JP2006286279A - Combustion device - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To secure safety of a fuel cell system by preventing degradation of a catalyst layer and eliminating a hydrogen atmosphere in a simplified structure, through excellent combustion during purge gas exhaust treatment of the system with a heating burner. <P>SOLUTION: The device is provided with a distributor 9 blowing out fuel gas 8, an air blowout part 10, an air chamber 18 set around the air blowout part 10, a mixing chamber 32 partitioned by barrier ribs 33 in the air chamber 18 from the air chamber 18 around the air blowout part 10, and a purge gas tube 35 supplying purge gas 36 of the fuel cell system inside the mixing room 32. The purge gas 36 exhausted from various channels of the fuel cell system and a gaseous body exhausted by the purge gas 36 outside the channels are uniformly mixed to enable stable combustion. Prevention of degradation of the catalyst layer 3 and the elimination of the hydrogen atmosphere results in secured safety of the system. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a combustion apparatus used for heating a hydrogen generator of a fuel cell system that generates power by generating a reformed gas containing hydrogen by a reforming reaction of a hydrocarbon-based raw material.

Conventionally, when this type of combustion device is stopped, this type of combustion device purges the flammable gas by flowing water vapor through the flammable gas system in various devices such as a fuel cell and a fuel reformer, and thereby improves the fuel. When the outlet temperature of the catalyst layer in the catalyst drops to a predetermined temperature, the raw material gas is introduced and the water vapor in the system is purged, and then the inside of the system is shut off from the outside air. At this time, the raw material gas is introduced. When the water vapor in the system is purged, the raw material gas (including combustible gas) discharged outside the system is burned and discharged. (For example, refer to Patent Document 1).
JP 2003-282114 A

  However, in the prior art, various paths of a fuel cell system, for example, a hydrogen generation path of a hydrogen generator (reformer), a cathode (air electrode) path, and an anode (fuel electrode) path of a fuel cell. When purging was performed, there was a problem that the purge gas or the gas bodies having different components discharged out of the system by the purge gas could not be burned safely and stably.

  The present invention solves the above-described conventional problems, and purge gas discharged from various paths of the fuel cell system and gas bodies discharged out of the path by the purge gas are stabilized by a combustion apparatus for heating a hydrogen generator. It is an object of the present invention to provide a structure for burning.

  Also, with this configuration, the purge gas discharge processing of the various paths of the fuel cell system can be performed reliably, so that it is possible to prevent the catalyst layer of the fuel cell system from being deteriorated and to secure safety by eliminating the hydrogen atmosphere.

  In order to solve the above-described conventional problems, a combustion apparatus according to the present invention is provided around a distributor for ejecting fuel, an air ejection portion for supplying air to the fuel, and around the air ejection portion. An air chamber, a blowing means for supplying air to the air chamber, a partition inside the air chamber, a mixing chamber partitioned from the air chamber around the air ejection portion, and a fuel cell inside the mixing chamber In order to supply a purge gas of the system or a gas body discharged from the system path by the purge gas, a purge gas pipe provided with an open end is provided.

  With this combustion device, purge gas supplied from a purge pipe or a gas body discharged outside the system by a purge gas is uniformly mixed in a mixing chamber, and this mixture is jetted from an air jetting portion to enable combustion. It is.

  The combustion apparatus of the present invention can safely and stably burn purge gas discharged from various paths of the fuel cell system and gas bodies discharged out of the system path by the purge gas. Since the purge gas discharge process can be performed reliably, it is possible to prevent the deterioration of the catalyst layer of the hydrogen generator and to ensure safety by eliminating the hydrogen atmosphere.

  According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a distributor that ejects fuel, an air ejection section that is provided around the distributor and supplies air to the fuel, an air chamber that is disposed around the air ejection section, and air is supplied to the air chamber An air blowing means, a partition inside the air chamber, a mixing chamber partitioned from the air chamber around the air ejection portion, and an end portion for supplying the purge gas of the fuel cell system to the inside of the mixing chamber Since the purge gas pipe provided with an opening is provided, the purge gas discharged from the various paths of the fuel cell system and the gas body discharged out of the path by the purge gas are supplied from the purge pipe and mixed uniformly in the mixing chamber. Since the air-fuel mixture is jetted from the air jet section, it can be stably burned, and the purge gas discharge processing of the various paths of the fuel cell system can be reliably performed. It can be carried out to ensure the safety by eliminating the prevention or hydrogen atmosphere.

  In the second invention, in particular, the combustion apparatus of the first invention is used for heating the hydrogen generator for generating hydrogen to be supplied to the fuel cell system, so that the hydrogen generator is heated and the barge gas is discharged. Since the combustion apparatus can be shared, the configuration is simplified and the cost can be reduced.

  According to a third aspect of the invention, in particular, in the combustion apparatus of the first or second aspect of the invention, the purge gas is the same as the raw material gas of the hydrogen generator that supplies hydrogen to the fuel cell system. Since purge gas discharge processing can be performed with combustion equivalent to steady combustion with a combustion device, the configuration can be simplified and the reliability can be improved.

  In the fourth aspect of the invention, in particular, the mixing chamber of any one of the first to third aspects is provided with a plurality of communication ports in the partition wall, and air is supplied from the air chamber, so that a plurality of communication paths are provided in the mixing chamber. Since air is distributed and supplied from the mouth, mixing of purge gas and air is promoted, the concentration is kept uniform, and the gas is ejected from the air ejection part, so that stable combustion can be performed.

  According to the fifth aspect of the invention, in particular, the purge gas pipe of any one of the first to fourth aspects of the invention is configured so that the flow velocity in the pipe is equal to or higher than the combustion speed of the purge gas, so There is no backfire in the pipe, and it is possible to prevent the fuel cell system from being damaged by backfire on various paths of the fuel cell system, for example, the cathode side.

  In the sixth invention, in particular, the purge gas pipe of any one of the first to fifth inventions is provided with a lid having a plurality of holes in the opening facing the mixing chamber, and the opening of the hole is equal to or less than the extinguishing distance of the purge gas. Since the flame is not formed in the plurality of holes of the lid even if backfired in the mixing chamber, the fuel cell system can be connected to various paths such as the cathode side. Backfire can be prevented from damaging the fuel cell system.

  In the seventh invention, in particular, the purge gas pipe of any one of the first to sixth inventions does not affect the flame detection unit when the purge gas flowing into the mixing chamber from the opening is ejected from the air ejection unit. Since the part where the purge gas flow disturbs part of the flame and lifts the flame is avoided, the flame detection part is prevented from malfunctioning and a stable combustion state is maintained to perform purge gas discharge processing. It can be carried out.

  According to an eighth aspect of the invention, in particular, the purge gas pipe according to any one of the first to seventh aspects of the invention supplies the cathode-side purge gas to the mixing chamber at least before the start of power generation and after the end of power generation in the fuel cell system, By ejecting together with air from the air ejection section and burning it, the purge gas or mixture of purge gas and air supplied from the cathode (air electrode) side is supplied to the mixing chamber and only mixed with the air. The concentration of the air-fuel mixture ejected from the fuel is leaner than that of steady combustion, does not interfere with the combustion of fuel ejected from the distributor, can prevent backfire into the mixing chamber, and can perform stable purge gas discharge processing. it can.

  According to a ninth aspect of the invention, in particular, the distributor of any one of the first to eighth aspects of the present invention ejects the purge gas or purge off gas on the anode side together with the fuel at least before the start of power generation and after the end of power generation of the fuel cell system. By burning, purge gas or purge off gas can be used as fuel to be ejected from the distributor, so purge gas discharge processing is performed with combustion equivalent to the operation when heating the hydrogen generator, simplifying the configuration and improving reliability be able to.

  According to a tenth aspect of the invention, in particular, the distributor according to any one of the first to ninth aspects of the present invention ejects the purge gas or purge off gas of the hydrogen generator together with the fuel at least before the start of power generation and after the end of power generation of the fuel cell system Since it can be used as a fuel for jetting purge gas or purge off gas from the distributor, the purge gas is discharged with the same combustion as when the hydrogen generator is heated, simplifying the configuration and improving reliability. Can be increased.

  In the eleventh aspect of the invention, in particular, when the purge gas or the purge-off gas on the cathode side, the anode side, or the hydrogen generator side of any one of the first to tenth inventions is jetted and burned, fuel and air jetted from the distributor When the purge gas on the cathode side is ejected from the air ejection section or the purge gas or purge off gas on the anode side and the hydrogen generator side is set to the excess air side of the air ratio of steady combustion performed using the air supplied from the section Even if it is added to the steady combustion fuel flow rate when it is ejected from the distributor, the amount of air is increased, so a stable combustion state is realized, and the purge gas discharge process is performed by absorbing the increase in purge gas or purge off gas , Can increase the reliability.

  In the twelfth aspect of the invention, in particular, supply of the purge gas or purge-off gas so that the purge gas on the cathode side and the purge gas or purge-off gas on the anode side or hydrogen generator side of the invention of any one of the first to eleventh inventions do not occur simultaneously. As a result, the increase in the heating amount due to the combustion of the purge gas on the cathode side and the increase in the heating amount due to the combustion of the purge gas or purge off gas on the anode side or the hydrogen generator side do not occur at the same time. It can suppress and can prevent deterioration of a catalyst layer.

  In the thirteenth aspect of the invention, in particular, the anode-side purge gas of any one of the first to twelfth aspects of the invention is supplied to the anode side after passing through the flow path for supplying the source gas on the hydrogen generator side. Since the purge gas discharge processing on the side and the hydrogen generator side is performed in a series of operations, the configuration can be simplified, the cost can be reduced and the reliability can be improved.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. Note that the present invention is not limited to the embodiment.

(Embodiment 1)
FIG. 1 is an overall configuration diagram of a hydrogen generator used in a fuel cell system according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

  FIG. 2 is a system path diagram of the combustion apparatus and the fuel cell system according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

  In FIG. 1, 1 is a hydrogen generator that generates hydrogen to be supplied to a fuel cell system using city gas (or LPG) as a raw material, and 2 is a city gas after being processed in a desulfurization apparatus (not shown). (Or LPG) A raw material gas 3 formed with a hydrocarbon-based component is a catalyst layer filled with a catalyst mainly composed of nickel or ruthenium, and the raw material gas 2 is subjected to a steam reforming reaction in the catalyst layer 3. Thus, a product gas 4 composed of hydrogen, carbon dioxide, and carbon monoxide is generated. Since this generation reaction is an endothermic reaction that occurs at a high temperature of about 700 ° C., the combustion gas is supplied from the combustion device 5 to heat the raw material gas 2 and the catalyst layer 3.

  Combustion device 5 uses city gas 6 (or LPG), off-gas 7 (unreacted hydrogen gas) discharged from the fuel cell, or city gas 6 and off-gas 7 mixed to form fuel, and fuel gas 8 is ejected from distributor 9 Then, by supplying the combustion air 11 from the periphery of the air ejection part 10, a flame 12 is formed and combustion is performed. A plurality of nozzles 13 for ejecting the fuel gas 8 are provided in the radial direction of the distributor 9 at the tip of the circular tubular distributor 9, and the fuel gas 8 is ejected radially. The air ejection part 10 is provided with a plurality of air ejection holes 14 at substantially right angles on the side surfaces of the air ejection part 10. The air ejection unit 10 is configured to form a combustion chamber 15 in a cup shape so as to gradually expand in the outlet direction of the flame 12 around the distributor 9 and supply combustion air 11 into the combustion chamber 15. . The air ejection holes 14 are arranged in a staggered manner in the vertical direction. The nozzle 13 of the distributor 9 is disposed so as to be substantially opposed to the air ejection hole 16 provided at the lowermost stage of the air ejection hole 14 of the air ejection section 10. In addition, a plurality of lower air ejection holes 17 are provided at the bottom of the air ejection section 10 so that a part of the air 11 is ejected in a direction parallel to the axial direction of the distributor 9.

  Reference numeral 18 denotes an air chamber that supplies the air 11 to the combustion chamber 15. The air chamber 18 is provided around the air ejection portion 10 and is located on the upstream side of the air flow. A tubular air passage 19 communicates with a part of the air chamber 18. A blowing means 20 is provided on the other side of the blowing passage 19. The blower unit 20 includes a blower that supplies air 11, and uses a turbo fan, a radial fan, or the like that can generate high pressure for the impeller, and is rotated by a motor under the control of the control unit 21. .

  Reference numeral 22 denotes a combustion cylinder for avoiding the flame 12 generated by the combustion device 5 from directly touching the catalyst container 23 and further defining the flow path of the combustion gas 24. The combustion gas 24 flows along the periphery of the catalyst container 23 and is discharged to the outside of the hydrogen generator 1.

  Reference numeral 25 denotes an insertion passage provided at the center of the distributor 9 so as to penetrate the distributor 9. The insertion passage 25 is configured to be separated from the distributor 9, and the fuel gas 8 does not enter. An ignition electrode 26 is inserted into the insertion passage 25 and is composed of a heat-resistant Kanthal wire or an esit wire. The periphery of the electrode 26 is covered with an insulating insulator 27 for insulation. The insulator 27 is formed of a ceramic material such as heat-resistant alumina or silica, and a glaze made of a glass component is applied to the surface thereof. The tip of the electrode 26 faces the combustion chamber 15 and is positioned so that spark discharges fly to the top plate 28 of the distributor 9.

  Reference numeral 29 denotes flame detection means, which constitutes a frame rod with a heat-resistant Kanthal wire or an sweat wire, and detects the presence or absence of the flame 12. The periphery of the flame detection means 29 is covered with an insulator 30 for insulation. The insulator 30 is formed of a ceramic material such as heat-resistant alumina or silica, and a glaze composed of a glass component is applied to the surface thereof. The tip of the flame detection means 29 faces the combustion chamber 15, bends with a curvature, and is positioned so as to face the flame 12 while having a predetermined gap along the inner wall of the air ejection part 10. . The flame detection means 29 is mounted by extending the tip of the flame detection means 29 from the space 31 provided by expanding a part of the lower part of the combustion cylinder 22 provided at the upper part of the air ejection part 10 to the inner wall of the air ejection part 10. Along the way. In accordance with an instruction from the control unit 21, an alternating current or direct current voltage is applied to the flame detection means 29 to detect an ionic current in the flame 12. The data of the flame detection means 29 is determined as a voltage value or a current value.

  Reference numeral 32 denotes a mixing chamber, which is configured to cover the periphery of the air ejection portion 10 with a cylindrical partition wall 33 inside the air chamber 18. The partition wall 33 is made of the same heat-resistant material (for example, stainless steel SUS310S) as the air ejection part 10 and forms a mixing chamber so as to partition the inside of the air chamber 18. Thus, the mixing chamber 32, the partition wall 33, and the air chamber 18 are arranged substantially concentrically on the outer side with the air ejection portion 10 as the center. The partition wall 33 is provided with a plurality of communication ports 34 so that the air 11 supplied from the air passage 19 to the air chamber 18 is dispersed and supplied to the mixing chamber 32. Reference numeral 35 denotes a purge gas pipe, the tip of which is opened inside the mixing chamber 32. The purge gas pipe 35 is made of a heat-resistant material (for example, stainless steel SUS310S), and is welded and connected to the bottom plate portion of the mixing chamber 32 so as not to leak. 36 is a purge gas formed with city gas 6 (or LPG) or the like. A purge gas 36 or a mixture of purge gas 36 and air or air flows through the purge gas pipe 35. A fuel supply pipe 37 is connected upstream of the distributor 9. The fuel supply pipe 37 includes a hydrocarbon-based fuel gas 8 such as city gas 6 (or LPG) used when starting the fuel cell system and an off-gas 7 (unreacted) discharged from the fuel cell during power generation of the fuel cell system. Hydrogen gas) is supplied.

  In FIG. 2, the combustion device 5 is attached to the lower part of the hydrogen generator 1. A fuel supply pipe 37 is connected to the distributor 9 of the combustion device 5, and the other side of the fuel supply pipe 37 is connected to an outlet 40 on the anode (fuel electrode) 39 side of the fuel cell 38.

  The hydrogen generator 1 is connected to a raw material supply pipe 41 for supplying the raw material gas 2 to the catalyst layer 3 filled in the catalyst container 23. The raw material supply pipe 41 includes a pressurizing means 42 composed of a pump or a booster. It is connected to a gas pipe (not shown) at home. The fuel gas 8 passes through the raw material supply pipe 41, passes through the hydrogen generator 1, and is supplied to the inlet 44 of the anode 39 of the fuel cell 38 through the offgas pipe 43. However, at the time of heating for starting up the hydrogen generator 1, the fuel gas 8 is not sent to the anode 39 but sent from the communication pipe 46 to the fuel supply pipe 37 via the fuel-filled valve 45 provided in the middle of the offgas pipe 43. I am doing so. A fuel outlet valve 47 is provided in the middle of the connecting portion of the communication pipe 46 and the fuel supply pipe 37 and the outlet 40 of the anode 39. When the temperature of the hydrogen generator 1 rises and the raw material gas 2 is changed to the product gas 4 composed of hydrogen, carbon dioxide, and carbon monoxide by the catalyst layer 3, the fuel gas valve 45 and the fuel outlet valve 47 are switched to produce gas. 4 is sent to the inlet 44 of the anode 39.

  In the hydrogen generator 1, the product gas 4 exiting the catalyst layer 3 is passed through the shift unit 48 and the selective oxidation unit 49 to reduce the CO concentration, and then supplied to the anode 39. The hydrogen generator 1 is configured by integrating a catalyst layer 3, a combustion device 5 that heats the catalyst layer 3, a shift unit 48, and a selective oxidation unit 49.

  The other of the purge gas pipe 35 opened to the mixing chamber 32 of the combustion device 5 is connected to an outlet 51 on the cathode (air electrode) 50 side of the fuel cell 38, and the inlet 52 of the cathode 50 is constituted by a blower or a pump. The cathode air supply means 53 is connected through an air supply pipe 54. A pneumatic valve 55 is provided in the middle of the air supply pipe 54, and cathode air 56 is supplied to the inlet 52 of the cathode 50 via the air supply pipe 54 at times other than the purge gas discharge process.

  When power generation is stopped and the cathode 50 is replaced with the purge gas 36a, the cathode purge gas pipe 58 is connected to the pneumatic valve 55 from the raw material supply pipe 41 through the fuel valve 57, and the pneumatic valve 55 is switched to change the purge gas 36a. It is introduced into the cathode 50. An air outlet valve 59 is provided in the middle of the purge gas pipe 35 connected to the outlet 51 of the cathode 50. By switching the air outlet valve 59, the cathode air 56 and the cathode air 56 pushed out from the cathode 50 by the purge gas 36 a The mixed gas of the purge gas 36a is supplied to the mixing chamber 32 through the purge gas pipe 35, and is ejected from the air ejection portion 10 to the combustion chamber 15 and combusted together with the flame 12, so that the purge gas discharge processing on the cathode 50 side is performed. ing. This purge gas discharge process is performed for a predetermined time, and after the cathode 50 is filled with only the purge gas 36a, the sealing valve 60 and the fuel valve 57 provided downstream of the air outlet valve 59 are closed to close the system on the cathode 50 side. The path is sealed with a purge gas 36a. When power generation is not stopped, the mixed gas of the remainder of the cathode air 56 and water vapor is discharged from the outlet 51 of the cathode 50, so that the mixed gas does not flow to the purge gas pipe 35 by switching the air outlet valve 59. Thus, the heat exchanger (not shown) is directed to the system.

  Further, a replacement air supply pipe 61 is connected in the middle of the air supply pipe 54 and the air valve 55 connected to the inlet 52 of the cathode 50, and the replacement air constituted by a pump or a booster is connected to the other side of the replacement air supply pipe 61. Supply means 62 is provided. A replacement air valve 63 is provided in the middle of the replacement air supply pipe 61 on the downstream side of the replacement air supply means 62 so that the replacement air supply pipe 63 can be closed.

  Further, when the power generation was stopped and the anode 39 was replaced with the purge gas 36b, the combustion of the combustion device 5 was stopped and the post-purge was performed by the blowing means 20 to reduce the temperature of the catalyst layer 3 to about 150 ° C. ( After that, the purge gas 36b is sequentially supplied from the raw material supply pipe 41 to the catalyst layer 3, the shift section 48, and the selective oxidation section 49 of the hydrogen generator 1 through the off-gas pipe 43. It is introduced into the anode 39 from the inlet 44 of the anode 39. Through the fuel supply pipe 37 connected to the outlet 40 of the anode 39, the off gas 7 extruded from the anode 39 by the purge gas 36 b or the mixed gas of the off gas 7 and the purge gas 36 b is supplied to the distributor 9 through the fuel supply pipe 37. The purge gas is discharged from the nozzle 13 to the combustion chamber 15 to form a flame 12 and combust, so that the purge gas discharge process on the anode 39 side is performed. At this time, the fuel inlet valve 45 and the fuel outlet valve 47 are switched appropriately. This purge gas discharge process is performed for a predetermined time, and after the anode 39 is filled with only the purge gas 36b, the fuel inlet valve 45 and the fuel outlet valve 47 are closed and the system path on the anode 39 side is sealed with the purge gas 36b. I am doing so.

  Further, when replacing the catalyst layer 3, the shift section 48, and the selective oxidation section 49 of the hydrogen generator 1 with the purge gas 36b, it is performed together with the purge gas discharge process on the anode 39 side, and the off gas 7 or off gas pushed out by the purge gas 36b. 7 and purge gas 36b (same as the anode off gas) is supplied to the distributor 9 through the fuel supply pipe 37, and is ejected from the nozzle 13 to the combustion chamber 15 to form a flame 12 and combust to generate hydrogen. The purge gas discharge process on the side of the vessel 1 is performed. The purge gas discharge process is performed for a predetermined time, and after the catalyst layer 3, the shift unit 48, and the selective oxidation unit 49 of the hydrogen generator 1 are filled with only the purge gas 36 b, the raw material supply pipe 41 connected to the hydrogen generator 1 is connected. The shutoff valve 64 provided upstream of the hydrogen generator 1 and the burner valve 65 provided in the fuel supply pipe 37 connected to the distributor 9 are closed, and the system path on the hydrogen generator 1 side is sealed with the purge gas 36b. ing.

  When starting the fuel cell system, on the cathode 50 side, the replacement air supply means 62 is operated, the replacement air valve 63 is opened, the replacement air supply pipe 61 is connected to the cathode 50 through the air supply pipe 54 and the cathode 50 is opened. The purge air 36b filled in the cathode 50 is pushed out from the outlet 51 of the cathode 50 to the purge gas pipe 35. At this time, the sealing valve 60 is opened, and the purge gas 36b or the mixed gas of the replacement air 66 and the purge gas 36b is supplied to the mixing chamber 32 through the purge gas pipe 35, and is ejected from the air ejection portion 10 into the combustion chamber 15 to be flame 12. At the same time, the purge gas is discharged on the cathode 50 side. This purge gas discharge processing is performed for a predetermined time, and after the inside of the cathode 50 is filled with only the replacement air 66, the pneumatic valve 55 is switched, and the cathode air 56 supplied by the cathode air supply means 53 through the air supply pipe 54. Is supplied to the inlet 52 of the cathode 50.

  When the fuel cell system is started, the sealed state is maintained with the purge gas 36b on the anode 39 side until the temperature of the hydrogen generator 1 rises to a predetermined temperature. On the hydrogen generator 1 side, the purge gas 36 b is sent from the communication pipe 46 to the fuel supply pipe 37 through the fuel-filled valve 45 provided in the middle of the off-gas pipe 43 by opening the closing valve 64 and the burner valve 65. . The fuel gas 8 (same as the purge gas 36b) is supplied from the raw material supply pipe 41, and the combustion apparatus 5 is configured such that the catalyst layer 3, the shift unit 48, and the selective oxidation unit 49 of the hydrogen generator 1 are replaced with the purge gas 36b. The hydrogen generator 1 is heated and the purge gas discharge process is performed.

  About the combustion apparatus comprised as mentioned above, the operation | movement and an effect | action are demonstrated below.

  First, when the hydrogen generator 1 is heated by the combustion device 5, the blower 20 is operated by the control unit 21 to blow the combustion air 11. The air 11 passes through the blower duct 19 and flows into the air chamber 18 and is supplied to the combustion chamber 15 from the air ejection hole 14 of the air ejection section 10. Here, when the fuel gas 8 of city gas 6 (or LPG or hydrocarbon fuel) having a different combustion speed or flow rate is ejected from the nozzle 13 of the distributor 9, the fuel gas 8 ejected radially from the distributor 9 is substantially opposed to the fuel gas 8. The air 11 supplied from the lowermost air ejection hole 16 collides with and mixes. At this time, spark discharge is performed by the electrode 26 facing the combustion chamber 15 from the insertion passage 25 provided so as to penetrate the distributor 9 in the center of the distributor 9, and the fuel gas 8 is ignited. Although the fuel gas 8 flows in the direction of the opening of the air ejection part 10, the shape of the air ejection part 10 is cup-shaped as shown in the figure, so that the cross-sectional area of the flow path of the fuel gas 8 continuously increases, As a result, the flow velocity of the fuel gas 8 is reduced, and a partially premixed flame 12 is generated and burned at a place where the flow velocity is equal to or less than the combustion speed of the city gas 6. This combustion heats the catalyst layer 3 of the hydrogen generator 1 to promote the reforming reaction and generate the product gas 4. The product gas 4 exiting the catalyst layer 3 is passed through the shift unit 48 and the selective oxidation unit 49 to reduce the CO concentration, and then supplied to the anode (fuel electrode) 39 and between the cathode (air electrode) 50. Generate electricity. During power generation, off gas 7 (unreacted hydrogen gas) discharged as the remainder of the generated gas 4 supplied from the hydrogen generator 1 to the fuel cell system (not shown) is supplied as the fuel gas 8 through the fuel supply pipe 37. Then, the catalyst layer 3 of the hydrogen generator 1 is heated to promote the reforming reaction. At this time, the flame detection means 29 monitors whether the flame 12 maintains a stable combustion state. The combustion gas 24 of the flame 12 is discharged from the hydrogen generator 1 to the outside of the fuel cell system through an exhaust passage (not shown). The above combustion is steady combustion. When the purge gas discharge process is performed, this combustion becomes a fire, and the ratio of the amount of air 11 to the air ratio of steady combustion (a predetermined fuel gas 8 (such as city gas 6 or off gas 7) for maintaining stable combustion) ) Is set excessively and the amount of air 11 is increased in advance.

  When power generation is stopped and the cathode 50 is replaced with the purge gas 36a, the fuel valve 57 is switched, the purge gas 36a is sent from the raw material supply pipe 41 to the cathode purge gas pipe 58, and the pneumatic valve 55 is switched to purge the purge gas 36a with the cathode 50. Introduce in. The air outlet valve 59 is switched and the cathode air 56 pushed out from the cathode 50 by the purge gas 36a or a mixed gas of the cathode air 56 and the purge gas 36a is sent to the purge gas pipe 35 and supplied to the mixing chamber 32 and combusted from the air ejection part 10 Purge gas discharge processing on the cathode 50 side is performed so as to be ejected into the chamber 15 and combusted together with the flame 12. This purge gas discharge process is performed for a predetermined time, and after the cathode 50 is filled only with the purge gas 36a, the sealing valve 60 and the fuel valve 57 are closed, and the system path on the cathode 50 side is sealed with the purge gas 36a.

  Further, when the power generation is stopped and the anode 39 is replaced with the purge gas 36b, the combustion of the combustion device 5 is stopped, the post-purge is performed by the blowing means 20, and the temperature of the catalyst layer 3 is lowered to about 150 ° C. Then, the purge gas 36 b is sequentially supplied from the raw material supply pipe 41 to the catalyst layer 3, the shift section 48 and the selective oxidation section 49 of the hydrogen generator 1, and is introduced into the anode 39 through the offgas pipe 43. The off gas 7 pushed out from the anode 39 by the purge gas 36b or the mixed gas (anode off gas) of the off gas 7 and the purge gas 36b is supplied to the distributor 9 through the fuel supply pipe 37, and is ejected from the nozzle 13 to the combustion chamber 15 to be flame 12 And the purge gas discharge process on the anode 39 side is performed. This purge gas discharge process is performed for a predetermined time, and after the anode 39 is filled with only the purge gas 36b, the fuel inlet valve 45 and the fuel outlet valve 47 are closed and the system path on the anode 39 side is sealed with the purge gas 36b. I am doing so.

  Further, when replacing the catalyst layer 3, the shift section 48, and the selective oxidation section 49 of the hydrogen generator 1 with the purge gas 36b, it is performed together with the purge gas discharge process on the anode 39 side, and the off gas 7 or off gas pushed out by the purge gas 36b. 7 and purge gas 36b (same as the anode off gas) is supplied to the distributor 9 through the fuel supply pipe 37, and is ejected from the nozzle 13 to the combustion chamber 15 to form a flame 12 and combust to generate hydrogen. The purge gas discharge process on the side of the vessel 1 is performed. This purge gas discharge process is performed for a predetermined time, and after the catalyst layer 3, the shift unit 48, and the selective oxidation unit 49 of the hydrogen generator 1 are filled with only the purge gas 36 b, the closing valve 64 and the burner valve 65 are closed. The system path on the hydrogen generator 1 side is sealed with the purge gas 36b.

  When starting the fuel cell system, the replacement air supply means 62 is operated before the hydrogen generator 1 is heated by the combustion device 5, the replacement air valve 63 is opened, and the replacement air supply pipe 61 through the air supply pipe 54. Then, the replacement air 66 is supplied into the cathode 50 from the inlet of the cathode 50, and the purge gas 36 a filled in the cathode 50 is pushed out from the outlet 51 of the cathode 50 to the purge gas pipe 35. At this time, the sealing valve 60 is opened, and the purge gas 36a or the mixed gas of the replacement air 66 and the purge gas 36a is supplied to the mixing chamber 32 through the purge gas pipe 35, and is ejected from the air ejection portion 10 to the combustion chamber 15 to be flame 12 At the same time, the purge gas discharge process on the cathode 50 side is performed. This purge gas discharge processing is performed for a predetermined time, and after the inside of the cathode 50 is filled with only the replacement air 66, the pneumatic valve 55 is switched, and the cathode air 56 supplied by the cathode air supply means 53 through the air supply pipe 54. Is supplied to the inlet 52 of the cathode 50.

  When the fuel cell system is started, the sealed state is maintained with the purge gas 36b on the anode 39 side until the temperature of the hydrogen generator 1 rises to a predetermined temperature. On the hydrogen generator 1 side, the shutoff valve 64 and the burner valve 65 are opened, and the purge gas 36 b is sent from the communication pipe 46 to the fuel supply pipe 37 via the fuel-filled valve 45. The fuel gas 8 (same as the purge gas 36b) is supplied from the raw material supply pipe 41, and the combustion apparatus 5 is configured such that the catalyst layer 3, the shift unit 48, and the selective oxidation unit 49 of the hydrogen generator 1 are replaced with the purge gas 36b. The hydrogen generator 1 is heated and the purge gas is discharged.

  As described above, in the present embodiment, the purge gas 36 a on the cathode 50 side of the fuel cell 38 or the purge gas 36 a and the cathode air 56 are mixed in the mixing chamber 32 provided around the air ejection unit 10 via the purge gas pipe 35. Since the gas can be supplied and combusted by the flame 12 formed in the combustion chamber 15, the purge gas 36a is not released as a combustible gas directly to the outside of the fuel cell system, and safety can be ensured.

  Further, since the gas body discharged outside the system path by the purge gas 36b or the purge gas 36b on the anode 39 side of the fuel cell 38 can be ejected from the distributor 9 in the same manner as the fuel gas 8 and burned as the flame 12, the purge gas 36b or the purge gas 36b Thus, the gas body discharged out of the system is not released as a combustible gas directly outside the fuel cell system, and safety can be ensured.

  Further, since the gas body discharged out of the system path by the purge gas 36b and the purge gas 36b on the hydrogen generator 1 side can be ejected from the distributor 9 in the same manner as the fuel gas 8 and burned as the flame 12, the system can be operated by the purge gas 36b and the purge gas 36b. The gas body discharged outside the road is not released as a combustible gas as it is outside the fuel cell system, and safety can be ensured.

  Further, the purge gas 36a on the cathode 50 side or the mixed gas of the purge gas 36a and the cathode air 56 is supplied to the air ejection part 10 side and further diluted with the air 11 there, so that the upstream side of the air ejection part 10 is supplied. The conditions for backfire can be reduced.

  Further, since the mixing chamber 32 is formed between the air chamber 18 and the air jetting part 10 via the partition wall 33 and the purge gas 36a is supplied to the mixing chamber 32, even if the flame 12 backfires in the mixing chamber 32 Since the air chamber 18 is formed in the periphery, it is possible to prevent heat dissipation to the outside of the combustion device 5 and ensure safety.

  In addition, since the purge gas 36a, b and the gas body discharged outside the system path by the purge gas 36 can be burned by the combustion apparatus 5 for heating the hydrogen generator 1, the configuration for the purge gas discharge processing can be simplified and the cost can be reduced. And ensuring reliability.

  Further, the purge gas discharge process of the various paths of the fuel cell system can be performed reliably, so that the catalyst layer 3 of the hydrogen generator 1 can be prevented from being deteriorated and the safety can be ensured by eliminating the hydrogen atmosphere.

  In addition, since the gas discharged from the system path by the purge gas 36a, b and the purge gas 36a, b by the combustion device 5 can be processed with good combustion, it can be discharged as clean exhaust gas (inert gas).

(Embodiment 2)
FIG. 2 is a system diagram of the combustion apparatus and the fuel cell system according to the second embodiment of the present invention.

  In FIG. 2, the combustion device 5 is configured to be used for heating the hydrogen generator 1 that generates the product gas 4 supplied to the fuel cell system.

  About the combustion apparatus 5 comprised as mentioned above, the operation | movement and an effect | action are demonstrated below.

  The purge gas 36a (hydrocarbon fuel such as city gas 6 or LPG) of the cathode (air electrode) 50 of the fuel cell 38 or the cathode air 56 discharged from the cathode 50 by the purge gas 36a or the mixed gas of the cathode air 56 and the purge gas 36a is used. It is sent to the mixing chamber 32 of the combustion device 5 through the purge gas pipe 35 and is jetted together with the air 11 from the air jetting part 10 to burn. The off gas 7 discharged from the anode 39 by the purge gas 36b of the anode (fuel electrode) 39 of the fuel cell 38 or the purge gas 36b or the mixed gas of the off gas and the purge gas 36b is sent to the distributor 9 of the combustion device 5, and the fuel gas 8 (city gas 6) Or hydrocarbon gas such as LPG) or in place of the fuel gas 8 to form a flame 12 and burn it. The off-gas 7 or the mixed gas of the off-gas and the purge gas 36b discharged from the anode 39 by the purge gas 36b and the purge gas 36b of the hydrogen generator 1 (system including the catalyst layer 3, the shift unit 48 and the selective oxidation unit 49) It is sent to the distributor 9 and injected with the fuel gas 8 (hydrocarbon fuel such as city gas 6 or LPG) or in place of the fuel gas 8 to form a flame 12 and burn it.

  As described above, in the present embodiment, since the barge gas discharge processing can be performed by the heating combustion device 5 of the hydrogen generator 1, the combustion device 5 can be shared, the configuration is simplified, and the cost is reduced. Can be planned.

  Further, in the purge gas discharge process of the cathode 50 including the cathode air 56, the purge gas 36a and the like are introduced into the air ejection unit 10 side and mixed with the air 11 and ejected. Therefore, the configuration of the combustion chamber 15 and the like of the combustion device 5 is configured. It can be used without change and stable combustion can be performed.

(Embodiment 3)
FIG. 2 is a system diagram of the combustion apparatus and the fuel cell system according to the third embodiment of the present invention.

  In FIG. 2, the combustion apparatus 5 is configured to use the raw gas 2 of the hydrogen generator 1 that supplies hydrogen to the fuel cell system as the purge gas 36a.

  About the combustion apparatus comprised as mentioned above, the operation | movement and an effect | action are demonstrated below.

  When power generation is stopped and the cathode 50 is replaced with the purge gas 36a, the fuel valve 57 is switched, the purge gas 36a is sent from the raw material supply pipe 41 to the cathode purge gas pipe 58, and the pneumatic valve 55 is switched to purge the purge gas 36a with the cathode 50. Introduce in.

  Further, when the power generation is stopped and the anode 39 is replaced with the purge gas 36b, the combustion of the combustion device 5 is stopped, the post-purge is performed by the blowing means 20, and the temperature of the catalyst layer 3 is lowered to about 150 ° C. Then, the purge gas 36 b is sequentially supplied from the raw material supply pipe 41 to the catalyst layer 3, the shift section 48 and the selective oxidation section 49 of the hydrogen generator 1, and is introduced into the anode 39 through the offgas pipe 43.

  Further, when the catalyst layer 3, the shift unit 48, and the selective oxidation unit 49 of the hydrogen generator 1 are replaced with the purge gas 36 b, it is performed together with the purge gas discharge processing on the anode 39 side, and the purge gas 36 b is generated from the raw material supply pipe 41. The catalyst layer 3, the shift unit 48 and the selective oxidation unit 49 are sequentially supplied to the reactor 1.

  As described above, in the present embodiment, the purge gas 36a is the same as the raw material gas 2 of the hydrogen generator 1 that supplies hydrogen to the fuel cell system. Since purge gas discharge processing can be performed with combustion equivalent to steady combustion, the configuration can be simplified, cost can be reduced, and reliability can be improved.

  Further, since the source gas 2 is used as the purge gas 36a, the need for a cylinder facility for inert gas such as nitrogen gas and the trouble of supplying the gas can be omitted, and the supply of the purge gas 36a can be simplified.

  Further, since cathode gas 56 on the cathode 39 side, off-gas 7 on the anode 50 side, and off-gas 7 on the hydrogen generator 1 side are discharged from the source gas 2 to the outside of the system path, the deterioration of the fuel cell system and the ensuring of safety are ensured. It can be performed.

(Embodiment 4)
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a combustion apparatus 5 according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

  FIG. 2 is a system diagram of a fuel cell system according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention.

  In FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, the mixing chamber 32 is provided with a plurality of communication ports 34 in the partition wall 33 and supplies the air 11 from the air chamber 18.

  About the combustion apparatus 5 comprised as mentioned above, the operation | movement and an effect | action are demonstrated below.

  When power generation is stopped and the cathode 50 is replaced with the purge gas 36a, the purge gas 36a is sent from the raw material supply pipe 41 to the cathode purge gas pipe 58, and the cathode air 56 or the cathode air 56 and the purge gas pushed out from the cathode 50 by the purge gas 36a. The mixed gas of 36a is sent to the purge gas pipe 35, supplied to the mixing chamber 32, ejected from the air ejection section 10 to the combustion chamber 15, and combusted with the flame 12, thereby performing the purge gas discharge processing on the cathode 50 side. At this time, the air 11 supplied from the blowing means 20 is uniformly flowed into the mixing chamber 32 from the plurality of communication ports 34 provided in the partition wall 33, and is pushed out by the purge gas 36 a and the purge gas 36 a in the mixing chamber 32. Is mixed with the mixed gas to form a new air-fuel mixture and ejected into the combustion chamber 15.

  As described above, in the present embodiment, since the air 11 is distributed and supplied from the plurality of communication ports 34 into the mixing chamber 32, the purge gas 36a and the mixed gas pushed out by the purge gas 36a and the air 11 are mixed. It can be promoted to keep the concentration uniform, and can be ejected from the air ejection section to perform stable combustion.

  Further, the purge gas 36a on the cathode 50 side or the mixed gas of the purge gas 36a and the cathode air 56 is supplied to the air ejection part 10 side and further diluted with the air 11 there, so that the upstream side of the air ejection part 10 is supplied. The conditions for backfire can be reduced.

  Further, since the mixing chamber 32 is partitioned from the air chamber 18 by the partition wall 33, the combustible gas does not flow into the air chamber 18, preventing backfire to the air chamber 18, and heat radiation to the outside. Can be shut off, ensuring safety.

(Embodiment 5)
FIG. 2 is a system diagram of the combustion apparatus and the fuel cell system according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention.

  In FIG. 2, the purge gas pipe 35 is configured such that the flow velocity in the pipe is equal to or higher than the combustion speed of the purge gas 36a.

  About the combustion apparatus 5 comprised as mentioned above, the operation | movement and an effect | action are demonstrated below.

  When power generation is stopped and the cathode 50 is replaced with the purge gas 36a, the purge gas 36a is sent from the raw material supply pipe 41 to the cathode purge gas pipe 58, and the cathode air 56 or the cathode air 56 and the purge gas pushed out from the cathode 50 by the purge gas 36a. The mixed gas 36 a is sent to the purge gas pipe 35. When starting the fuel cell system, the replacement air 66 is supplied into the cathode 50, and the purge gas 36 a filled in the cathode 50 is pushed out from the outlet 51 of the cathode 50 to the purge gas pipe 35. At this time, the purge gas 36a or the mixed gas of the replacement air 66 and the purge gas 36a is supplied to the mixing chamber 32 through the purge gas pipe 35, and is ejected from the air ejection portion 10 into the combustion chamber 15 and combusted together with the flame 12, thereby 50 side purge gas discharge processing is performed. At this time, the flow rate of the purge gas 36a alone or the mixed gas of the purge gas 36a in the purge gas pipe 35 is changed to the combustion speed of the purge gas 36a (for example, if the purge gas 36a is the city gas 6 when the source gas 2 is used, The opening area of the inner diameter of the purge gas pipe 36 is configured so that the combustion rate of the main component methane is about 0.37 m / s or more. Thus, the purge gas 36a is ejected from the purge gas pipe 35 and cannot be combusted in the purge gas pipe 35 faster than the purge gas 36a in the purge gas pipe 35 is ignited and combusted.

  As described above, in the present embodiment, the purge gas pipe 35 is configured such that the flow velocity in the pipe is equal to or higher than the combustion speed of the purge gas 36a. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the fuel cell system from being damaged by backfire in various paths of the fuel cell system, for example, the paths on the cathode 50 side.

  Further, if the flow rate supplied by the pressurizing means 42 is set to be constant and all of the flow rate is set to be equal to or higher than the combustion speed at the time of the purge gas 36a, even in the case of the mixed gas of the purge gas 36a, the air 56 and the purge gas 36a. Since the in-pipe flow rate can be made equal to or higher than the combustion rate of the purge gas 36a, backfire can be prevented.

  The purge gas discharge processing time is set so that the flow rate is equal to or higher than the combustion speed based on the flow rate of the purge gas 36a supplied to the system path on the cathode 50 side by the pressurizing means 42 and the purge gas amount filled in the entire system path. It is also possible to decide.

(Embodiment 6)
FIG. 2 is a system diagram of a fuel cell system according to the sixth embodiment of the present invention.

  FIG. 3A is a cross-sectional view showing the combustion apparatus 5 in the sixth embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 3B is a top view of the combustion chamber.

  2 and 3, the purge gas pipe 35 is provided with a lid 69 having a plurality of holes 68 in an opening 67 facing the mixing chamber 32, and the opening of the hole has a diameter or a length equal to or less than the extinguishing distance of the purge gas 36 a. It is comprised so that it may become. The lid 69 is made of a punching plate, a wire mesh, foam metal, sintered metal, porous ceramic, or the like.

  About the combustion apparatus 5 comprised as mentioned above, the operation | movement and an effect | action are demonstrated below.

  When power generation is stopped and the cathode 50 is replaced with the purge gas 36a, the purge gas 36a is sent from the raw material supply pipe 41 to the cathode purge gas pipe 58, and the cathode air 56 or the cathode air 56 and the purge gas pushed out from the cathode 50 by the purge gas 36a. The mixed gas 36 a is sent to the purge gas pipe 35. When starting the fuel cell system, the replacement air 66 is supplied into the cathode 50, and the purge gas 36 a filled in the cathode 50 is pushed out from the outlet 51 of the cathode 50 to the purge gas pipe 35. At this time, the purge gas 36a or the mixed gas of the replacement air 66 and the purge gas 36a is supplied to the mixing chamber 32 through the purge gas pipe 35, and is ejected from the air ejection portion 10 into the combustion chamber 15 and combusted together with the flame 12, thereby 50 side purge gas discharge processing is performed. At this time, the lid 69 is provided in the opening 67 facing the mixing chamber 32 of the purge gas pipe 35, and the opening of the hole 68 in the lid 69 is the extinguishing distance of the purge gas 36a (for example, when the source gas 2 is used as the purge gas 36a) And the main gas methane has a flame extinguishing distance of about 2 mm) or less, and the purge gas 36a or the mixed gas of the cathode air 56 and the purge gas 36a passing therethrough is In the plurality of holes 68, no flame is formed.

  As described above, in the present embodiment, the purge gas pipe 35 is provided with the lid 69 having the plurality of holes 68 in the opening 67 facing the mixing chamber 32, and the opening of the hole 68 is equal to or less than the extinguishing distance of the purge gas 36a. Since a flame is not formed in the plurality of holes 68 of the lid 69 even if a backfire occurs in the mixing chamber 32, the fuel cell is connected via the purge gas pipe 35. It is possible to prevent the fuel cell system from being damaged by flashback to various paths of the system, for example, the path on the cathode 50 side.

(Embodiment 7)
FIG. 4A is a cross-sectional view showing the combustion apparatus 5 in the seventh embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 4B is a top view of the combustion chamber.

  In FIG. 4, the purge gas pipe 35 is provided at a position that does not affect the flame detection unit 29 when the purge gas 36 a flowing into the mixing chamber 32 from the opening 67 is ejected from the air ejection unit 10.

  About the combustion apparatus 5 comprised as mentioned above, the operation | movement and an effect | action are demonstrated below.

  When the purge gas 36 a or a mixed gas of the purge gas 36 a and air is supplied to the mixing chamber 32 through the purge gas pipe 35, depending on the amount of air 11 flowing from the air chamber 18 into the mixing chamber 32, the air ejecting portion 10 enters the combustion chamber 15. The flame 12 is lifted under the influence of the purge gas 36a to be ejected (for example, when the air 11 is small, the purge gas 36a is not uniformly mixed and is ejected from the air ejection portion 10). Becomes unstable flame holding. However, since the flame 12 as a whole maintains good combustion, it is located at a position avoiding the unstable portion of the flame 12, for example, the vicinity of the air ejection hole 14 provided in the air ejection portion 10 immediately above the purge gas pipe 35. A flame detector 29 is provided to prevent malfunction due to an unstable portion of the flame 12.

  As described above, in the present embodiment, the purge gas pipe 35 does not affect the flame detection unit 29 when the purge gas 36 a flowing into the mixing chamber 32 from the opening 67 is ejected from the air ejection unit 10. Since the part where the flow of the purge gas 36a disturbs and lifts part of the flame 12 formed in the air ejection part 10 is avoided, the flame detection part 29 is prevented from malfunctioning and a stable combustion state is achieved. The purge gas discharge process can be performed for a long time.

  When the flame detection unit 29 is configured using a thermocouple, for example, when the temperature of the flame 12 is measured via a part of the air ejection hole 14 of the air ejection unit 10, the air ejection just above the purge gas pipe 35 is performed. It is also possible to prevent the malfunction by reducing the variation due to the instability of the flame 12 by providing it at a position avoiding the vicinity of the air ejection hole 14 provided in the portion 10.

(Embodiment 8)
FIG. 5 is a system diagram of the combustion apparatus and the fuel cell system according to the eighth embodiment of the present invention.

  In FIG. 5, the purge gas pipe 35 supplies the purge gas 36a on the cathode 50 side to the mixing chamber 32 at least before the start of power generation and after the end of power generation of the fuel cell system, and is ejected together with the air 11 from the air ejection section 10. It is burned by the flame 12.

  About the combustion apparatus 5 comprised as mentioned above, the operation | movement and an effect | action are demonstrated below.

  When replacing the cathode 50 after power generation with the purge gas 36 a, the fuel valve 57 is switched, the purge gas 36 a is sent from the raw material supply pipe 41 to the cathode purge gas pipe 58, and the pneumatic valve 55 is switched to purge the purge gas 36 a into the cathode 50. To introduce. The air outlet valve 59 is switched and the cathode air 56 pushed out from the cathode 50 by the purge gas 36a or a mixed gas of the cathode air 56 and the purge gas 36a is sent to the purge gas pipe 35 and supplied to the mixing chamber 32 and combusted from the air ejection part 10 The purge gas is discharged so as to be ejected into the chamber 15 and combusted together with the flame 12. This purge gas discharge process is performed for a predetermined time, and after the cathode 50 is filled only with the purge gas 36a, the sealing valve 60 and the fuel valve 57 are closed, and the system path on the cathode 50 side is sealed with the purge gas 36a.

  When starting the fuel cell system before the start of power generation, on the cathode 50 side, the replacement air supply means 62 is operated, the replacement air valve 63 is opened, and the cathode 50 is connected to the cathode 50 from the replacement air supply pipe 61 through the air supply pipe 54. The replacement air 66 is supplied from the inlet into the cathode 50, and the purge gas 36 a filled in the cathode 50 is pushed out from the outlet 51 of the cathode 50 to the purge gas pipe 35. At this time, the sealing valve 60 is opened, and the purge gas 36a or the mixed gas of the replacement air 66 and the purge gas 36a is supplied to the mixing chamber 32 through the purge gas pipe 35, and is ejected from the air ejection portion 10 to the combustion chamber 15 to be flame 12 At the same time, the purge gas is discharged. This purge gas discharge processing is performed for a predetermined time, and after the inside of the cathode 50 is filled with only the replacement air 66, the pneumatic valve 55 is switched, and the cathode air 56 supplied by the cathode air supply means 53 through the air supply pipe 54. Is supplied to the inlet 52 of the cathode 50.

  As described above, in the present embodiment, the purge gas pipe 35 supplies the purge gas 36a on the cathode 50 side to the mixing chamber 32 at least before the start of power generation and after the end of power generation of the fuel cell system. 10 and the air 11 are jetted and burned, so that the purge gas 36a or the mixture of the purge gas 36a and the cathode air 56 (or the replacement air 66) supplied from the cathode (air electrode) 50 side is supplied to the mixing chamber 32, Since it is only mixed with the air 11, the concentration of the air-fuel mixture ejected from the air ejecting section 10 is leaner than that of the steady combustion, and does not interfere with the combustion of the fuel gas 8 ejected from the distributor 9, and is reversed into the mixing chamber 32. Fire can also be prevented and a stable purge gas discharge process can be performed.

  Further, since the purge gas 36a, the mixed gas of the cathode air 56 and the purge gas 36a, or the mixed gas of the purge gas 36a and the replacement air 66 and the purge gas 36a can be introduced into the mixing chamber 32 and combusted together with the flame 12, Even when the components such as the purge gas 36a and the air-fuel mixture thereof change at the time of startup, it is possible to cope with it, and the configuration is simplified and the reliability can be improved.

  Further, since the cathode (air electrode) 50 is purged with the purge gas 36a, it is possible to prevent deterioration of the cathode 50 due to oxidation and to improve the service life.

(Embodiment 9)
FIG. 6 is a system diagram of the combustion apparatus and the fuel cell system according to the ninth embodiment of the present invention.

  In FIG. 6, the distributor 9 includes a purge gas 36b or a purge off gas on the anode 39 side before or after the end of power generation of the fuel cell system (the purge off gas is an off gas 7 or a mixture of the purge gas 36b and the off gas 7). Are formed together with the fuel gas 8 to form a flame 12 and burn it.

  About the combustion apparatus 5 comprised as mentioned above, the operation | movement and an effect | action are demonstrated below.

  When replacing the anode 39 after the power generation with the purge gas 36b, the combustion of the combustion device 5 is stopped, the post-purge is performed by the blowing means 20, the temperature of the catalyst layer 3 is lowered to about 150 ° C., and then the raw material is supplied. The purge gas 36 b is supplied from the pipe 41 sequentially to the catalyst layer 3, the shift section 48 and the selective oxidation section 49 of the hydrogen generator 1, and is introduced into the anode 39 through the offgas pipe 43. The off gas 7 and the purge off gas pushed out from the anode 39 by the purge gas 36b are supplied to the distributor 9 through the fuel supply pipe 37, and are ejected from the nozzle 13 to the combustion chamber 15 to form the flame 12 and perform the purge gas discharge process. This purge gas discharge process is performed for a predetermined time, and after the anode 39 is filled with only the purge gas 36b, the fuel inlet valve 45 and the fuel outlet valve 47 are closed and the system path on the anode 39 side is sealed with the purge gas 36b. I am doing so.

  When starting the fuel cell system before the start of power generation, the sealed state is maintained with the purge gas 36b on the anode 39 side until the temperature of the hydrogen generator 1 rises to a predetermined temperature. On the hydrogen generator 1 side, the shutoff valve 64 and the burner valve 65 are opened, and the purge gas 36 b is sent from the communication pipe 46 to the fuel supply pipe 37 via the fuel-filled valve 45. The fuel gas 8 (same as the purge gas 36b) is supplied from the raw material supply pipe 41, and the combustion apparatus 5 is configured such that the catalyst layer 3, the shift unit 48, and the selective oxidation unit 49 of the hydrogen generator 1 are replaced with the purge gas 36b. The hydrogen generator 1 is heated.

  As described above, in the present embodiment, the distributor 9 injects the purge gas 36b or the purge off gas on the anode 39 side together with the fuel gas 8 at least before the start of power generation and after the end of power generation of the fuel cell system, and burns it. As a result, the purge gas 36b or the purge-off gas can be used as the fuel gas 8 to be ejected from the distributor 9, so that the purge gas discharge process is performed with combustion equivalent to the operation when the hydrogen generator 1 is heated, and the configuration is simplified and reliable. Can increase the sex.

  Further, since the purge gas 36b or the purge off gas is a combustible component, the flame 12 can obtain exhaust gas characteristics equivalent to that of the steady combustion of the fuel gas 8.

  Further, since the anode (fuel electrode) 50 is purged with the purge gas 36b, the off gas 7 mainly composed of hydrogen can be discharged, so that explosion can be prevented and safety can be ensured.

(Embodiment 10)
FIG. 6 is a system path between the combustion apparatus and the fuel cell system according to the tenth embodiment of the present invention.

  In FIG. 6, the distributor 9 includes a purge gas 36 b or a purge off gas (the purge off gas is the off gas 7 or a mixture of the purge gas 36 b and the off gas 7) before or after the power generation of the fuel cell system is completed. Are formed together with the fuel gas 8 to form a flame 12 and burn it.

  About the combustion apparatus 5 comprised as mentioned above, the operation | movement and an effect | action are demonstrated below.

  When replacing the catalyst layer 3, the shift section 48, and the selective oxidation section 49 of the hydrogen generator 1 after power generation with the purge gas 36b, the purge gas is discharged together with the purge gas discharge process on the anode 39 side, and the off gas 7 pushed out by the purge gas 36b. The off gas 7 and the purge gas off gas 70 are supplied to the distributor 9 through the fuel supply pipe 37, and are ejected from the nozzle 13 to the combustion chamber 15 to form a flame 12 and burn, thereby performing a purge gas discharge process. This purge gas discharge process is performed for a predetermined time, and after the catalyst layer 3, the shift unit 48, and the selective oxidation unit 49 of the hydrogen generator 1 are filled with only the purge gas 36 b, the closing valve 64 and the burner valve 65 are closed. The system path on the hydrogen generator 1 side is sealed with the purge gas 36b.

  When starting the fuel cell system before the start of power generation, on the hydrogen generator 1 side, the shutoff valve 64 and the burner valve 65 are opened, and the purge gas 36b is connected from the communication pipe 46 to the fuel supply pipe 37 via the fuel-filled valve 45. To send. The fuel gas 8 (same as the purge gas 36b) is supplied from the raw material supply pipe 41, and the combustion apparatus 5 is configured such that the catalyst layer 3, the shift unit 48, and the selective oxidation unit 49 of the hydrogen generator 1 are replaced with the purge gas 36b. In order to heat the hydrogen generator 1 and to perform the same operation as the heating of the normal hydrogen generator 1, the purge gas discharge process is performed.

  As described above, in the present embodiment, the distributor 9 ejects the purge gas 36b or the purge off gas 70 of the hydrogen generator 1 together with the fuel gas 8 at least before the start of power generation of the fuel cell system and after the end of power generation. By burning, the purge gas 36b or the purge-off gas can be used as the fuel gas 8 to be ejected from the distributor 9. Therefore, the purge gas is discharged by the same combustion as the operation of heating the hydrogen generator 1, thereby simplifying the configuration. , Can increase the reliability.

  Further, since the hydrogen generator 1 side is purged with the purge gas 36b, the off gas 7 mainly composed of hydrogen can be discharged, so that explosion can be prevented and safety can be ensured.

  Further, since the catalyst layer 3, the shift part 48, and the selective oxidation part 49 are purged with the purge gas 36b, the deterioration of the catalyst can be prevented and the life can be improved.

(Embodiment 11)
FIG. 2 is a system diagram of the combustion apparatus and the fuel cell system according to the eleventh embodiment of the present invention.

  In FIG. 2, when the purge gas 36 a, b or purge off gas on the cathode 50 side, the anode 39 side, or the hydrogen generator 1 side is jetted and burned, the fuel gas 8 jetted from the steady distributor 9 and the air jet part 10 are supplied. The air ratio is set on the excess air side of the combustion air ratio performed using the air 11.

  About the hydrogen generator 1 comprised as mentioned above, the operation | movement and an effect | action are demonstrated below.

  Before performing the purge gas discharge process, a fuel gas 8 ejected from the distributor 9 and air 11 supplied from the air ejection unit 10 form a seed flame, and an air ratio of steady combustion (predetermined fuel for maintaining stable combustion) The ratio of the amount of air 11 to the gas 8 (such as city gas 6 or off-gas 7) is set excessively, and the amount of air 11 is increased in advance. In the combustion apparatus 5, there is a region with good exhaust gas characteristics in which CO is not generated even when the air is excessive, and the air amount is set within a good region even if variations in the blowing means 20 are included. In such a state, the purge gas 36a, b or purge off gas on the cathode 50 side, the anode 39 side, or the hydrogen generator 1 side is ejected and added to the fuel gas 8 to increase the combustion amount. Since the air 11 has an air ratio close to that of steady combustion, a stable flame 12 is continuously formed.

  As described above, in the present embodiment, combustion is performed by setting the air ratio to the excess air side from the air ratio of combustion performed using the fuel gas 8 ejected from the steady distributor 9 and the air 11 supplied from the air ejection section 10. Therefore, when the purge gas 36a on the cathode 50 side is ejected from the air ejection portion 10 or when the purge gas 36b or purge off gas on the anode 39 side and the hydrogen generator 1 side is ejected from the distributor 9, it is added to the fuel gas 8. The purge gas 36b or the purge off gas is burned in a form close to the air ratio for steady combustion, and good exhaust gas characteristics can be obtained to improve the reliability.

  Further, since the flow rate of the air 11 is increased to the excess air side and kept constant, and the increased amount of the purge gas 36a, b or purge off gas is supplied thereto, the complexity of the blowing means 20 that follows the increase of the fuel gas 8 is increased. Costly control is not required, and the cost can be reduced.

(Embodiment 12)
FIG. 2 is a system diagram of the combustion apparatus and the fuel cell system according to the twelfth embodiment of the present invention.

  In FIG. 2, purge gas discharge processing is performed by supplying purge gas 36 a, b or purge off gas so that the purge gas 36 a on the cathode 50 side and purge gas 36 b on the anode 39 side or hydrogen generator 1 side or purge off gas are not ejected simultaneously. Like to do.

  About the hydrogen generator 1 comprised as mentioned above, the operation | movement and an effect | action are demonstrated below.

  In the purge gas discharge process before the start of power generation and after the end of power generation in the fuel cell system, the purge gas discharge process is performed so that the purge gas discharge process on the cathode 50 side and the purge gas discharge process on the anode 39 side or the hydrogen generator 1 side do not overlap. The amount of combustion of the flame 12 is increased by the purge gas 36a, b or purge off gas added for the treatment so that the temperature of the catalyst layer 3 of the hydrogen generator 1 does not rise rapidly. Thereby, the temperature of the catalyst layer 3 is controlled during the purge gas discharge process.

  As described above, in the present embodiment, there is an increase in the heating amount due to the combustion of the purge gas 36a on the cathode 50 side and an increase in the heating amount due to the combustion of the purge gas 36b or the purge off gas 70 on the anode 39 side or the hydrogen generator 1 side. Since they do not occur at the same time, the temperature rise of the hydrogen generator 1 can be suppressed and carbon deposition of the catalyst layer 3 can be prevented, thereby preventing deterioration.

(Embodiment 13)
FIG. 2 is a system diagram of the combustion apparatus and the fuel cell system according to the thirteenth embodiment of the present invention.

  In FIG. 2, the purge gas 36 b on the anode 39 side is supplied to the anode 39 side after passing through the supply path of the raw material gas 2 on the hydrogen generator 1 side.

  About the combustion apparatus 5 comprised as mentioned above, the operation | movement and an effect | action are demonstrated below.

  When the catalyst layer 3, the shifter 48, and the selective oxidation part 49 of the hydrogen generator 1 are replaced with the purge gas 36b, the same system path as the purge gas discharge process on the anode 39 side is used, and the off gas 7 pushed out by the purge gas 36b, Purge-off gas is supplied to the distributor 9 through the fuel supply pipe 37 and is ejected from the nozzle 13 to the combustion chamber 15 to form a flame 12 and combust, thereby performing purge gas discharge processing.

  When the fuel cell system is started, the sealed state is maintained with the purge gas 36b on the anode 39 side until the temperature of the hydrogen generator 1 rises to a predetermined temperature. On the hydrogen generator 1 side, the purge gas 36 b is sent from the communication pipe 46 to the fuel supply pipe 37. The fuel gas 8 (same as the purge gas 36b) is supplied from the raw material supply pipe 41, and the combustion device 5 is replaced with the purge gas 36b to replace the catalyst layer 3, the shift portion 48, and the selective oxidation portion 49 of the hydrogen generator 1. The hydrogen generator 1 is heated.

  As described above, in the present embodiment, the purge gas discharge processing on the anode 39 side and the hydrogen generator 1 side is performed in a series of operations, so that the configuration can be simplified, cost reduction and reliability can be improved. it can.

  The purge gas 36b can be supplied by an independent system path even if the anode 39 side and the hydrogen generator 1 side are not configured in series by a series of system paths.

  As described above, the combustion apparatus 5 according to the present invention can perform good combustion even when other flammable gas or air is supplied to the flame 12 in the steady combustion state. It can be applied to the odor prevention of waste disposal machines.

Sectional drawing of the combustion apparatus in Embodiment 1, 4 of this invention System diagram of combustion apparatus and fuel cell system in Embodiments 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 11, 12, and 13 of the present invention The principal part enlarged view of the combustion apparatus in Embodiment 6 of this invention The principal part enlarged view of the combustion apparatus in Embodiment 7 of this invention The principal part enlarged view of the combustion apparatus in Embodiment 8 of this invention System diagram of combustion apparatus and fuel cell system in Embodiments 9 and 10 of the present invention

Explanation of symbols

1 Hydrogen generator 5 Combustion device 8 Fuel (fuel gas)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 9 Distributor 10 Air ejection part 11 Air 18 Air chamber 20 Blowing means 29 Flame detection means (flame detection part)
32 Mixing chamber 33 Partition 35 Purge gas pipe 36a, b Purge gas 38 Fuel cell 39 Anode 50 Cathode 67 Opening 68 Hole 69 Lid

Claims (13)

A distributor that ejects fuel; an air ejection portion that is provided around the distributor and that supplies air to the fuel; an air chamber that is provided around the air ejection portion; and a blowing unit that supplies air to the air chamber, A mixing chamber provided inside the air chamber by a partition wall and partitioned from the air chamber around the air ejection part, and a gas body discharged outside the system path by the purge gas or purge gas of the fuel cell system inside the mixing chamber Combustion device provided with a purge gas pipe that is provided with an opening at the end thereof for supplying gas. The combustion apparatus of Claim 1 used for the heating of the hydrogen generator which generate | occur | produces the hydrogen supplied to a fuel cell system. The combustion apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the purge gas is the same as a raw material gas of a hydrogen generator that supplies hydrogen to the fuel cell system. The combustion chamber according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the mixing chamber is provided with a plurality of communication ports in the partition wall and air is supplied from the air chamber. The combustion apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the purge gas pipe is configured such that a flow velocity in the pipe is equal to or higher than a combustion speed of the purge gas. 6. The purge gas pipe according to claim 1, wherein a lid having a plurality of holes is provided in an opening facing the mixing chamber, and the opening of the hole has a diameter or a length equal to or less than a quenching distance of the purge gas. The combustion apparatus according to Item 1. The purge gas pipe according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the purge gas pipe is provided with an opening at a position where the purge gas flowing into the mixing chamber from the opening does not affect the flame detection part when it is ejected from the air ejection part. Combustion equipment. The purge gas pipe supplies the cathode-side purge gas to the mixing chamber at least one of before the start of power generation and after the end of power generation of the fuel cell system, and is jetted together with air from the air jetting portion and burned. The combustion apparatus of Claim 1. The combustion apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the distributor injects and burns the anode-side purge gas or purge-off gas together with the fuel at least one before the start of power generation and after the end of power generation in the fuel cell system. . The combustion according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the distributor injects and burns the purge gas or purge off gas of the hydrogen generator together with the fuel at least one before the start of power generation and after the end of power generation in the fuel cell system. apparatus. When the cathode or anode side or hydrogen generator side purge gas or purge off gas is jetted and burned, the excess air side is higher than the air ratio of steady combustion performed using the fuel jetted from the distributor and the air supplied from the air jetting part. The combustion apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 10, which is set as follows. The combustion apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein the purge gas or the purge off gas is supplied such that the purge gas on the cathode side and the purge gas or the purge off gas on the anode side or the hydrogen generator side are not simultaneously ejected. The combustion apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein the purge gas on the anode side is supplied to the anode side after passing through the raw material supply flow path on the hydrogen generator side.

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