JP2006287330A - Electronic camera, and imaging control program - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an electronic camera, etc. which can perform imaging while preventing picture quality deterioration resulting from blurring and exposure. <P>SOLUTION: If a release button is fully pressed, an exposure timer is set according to a light measuring value and an exposure condition, and timer measuring starts (S113). Moreover, a blurring value of the digital camera is detected and recorded one by one (S114). It is discriminated whether a blurring reduction imaging mode is set or not beforehand (S117), if it is set, sensitivity/electric charge storing efficiency or an aperture of an iris diaphragm is controlled (S118) according to exposure elapse time corresponding to measuring of the timer which starts at the S113. Namely, sensitivity/electric charge storing efficiency in an early stage of imaging is made to increase. Therefore, even if it is discriminated that the detected blurring value of a step S119 exceeds a predetermined value, exposure/imaging operation is made to stop, and a shutter is closed in a step S122; it is possible to image a picture in which underexposure is little. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to an electronic camera that captures an image of a subject and records it as a still image, and an imaging control program.

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a camera that captures a still image while preventing deterioration in image quality due to camera shake is known. This camera has an angular velocity detecting means for detecting an angular velocity applied to the camera and a closing signal to the shutter when the angular velocity detected by the angular velocity detecting means exceeds an allowable value after the shutter starts to open. Forcibly closing the shutter. In other words, if the camera shake exceeds an allowable value after the shutter is opened, the shutter is forcibly closed even before the proper exposure is achieved, thereby preventing the shooting of a blurred image (Patent Document 1). reference).
Japanese Patent No. 2842662

  However, in the above-described conventional camera, when the angular velocity detected by the angular velocity detecting means exceeds the allowable value, the shutter is forcibly closed even before the appropriate exposure is reached, so that camera shake occurs. In such a case, an underexposed image is taken. Therefore, an image without camera shake can be taken and image quality deterioration due to camera shake can be prevented, but on the other hand, the image quality is deteriorated due to insufficient exposure of the photographed image.

  The present invention has been made in view of such conventional problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide an electronic camera and an imaging control program that can perform imaging while preventing deterioration in image quality due to camera shake and exposure. .

  In order to solve the above problems, an electronic camera according to the first aspect of the present invention is an image pickup means for picking up an image of a subject by exposure and outputting an image signal, and a shake amount detection for detecting a shake amount of the camera body. Means, a first judging means for judging whether or not the camera shake amount detected by the camera shake amount detecting means during exposure of the imaging means is a predetermined value or more, a first mode, a second mode A second determination unit that determines whether one of the modes is set, and when the second determination unit determines that the first mode is set, according to an operation When it is determined by the first imaging control unit that exposes the imaging unit for a predetermined time and the second determination unit that the second mode is set, exposure of the imaging unit is performed according to an operation. And start the A second imaging control unit that forcibly terminates the exposure of the imaging unit in response to a determination that the amount of camera shake is greater than or equal to a predetermined value during the exposure of the imaging unit; When the second determination unit determines that the second mode is set, the imaging sensitivity of the imaging unit or the aperture ratio of the diaphragm is greater than when the first mode is set. And a third imaging control means for increasing.

  Therefore, in the state where the second mode is set, if the amount of camera shake is equal to or greater than a predetermined value, the camera shake is forcibly terminated with an exposure time shorter than the predetermined exposure time. It is possible to prevent a blurred image due to the image from being captured. In this image, although blurring is prevented, since the exposure time is shorter than the predetermined exposure time, the image quality is deteriorated due to insufficient exposure. However, in the state where the second mode is set, the imaging sensitivity of the imaging means or the aperture ratio of the diaphragm is increased as compared with the case where the first mode is set. Therefore, in the second mode in which the imaging sensitivity of the imaging means or the aperture ratio of the diaphragm is increased, even if the exposure of the imaging means is forcibly terminated with an exposure time shorter than the predetermined exposure time, the exposure time is the predetermined exposure. Underexposure due to being shorter than time can be compensated for in advance. Therefore, it is possible to prevent a blur image due to camera shake from being captured, and to compensate for an underexposure caused by an exposure time being shorter than a predetermined exposure time. An image in which deterioration in image quality due to insufficient exposure is suppressed and prevented can be obtained.

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the electronic camera according to the second aspect, the imaging unit includes an imaging element and an amplification circuit that amplifies an image signal output from the imaging element, and the second imaging control unit includes the second imaging control unit. The imaging sensitivity of the imaging means is increased by increasing the amplification gain of the amplifier circuit.

  In the electronic camera according to claim 3, the image pickup unit includes an image pickup device, and the second image pickup control unit adds neighboring pixel components in the image signal output from the image pickup device. As a result, the imaging sensitivity of the imaging means is increased.

  According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the electronic camera according to the fourth aspect, the imaging means includes the imaging means, and the second imaging control means performs pixel addition reading from the imaging element. The imaging sensitivity of the imaging means is increased.

  According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, there is provided an electronic camera that receives light during exposure and accumulates electric charges to image a subject, and a camera shake amount detecting unit that detects a camera shake amount of the camera body, A blur determination unit that determines whether or not the camera shake amount detected by the camera shake amount detection unit during exposure of the image pickup unit is greater than or equal to a predetermined value, and exposes the imaging unit for a predetermined time according to an operation. In addition, when the camera shake determination unit determines that the amount of camera shake is greater than or equal to a predetermined value during the exposure of the imaging unit, the first imaging control forcibly ends the exposure of the imaging unit in response thereto And second imaging control means for variably controlling charge accumulation efficiency of the imaging means during exposure of the imaging means.

  Therefore, when the amount of camera shake is equal to or greater than the predetermined value, it is possible to forcibly terminate the exposure of the imaging unit with an exposure time shorter than the predetermined exposure time, thereby causing a blur image due to camera shake to be captured. Can be prevented. In this image, although blurring is prevented, since the exposure time is shorter than the predetermined exposure time, the image quality is deteriorated due to insufficient exposure. However, during the exposure of the imaging means, the charge storage efficiency of the imaging means is variably controlled. Therefore, the charge storage efficiency of the imaging means is variably controlled, so that the exposure time is shorter than the predetermined exposure time even if the exposure of the imaging means is forcibly terminated with an exposure time shorter than the predetermined exposure time. It can compensate for underexposure. Therefore, it is possible to prevent a blur image due to camera shake from being captured, and to compensate for an underexposure caused by an exposure time being shorter than a predetermined exposure time. An image in which deterioration in image quality due to insufficient exposure is suppressed and prevented can be obtained.

  According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, in the electronic camera according to the sixth aspect, the second imaging control unit increases the charge accumulation efficiency at the beginning of exposure of the imaging unit. Therefore, even if camera shake occurs immediately after the exposure of the image pickup means is started, it is possible to compensate for an underexposure due to the exposure time being shorter than the predetermined exposure time.

  According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, in the electronic camera according to the seventh aspect, the second imaging control unit increases the storage efficiency so as to increase and gradually decrease the charge storage efficiency at the beginning of exposure of the imaging unit. Variable control. Therefore, even when camera shake occurs immediately after the exposure of the imaging means is started, it is possible not only to compensate for the underexposure due to the exposure time being shorter than the predetermined exposure time, but also camera shake. Does not occur, and overexposure when the imaging means is exposed for a predetermined time can be suppressed.

  In the electronic camera according to an eighth aspect of the invention, the second imaging control unit variably controls the accumulation efficiency by weighting according to the passage of the exposure time of the imaging unit. Therefore, even if camera shake occurs immediately after the exposure of the imaging means is started, not only can the exposure underexposure due to the exposure time being shorter than the predetermined exposure time be compensated, but camera shake occurs. First, overexposure can be appropriately suppressed when the imaging means is exposed for a predetermined time.

  According to a ninth aspect of the present invention, there is provided an electronic camera comprising: a mode determining unit that determines whether the first mode or the second mode is set; and the first mode by the mode determining unit. If it is determined that the image capturing unit is set, the image capturing unit is further provided with a third image capturing control unit that exposes the image capturing unit for a predetermined time according to an operation. When it is determined that the second mode is set, the image pickup unit is exposed for a predetermined time according to an operation, and the amount of camera shake during the exposure of the image pickup unit is determined by the shake determination unit. If it is determined that the value is greater than or equal to a predetermined value, the exposure of the imaging unit is forcibly terminated in response to this, and the second imaging control unit determines that the integral value of the charge accumulation efficiency within the predetermined time is The above To be substantially equal to the integral value of the storage efficiency within the predetermined time in the first mode, variably controlling the storage efficiency.

  Therefore, in the state where the second mode is set, if the amount of camera shake is equal to or greater than a predetermined value, the camera shake is forcibly terminated with an exposure time shorter than the predetermined exposure time. It is possible to prevent a blurred image due to the image from being captured. In this image, although blurring is prevented, since the exposure time is shorter than the predetermined exposure time, the image quality is deteriorated due to insufficient exposure. However, in the state in which the second mode is set, the charge storage efficiency of the imaging unit is variably controlled. Therefore, the charge storage efficiency of the imaging means is variably controlled, so that the exposure time is shorter than the predetermined exposure time even if the exposure of the imaging means is forcibly terminated with an exposure time shorter than the predetermined exposure time. It can compensate for underexposure. Therefore, it is possible to prevent a blur image due to camera shake from being captured, and to compensate for an underexposure caused by an exposure time being shorter than a predetermined exposure time. An image in which deterioration in image quality due to insufficient exposure is suppressed and prevented can be obtained.

  Moreover, in the second mode, the integration value of the charge storage efficiency within a predetermined time is substantially equal to the integration value of the storage efficiency within the predetermined time in the first mode. Efficiency is variably controlled. Therefore, even if camera shake occurs immediately after the exposure of the imaging means is started, not only can the exposure underexposure due to the exposure time being shorter than the predetermined exposure time be compensated, but camera shake occurs. First, when the imaging means is exposed for a predetermined time, an image having the same image quality as that obtained when shooting in the first mode can be obtained without being overexposed.

  According to a tenth aspect of the present invention, there is provided an electronic camera that captures an image of a subject by exposure, an aperture disposed on a light receiving surface side of the imaging unit, and a hand that detects a camera shake amount of the camera body. A shake amount detecting unit; a shake determining unit that determines whether or not the amount of camera shake detected by the hand shake amount detecting unit during exposure of the image pickup unit is greater than or equal to a predetermined value; and the imaging according to an operation. The exposure means for a predetermined time, and when the shake determination means determines that the amount of camera shake is greater than or equal to a predetermined value during the exposure of the imaging means, the exposure of the imaging means is forcibly terminated in response to this. First imaging control means to be controlled, and second imaging control means for variably controlling the aperture ratio of the diaphragm during exposure of the imaging means.

  Therefore, when the amount of camera shake is equal to or greater than the predetermined value, it is possible to forcibly terminate the exposure of the imaging unit with an exposure time shorter than the predetermined exposure time, thereby causing a blur image due to camera shake to be captured. Can be prevented. In this image, although blurring is prevented, since the exposure time is shorter than the predetermined exposure time, the image quality is deteriorated due to insufficient exposure. However, the aperture ratio of the diaphragm is variably controlled during the exposure of the imaging means. Therefore, the aperture ratio of the aperture is variably controlled, so that even if the exposure of the imaging unit is forcibly terminated with an exposure time shorter than the predetermined exposure time, the exposure time is shorter than the predetermined exposure time. You can make up for it. Therefore, it is possible to prevent a blur image due to camera shake from being captured, and to compensate for an underexposure caused by an exposure time being shorter than a predetermined exposure time. An image in which deterioration in image quality due to insufficient exposure is suppressed and prevented can be obtained.

  In the electronic camera according to an eleventh aspect, the second imaging control means increases the aperture ratio of the diaphragm at the beginning of exposure of the imaging means. Therefore, even when camera shake occurs immediately after the exposure of the imaging means is started, it is possible not only to compensate for the underexposure due to the exposure time being shorter than the predetermined exposure time, but also camera shake. Does not occur, and overexposure when the imaging means is exposed for a predetermined time can be suppressed.

  In the electronic camera according to a twelfth aspect of the present invention, the second imaging control means increases the aperture ratio so that the aperture ratio of the diaphragm is increased and gradually decreased at the beginning of exposure of the imaging means. Variable control. Therefore, even when camera shake occurs immediately after the exposure of the imaging means is started, it is possible not only to compensate for the underexposure due to the exposure time being shorter than the predetermined exposure time, but also camera shake. Does not occur, and overexposure when the imaging means is exposed for a predetermined time can be suppressed.

  In the electronic camera according to a thirteenth aspect of the invention, the second imaging control unit variably controls the aperture ratio by weighting according to the passage of the exposure time of the imaging unit. Therefore, even if camera shake occurs immediately after the exposure of the imaging means is started, not only can the exposure underexposure due to the exposure time being shorter than the predetermined exposure time be compensated, but camera shake occurs. First, overexposure can be appropriately suppressed when the imaging means is exposed for a predetermined time.

  According to a fourteenth aspect of the present invention, there is provided an electronic camera comprising: a mode determining unit that determines whether one of the first mode and the second mode is set; and the first mode by the mode determining unit. If it is determined that the image capturing unit is set, the image capturing unit is further provided with a third image capturing control unit that exposes the image capturing unit for a predetermined time according to an operation. When it is determined that the second mode is set, the image pickup unit is exposed for a predetermined time according to an operation, and the amount of camera shake during the exposure of the image pickup unit is determined by the shake determination unit. If it is determined that it is greater than or equal to a predetermined value, the exposure of the imaging means is forcibly terminated in response to this, and the second imaging control means has an integral value of the aperture ratio of the diaphragm within the predetermined time. The above To be substantially equal to the integral value of the aperture ratio within the predetermined time in the first mode, for variably controlling the aperture ratio.

  Therefore, in the state where the second mode is set, if the amount of camera shake is equal to or greater than a predetermined value, the camera shake is forcibly terminated with an exposure time shorter than the predetermined exposure time. It is possible to prevent a blurred image due to the image from being captured. In this image, although blurring is prevented, since the exposure time is shorter than the predetermined exposure time, the image quality is deteriorated due to insufficient exposure. However, in the state in which the second mode is set, the aperture ratio of the diaphragm is variably controlled. Therefore, the aperture ratio of the aperture is variably controlled, so that even if the exposure of the imaging unit is forcibly terminated with an exposure time shorter than the predetermined exposure time, the exposure time is shorter than the predetermined exposure time. You can make up for it. Therefore, it is possible to prevent a blur image due to camera shake from being captured, and to compensate for an underexposure caused by an exposure time being shorter than a predetermined exposure time. An image in which deterioration in image quality due to insufficient exposure is suppressed and prevented can be obtained.

  In addition, in the second mode, the integral value of the aperture ratio of the diaphragm within a predetermined time is substantially equal to the integral value of the aperture ratio of the diaphragm within the predetermined time in the first mode. The aperture ratio of the diaphragm is variably controlled. Therefore, even if camera shake occurs immediately after the exposure of the imaging means is started, not only can the exposure underexposure due to the exposure time being shorter than the predetermined exposure time be compensated, but camera shake occurs. First, when the imaging means is exposed for a predetermined time, an image having the same image quality as that obtained when shooting in the first mode can be obtained without being overexposed.

  The electronic camera according to a fifteenth aspect of the present invention further includes correction processing means for correcting the image captured by the imaging means when the imaging control means forcibly terminates exposure of the imaging means. Therefore, when the image quality is deteriorated due to underexposure, the correction processing means corrects the image to improve the image quality deterioration due to underexposure.

  Further, in the electronic camera according to claim 16, the correction processing unit corrects the image by adding neighboring pixels in the image captured by the imaging unit, and the predetermined time and the The number of pixels to be added is variably controlled based on an underexposure time that is a time difference from the forcibly terminated exposure time. Therefore, it is possible to appropriately increase the luminance of the pixel component added according to the underexposure time.

  According to a seventeenth aspect of the present invention, there is provided an electronic camera that captures an image of a subject when exposed, a camera shake amount detecting unit that detects a camera shake amount of the camera body, A blur determination unit that determines whether or not the amount of camera shake detected by the camera shake amount detection unit is equal to or greater than a predetermined value, and the imaging unit is exposed for a predetermined time according to an operation. When it is determined that the amount of camera shake is greater than or equal to a predetermined value during the exposure of the image pickup means, an image pickup control means for forcibly terminating the exposure of the image pickup means in response thereto, and the image pickup control means includes the image pickup means And correction processing means for correcting the image by adding neighboring pixels in the image captured by the imaging means.

  Therefore, when the amount of camera shake is equal to or greater than the predetermined value, it is possible to forcibly terminate the exposure of the imaging unit with an exposure time shorter than the predetermined exposure time, thereby causing a blur image due to camera shake to be captured. Can be prevented. In this image, although blurring is prevented, since the exposure time is shorter than the predetermined exposure time, the image quality is deteriorated due to insufficient exposure. However, image correction is performed by adding neighboring pixels in the image captured by the imaging means. Therefore, even if the exposure of the imaging unit is forcibly terminated with an exposure time shorter than the predetermined exposure time by adding neighboring pixels in the image captured by the imaging unit and correcting the image, the exposure time is the predetermined exposure time. It is possible to compensate for underexposure due to being shorter than that. Therefore, it is possible to prevent a blur image due to camera shake from being captured, and to compensate for an underexposure caused by an exposure time being shorter than a predetermined exposure time. An image in which deterioration in image quality due to insufficient exposure is suppressed and prevented can be obtained.

  In the electronic camera according to claim 18, the correction processing unit may vary the number of pixels to be added based on an underexposure time that is a time difference between the predetermined time and the exposure time forcibly terminated. Control. Therefore, it is possible to appropriately increase the luminance of the pixel component added according to the underexposure time.

  The electronic camera according to a nineteenth aspect of the present invention further includes a recording control unit that causes the recording unit to record an image captured by the imaging unit or an image corrected by the correction processing unit. Therefore, by recording the image on the recording means, it is possible to record an image with no image blur due to camera shake and with suppressed image quality degradation due to insufficient exposure.

  An imaging control program according to a twentieth aspect of the invention is an electronic device comprising imaging means for imaging a subject by exposure and outputting an image signal, and camera shake amount detection means for detecting a camera shake amount of the camera body. A first determination unit configured to determine whether the camera shake amount detected by the camera shake amount detection unit during exposure of the imaging unit is equal to or greater than a predetermined value; A second determination means for determining which one of the second modes is set, and an operation when the second determination means determines that the first mode is set. In response to the first imaging control unit that exposes the imaging unit for a predetermined time and the second determination unit determines that the second mode is set, the imaging unit according to an operation Means And the first determining means forcibly terminates the exposure of the imaging means in response to determining that the amount of camera shake is greater than or equal to a predetermined value during the exposure of the imaging means. When the second imaging control unit and the second determination unit determine that the second mode is set, the imaging unit does not have the first mode than when the first mode is set. It functions as a third imaging control means for increasing the imaging sensitivity or the aperture ratio of the stop. Therefore, when the computer executes processing according to this program, the same effects as those of the first aspect of the invention can be obtained.

  According to a twenty-first aspect of the present invention, there is provided an image pickup control program that receives an image during exposure and accumulates electric charges to pick up an image of a subject, and a camera shake amount detection unit that detects a camera shake amount of a camera body. A computer having an electronic camera comprising: a blur determination unit that determines whether or not the camera shake amount detected by the camera shake amount detection unit during exposure of the imaging unit is greater than or equal to a predetermined value; The image pickup means is exposed for a predetermined time, and when the shake determination means determines that the amount of camera shake is greater than or equal to a predetermined value during exposure of the image pickup means, the exposure of the image pickup means in response thereto A first imaging control means for forcibly terminating the function, and a second imaging control means for variably controlling the charge storage efficiency of the imaging means during exposure of the imaging means. . Therefore, when the computer executes processing according to this program, the same effect as that of the invention of claim 5 can be obtained.

  According to a twenty-second aspect of the present invention, there is provided an image pickup control program for detecting an image pickup means for picking up an image of a subject by exposure, an aperture disposed on a light receiving surface side of the image pickup means, and a camera shake amount of a camera body. A blur determination that determines whether the camera shake amount detected by the camera shake amount detection means during exposure of the image pickup means is greater than or equal to a predetermined value by using a computer included in the electronic camera including the camera shake amount detection means And the imaging means is exposed for a predetermined time in response to the operation, and when the blur determining means determines that the amount of camera shake is greater than or equal to a predetermined value during the exposure of the imaging means, it responds to this. First imaging control means for forcibly terminating the exposure of the imaging means, and second imaging control means for variably controlling the aperture ratio of the diaphragm during the exposure of the imaging means To function. Therefore, when the computer executes processing according to this program, the same function and effect as those of the tenth aspect of the invention can be attained.

  According to a twenty-third aspect of the present invention, there is provided an image capturing control program comprising: a computer included in an electronic camera including an image capturing unit that captures an image of a subject by exposure; and a camera shake amount detecting unit that detects a camera shake amount of the camera body. A blur determination unit that determines whether the camera shake amount detected by the camera shake amount detection unit is greater than or equal to a predetermined value during exposure of the imaging unit; and the imaging unit is exposed for a predetermined time according to an operation. And an imaging control means for forcibly terminating the exposure of the imaging means in response to a determination that the amount of camera shake is greater than or equal to a predetermined value during exposure of the imaging means by the blur determination means. When the imaging control means forcibly terminates the exposure of the imaging means, image correction is performed by adding neighboring pixels in the image captured by the imaging means. To function as a positive treatment means. Therefore, when the computer executes processing according to this program, the same effect as that attained by the 17th aspect can be attained.

  As described above, according to the inventions according to claims 1 and 20, in the state where the second mode is set, when the amount of camera shake is equal to or greater than a predetermined value, the exposure of the imaging unit is set to the predetermined exposure. By forcibly terminating with an exposure time shorter than the time, it is possible to prevent a blurred image due to camera shake from being captured. In addition, in the state where the second mode is set, the imaging sensitivity of the imaging means or the aperture ratio of the diaphragm is increased as compared with the case where the first mode is set. Therefore, in the second mode in which the imaging sensitivity of the imaging means or the aperture ratio of the diaphragm is increased, even if the exposure of the imaging means is forcibly terminated with an exposure time shorter than the predetermined exposure time, the exposure time is the predetermined exposure. Underexposure due to being shorter than time can be compensated for in advance. Therefore, it is possible to prevent a blur image due to camera shake from being captured, and to compensate for an underexposure caused by an exposure time being shorter than a predetermined exposure time. It is possible to capture an image in which deterioration in image quality due to insufficient exposure is suppressed and prevented.

  According to the inventions according to claims 5 and 21, when the amount of camera shake is equal to or greater than a predetermined value, the camera shake is forcibly terminated with an exposure time shorter than the predetermined exposure time. It is possible to prevent a blurred image due to the image from being captured. In addition, during the exposure of the imaging means, the charge storage efficiency of the imaging means is variably controlled. Therefore, the charge storage efficiency of the imaging means is variably controlled, so that the exposure time is shorter than the predetermined exposure time even if the exposure of the imaging means is forcibly terminated with an exposure time shorter than the predetermined exposure time. It can compensate for underexposure. Therefore, it is possible to prevent a blur image due to camera shake from being captured, and to compensate for an underexposure caused by an exposure time being shorter than a predetermined exposure time. It is possible to capture an image in which deterioration in image quality due to insufficient exposure is suppressed and prevented.

  According to the inventions of claims 10 and 22, when the amount of camera shake is equal to or greater than a predetermined value, the camera shake is forcibly terminated with an exposure time shorter than the predetermined exposure time. It is possible to prevent a blurred image due to the image from being captured. In addition, the aperture ratio of the diaphragm is variably controlled during the exposure of the imaging means. Therefore, the aperture ratio of the aperture is variably controlled, so that even if the exposure of the imaging unit is forcibly terminated with an exposure time shorter than the predetermined exposure time, the exposure time is shorter than the predetermined exposure time. You can make up for it. Therefore, it is possible to prevent a blur image due to camera shake from being captured, and to compensate for an underexposure caused by an exposure time being shorter than a predetermined exposure time. It is possible to capture an image in which deterioration in image quality due to insufficient exposure is suppressed and prevented.

  According to the seventeenth and twenty-third aspects of the present invention, when the amount of camera shake is equal to or greater than a predetermined value, the camera shake is forcibly terminated with an exposure time shorter than the predetermined exposure time. It is possible to prevent a blurred image due to the image from being captured. In addition, image correction is performed by adding neighboring pixels in the image captured by the imaging unit. Therefore, even if the exposure of the imaging unit is forcibly terminated with an exposure time shorter than the predetermined exposure time by adding neighboring pixels in the image captured by the imaging unit and correcting the image, the exposure time is the predetermined exposure time. It is possible to compensate for underexposure due to being shorter than that. Therefore, it is possible to prevent a blur image due to camera shake from being captured, and to compensate for an underexposure caused by an exposure time being shorter than a predetermined exposure time. It is possible to capture an image in which deterioration in image quality due to insufficient exposure is suppressed and prevented.

Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
(First embodiment)
1A is a front view of a digital camera 1 common to each embodiment, FIG. 1B is a rear view, and FIG. 1C is a side perspective view. The main body 2 of the digital camera 1 is provided with a release button (shutter switch) 3 and a power switch 4 having a half-press function on the upper surface portion, and a grip portion 5, a strobe 6 and an image pickup device on the front portion. A light receiving window 7 of the lens unit is arranged. Also, on the back side, a mode changeover switch 8, a zoom operation key 9, a cursor key 10, a determination / OK key 11 that is also used as an on / off key for hand shake display, and a DISP that is also used as an on / off key for hand shake display. A display unit 14 including an LCD that also functions as a key 12, a menu key 13, and an electronic viewfinder is disposed, and a battery storage unit 15 is provided. In addition, a first acceleration sensor 16 that detects the angular velocity in the vertical direction and a second angular velocity sensor 17 that detects the angular acceleration in the horizontal direction are disposed inside, and a rotating mirror 18, a lens group 19, and an image sensor. 20 etc. are arranged.

  FIG. 2 is a block diagram illustrating a schematic circuit configuration of the digital camera 1. The digital camera 1 includes a control unit 100 and a photographing control unit 101, and the control unit 100 includes a blur reduction mode selection unit 103 and a print paper size selection unit 104. The imaging control unit 101 includes a blur amount determination unit 108, an exposure setting unit 109, a sensitivity / charge accumulation efficiency control unit 111, and an underexposure amount determination unit 112. The shake amount determination means 108 is supplied with the outputs from the selection means 103 and 104 and receives signals from the shake detection sensors 105 and 106 via the shake detection means 107. The exposure setting unit 109 includes an exposure time timer 110, and a signal from the photometry unit 113 and a determination result from the blur amount determination unit 108 are input, and time information from the exposure time timer 110 is input to the underexposure amount determination unit 112. Is done.

  On the other hand, an aperture 121, a shutter 122, and an image sensor 123 are disposed on the optical axis of the photographing optical system 120. The photographing optical system 120 is controlled by an optical system control unit 124, the diaphragm 121 is driven by a diaphragm driving unit 125, the shutter 122 is driven by a shutter driving unit 126, and the image sensor 123 is driven by a driver & timing unit 127. The signal processing circuit 128 is a circuit that processes an analog signal from the image sensor 123 and converts it into a digital signal. The signal processing circuit 128 is a CDS 129, Amp 130, ADC 131, WB / color interpolation / color correction unit 132, and γ correction unit 133. And a color matrix 134. The digital image data from the signal processing circuit 128 is supplied to the image compression / encoding unit 137 via the image buffer memory 135 and the image processing unit 136, and after being compressed and encoded, the digital image data is recorded in the image recording unit 138. It is configured to be.

  FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing a specific circuit configuration of the digital camera 1. In the figure, the operation unit 23 is composed of the switches and key groups shown in FIG. 1 such as the release button 3 and the power switch 4, and the operation information of the switches and key groups is controlled via the input circuit 24. Input to the unit 25. The control unit 25 is a microcomputer including a CPU and its peripheral circuits, a RAM that is a working memory of the CPU, and the like, and controls each unit.

  The control unit 25 includes a display memory 26, a display drive block 27, an image buffer memory 28, an image signal processing unit 29, a compression encoding / decompression decoding unit 30, a still image / moving image memory 31, a program memory 32, data A memory 33, a memory IF 34, an external I / O interface 35, a communication control block 36, a power supply control block 37, and a photographing control unit 38 are connected. The display memory 26 temporarily stores various display data displayed on the display unit 14. The display drive block 27 drives the display unit 14, and the image buffer memory 28 temporarily stores the image data when processing it.

  The image signal processing unit 29 is a DSP that executes various processes on an image signal taken in by the control unit 25 from an image sensor described later. The compression encoding / decompression decoding unit 30 decompresses the image data processed by the image signal processing unit at the time of recording, and decompresses and decodes the recorded image data at the time of reproduction. The still image / moving image memory 31 records and saves image data (still image data) captured by operating the release button 3. The program memory 32 stores a control program of the control unit 25 shown in a flowchart to be described later. The data memory 33 stores various data in advance and stores other data other than image data. The memory IF 34 is connected to a removable external memory medium 39. The external I / O interface 35 is connected to the USB connector 40, the communication control block 36 is connected to the antenna 42 via the wireless LAN transmission / reception unit 41, and the battery 43 is connected to the power control block 37. The electric power from the battery 43 is supplied to each unit via the power control block 37 and the control unit 25.

  The photographing control unit 38 is connected to each irradiation drive unit 44 for driving the irradiation angle of the strobe 6 and a strobe illumination driving unit 45 for driving the irradiation. The light receiving angle driving unit 47 to be driven, the color temperature detecting unit 48 for detecting and outputting the color temperature from the photometric / ranging sensor 46, the photometric unit 49 for detecting and outputting the photometric data, and the distance measuring data are detected and output. A distance measuring unit 50 is connected. Furthermore, the first and second angular velocity sensors 17 and 17 are connected to the photographing control unit 38 via angular velocity detectors 51 and 52 and integrators 53 and 54, respectively.

  On the other hand, the zoom lens unit 55 is provided with the rotary mirror 18, the lens group 19, and the imaging device 20, and a drive mechanism 56 that rotationally drives the rotary mirror 18 and the lens group 19. An inserted diaphragm 57 is provided, and a shutter 58 is disposed in front of the image sensor 20.

  Further, the photographing control unit 38 includes an electric mirror Y direction driving unit 59, an electric mirror X direction driving unit 60, a focus lens driving unit 61, a zoom lens driving unit 62, an aperture driving unit 63, a shutter driving unit 64, and a video signal. A processing unit 65 and a timing control & driver 66 are connected. The electric mirror Y direction drive unit 59 drives the drive mechanism 56 to operate the rotary mirror 18 in the vertical direction, and the electric mirror X direction drive unit 60 operates in the left and right direction. The focus lens driving unit 61 drives the focus lens in the lens group 19, and the zoom lens driving unit 62 is configured to enlarge or reduce the subject image according to the operation of the zoom operation key 9. The zoom lens is driven. The aperture driving unit 63 drives the aperture 57, and the shutter driving unit 64 drives the shutter 58. The video signal processor 65 is supplied with an A / D circuit that converts an analog signal from the image sensor 20 into a digital signal, a CDS that holds the digital image signal from the A / D circuit, and an image signal from the CDS. It consists of a gain adjustment amplifier (AGC), which is an analog amplifier.

  FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing the processing procedure of the present embodiment, and FIG. 5 is a timing chart showing the operation of the embodiment. The control unit 25 executes processing according to the flowchart shown in FIG. 4 based on the program stored in the program memory 32. First, it is determined whether or not the shooting mode is set by an operation of the operation unit 23 by the user (step S101). If the shooting mode is not set, other mode processing is executed (step S102). If the shooting mode is set, shooting conditions such as exposure conditions are set (step S103), and photometry processing and AF processing are executed (step S104). A through image of the subject image is displayed on the display unit 14 (step S105). Therefore, the user asks for a photo opportunity by adjusting the direction of the digital camera 1 while viewing the through image displayed on the display unit 14.

  On the other hand, the control unit 25 determines whether or not the release button 3 has been half-pressed (step S106). When the user presses the release button 3 halfway when a photo opportunity is reached (FIG. 5A), the determination in step S106 is YES. Accordingly, the process proceeds from step S106 to step S107, and the vertical and horizontal blur amounts of the digital camera 1 detected by the two acceleration sensors 16 and 17 are detected (FIG. 5 (g)) and stored in the data memory 33. Recording is performed sequentially (step S107). Further, the blur history recorded in the data memory 33 is displayed on the display unit 14 together with the through image (step S108). Therefore, in step S108, as shown in FIG. 6A, the blur amount history 142 is displayed together with the through image 141 of the subject on the display unit 14, and in the blur amount history 142, the right end is the current time point. Is the amount of blurring 143. Therefore, the user can perform the actual photographing operation (full press of the release button 3) when the blur amount is reduced by visually recognizing the current blur amount 143.

  Subsequently, photometry processing, AF processing, or AE / AF lock processing is executed (step S109), and it is determined whether the release button 3 is fully pressed (FIG. 5B) (step S110). If not, the process returns to step S106. Therefore, when the user who has pressed the release button 3 halfway releases the halfway press, the determination in step S106 is NO, and the process proceeds from step S106 to step S111. In step S111, the AE / AF lock locked in step S109 is released, and the process returns to other key processing (step S112).

  On the other hand, when the release button 3 that has been half-pressed by the user is fully pressed, the determination in step S110 becomes YES. Accordingly, the process proceeds from step S110 to step S113, an exposure timer is set in accordance with the photometric value and the exposure condition, and timer timing is started (step S113, FIG. 5 (l)). Further, the blur amounts in the vertical direction and horizontal direction of the digital camera 1 detected by the two acceleration sensors 16 and 17 are detected and sequentially recorded in the data memory 33 (step S114). Further, it is determined whether or not AE / AF is locked (step S115). If not locked, photometric processing and AF processing are executed (step S116).

  Subsequently, it is determined whether or not the blur reduction shooting mode is set in advance by an operation on the operation unit 23 (step S117). If not set, the process of step S118 and step S119 is not performed and step S120 is performed. Proceed to If it is set, the sensitivity / charge accumulation efficiency or aperture opening is controlled according to the elapsed exposure time corresponding to the timing of the timer started in step S113 (step S118). Details of the processing content of step S118 will be described later.

  Further, it is determined whether or not the detected blur amount detected in step S114 is within a predetermined value (step S119). When the detected blur amount is within the predetermined value, and when the blur amount reduction shooting mode is not set, the exposure / shooting operation is started according to the shooting conditions (step S120, FIG. 5 (m)). Through the processing in step S120, the shutter 58 is opened and the image sensor 20 is exposed.

  Next, it is determined whether or not the exposure time counted by the exposure timer has ended, that is, whether or not the remaining time of the exposure timer has become “0” (step S121), and the exposure time ends. If not, the process returns to step S114, and the process from step S114 is repeatedly executed.

  When the processing from step S114 is executed, if a blur amount exceeding a predetermined value is detected, the determination in step S118 is NO. Accordingly, the process proceeds from step S118 to step S122, the exposure / photographing operation is stopped, the shutter 58 is closed (FIG. 5 (k)), and the timing of the exposure timer is stopped (step S122, FIG. 5 (l)). Further, it is determined whether the exposure time from the start of the exposure / photographing operation in step S120 to the stop of the exposure / photographing operation in step S122 is less than a predetermined minimum exposure time (step S123). If it is less than the minimum time, the display unit 14 issues an underexposure warning (step S124), and then proceeds to step S126. If it is not less than the minimum exposure time, it is determined whether the underexposure time is equal to or greater than a predetermined value (minimum exposure value <predetermined value) (step S125). If it is greater than or equal to the predetermined value, the process proceeds to step S126, and if not greater than the predetermined value, the process proceeds to step S127. Then, in step S126, based on the underexposure, a correction process is performed on the captured image (step S126), and the process proceeds to step S128. Details of the processing content of step S126 will also be described later.

  On the other hand, if the determination in step S121 is YES, that is, if the exposure time ends and the remaining time of the exposure timer becomes “0” with the detected blur amount being within a predetermined value, step In S127, the exposure / photographing operation is stopped and the shutter 58 is closed. In step S128 following step S127 or step S126, step S125, the captured image is compressed and encoded (FIG. 5 (p)), and the compressed and encoded captured image is recorded in the external memory medium 39 (step). S129). Further, the photographed image is displayed as a review, and the amount of blur at the time of photographing and the presence or absence of correction are displayed (step S130). 6B, the display unit 14 shifts from the state in which the through image 141 is displayed to the state in which the captured image 144 is displayed and the amount of blur at the time of shooting. 145, and when there is correction, a correction mark 146 indicating this is displayed.

  Note that the blur amount display executed in steps S118 and S127 is not limited to the display form shown in FIG. 6, but may be the display form shown in FIG. That is, (A) is an example in which the vertical blur amount 147 and the horizontal blur amount 148 are displayed on the lower and right sides of the display unit 14. (B) is an example of displaying each blur amount 149 about three axes of pitch, yaw, and roll. (C) is an example of displaying an allowable blur amount index line 151 together with the blur amount history data 150.

8 to 10 are diagrams showing specific configuration examples of the angular velocity sensors 16 and 17. FIG. 8 shows a triangular prism sound piece type vibrating gyroscope 70, and a triangular elastic body is made of a constant elastic metal 71 such as an elimber, which is provided with a piezoelectric ceramic 72 and terminals 73 to 75. is there. This sound piece type vibration gyro 70 is connected to an oscillation circuit 76, a phase correction circuit 77, a differential amplifier 78, a synchronous detector 79, and a DC amplifier 80 to constitute a circuit. By using such a sound piece type vibration gyro 70, there is an advantage that the resonance frequency can be adjusted without affecting the vibration posture and other sides by trimming the ridge line in the vibration direction while taking advantage of the high sensitivity of the resonance type. . The resonance frequency fr of the vibrator having one side a, length l, mass m, Young's modulus Y, and density ρ is
fr = (m ² a / 4πl ² ) √ (Y / 6ρ) or the like.

  FIG. 9 shows a piezoelectric vibration gyro 81 using a ceramic bimorph vibrator, which includes a support pin (also a lead wire) 81 and a piezoelectric element 82. The vibration gyro 81 is connected to the HPF 82, the LPF 83, and the like to constitute a circuit.

  FIG. 10 shows a piezoelectric vibration gyro 84 using a piezoelectric ceramic, which includes a detection electrode 85, a vibration electrode 86, and a detection electrode 87. The vibration gyro 84 is connected and configured as shown in FIG.

  In these vibrating gyros 70, 81, and 84, the Coriolis force generated by the rotation is converted into a voltage signal by a piezoelectric element by a circuit as shown in each figure (C), and a voltage proportional to the angular velocity can be detected. When used for camera shake detection, when shooting while standing on a stationary ground, there are generally many camera shakes of about 3 to 10 Hz, but when shooting while walking, it is slightly higher, about 10 to 18 Hz. When shooting while riding, blurring of about 20 to 25 Hz also occurs. Therefore, an ultra-compact sensor with a response of 50 Hz and a detection range of about ± 360 deg / sec so as to cope with the occurrence of blurring of about 0.5 to 25 Hz. Is available.

  In addition, in order to remove the temperature drift of the stationary output due to the change in ambient temperature, an HPF (high pass filter) (with a cutoff frequency fc = 0.3 to 0.5 Hz) is connected to the sensor output, and the DC component is An LPF (low-pass filter) that removes high-frequency components above the response frequency (with a cut-off frequency of about fc = 1 kHz to 4 kHz) is connected to remove the vibration noise inside the sensor (around 20 to 25 Hz). To do. Vibration due to camera shake can be detected as an angular velocity signal by a gyro, integrated and calculated by a microcomputer circuit or the like, converted into angular displacement, and a camera shake correction amount can be determined based on the angular velocity and angular displacement.

  Alternatively, instead of providing an angular velocity sensor such as the vibrating gyroscope, a frame image or the like is read from a captured video signal from an imaging means such as a CCD, the previous and next frame images are compared, and a motion vector ( For example, a blur detection unit that detects the amount of image blur by image processing, such as detecting the direction and amount of image blur, may be provided. In image blur detection by image processing, images before and after successive imaging signals are each divided into multiple blocks, the direction of the motion vector of each block between adjacent consecutive images is determined, and the motion vector of each block is in a constant direction (Block matching method), and if the whole has moved by the same amount in a specific direction, it is judged as camera shake or image blur due to camera work. If it is moving in a specific direction, it may be determined that the subject is moving, not camera shake.

(Second Embodiment)
FIG. 11 is a flowchart showing a processing procedure in the second embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 12 is a timing chart showing the operation of the embodiment. In this embodiment, an allowable blur amount is calculated according to the image size at the time of reproduction output, such as the size of the printing paper on which an image is printed after shooting and the screen size of the display unit 14, and blur reduction shooting is performed based on the calculated amount. It is what you want to do.

The control unit 25 executes processing according to this flowchart based on the program stored in the program memory 32. First, shooting conditions such as exposure conditions are set (step S201), and the size of the printing paper is selected according to the operation of the operation unit 23 by the user (step S202). Further, it is determined whether or not “view the printed image from the diagonal distance of the printing paper” is selected by the operation of the operation unit 23 by the user (step S203). If this is selected, the allowable blur δ is set according to the image size Y using the following exemplary formula (step S204).
(Example) Allowable blur δ = (image size Y / paper size Sp) × paper size Sp × tan (3 ′) = Y × tan (3 ′)
If this is not selected and “view from a certain clear viewing distance” is selected, the allowable blur δ is set according to the printing paper size Sp using the following exemplary formula (step S205).

In addition, when “Appreciate the printed image from the diagonal distance of the printing paper” is not selected and “Appreciate from a certain clear viewing distance” is selected, the printing paper size using the following exemplary formula is used. An allowable blur δ is set according to Sp (step S205).
(Example) Allowable blur δ = (Y / Sp) × 250 (mm) × tan (3 ′)

Next, photometric processing, zoom processing, and AF processing are executed (step S206), and lens focal length information (f) is read (step S207). Then, using the following exemplary formula, an allowable blur amount is set according to the allowable blur amount δ, the lens focal length f, and the set exposure time T (seconds) (step S208).
(Example) Allowable blur amount (angle) θ _B = 2 × tan ⁻¹ (δ / 2f)
Allowable shake amount (angular velocity) ω _B = θ _B / T

In this way, the allowable blur amount is, for example, allowable blur (permissible circle of confusion) according to the imaging size (diagonal) Y or according to the inspection imaging size Y and the enlargement magnification to the printing paper. δ is obtained, and an angle of view corresponding to the allowable blur δ is determined as an allowable blur angle θ according to the allowable blur δ and the focal length f of the photographing lens. Further, an allowable blur angle ω _B is calculated from the allowable blur θ _B and the set exposure time T (seconds), and is set and displayed as an index value.

That is, the shooting angle of view θ is calculated from the focal length f (mm) and the image size (diagonal) Y (mm), and the angle of view θ = 2 × tan ⁻¹ (Y / 2f),
Although the appearance and impression are different between blur and blur, if it is considered acceptable with the same size, allowable blur angle (θ _B ) / angle of view (θ) = allowable blur (δ) / image size ( Y) can be considered to be approximately proportional,
Allowable blur angle θ _B = 2 × 2 × tan ⁻¹ (δ / 2f)
Allowable shake angular velocity ω _B = allowable shake angle θ _B / exposure time T = 2 × tan ⁻¹ (δ / 2f) / T,
Can be set.

On the other hand, since the permissible circle of confusion δ differs depending on the image size at the time of reproduction output such as the print paper size, it is desirable that the permissible blur amount can be variably set accordingly. The ability to distinguish small things with the human naked eye varies from person to person, but in general, the angle is about 1 minute (1 '), but for subjects that change continuously, such as photographs, It is said that the angle is slightly relaxed and is about 2 to 3 minutes (2 'to 3'). Considering this as a reference, when observing a photograph or printed image separated by a clear visual distance (about 25 cm), the allowable blur (allowable circle of confusion) δP on the printed image is
δP (mm) = clear viewing distance 250 (mm) × tan (2 ′ to 3 ′) = 0.15 to 0.22 m,
Thus, even the size of this blur is not noticeable as blur on the human eye.

  On the other hand, there is a concept that it is natural to look at a photograph from a distance corresponding to the diagonal dimension of the photograph depending on the size of the photograph. On the basis of this, an 8-cut size (216 x 165, diagonal size 271.8 mm) with a diagonal distance of 27 cm, which is close to the clear viewing distance, allows a blur of about 0.2 mm, and a 35 mm size film (36 x 24 mm) Assuming that the enlargement ratio from the diagonal (43.3 mm) to the eight cut is 6 times, the allowable blur of 35 mm is 0.2 ÷ 6 = 0.33 mm. That is, it is adopted as a permissible circle of confusion.

  In this method, the permissible circle of confusion within a predetermined viewing angle (2 ′ to 3 ′) may be used in accordance with the image size of the film or the CCD, not limited to the printing paper size and the enlargement ratio, which is convenient for conversion. Yes, but not always in the same eight cuts. In this conversion method, rougher focus, blur, and blur are allowed as the paper size and enlargement ratio are larger. However, even when the paper size or enlargement ratio is large, when viewing near a poster or photo exhibition, focus, blur, or blur may be noticeable, and it is inconvenient to determine the allowable blur based only on the viewing angle. Considering that the observation is performed from the above-mentioned clear viewing distance, the calculation should be performed according to which paper size is used for printing.

Therefore,
(1) When viewed from an equivalent distance of the printing paper size Sp, the allowable blur δp on the printing paper is
δp = Sp (mm) × tan (3 ′).
Since this is the image size Y stretched to the printing paper size Sp, it is divided by the enlargement magnification (= printing paper size Sp / imaging size Y) and converted to the imaging size (diagonal) Y (mm). The allowable blur δ on the imaging surface is
δ = (Y / Sp × tan (3 ′) = Y (mm) × tan (3 ′),
Thus, it can be set according to the imaging size Y regardless of the printing paper size Sp. Therefore, the allowable blur angle θ _B and the allowable blur angular velocity ω _B corresponding to the allowable blur δ in this case are
θ _B = 2 × tan ⁻¹ (δ / 2f) = 2 × tan ⁻¹ {Y × tan (3 ′) / 2f},
ω _B = θ _B / T = 2 × tan ⁻¹ {Y × tan (3 ′) / 2f} / T,
(2) On the other hand, when the printing distance is observed from the clear vision distance (about 25 cm), the allowable blur δp on the printing paper is
δp = 250 (mm) × tan (3 ′)
Similarly, when this is converted into an imaging size (diagonal) Y (mm), the allowable blur δ on the imaging surface is
δ = (Y / Sp) × 250 (mm) × tan (3 ′),
And can be set according to the ratio between the image size Y and the printing paper size Sp, or the reciprocal of the enlargement ratio. Therefore, in this case, the allowable blur angle θB and the allowable blur angular velocity ωB corresponding to the allowable blur δ are:
θB = 2 × tan ⁻¹ (δ / 2f) = 2 × tan ⁻¹ {(Y / Sp) × 250 (mm) × tan (3 ′) / 2f},
ωB = θB / T = 2 × tan ⁻¹ {(Y / Sp) × 250 (mm) × tan (3 ′) / 2f} / T
In step S209 following step S208, it is determined whether or not the release button 3 has been pressed to start shooting (step S209). If the release button 3 has not been pressed, other key processing is executed. (Step S210). If the release button 3 is pressed, an exposure timer is set according to the photometric quantity and the set exposure condition, and timer timing is started (step S211). Further, the blur amounts in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction of the digital camera 1 detected by the both acceleration sensors 16 and 17 are detected and sequentially recorded in the data memory 33 (step S215).

  Subsequently, it is determined whether or not the blur reduction shooting mode is set in advance by an operation on the operation unit 23 (step S213). If not set, the process of step S214 and step S215 is not performed and step S216 is performed. Proceed to If it is set, the sensitivity / charge accumulation efficiency or aperture opening is controlled in accordance with the elapsed exposure time corresponding to the timing of the timer started in step S211 (step S214). Details of the processing content of step S214 will be described later. Further, it is determined whether or not the detected blur amount detected in step S212 is within the allowable blur amount (step S215). When the detected blur amount is within the allowable blur amount and when the blur amount reduction shooting mode is not set, the exposure / shooting operation is started according to the shooting condition (step S216), and in step S216 Through the process, the shutter 58 is opened (FIG. 12A), and the image sensor 20 is exposed.

  Next, it is determined whether or not the exposure time counted by the exposure timer has ended, that is, whether or not the remaining time of the exposure timer has become “0” (step S217), and the exposure time ends. If not, the process returns to step S212, and the process from step S212 is repeated.

  If the blur amount exceeding the allowable blur amount is detected when the processing from step S212 is executed, the determination in step S215 is NO. Accordingly, the process proceeds from step S215 to step S219, and it is determined whether or not the exposed time is equal to or longer than a predetermined minimum exposure time (step S219). If the exposed time is equal to or longer than the minimum exposure time, the exposure / photographing operation is stopped, the shutter 58 is closed, and the exposure timer is stopped (step S220, FIG. 12B). Further, after performing exposure correction processing on the photographed image according to the underexposure time, that is, the remaining time of the exposure timer (step S221), the process proceeds to step S231.

  If the exposure time is less than the minimum exposure time and the exposure time is extremely short as a result of the determination in step S219, the vertical direction of the digital camera 1 detected by the two acceleration sensors 16 and 17 and The amount of blur in the horizontal direction is detected and sequentially recorded in the data memory 33 (step S222). Next, it is determined whether or not the detected blur amount detected in step S222 is within a second predetermined value (allowable blur amount <second predetermined value) (step S223). If the detected blur amount is within the second predetermined value, the exposure / shooting operation is started according to the shooting conditions (step S224), and the shutter 58 is opened and the image sensor 20 is exposed by the processing in step S224. It becomes a state. Next, it is determined whether or not the exposure time counted by the exposure timer has ended, that is, whether or not the remaining time of the exposure timer has become “0” (step S225), and the exposure time ends. If not, the process returns to step S215, and the process from step S215 is repeatedly executed. If the exposure time ends and the remaining time of the exposure timer becomes “0” (step S218; YES), the exposure / photographing operation is stopped and the shutter 58 is closed (step S219). Subsequently, after performing the blur correction process on the captured image according to the detected blur amount (step S220), the process proceeds to step S215.

  If the detected blur amount exceeds the second predetermined value as a result of the determination in step S223 (step S223: NO), the exposure / photographing operation is stopped, the shutter 58 is closed, and the exposure timer is stopped. (Step S228). Further, after performing blur correction processing on the photographed image according to the detected blur amount (step S229), and after performing exposure correction processing on the photographed image according to the underexposure time, that is, the remaining time of the exposure timer (step S229). S230), the process proceeds to step S231.

  On the other hand, if the determination in step S217 is YES, that is, if the exposure blur ends and the remaining time of the exposure timer becomes “0” in a state where the detected blur amount is within the allowable blur amount, In step S218, the exposure / photographing operation is stopped and the shutter 58 is closed. In step S231 following step S218 or steps S221, S227, and S230, the captured image is compressed and encoded (step S231), and the compressed and encoded captured image is recorded in the external memory medium 39 (step S231). S232).

(Processing contents of step S118 and step S214)
Next, the sensitivity / charge accumulation efficiency control according to the exposure elapsed time, which is the processing content of step S118 in the first embodiment and step S214 in the second embodiment, is based on FIG. 13 and FIG. explain.
When the same subject brightness is used and the set exposure conditions such as the control of the set aperture opening are the same, as shown in FIG. 13 (a), an appropriate exposure time or setting is detected without detecting a blur exceeding the allowable amount. Assuming that the effective exposure value when exposure is performed up to the full exposure time T = Σ (sensitivity × aperture aperture ratio × exposure time) = Σ (1 × 1 × T) = T, FIG. As shown in the above, at the time of half of the exposure time T, (1/2) × T, a blur exceeding a predetermined value (allowable blur amount) occurs and the underexposure is forcibly terminated, and only half of the required exposure time is exposed. If you can't, you can double the shooting sensitivity (such as changing the ISO equivalent sensitivity from 100 to 200)
Effective exposure value = Σ (sensitivity × aperture aperture ratio × exposure time) = 2 × 1 × (1/2) · T = T, so that an exposure amount equivalent to (a) can be obtained effectively. We can make up for the shortage.

Similarly, as shown in FIG. 4C, when the exposure time is ¼ of the exposure time T and blurring of a predetermined value or more occurs and the exposure ends, and only half of the required exposure time can be exposed, What is necessary is just to make imaging | photography sensitivity 4 times (ISO equivalent sensitivity 100-> 400).
That is, the effective exposure amount = 4 × 1 × (1/4) · T = T, and similarly, the underexposure can be compensated.

As described above, if the time point at which blurring occurs is known or can be predicted (by the photographer's blur detection history data, etc.), it is effective if the shooting sensitivity is set according to the time in advance. Therefore, the same exposure amount can be obtained.
However, in reality, when it is impossible to predict when or more than a certain amount of blurring will occur during exposure, and whether or not blurring will occur until the end, the exposure will be forcibly terminated regardless of when blurring occurs. However, it is desirable to ensure a minimum exposure. On the other hand, if the sensitivity is increased over the entire exposure time, the sensitivity is higher than the set sensitivity when the exposure is performed to the full exposure time without blurring. Become. In addition, when the sensitivity is increased, there are problems that noise increases and image quality becomes rough.

Therefore, in each embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 14 (a) and 14 (b),
1) Set the minimum exposure time (1 / (2 ^ n) of the set exposure time), and if the exposure time exceeds this minimum exposure time, 1/2 of the effective exposure amount can be secured. In order to achieve a high sensitivity at the beginning of exposure,
At the beginning of exposure, the sensitivity is increased to a multiple of the set sensitivity (2 ^ (n-1) times).
2) In addition, every time the minimum exposure time elapses during exposure, the set sensitivity is set so that the exposure amount is equal to the set exposure amount even when the exposure is performed to the end. Is controlled so as to decrease step by step by half.
3) As described above, by performing weighting and sequentially controlling the sensitivity according to the exposure time, even if blurring occurs, if the minimum exposure time or more has passed, it is 1/2 or more. Even when the exposure amount can be secured and exposure is not caused by blurring until the end of the set exposure time, the exposure is not overexposed due to the sensitivity increase, and the exposure amount equivalent to the set exposure can be obtained with high accuracy.

For example, the sensitivity during exposure may be controlled as follows for the same subject brightness 1, the same aperture 1 and the set sensitivity 1.
As shown in FIG. 14A, when the minimum exposure time is 1 / 4T (multiplier = number of sections = 4 = 2 ^ 2) with respect to the appropriate exposure time T,
Substantial exposure = Σ (Sensitivity x Aperture aperture x Exposure time)
= (Sensitivity 2 × 1 × 1/4 × T) + (1 × 1 × 1/4 × T) + (1/2 × 1 × 1/4 × T) + (1/2 × 1) × 1/4 × T),
= (1/2 + 1/4 + 1/8 + 1/8) = T, (only the last period is set to the same sensitivity as the previous period)
As described above, control is performed so that the photographing sensitivity is sequentially switched as the exposure time elapses.

Or, as shown in FIG. 14B, when the minimum exposure time is 1 / 8T (number of sections = 8 = 2 ^ 3),
Σ (sensitivity x aperture aperture x exposure time)
= (Sensitivity 4 times x 1 x 1/8 x T) + (2 times x 1 x 1/8 x T) + (1 x 1 x 1/8 x T) + (1/4 x 1 x 1) / 8 × T) + (1/16 × 1 × 1/8 × T) + (1/16 × 1 × 1/8 × T),
= (1/2 + 1/4 + 1/8 + 1/8 + 1/16 + 1/32 + 1/64 + 1/128 + 1/128) T
= (64 + 32 + 16 + 8 + 2 + 1 + 1) T / 128 = T,
The control is performed so that the sensitivity is sequentially switched so that

  Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 14 (c), when the minimum exposure time is made as small as possible and the range in which the sensitivity can be varied is large, continuous variable control may be performed. Since there is a limit to the range that can be set, control is performed with a predetermined range of sensitivity and minimum exposure time.

When the minimum exposure time (T) is a multiple of the minimum exposure time (T ′) or the number of divided sections is 2 ^ n,
Σ (sensitivity × aperture aperture ratio × exposure time) = Σ _k {2 ^(n−k−1) × 1 × T / 2 ⁿ } = Σ _k {T / 2 ^(k−1) } (where k = 0 ~ 2 ⁿ -1),

As described above, if an exposure time equal to or longer than the minimum exposure time can be secured in a state in which there is no large blurring, the effective exposure amount can be maintained in the range of 1/2 to 1 with respect to the set exposure amount. The exposure amount of 1/2 corresponds to an exposure correction operation of about −1 stage (−Ev) with an exposure control value Ev (logarithmic value by the Ampex system) as compared with the appropriate exposure condition.
As described above, in the “blur reduction shooting mode” in which the exposure is forcibly terminated by detecting blur more than a predetermined value, the method of variably controlling the shooting sensitivity or the charge accumulation efficiency according to the elapse of the exposure time during the exposure Is always taken to be less than a predetermined blur amount, and effectively the same effect is obtained as when the exposure is automatically corrected so that it falls within the range corresponding to -1 Ev to 0 Ev with respect to the appropriate exposure condition. Will be. When it is desired to correct even underexposure equivalent to −1 stage (−1 Ev), exposure correction processing by luminance conversion or histogram distribution conversion is performed on image data after shooting according to the underexposure amount by image processing. It is also possible to record after performing.

  However, in the above-described method, it is a condition that the exposure is performed without causing a blur exceeding a predetermined value for at least the “minimum exposure time”. For this reason, if the exposure is terminated due to blurring of a predetermined value or more before reaching the minimum exposure time, a high-sensitivity and underexposure image is displayed. Processing can be performed, or image data after photographing can be recorded after performing exposure correction processing by luminance conversion or histogram distribution conversion by image processing according to underexposure.

  Alternatively, as shown in the flow of FIG. 11 in the second embodiment, when a predetermined blur or more occurs before the minimum exposure time is reached, instead of forcibly terminating the exposure, a predetermined value for blur detection is used. The exposure operation is continued by changing the (allowable blur amount) to the second predetermined value, and thereafter, when a large blur exceeding the second predetermined value is detected, the exposure is controlled to be terminated. In the case where the exposure is terminated due to the occurrence of a blur of the second predetermined value or more before the exposure time elapses, the image after shooting is subjected to the blur correction process, and further according to the underexposure time. Control such as performing correction processing such as luminance conversion processing may be performed.

In the above description, even if the exposure amount is substantially the same, the exact same image and image quality are not obtained, and insufficient exposure can be compensated. For example, when the sensitivity is increased greatly, an image pickup device such as a CCD increases noise and tends to have a rough image quality. Alternatively, it is necessary to perform noise removal processing such as capturing and recording a dark frame image (captured image when light is not applied to the image sensor) and subtracting the dark frame image from the captured image data.
Next, the control of the charge accumulation efficiency according to the exposure elapsed time, which is the processing content of step S118 in the first embodiment and step S214 in the second embodiment, will be described.
FIG. 15 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of a peripheral circuit of the CMOS image sensor. As shown in the figure, the CMOS image element 500 includes a CMOS image sensor unit 501, an AGC circuit 502, an A / D converter 503, a timing generator 504, an AGC controller 505, a D / A converter 506, and the like. The timing generator 504 is controlled by an address & timing control unit 507 that operates in response to an operation signal input from the operation input unit 509 via the input circuit 508. On the other hand, the image data output from the A / D converter 503 is provided to the image signal processing unit 511, the display image memory 512, and the image encoding / decoding unit 513 via the input image buffer 510, and is displayed on the display unit 514. It is displayed or stored in the image memory 515.

  FIG. 16 is a diagram showing details of the CMOS image sensor unit 501. A plurality of photodiodes 516 are arranged in the CMOS image sensor unit 501, and address lines 517, reset lines 518, and signal readout lines 519 connected to the photodiodes 516 are routed. The address line 517 and the reset line 518 are connected to the tinting generation circuit 521 via the vertical scanning circuit 520, and the signal readout line 519 is a CDS / noise canceller circuit 522, an A / D conversion circuit 524, and a horizontal scanning circuit. A signal is output to each photodiode 516 from the signal readout line 519 via the amplifier 525. As shown in FIG. 17, each photodiode 516 is connected to the read signal line 519 via an amplifier 526. The photodiode 516 is arranged by the PN junction photodiode method shown in FIG. 18A or the embedded photodiode + FD method shown in FIG.

  FIG. 19 is a diagram showing a pixel circuit of a storage capacitance modulation system, in which the maximum charge accumulation amount of the photodiode 516 is changed within one frame period, and signal charges are partially overflowed except for weak light. This shows a method of expanding the dynamic range by performing nonlinear compression. Instead of setting a reset pulse to the reset transistor M4 of the FD, the gate voltage b (t) is modulated stepwise. That is, although the drawing shows a pixel circuit for obtaining a wide dynamic range and performing non-linear compression, this can be used as it is for controlling the charge storage efficiency in this embodiment.

  More specifically, the pixel circuit is provided with the charge storage capacitor shown in FIG. 20 or the pixel circuit with the charge storage capacitor shown in FIG. Here, a variable capacitance diode is generally called a “varicap”, and it uses a PN junction rectification function such as a rectification diode or switching diode, or a zener breakdown / Unlike the case where avalanche breakdown is used, the fact that the PN junction capacitance of the diode is changed by the reverse bias voltage is used. When a reverse bias is applied to the PN junction, a depletion layer having no free electrons is generated on the PN junction surface, but the width of the depletion layer changes due to the reverse bias. If the width of the depletion layer is wide, the junction capacitance decreases. Conversely, if the width of the depletion layer is narrow, the junction capacitance increases. That is, the variable capacitance diode is a diode that utilizes a change in the width of the depletion layer due to the reverse bias voltage VR, that is, a change in junction capacitance, and can be used in this embodiment.

  Further, as shown in the pixel circuit provided with the charge storage capacitor in FIG. 20, the amplification factor of the amplifier Amp may be controlled by controlling the capacitance of the variable capacitor or the varicap diode c. Alternatively, the amplification factor of the amplifier Amp may be controlled by the pixel circuit provided with the charge storage capacitor and the transfer / reset SW in FIG.

  (Exposure compensation processing)

  FIG. 22 is a conceptual diagram showing the processing contents of exposure correction processing by image processing executed in step S126 in the first embodiment and steps S221 and S230 in the second embodiment. That is, the luminance distribution histogram (luminance distribution diagram) P (x) of the input image is converted into an output luminance distribution histogram P (y) having different characteristics by a linear or nonlinear conversion formula. It can be used to compensate for degraded images.

FIG. 5A shows a linear conversion formula (when 0 ≦ x <a): y = u,
(When 0 ≦ x ≦ b): y = {(v−u) / (b−a)} {x−a} + u,
(When b <x ≦ xmax): y = v,
Etc., the luminance range P (x) of an input screen having a dynamic range that is narrow between a and b and poor in contrast is expanded and widened between u and v to improve the contrast and density expression of the intermediate gradation. It is an example. Changing the conversion equation constant setting can be applied not only to the expansion of the dynamic range width but also to the contraction of the width and the parallel shift of the luminance distribution (increasing or decreasing the overall luminance).

  In FIG. 6B, the luminance of the image is darkened as a whole (the lower the luminance) by a non-linear conversion equation such as y = v (x / b) 2.

  FIG. 6C shows a non-linear conversion such as y = −v {(x−b) / b} 2 + v or y / v = log (1 + μ · x // b) / log (1 + μ). This is an example of correction processing in which the brightness of an image is brightened as a whole (the higher the brightness), according to an equation.

FIG. 4D shows (when 0 ≦ x <b / 2): y = (v / 2) (2x / b) 2,
When (b / 2) ≦ x ≦ b: y = − (v / 2) {2 (x−b) / b} 2 + v,
Using a non-linear conversion formula such as S-shape, the brightness of the high brightness area is further increased, the brightness of the low brightness area is further decreased, and the intermediate gradation area is stretched to improve the contrast. It is an example of an image quality correction process.

  As described above, the luminance distribution of image quality can be expanded, contracted, moved, and converted by appropriately selecting a linear or non-linear conversion formula and setting coefficients and constants. For example, in the case where exposure correction is performed by expanding the luminance distribution to the full sensitivity range (dynamic range) using the linear luminance distribution conversion of FIG. 10A, the lower limit value u of the luminance distribution after conversion is the sensitivity range. The upper limit value v may be set to the maximum value of the luminance gradation value.

  FIG. 23 illustrates exposure correction executed in step S126 in the first embodiment and steps S221 and S230 in the second embodiment, taking the linear luminance distribution conversion formula in FIG. 22A as an example. It is a flowchart which shows the processing content of a process. That is, the captured image data (f) is input (step S301), and the horizontal pixel number (m) and the vertical pixel number (n) are obtained from the pixel number information of the image data file of the image f (step S302). . Further, the number of pixel frequencies for each gradation of the luminance distribution of the image f is counted, and the luminance distribution (histogram) is totaled (step S303). Further, the minimum gradation value (a) and the maximum gradation value (b) of the luminance distribution of the image f are captured (step S304). Next, desired lower limit gradation value (u) and upper limit gradation value (v) of the luminance distribution after conversion are set (step S305).

  Subsequently, initial values are set as i = 0 (step S306) and j = 0 (step S307), and the gradation value f (i, j) of the pixel (i, j) of the image f is captured (step S308). Then, it is determined whether or not the gradation value f (i, j) of the captured pixel (i, j) is smaller than the minimum gradation value a (step S309), and f (i, j) <a. If it is smaller than the minimum gradation value a, the converted gradation value g (i, j) of the gradation value f (i, j) of the pixel (i, j) is converted into the lower limit gradation value u. (Step S310).

If the determination in step S309 is NO, it is determined whether the gradation value f (i, j) of the pixel (i, j) is larger than the maximum gradation value b (step S311). If it is larger than the maximum gradation value b, the gradation value g (i, j) after the conversion of the gradation value f (i, j) of the pixel (i, j) is converted into the upper limit gradation value v. (Step S310). Further, when the determination in step S311 is NO, there is a relationship of a ≦ f (i, j) ≦ b. In this case, the gradation value f (i, j) of the pixel (i, j) is converted using the following conversion formula.
g (i, j) = {(v / u) / (b / a)} {f (i, j) -a} + u

  In step S314 following any of steps S310, S312, and S313, the value of j is incremented (step S314). Subsequently, it is determined whether or not the incremented value of j is n−1 or more (n: the number of vertical pixels) (step S318), and the processing from step S308 is repeated until j> n−1. Therefore, the processing of steps S308 to S315 is repeated n times until j> n−1, thereby completing the conversion processing for pixels in a single vertical column.

  If j> n-1, the value of i is incremented (step S316). Subsequently, it is determined whether or not the incremented value of i is greater than or equal to m−1 (m: the number of horizontal pixels) (step S318), and the processing from step S317 is repeated until i> m−1. Therefore, until i> m−1, the processing of steps S308 to S317 is repeated m times, and thus all pixel conversion of the image f having the horizontal pixel number m and the vertical pixel number n is completed. It becomes.

FIGS. 24A, 24B and 25C are diagrams showing an example of exposure correction by conversion of the luminance distribution described above.
In FIG. 24 (a), in order to increase the luminance in response to underexposure using linear transformation, the luminance distribution that has become underexposed is shifted to the right (to increase the luminance) in parallel and strengthened. Process. For example, in the conversion formula [g (i, j) = {(v−u) / (b−a)} {f (i, j) −a} + u], the luminance distribution is set as u = a + α and v = b + α. Is converted so that the constant α = (u−a) increases as the exposure time and the exposure amount are insufficient, the brightness distribution is increased to the right side (as the exposure amount is insufficient). It is converted so that it moves in parallel to the brighter side.

Further, as shown in FIG. 24B, the luminance distribution may be converted so as to be widened as the exposure is insufficient. For example, if c = b−a, d = v−u, and the enlargement ratio of the luminance distribution is α = (d / c), the exposure is insufficient.
α = (d / c) = (v−u) / (b−a)
Should be set to be larger. That is,
v = u + d = u + α (b−a)
Should be set to be. Alternatively, u = 0 or gradation min value, v = 255 or gradation max may be set, and conversion may be performed so that the luminance distribution is as wide as possible in the sensitivity range (dynamic range). When u = 0, v = 255, etc., the brightness distribution is automatically converted to expand to the full sensitivity range regardless of whether the exposure is insufficient. Is expanded more.

  FIG. 25C shows an example in which non-linear luminance conversion is performed so that the luminance distribution becomes brighter as a whole, or the intermediate gradation region of the luminance distribution is extended to increase the contrast.

  In the above description, the method of performing the exposure correction process for compensating for the underexposure mainly by the process of converting the luminance distribution by a predetermined conversion formula has been described. However, instead of converting the luminance distribution as described above, a plurality of continuous shot images can be obtained by continuously exposing and shooting a plurality of images such as 2 to 8 images by performing a single shutter operation. In this way, pixel addition processing for adding pixel signals at the same position for each pixel of a plurality of photographed image data is performed, and a single image corrected for underexposure is synthesized and recorded. Also, exposure correction or contrast improvement that increases the luminance value of the image can be performed. Exposure correction using such a method may be performed.

  (Variable control of aperture during exposure)

  Control of aperture stop according to the exposure elapsed time which is the processing content of step S118 in the first embodiment and step S214 in the second embodiment will be described based on FIGS. That is, in the blur reduction shooting mode, instead of variably controlling the shooting sensitivity and the charge accumulation efficiency, as shown in FIG. 28, the aperture opening may be variably adjusted during the exposure time.

FIG. 22 generally shows the relationship between the proper exposure conditions, aperture, and shutter speed in camera exposure settings.
(1) in the figure is an EV value when the sensitivity is equivalent to ISO 100, and a shutter speed Tv (exposure control value EV in logarithmic notation in the Apex system and a diaphragm aperture Av value (or aperture F value) of the diaphragm). Or the relationship with the shutter speed seconds T).
FIG. 2B shows the relationship between the subject brightness Bv, the photographing sensitivity Sv, and the exposure condition value Lv, that is, Lv = Bv + Sv,
And the relationship between the exposure control value EvT, the aperture value Av, and the shutter speed Tv, that is, Ev = Av + Tv,
Is shown.
As is well known, the proper exposure condition in the camera shooting is that the exposure control value Ev is adjusted to the sensitivity exposure condition value Lv, and the proper exposure condition is Ev = Lv, that is, from the relationship Av + Tv = Bv + Sv. Or set automatically. If the subject brightness Bv is determined from the photometric value and the sensitivity Sv is set, Lv = Bv + Sv is determined, and the aperture Av and the shutter speed Tv may be determined according to the exposure control value Ev where Ev = Lv.

  Since there are a plurality of combinations of apertures Av and shutter speed seconds Tv that are appropriate exposure conditions, Av = Ev when the shutter speed seconds Tv are predetermined in advance, such as “shutter speed priority AE mode” (FIG. 27A). The aperture value Av is obtained from -Tv, and when the aperture Av is predetermined such as "aperture priority AE mode" (FIG. 27 (b)), the shutter speed second Tv is obtained from the relationship of Tv = Ev-Tv, and "program AE In the case of “mode” (FIG. 27C), any combination is set by a program diagram preset for each camera model. In addition, the program diagram is switched from a plurality of program diagrams according to the focal length (f) of the interchangeable lens and the photographing conditions, or the automatically set exposure conditions are set to the same appropriate exposure conditions by the user operation. There is also a camera provided with a “program shift function” (FIG. 27D) that can easily change other combinations.

  In any case, in a general camera, when photometry is performed and AV lock is performed, or when an exposure operation is started, the shutter opens and closes at the aperture and shutter speed (ie, exposure time) according to the set exposure conditions. Or, an electronic shutter operation is often performed. (However, in a camera provided with a shutter that also serves as an aperture, the size of the aperture changes in conjunction with the shutter speed.)

On the other hand, in the above embodiment, as shown in FIG. 28, the exposure set in the combination of aperture and shutter speed (exposure time) set in advance by automatic exposure control, program diagram, or manual setting. In time, the aperture opening is variably controlled as the exposure time elapses.
Similar to the variable control of sensitivity and charge storage efficiency described above, immediately after the start of exposure, the aperture value is set to a larger aperture value (smaller aperture value) than the set aperture value. The aperture value is controlled step by step so as to obtain a large aperture value. The exposure condition setting method may be any of the above-described various automatic exposure modes and manual setting modes.

For example, if the same subject brightness 1, setting sensitivity 1, setting aperture 1 (eg, 5 Av = F5.6) and setting exposure time T are given,
When the minimum exposure time T ′ is ¼ of the appropriate exposure time T (multiple 4 = 2 ^ 2), the aperture opening during exposure is controlled as follows.
Time of T / 4: Double aperture opening (eg 4Av = F4),
Next T / 4 time: 1 aperture of aperture (e.g., 5 Av = F5.6),
Next T / 4 time: Aperture aperture ½ times (example: 6 Av = F8),
Last T / 4 time: 1/2 aperture of aperture stop (example: 6Av = F8) (in the case of rough division, the last period is the same as the previous period)
Control to be

In this case, after the first T / 4 time has passed, the effective total amount of exposure can be ensured to be ½ or more regardless of when the exposure ends.
Also, in this case, when no exposure occurs until the end of the set exposure time,
Accumulated effective exposure value = Σ (sensitivity x aperture aperture x exposure time)
= (Sensitivity 1 ×× aperture ratio 2 ×× 1/4 × T) + (1 × aperture ratio 1 ×× 1/4 × T) + (1 × aperture ratio 1/2 ×× 1/4 × T) + (1 × aperture ratio ½ times × 1/4 × T),
= (1/2 + 1/4 + 1/8 + 1/8) = T,
Thus, a total of exposure amounts equivalent to the set exposure amount can be secured.

  Therefore, as in the case of the sensitivity / charge storage efficiency control according to the exposure elapsed time described above, if the exposure is performed for a time longer than the minimum exposure time, the exposure amount set to 1 of the set exposure amount is obtained no matter when the exposure is terminated by the blur detection. / 2 or more can be secured, and even if the exposure ends without blurring until the set exposure time is full, an exposure equivalent to the set exposure can be obtained, resulting in an extremely underexposed image or overexposure. Can be avoided. Even when exposure correction processing is performed after shooting, an image that does not exceed the correction limit is corrected, so that the image quality can be improved.

  FIG. 29 shows an operation timing chart of the digital camera 1 when the aperture opening is controlled according to the elapsed exposure time described above.

(Image restoration and correction processing)
FIG. 30 is a flowchart illustrating an example of restoration processing or correction processing in the case where blur correction processing is performed on a captured image in accordance with the detected blur amount executed in step S227 in the second embodiment. It is used to correct a linear blur image due to camera shake or a defocused image such as out of focus. That is, first, an original image i (x, y) is acquired (step S701), and g (x, y) = p (x, y) * i (x, y) (* is a convolution calculation), and shooting is performed. Processing is executed (step S702). Next, a deteriorated image g (x, y) is captured (step S703),
G (u, v) = P (u, v) · 1 (u, v),
G (u, v) = (1 / MN) Σx _{= 0} ^M−1 Σv _{= 0} ^N−1 g (x, y) W ₁ ^ux W ₂ ^vy ,
(W ₁ = exp (−j2π / M), W ₂ = exp (−j2π / N))
Thus, the degraded image Fourier transform is executed (step S704).

  Further, a predetermined PSF function, LSF function, and inverse filter [1 / P (u, v)] are generated by using the exemplary formula shown in step S705 (step S705), or in step S706. The inverse filter [1 / P (u, v)] is estimated and generated by the inverse filter method using the equation exemplified in (Step S706). Alternatively, an estimation process by a zero point intersection method or the like is executed (step S707), and P (u, v) = 2 · J1 (r · R) / r · R (J1 = 1-order first-order Bessel function) Then, a defocus (a concentric zero crossing with a cycle of 1.01π / r) is obtained (step S708). Alternatively, the detected blur amount such as an angular velocity sensor is read (step S709), and straight blurring (zero crossing with a period of 1 / L in the θ direction) is performed by P (u, v) = sin (πfL) / πfL (f = ucos θ + vsin θ). Obtained (step S708).

In step S711 following any of these steps S705, S706, S708, and S710, a 1 / P (u, v) filter is obtained by I (u, v) = G (u, v) / P (u, v). Processing (deconvolution) is executed (step S711). I (x, y) = Σ _{u = 0} ^M−1 Σ _{v = 0} ⁿ⁻¹ I (u, v) W ₁ ^−ux W ₂ ^−vy (W ₁ = exp (−j2π / M) , W ₂ = exp (−j2π / N)) (step S712), and the restored image or blurred / blurred reduced image i (x, y) obtained thereby is recorded and saved.

  In this example, an image g (x, y) in which the original image i (x, y) is deteriorated due to a deterioration factor p (x, y) such as blurring or blurring is subjected to Fourier transform to G [u, v]. , And a method of estimating the degradation factor P (u, v) in the frequency space from the pattern in the frequency space, or the direction (angle θ) of the linear blur and the distance (number of pixels L) of the linear blur Alternatively, the method of estimating the defocusing radius (number of pixels r) and the like of the defocus is as described with reference to FIGS.

In this example, P [u, v] is calculated from P [u, v] obtained from these, or in the case of linear blurring, from the linear blurring direction (angle θ) and the linear blurring distance (number of pixels L). = Sin (πfL) / πfL (where f = cos θ + sin θ) is obtained, and in the case of defocus, from the focal spread radius (number of pixels r),
P [u, v] = 2 · J ₁ (r · R) / r · R (where J ₁ : first order Bessel function of first order)
Deconvolution (deconvolution integration) is performed using 1 / P (u, v) as an inverse filter. That is,
I (u, v) = G [u, v] / P [u, v],
i (x, y) = inverse Fourier transform {i (x, y)} = ^Σu _{= 0} ^{M−1 Σv} _{= 0} ⁿ⁻¹ I (u, v) W ₁ ^−ux W ₂ ^−vy (where W ₁ = exp (−j2π / M), W ₂ = exp (−j2π / N))
Thus, an image i (x, y) that is close to the original image without blurring or blurring can be restored, and a blurring image correction process can be performed.

Of course, a method other than the above, for example, a general PSF function (point image distribution function) or LSF function (line image distribution function) or the like is used to represent the above-described image deterioration factors. If an image g (x, y), a true image is f (x, y), and a PSF function = p (x, y),
g (x, y) = ∫ 0 Y ∫ 0 X f (x ', y') p (x'-x ', y'-y') dx 'dy'
Can be expressed as
As the PSF function (point image distribution function) p (x, y), the following equation is used.
PSF = p (x, y) = 255exp [− {(x−x ₀ ) ² + (y−y ₀ ) ² } / δ ² ]
In this case, P [u, v] = (1 / MN) Σ x Σ y P (x, y) W 1 ux W 2 vy
In other words, the inverse of the Fourier transform of the blurred or blurred PSF (point spread function) may be used as a filter coefficient (inverse filter, inverse filter) 1 / P [u, v]. Alternatively, a Wiener filter K [u, v] defined so as to minimize the mean square error between the original captured image and the corrected image may be used by the least square method. Further, the present invention is not limited to the blur correction process by the image processing described above, and may be configured to correct and convert blur using other image processing or correction processes, or to restore an image with less blur. .

(Third embodiment)
FIG. 31 is a flowchart showing a processing procedure according to the third embodiment of the present invention. In the blur reduction mode, the pixel addition processing mode is switched to correct the photographing sensitivity. The control unit 25 executes processing according to this flowchart based on the program stored in the program memory 32. First, it is determined whether or not the shooting mode is set by an operation of the operation unit 23 by the user (step S401). If the shooting mode is not set, other mode processing is executed (step S402). If the shooting mode is set, shooting conditions such as exposure conditions are set (step S403), and photometry processing and AF processing are executed (step S404). A through image of the subject image is displayed on the display unit 14 (step S405). Therefore, the user asks for a photo opportunity by adjusting the direction of the digital camera 1 while viewing the through image displayed on the display unit 14.

  On the other hand, the control unit 25 determines whether or not there has been a shooting operation in which the release button 3 is pressed (step S406), and if there is no shooting operation, performs other key processing (step S407). If the user presses release button 3 at the time when a photo opportunity is reached, the determination in step S406 is YES. Accordingly, the process proceeds from step S406 to step S407, an exposure timer is set according to the photometric value and the exposure condition, and timer timing is started (step S408). Further, the blur amounts in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction of the digital camera 1 detected by the both acceleration sensors 16 and 17 are detected and sequentially recorded in the data memory 33 (step S409).

  Subsequently, it is determined whether or not the blur reduction shooting mode is set in advance by an operation on the operation unit 23 (step S410). If not set, normal reading is performed without performing the processing of step S411 and step S412. The mode is set and the process proceeds to step S414. If it is set, after switching to the pixel addition mode (step S411), it is determined whether or not the detected blur amount detected in step S409 is within a predetermined value (step S412). When the detected blur amount is within the predetermined value and when the normal readout mode is set, the exposure / photographing operation is started according to the photographing condition (step S414), and the shutter is obtained by the processing in step S414. 58 opens and the image sensor 20 is exposed.

  Next, it is determined whether or not the exposure time counted by the exposure timer has ended, that is, whether or not the remaining time of the exposure timer has become “0” (step S415), and the exposure time ends. If not, the process returns to step S409, and the process from step S409 is repeatedly executed.

  When the processing from step S409 is executed, if a blur amount exceeding a predetermined value is detected, the determination in step S412 is NO. Accordingly, the process proceeds from step S412 to step S417, the exposure / photographing operation is stopped, the shutter 58 is closed, and the time measurement of the exposure timer is stopped (step S417). Further, it is determined whether the exposure time from the start of the exposure / photographing operation in step S414 to the stop of the exposure / photographing operation in step S417 is less than a predetermined minimum exposure time (step S418). If it is less than the minimum time, the display unit 14 issues an underexposure / error warning (step S419), and then proceeds to step S421. If it is not less than the minimum exposure time, it is determined whether the underexposure time is equal to or greater than a predetermined value (minimum exposure value <predetermined value) (step S420). If it is greater than or equal to the predetermined value, the process proceeds to step S422, and if not greater than the predetermined value, the process proceeds to step S421. In step S421, as in the above-described embodiment, based on the underexposure, the captured image is corrected (step S421), and then the process proceeds to step S422.

  On the other hand, if the determination in step S415 is YES, that is, if the exposure time ends and the remaining time of the exposure timer becomes “0” with the detected blur amount being within a predetermined value, step In S416, the exposure / photographing operation is stopped and the shutter 58 is closed. In step S422 following step S416 or step S421 and step S420, the captured image is compressed and encoded, and the compressed and encoded captured image is recorded in the external memory medium 39 (step S423). Further, the photographed image is displayed as a review, and the amount of blur at the time of photographing and the presence or absence of correction are displayed (step S424). As a result of the processing in step S424, as shown in FIG. 6B, the display unit 14 shifts from the state in which the through image 141 is displayed to the state in which the captured image 144 is displayed, and the amount of blur at the time of capturing is also illustrated. 145, and when there is correction, a correction mark 146 indicating this is displayed.

  That is, in this embodiment, in the blur reduction shooting mode, instead of variably controlling the sensitivity, the charge accumulation efficiency, the aperture opening, and the like during exposure as described above, in step S411, the image addition mode is switched to By taking a picture in the sensitization mode such as a method of performing pixel addition reading at the time of image pickup charge reading, or a method of pixel addition conversion processing by image processing of image data of a bearer array after shooting, a predetermined value or more It compensates for underexposure when the exposure is terminated before the set exposure time has elapsed since the first blur is detected.

  Conventionally, there is also a method in which the same subject is shot continuously at the time of shooting, and the same method is used for multiple burns in film photographs, and the resulting pixels are added and combined for each corresponding pixel. It is effective for shooting with little movement such as still life, but for moving subjects, the shooting timing is slightly shifted, or when there is blur, addition of multiple images causes the contrast to fall and blur the outline, or noise May occur. Or, a device such as effectively separating and selecting a moving subject image and a non-moving background image is necessary.

  On the other hand, in the present embodiment, instead of performing a plurality of images, the number of pixels and the resolution of the entire image are reduced by synthesizing into one pixel of a plurality of pixels in a captured image obtained by one shooting. However, since the exposure time required for exposure can be shortened, not only high-speed shooting of moving subjects and high-sensitivity shooting such as night scenes and dark places, but also image blurring due to camera shake and moving body blur can be reduced, so it can also be used as a blur reduction shooting mode effective.

  FIG. 32 is a diagram showing a configuration example of the all-pixel readout type interline CCD 200. As shown in FIG. As shown in the figure, the CCD 200 includes a plurality of photosensors 201, and is configured to be supplied with a horizontal transfer clock C1 and a vertical transfer clock C2.

  FIG. 33 is a diagram showing a configuration example of the CCD 200 and peripheral circuits. As shown in the figure, the CCD 200 operates with the horizontal transfer clock C1 and the vertical transfer clock C2 supplied from the timing generation circuit & driver 202, and outputs image data to the CDS / AGC / ADC circuit 203. The timing generation circuit & driver 202 is controlled by a timing control unit 206 that operates in response to an operation signal input from the operation input unit 204 via the input circuit 205. The CDS / AGC / ADC circuit 203 receives a signal from the gain adjustment unit 207, while image data output from the CDS / AGC / ADC circuit 203 receives an image signal processing unit 209 via the input image buffer 208, The image is given to the display control & display image memory 210 and the image encoding / decoding unit 211 and displayed on the display unit 212 or stored in the image memory 213.

  FIG. 34 shows a conventional high-speed draft mode, thinning-out reading mode, or the like in moving image shooting or AF when the stored charge due to imaging is transferred and read from the vertical transfer CCD unit to the horizontal transfer CCD unit on the image element (the CCD 200). In order to increase the frame speed for operation, in addition to the high-speed draft mode such as 2/8 thinning or 4/16 thinning, the charge of neighboring pixels of the same color corresponding to the filter array of the same color (R, G, B, etc.) Addition and synthesis are performed on the horizontal transfer path, and then sequentially transferred and taken out.

  In order to capture high-speed moving images with high image quality, image sensors with modes that can be read at high speed without degrading image quality, such as vertical decimation + vertical addition readout or vertical decimation + vertical and horizontal addition readout, are being developed. However, these are effective not only for moving image shooting but also for the above-described blur reduction shooting mode. In this case, however, the normal shooting mode (step S413) can be switched to the pixel addition mode (step S411) during the exposure time, such as in the case of sensitivity or aperture opening, when the blurring is significant. Since it is not possible to switch sequentially, in order to obtain appropriate exposure during exposure during shooting, when sensitizing (m × n) pixels by addition readout or the like, the set exposure time is set to 2 / (mx It is necessary to devise such as changing the length to n) to 1 / (m × n).

  FIG. 35 is a block diagram showing a schematic circuit configuration for executing the sensitization processing in the pixel addition readout mode shown in FIG. This circuit is provided with a blur reduction shooting mode selection unit 301, a blur amount determination unit 302, an exposure setting unit 303, and a CCD driver and timing control unit 304. A switch 307 for selectively switching between the read clock 305 and the image addition read clock 306 is provided.

  On the other hand, an aperture 309, a shutter 310, and an image sensor 311 are disposed on the optical axis of the photographing optical system 308. The diaphragm 309 is driven by the diaphragm driver 312 and the shutter 310 is driven by the shutter driver 313. The signal processing circuit 314 is a circuit that processes an analog signal from the image sensor 311 and converts it into a digital signal, etc., and includes a CDS 315, Amp 316, ADC 317, WB circuit 318, a color interpolation circuit 319, a γ correction circuit 320, And a color matrix 321. The digital image data from the signal processing circuit 314 is configured to be output to the image buffer memory 322.

  FIG. 36 is a diagram illustrating a method of performing pixel addition synthesis by image processing on image data after shooting, instead of the pixel addition processing at the time of reading out charges from the image element. A plurality of pixels such as 4 to 9 pixels corresponding to neighboring same color (R, G, B, etc.) filters at the stage of the captured original image data in the bearer array (of the color filter) before color interpolation processing or the like is performed. Even if image data with a short exposure time is added and synthesized, the image size is reduced to 1 / (m × n) by the addition and synthesis of (m × n) pixels, but the luminance data is reduced to (m Since it can be sensitized by (× n) times, in principle, there is an effect equivalent to increasing the sensitivity to (m × n) times. In this case, the number of pixels to be added (m × n) may be sequentially increased to perform pixel addition processing according to an insufficient amount of exposure time.

  FIG. 37 is a block diagram showing a schematic circuit configuration for executing the sensitization processing by the pixel addition processing of the image after photographing shown in FIG. This circuit includes a blur reduction shooting mode selection unit 401, a blur amount determination unit 402, an exposure setting unit 403, an underexposure amount calculation unit 404, and a CCD driver and timing control unit 405, and calculates an underexposure amount. An image addition processing unit 406 is connected to the means 404.

  On the other hand, an aperture 409, a shutter 410, and an image sensor 411 are disposed on the optical axis of the photographing optical system 408. The aperture 409 is driven by the aperture drive unit 412, and the shutter 410 is driven by the shutter drive unit 413. The signal processing circuit 414 is a circuit that processes an analog signal from the image sensor 411 and converts it into a digital signal. The signal processing circuit 414 is a CDS 415, Amp 416, ADC 417, WB circuit 418, color interpolation circuit 419, γ correction circuit 420, And a color matrix 421. Between the WB circuit 418 and the color interpolation circuit 419, whether the signal from the WB circuit 418 is directly input to the color interpolation circuit 419 or is input to the color interpolation circuit 419 via the pixel addition processing circuit 406. A switching device 423 for switching is provided. The digital image data from the signal processing circuit 414 is configured to be output to the image buffer memory 422.

(A) is a front view of a digital camera common to each embodiment of the present invention, (B) is a rear view, and (C) is a side perspective view. FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a schematic circuit configuration of the digital camera. 2 is a block diagram showing a specific circuit configuration of the digital camera. FIG. It is a flowchart which shows the process sequence in 1st Embodiment. It is a timing chart which shows the operation | movement of the embodiment. It is a figure of the example of a display of the embodiment. It is a figure which shows the other example of a display. It is a figure which shows the sound piece type vibration gyro of a triangular prism. It is a figure which shows the piezoelectric vibration gyro using a ceramic bimorph vibrator. It is a figure which shows the piezoelectric vibration gyro using a piezoelectric ceramic. It is a flowchart which shows the process sequence in 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is a timing chart which shows the operation | movement of the embodiment. It is a figure which shows the sensitivity required to make up for the shortage of exposure time. It is a figure which shows the control method of the sensitivity or charge storage efficiency of blurring reduction mode. It is a figure which shows the structural example of the peripheral circuit of a CMOS image sensor. It is a figure which shows the detail of a CMOS image sensor part. It is a connection detailed drawing of a photodiode. (A) is a figure which shows a PN junction photodiode system, (b) a buried photodiode + FD system. It is a figure which shows the pixel circuit of a storage capacity modulation system. It is a figure which shows the pixel circuit which provided the capacity | capacitance for electric charge storage. It is a figure which shows the pixel circuit which provided the capacity | capacitance for electric charge storage. It is a figure which shows the example of the exposure correction process by an image process. It is a flowchart which shows the processing content of the exposure correction process which used the linear luminance distribution conversion formula as an example. It is a figure which shows the example of exposure correction | amendment by conversion of luminance distribution. It is a figure which shows the other example of exposure correction | amendment by conversion of luminance distribution. It is a figure which shows subject luminance Bv, sensitivity Sv, relationship between exposure condition value Lv (Lv = Bv + Sv), and relationship between exposure control value Ev, aperture value Av, and shutter speed Tv (Ev = Av + Tv). It is a figure which shows the example of the automatic exposure control (AE) of the conventional camera. It is a figure which shows the example of aperture control in blur reduction imaging | photography mode. It is a timing chart of blur reduction photographing and exposure correction processing. 10 is a flowchart illustrating an example of a restoration process or a correction process by image processing of a blur or blurred image. It is a flowchart which shows the process sequence of the 3rd Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the structural example of all the pixel readout system interline CCD. It is a circuit diagram which shows the structural example of a CCD image pick-up element and a peripheral circuit. It is explanatory drawing of various read-out modes of CCD, and a horizontal and horizontal pixel addition read-out mode. It is a block diagram which shows the schematic circuit structure for performing the sensitization process by pixel addition reading mode. It is explanatory drawing of the image addition process by an image process. It is a block diagram which shows the schematic circuit structure for performing the sensitization process by the pixel addition process of the image after imaging | photography.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Digital camera 2 Main body 3 Release button 8 Mode change switch 14 Display part 16 1st acceleration sensor 17 2nd angular velocity sensor 19 Lens group 20 Image sensor 23 Operation part 24 Input circuit 25 Control part 26 Display memory 27 Display drive block 28 Image buffer Memory 29 Image signal processing unit 30 Compression encoding / decompression decoding unit 31 Still image / moving image memory 32 Program memory 33 Data memory 38 Shooting control unit 39 External memory medium 55 Zoom lens unit 56 Drive mechanism 57 Aperture 58 Shutter 61 Focus lens Driving unit 62 Zoom lens driving unit 64 Shutter driving unit 65 Video signal processing unit 66 Driver

Claims (23)

Imaging means for imaging a subject by exposure and outputting an image signal;
A camera shake amount detecting means for detecting a camera shake amount of the camera body;
First determination means for determining whether or not the camera shake amount detected by the camera shake amount detection means during exposure of the imaging means is greater than or equal to a predetermined value;
A second determination means for determining whether the first mode or the second mode is set;
A first imaging control unit that exposes the imaging unit for a predetermined time according to an operation when the second determination unit determines that the first mode is set;
When it is determined by the second determination means that the second mode is set, exposure of the imaging means is started in response to an operation, and the imaging means is started by the first determination means. A second imaging control means for forcibly terminating the exposure of the imaging means in response to determining that the amount of camera shake is greater than or equal to a predetermined value during the exposure of
When it is determined by the second determination means that the second mode is set, the imaging sensitivity of the imaging means or the aperture ratio of the diaphragm is increased as compared with the case where the first mode is set. An electronic camera comprising: a third imaging control unit that causes The imaging means includes an imaging device and an amplification circuit that amplifies an image signal output from the imaging device,
2. The electronic camera according to claim 1, wherein the second imaging control means increases imaging sensitivity of the imaging means by increasing an amplification gain of the amplifier circuit. The imaging means includes an image sensor,
The electronic camera according to claim 1, wherein the second imaging control unit increases imaging sensitivity of the imaging unit by adding neighboring pixel components in the image signal output from the imaging element. The imaging means includes an image sensor,
The electronic camera according to claim 1, wherein the second imaging control unit increases the imaging sensitivity of the imaging unit by performing pixel addition reading from the imaging element. Imaging means for imaging a subject by receiving light during exposure and accumulating charges;
A camera shake amount detecting means for detecting a camera shake amount of the camera body;
A blur determination unit that determines whether or not the camera shake amount detected by the camera shake amount detection unit during exposure of the imaging unit is equal to or greater than a predetermined value;
In response to an operation, the imaging unit is exposed for a predetermined time, and when the blur determination unit determines that the amount of camera shake is greater than or equal to a predetermined value during the exposure of the imaging unit, the imaging unit responds to this. First imaging control means for forcibly terminating the exposure of the means;
An electronic camera comprising: a second imaging control unit that variably controls charge storage efficiency of the imaging unit during exposure of the imaging unit.   The electronic camera according to claim 5, wherein the second imaging control unit increases the charge accumulation efficiency in the initial stage of exposure of the imaging unit.   7. The second imaging control means variably controls the storage efficiency so as to increase and gradually decrease the charge storage efficiency at the initial exposure start of the imaging means. Electronic camera.   The electronic camera according to claim 5, wherein the second imaging control unit variably controls the accumulation efficiency by weighting according to the passage of an exposure time of the imaging unit. Mode determination means for determining whether the first mode or the second mode is set;
A third imaging control unit that exposes the imaging unit for a predetermined time according to an operation when the mode determination unit determines that the first mode is set;
The first imaging control means exposes the imaging means for a predetermined time according to an operation when the mode determination means determines that the second mode is set, and the blur determination means Thus, when it is determined that the amount of camera shake is greater than or equal to a predetermined value during the exposure of the imaging means, the exposure of the imaging means is forcibly terminated in response to this,
The second imaging control unit is configured so that the integration value of the charge accumulation efficiency within the predetermined time is substantially equal to the integration value of the storage efficiency within the predetermined time in the first mode. The electronic camera according to claim 5, wherein the storage efficiency is variably controlled. Imaging means for imaging a subject by exposing;
A diaphragm disposed on the light receiving surface side of the imaging means;
A camera shake amount detecting means for detecting a camera shake amount of the camera body;
A blur determination unit that determines whether or not the camera shake amount detected by the camera shake amount detection unit during exposure of the imaging unit is equal to or greater than a predetermined value;
In response to an operation, the imaging unit is exposed for a predetermined time, and when the blur determination unit determines that the amount of camera shake is greater than or equal to a predetermined value during the exposure of the imaging unit, the imaging unit responds to this. First imaging control means for forcibly terminating the exposure of the means;
An electronic camera comprising: a second imaging control unit that variably controls the aperture ratio of the diaphragm during exposure of the imaging unit.   11. The electronic camera according to claim 10, wherein the second imaging control unit increases the aperture ratio of the diaphragm at the beginning of exposure of the imaging unit.   12. The second imaging control unit variably controls the aperture ratio so as to increase and gradually decrease the aperture ratio of the diaphragm at the beginning of exposure of the imaging unit. Electronic camera.   The electronic camera according to claim 10, wherein the second imaging control unit variably controls the aperture ratio by weighting according to the passage of the exposure time of the imaging unit. Mode determination means for determining whether the first mode or the second mode is set;
A third imaging control unit that exposes the imaging unit for a predetermined time according to an operation when the mode determination unit determines that the first mode is set;
The first imaging control means exposes the imaging means for a predetermined time according to an operation when the mode determination means determines that the second mode is set, and the blur determination means Thus, when it is determined that the amount of camera shake is greater than or equal to a predetermined value during the exposure of the imaging means, the exposure of the imaging means is forcibly terminated in response to this,
The second imaging control means is configured so that an integral value of the aperture ratio of the diaphragm within the predetermined time is substantially equal to an integral value of the aperture ratio within the predetermined time in the first mode. The electronic camera according to claim 10, wherein the aperture ratio is variably controlled.   15. The electronic apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a correction processing unit that corrects an image captured by the imaging unit when the imaging control unit forcibly terminates exposure of the imaging unit. camera.   The correction processing means corrects the image by adding neighboring pixels in the image picked up by the image pickup means, and underexposure time which is a time difference between the predetermined time and the exposure time forcibly terminated. 16. The electronic camera according to claim 15, wherein the number of pixels to be added is variably controlled based on the above. Imaging means for imaging a subject by exposing;
A camera shake amount detecting means for detecting a camera shake amount of the camera body;
A blur determination unit that determines whether or not the camera shake amount detected by the camera shake amount detection unit during exposure of the imaging unit is equal to or greater than a predetermined value;
In response to an operation, the imaging unit is exposed for a predetermined time, and when the blur determination unit determines that the amount of camera shake is greater than or equal to a predetermined value during the exposure of the imaging unit, the imaging unit responds to this. Imaging control means for forcibly terminating the exposure of the means;
An electronic camera comprising: correction processing means for correcting an image by adding neighboring pixels in an image picked up by the image pickup means when the image pickup control means forcibly terminates exposure of the image pickup means.   18. The electronic camera according to claim 17, wherein the correction processing unit variably controls the number of pixels to be added based on an underexposure time that is a time difference between the predetermined time and the forcibly terminated exposure time. .   19. The electronic camera according to claim 1, further comprising a recording control unit that causes the recording unit to record an image captured by the imaging unit or an image corrected by the correction processing unit. An image capturing unit that captures an image of a subject by exposure and outputs an image signal; and a computer included in an electronic camera that includes a camera shake amount detection unit that detects a camera shake amount of the camera body.
First determination means for determining whether or not the camera shake amount detected by the camera shake amount detection means during exposure of the imaging means is greater than or equal to a predetermined value;
A second determination means for determining whether the first mode or the second mode is set;
A first imaging control unit that exposes the imaging unit for a predetermined time according to an operation when the second determination unit determines that the first mode is set;
When it is determined by the second determination means that the second mode is set, exposure of the imaging means is started in response to an operation, and the imaging means is started by the first determination means. A second imaging control means for forcibly terminating the exposure of the imaging means in response to determining that the amount of camera shake is greater than or equal to a predetermined value during the exposure of
When it is determined by the second determination means that the second mode is set, the imaging sensitivity of the imaging means or the aperture ratio of the diaphragm is increased as compared with the case where the first mode is set. An imaging control program that functions as third imaging control means to be performed. A computer having an electronic camera that includes an imaging unit that captures an image of a subject by receiving light during exposure and accumulating charge; and a camera shake amount detection unit that detects a camera shake amount of the camera body;
A blur determination unit that determines whether or not the camera shake amount detected by the camera shake amount detection unit during exposure of the imaging unit is equal to or greater than a predetermined value;
In response to an operation, the imaging unit is exposed for a predetermined time, and when the blur determination unit determines that the amount of camera shake is greater than or equal to a predetermined value during the exposure of the imaging unit, the imaging unit responds to this. First imaging control means for forcibly terminating the exposure of the means;
An imaging control program that functions as a second imaging control unit that variably controls charge storage efficiency of the imaging unit during exposure of the imaging unit. A computer included in an electronic camera that includes an imaging unit that captures an image of an object by exposure, a diaphragm disposed on a light receiving surface side of the imaging unit, and a camera shake amount detection unit that detects a camera shake amount of the camera body;
A blur determination unit that determines whether or not the camera shake amount detected by the camera shake amount detection unit during exposure of the imaging unit is equal to or greater than a predetermined value;
In response to an operation, the imaging unit is exposed for a predetermined time, and when the blur determination unit determines that the amount of camera shake is greater than or equal to a predetermined value during the exposure of the imaging unit, the imaging unit responds to this. First imaging control means for forcibly terminating the exposure of the means;
An imaging control program that functions as second imaging control means for variably controlling the aperture ratio of the diaphragm during exposure of the imaging means. A computer included in an electronic camera that includes an imaging unit that captures an image of an object by exposure and a camera shake amount detection unit that detects a camera shake amount of the camera body;
A blur determination unit that determines whether or not the camera shake amount detected by the camera shake amount detection unit during exposure of the imaging unit is equal to or greater than a predetermined value;
In response to an operation, the imaging unit is exposed for a predetermined time, and when the blur determination unit determines that the amount of camera shake is greater than or equal to a predetermined value during the exposure of the imaging unit, the imaging unit responds to this. Imaging control means for forcibly terminating the exposure of the means;
An imaging control program that functions as a correction processing unit that corrects an image by adding neighboring pixels in an image captured by the imaging unit when the imaging control unit forcibly terminates exposure of the imaging unit.

Images