gear 24 and returned to the original stationary position. Due to the return displacement of the plunger 7, the contact of the starting motor 2 is opened, the power supply to the armature 29 is stopped, and the rotation of the armature 29 is stopped.

  When the engine is started, if the engine is not running well, the starter motor 2 of the starter 1 is often energized continuously. In this case, the commutator piece 34A in which the volume of the portion embedded in the insulating member 35 is small generates more heat than the other commutator pieces 34a, and the thermal expansion amount thereof is larger than that of the other commutator pieces 34a. Become. Further, as shown in FIG. 2B, the commutator piece 34A does not have the protrusion P at the dovetail portion, so that the centrifugal strength due to rotation is lower than that of the other commutator piece 34a. Yes.

From the amount of thermal expansion and centrifugal strength, the commutator piece 34A rises from the cylindrical surface of the commutator 34, the amount of wear of the brush 36a increases, the output of the starter motor 2 decreases, and the engine speed is greatly reduced. Let For this reason, it is possible to know a change in the starter 1 from a decrease in the output of the starter motor 2, and to stop the energization of the starter 1 at an early stage, thereby preventing damage to the starter 1.
In addition, since the commutator piece 34A that is raised from the cylindrical surface of the commutator 34 is restrained by the minute gap M in the protrusion 38a of the fitting ring 38, the commutator piece 34A does not separate from the insulating member 35, Since there is no grounding on the electronic circuit in the starter motor 2, there is no possibility of having a secondary influence on the starter motor 2.

  4 (a) and 4 (b) show Embodiment 2 of the present invention. The second embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that a part of the outer peripheral portion of the fitting ring 38 is bent in an arc shape to provide a protrusion 38a. In this case, since a part of the outer peripheral portion of the fitting ring 38 is bent in an arc shape, the plurality of commutator pieces 34A correspond to the protrusions 38a.

For this reason, even if any of the plurality of commutator pieces 34 </ b> A is raised, the user can quickly detect a change in the starter motor 2, and the commutator piece 34 </ b> A does not leave the insulating member 35, and There is no possibility of grounding on the electronic circuit, and there is no possibility of secondary influence on the starting motor 2. Moreover, since all of the plurality of commutator pieces 34A are raised, the probability of notifying the user of any change in the starter 1 is high and safe.
Further, when the fitting ring 38 is press-fitted and fixed to the riser 34c, the protrusion 38a only needs to be fitted to any one of the commutator pieces 34A. Be easy and quick.

  FIGS. 4C and 4D show Embodiment 3 of the present invention. The third embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that a positioning piece 35a is provided at a position corresponding to the commutator piece 34A on the end face portion of the insulating member 35 in the commutator 34. For this reason, when the fitting ring 38 is press-fitted and fixed to the riser 34c, the positioning piece 35a performs the positioning function of the protrusion 38a, and the press-fitting and fixing work can be performed quickly by matching the protrusion 38a with the positioning piece 35a. Become.

  FIGS. 5A and 5B show Embodiment 4 of the present invention. The difference between the fourth embodiment and the second embodiment is that the protrusion 38a is greatly deformed by bending a part of the outer peripheral portion of the fitting ring 38 into a deeper arc. As a result, the number of commutator pieces 34A located in the minute gap M increases, and the effect achieved in the second embodiment is enhanced.

  FIGS. 5C and 5D show Embodiment 5 of the present invention. The fifth embodiment differs from the first embodiment in that the width dimension (H) along the circumferential direction of the protrusion 38a in the fitting ring 38 is set large. As a result, as in the fourth embodiment, the number of commutator pieces 34A located in the minute gap M is increased, and the effect in the second embodiment is enhanced.

  FIG. 6 shows Embodiment 6 of the present invention. The sixth embodiment differs from the first embodiment in that a plurality of fitting rings 38 having different projecting dimensions (W) along the radial direction of the projecting portion 38a are provided to be exchangeable with respect to the riser 34c of the commutator 34. is there. For this reason, the amount of protrusion of the commutator piece 34A by using the fitting ring 38 having a large protrusion dimension (W) of the protrusion 38a among (a), (b), and (c) of FIG. , The wear of the brush 36a on the commutator piece 34A increases, and the output of the starter motor 2 decreases. Thereby, the number of revolutions of the engine is remarkably lowered, and the user can detect an abnormality of the starter 1 at an early stage and can stop the continuous energization to the starter 1 at an early stage.

FIG. 7 shows a list of types of embossing means. The commutator piece 34A in FIG. 7A has a straight dovetail portion 34B, and the other commutator piece 34a forms a constricted portion 34C, reducing the volume of the commutator piece 34A and increasing the centrifugal strength. It is decreasing.
In FIG. 7B, a protrusion P is provided on one side of the dovetail portion of the commutator piece 34A, and the volume of the portion embedded in the insulating member 35 is set smaller than the other commutator pieces 34a. Yes.

In FIG. 7C, the commutator piece 34 </ b> A is provided with an inclined portion 34 </ b> D so that the volume of the portion embedded in the insulating member 35 is smaller than the other commutator pieces 34 a.
In FIG. 7D, a fin-shaped curled portion 34E is provided only at one end of the commutator piece 34A, and a curled portion 34E is provided at both ends of the other commutator piece 34a. The volume of the portion embedded in 35 is made smaller than that of the other commutator piece 34a.

In each embodiment, one protrusion 38a of the fitting ring 38 is provided as a single unit on its circumference, but two or three may be provided.
Further, the fitting ring 38 is press-fitted and fixed to the riser 34c of the commutator 34. However, the fitting ring 38 is not limited to this, and the fitting ring 38 is fixed to the riser 34c using attachment means such as an adhesive, welding, or ultrasonic fusion. It may be.

(Example 1) which is a partial cross section side view of a starter. (A) is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a commutator shown with a fitting ring, (b) is a partial cross-sectional view of a commutator (Example 1). (A) is a side view of a starting motor, (b) is a front view of a starting motor (Example 1). (A) is a front view of a fitting ring press-fitted to the riser (Example 2), (b) is a front view of the fitting ring (Example 2), and (c) is a fitting ring press-fitted to the riser. Front views (Example 3) and (d) are front views of a fitting ring (Example 3). (A) is a front view of a fitting ring press-fitted to the riser (Example 4), (b) is a front view of the fitting ring (Example 4), and (c) is a fitting ring press-fitted to the riser. Front views (Example 5) and (d) are front views of a fitting ring (Example 5). 5). (A)-(c) is a front view of several fitting rings from which the protrusion dimension of a protrusion differs (Example 6). (A)-(d) is the cross-sectional view which enumerates the type of embossing means, and a longitudinal cross-sectional view.

Explanation of symbols

1 Starter for engine start 2 Start motor (motor)
3 Output shaft 5 Pinion 24 Ring gear 29 Armature 34 Commutator 34A At least one commutator piece 34B Straight section (lifting means)
34D inclined part (lifting means)
34E Curl (lifting means)
34a Commutator piece 34c Riser 35 Insulating member 35a Positioning piece part 36a Brush 37 Coil wire 38 Fitting ring 38a Protrusion D Peripheral dimension including the protrusion part of the fitting ring E External dimension of the starting motor H Width part of the protrusion W Projection Projection dimension M Minute gap P Projection (lifting means)
T planetary gear reducer

Claims (7)

An armature having a commutator, and a motor that is supplied with power to the armature through a brush that contacts the commutator and transmits rotational force to the engine by energization;
The commutator is formed by arranging a plurality of commutator pieces held by an insulating member at equal intervals, and at least one of the commutator pieces has a continuous energization time to the motor. A starter for starting an engine, which is configured to be raised outward from the other commutator pieces by the lifting means as it is extended, and to notify the abnormality by reducing the rotation speed of the motor,
A fitting ring is fixed to the outer peripheral portion of the riser of the commutator piece to which the coil wire of the armature is connected, and a protrusion projecting in the radial direction is formed on a part of the fitting ring. A starter for starting an engine, characterized in that a minute gap is provided between the riser and the riser of the commutator piece that protrudes.   The starter for starting an engine according to claim 1, wherein the protrusion forms the minute gap across the riser of two or more commutator pieces. Starter.   2. The starter for starting an engine according to claim 1, wherein the fitting ring forms the protrusion by bending a part of an outer peripheral portion in an arc shape, and is fixed to the riser. A starter for starting an engine, characterized in that the minute gap is formed with the riser of two commutator pieces.   2. The starter for starting an engine according to claim 1, wherein an outer peripheral dimension including the protrusion of the fitting ring is set to be smaller than an outer dimension of the motor. 3. .   2. The starter for starting an engine according to claim 1, wherein a positioning piece corresponding to the at least one commutator piece is provided in the insulating member among the plurality of commutator pieces. Starter.   The starter for starting an engine according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of fitting rings having different projecting dimensions along the radial direction of the projecting portion are provided so as to be replaceable with respect to the riser. Starter.   2. The starter for starting an engine according to claim 1, wherein the floating means is configured to make the at least one commutator piece smaller than the other commutator pieces with respect to a volume of a portion embedded in the insulating member. An engine starter characterized in that it is configured by setting.

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