JP2006002991A - Combustion device - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To detect a combustion state and to keep consistent combustion of a combustion device used in a hydrogen generator. <P>SOLUTION: This combustion device comprises a plurality of temperature detecting means 26 for detecting a temperature of each part of a combustion part 18 where city gas, LPG, an off gas (unreacted hydrogen gas) discharged from a fuel cell, or a gas prepared by mixing the city gas or LPG and the off gas is burned, and a control part 22 for determining the combustion state of the combustion part 18 and controlling a blower means 21 on the basis of the data of the temperature detecting means 26. As the hydrogen generator 1 is heated by the combustion of only the off gas discharged from the fuel cell without adding excess fuel and without affected by components of fuel such as the concentration of carbon hydride in detecting the flame 12, the reforming efficiency of the hydrogen generator 1 can be improved. Further as the proper amount of air 11 can be supplied to the flame 12, the combustion device 5 having a good condition of an exhaust gas can be provided. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a combustion apparatus used for heating a hydrogen generator of a fuel cell that detects a flame and maintains a normal combustion state.

Conventionally, this type of combustion apparatus uses a flame rod system for detecting flames. Flame detection by the flame rod method is performed by applying an alternating voltage to the flame rod and taking out a direct current generated by the rectifying action of the flame. This rectification action is due to the ionization of the hydrocarbons in the fuel. Therefore, if there are no hydrocarbons in the fuel or the concentration of hydrocarbons in the fuel is low, the current required for determination may not flow. is there. At this time, high calorie gas (raw fuel) is mixed with unreacted hydrogen gas (hereinafter referred to as off-gas), which is low calorie gas discharged from the fuel cell, and supplied to increase the action of ions in the flame and rectify. There is one that stabilizes the action and performs flame rod type flame detection accurately (see, for example, Patent Document 1).
JP 2001-201046 A

  However, in the conventional configuration, since the high-calorie gas (raw fuel) is mixed with the off-gas, there is a problem that the fuel consumption increases and the reforming efficiency of the hydrogen generator is lowered.

  In addition, since the frame rod cannot obtain a predetermined current with respect to the change in the state of the flame, there is a problem that it is impossible to determine whether an appropriate amount of air is supplied to the flame and good combustion continues. .

  The present invention solves the above-mentioned conventional problems and is used for heating a hydrogen generator of a fuel cell that supplies an appropriate amount of air to a flame formed in a combustion section without reducing the reforming efficiency of the hydrogen generator. An object of the present invention is to provide a combustion apparatus.

  In order to solve the above-described conventional problems, a combustion apparatus according to the present invention includes a combustion unit that burns a gas body that is a city gas, LPG, or off-gas discharged from a fuel cell, or a gas body that is a mixture of city gas, LPG, and off-gas. A plurality of temperature detecting means for detecting the temperature and a control part for receiving the data of the temperature detecting means and determining the combustion state of the combustion part and controlling the blowing means are provided.

  As a result, when detecting the combustion state, the hydrogen generator can be heated by burning only off-gas discharged from the fuel cell without adding extra fuel without depending on the fuel component such as hydrocarbon concentration. The reforming efficiency of the hydrogen generator can be improved by setting the optimal raw materials and fuel to obtain the unreacted hydrogen gas necessary for the battery.

  In addition, since an appropriate amount of air can be supplied to the flame formed in the combustion section, a combustion apparatus with good exhaust gas can be provided.

  The combustion apparatus of the present invention can improve the reforming efficiency of the hydrogen generator.

  Moreover, the combustion apparatus of this invention can maintain the favorable combustion state of exhaust gas.

  1st invention detects the temperature of the combustion part which burns the gas body which mixed the gas body which mixed city gas, LPG, or off gas (unreacted hydrogen gas) discharged | emitted from a fuel cell, or city gas, LPG, and off gas The detection means and the control part for receiving the data of the temperature detection means and determining the combustion state of the combustion part and controlling the blower means, the concentration of hydrocarbons when detecting the flame of the combustion part, etc. The hydrogen generator is used to heat the hydrogen generator and burn unreacted hydrogen gas necessary for the fuel cell by burning only off-gas discharged from the fuel cell without adding extra fuel regardless of the fuel component. It is possible to improve the reforming efficiency.

  In addition, since an appropriate amount of air can be supplied to the flame formed in the combustion section, a combustion apparatus with good exhaust gas can be provided.

  According to the second aspect of the invention, in particular, the combustion section of the first aspect of the present invention includes a distributor for ejecting fuel and an air ejection section for supplying air to the fuel, so that city gas, LPG, or a fuel cell can be used. When the off-gas to be discharged or the gas body in which city gas or LPG and off-gas are mixed is burned out from the same distributor, the configuration becomes simple and a low-cost combustion apparatus can be provided.

  In the third aspect of the invention, in particular, the control unit of the first aspect or the second aspect of the invention is configured to vary the determination range of the temperature detection means according to each fuel when different types of fuel are supplied. As a result, even when fuels having different calorific values or air amounts having different settings are supplied, the combustion state can be determined corresponding to the formation of flame of the combustion gas at that time.

  In the fourth aspect of the invention, in particular, the temperature detecting means of any one of the first to third aspects of the invention is provided in a plural number so as to detect the temperature of the air ejection part and the temperature in the combustion cylinder, thereby The data of both the part that reacts to changes in air and the part that is less sensitive to changes in air volume and is stable is obtained, and the data of the part corresponding to changes in air volume is complemented to output the temperature detection means Data accuracy can be improved.

  In the fifth aspect of the invention, in particular, the control unit according to any one of the first to fourth aspects compares the data of the plurality of temperature detecting means with the data stored in the control unit in advance. By giving instructions to the blower means to guide the stored data to the combustion state, it is possible to accurately set the air flow rate and to accurately control the heating temperature of the hydrogen generator. .

  In the sixth aspect of the invention, in particular, the control unit according to any one of the first to fifth aspects of the invention grasps the temperature rise of the plurality of portions at the time of combustion by the plurality of temperature detecting means and complements each other. By determining the ignition state, it can be determined reliably that ignition has been performed.

  In the seventh invention, in particular, the control unit according to any one of the first to sixth inventions grasps the temperature drop of the plurality of portions at the time of combustion by the plurality of temperature detecting means and complements each other. It is possible to reliably determine that a misfire has occurred.

  In the eighth invention, in particular, the control unit of any one of the first to seventh inventions includes a flame detection temperature detection means and an air ratio detection temperature detection means among the plurality of temperature detection means. Judging the air shortage state of the flame, sending instructions to the blower means, and performing the operation to cancel the air shortage state, it is possible to grasp the state of the flame formed in the combustion part and characterize the appropriate amount of air Therefore, a combustion apparatus with good exhaust gas can be provided.

  In the ninth aspect of the invention, in particular, the combustion apparatus according to any one of the first to eighth aspects of the invention is mounted on a hydrogen generator that generates a reformed gas containing hydrogen by a reforming reaction of a hydrocarbon-based raw material. Therefore, when detecting the combustion state, it does not depend on the fuel component such as the hydrocarbon concentration, so the methane concentration is reduced to obtain the unreacted hydrogen gas necessary for the fuel cell, and the optimal raw material and fuel are set. As a result, the reforming efficiency of the hydrogen generator can be improved.

  In addition, since an appropriate amount of air can be supplied to the flame formed in the combustion section, a combustion apparatus with good exhaust gas can be provided.

(Embodiment 1)
FIG. 1 is an overall configuration diagram of a hydrogen generator including a combustion device used in a fuel cell device according to a first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a structural view of the combustion apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention viewed from the downstream side.

  In FIG. 1, 1 is a hydrogen generator that generates hydrogen to be supplied to a fuel cell power generator using city gas 6 (or LPG or hydrocarbon-based fuel) as a raw material, and 2 is treated by a desulfurization device (not shown). 3 is a raw material gas composed of city gas (or LPG or hydrocarbon fuel) and water vapor, and 3 is a catalyst layer filled with a catalyst mainly composed of nickel or ruthenium. By reacting 2, a product gas 4 composed of hydrogen, carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide is produced. Since this generation reaction is an endothermic reaction that occurs at a high temperature of about 700 ° C., the combustion gas is supplied from the combustion device 5 to heat the raw material gas 2 and the catalyst layer 3.

  5 is a combustion device that mixes off-gas 7 discharged from the city gas 6 or the fuel cell, or the city gas 6 and the off-gas 7, and is ejected from the distributor 9 as the fuel gas 8, and air 11 from the periphery of the air ejection portion 10. To form a flame 12 and burn. A plurality of nozzles 13 for ejecting the fuel gas 8 are provided in the circumferential direction of the distributor 9 at the tip of the circular tubular distributor 9, and the fuel gas 8 is ejected radially. The air ejection part 10 is provided with a plurality of air ejection holes 14 at substantially right angles on the side surfaces of the air ejection part 10. The air ejection unit 10 is configured to form a combustion chamber 15 in a cup shape so as to gradually expand in the outlet direction of the flame 12 around the distributor 9 and supply combustion air 11 into the combustion chamber 15. . The air ejection holes 14 are arranged in a staggered manner in the vertical direction. The nozzle 13 of the distributor 9 is disposed so as to be substantially opposed to the air ejection hole 16 provided at the lowermost stage of the air ejection hole 14 of the air ejection section 10. In addition, a plurality of lower air ejection holes 17 are provided at the bottom of the air ejection section 10 so that a part of the air 11 is ejected in a direction parallel to the axial direction of the distributor 9. The distributor 9, the air ejection part 10 and the combustion chamber 15 constitute a combustion part 18.

  Reference numeral 19 denotes an air chamber that supplies the air 11, and configures a passage so as to surround the air ejection portion 10. A blowing means 21 is provided upstream of the air chamber 19 via a blowing duct 20. The blower means 21 is constituted by a blower that supplies air 11, and a turbo fan, a radial fan, or the like that can generate a high pressure is used as the impeller, and the impeller is rotated by a motor. The controller 22 controls the air blowing means 21.

  Reference numeral 23 denotes a combustion cylinder for avoiding the flame 12 generated by the combustion device 5 from directly touching the catalyst container 24 and further defining the flow path of the combustion gas 25. The combustion gas 25 flows along the periphery of the catalyst container 24 and is discharged to the outside of the hydrogen generator 1.

  26 is a temperature detection means, a flame detection temperature detection means 27 for detecting a temperature change of the combustion gas 25 flowing in the combustion cylinder 23, and an air ratio detection temperature for detecting the state of the flame 12 formed in the combustion chamber 15. The detecting means 28 is used. The flame detection temperature detection means 27 detects the temperature with a thermocouple provided so that its tip faces the downstream side of the combustion section 18 in the combustion cylinder 23. The air ratio detecting temperature detecting means 28 detects the temperature by a thermocouple having its tip facing the combustion chamber 15 through an air ejection hole 29 provided at the uppermost stage of the air ejection hole 14 of the air ejection section 10. Like to do. The signals of the plurality of temperature detection means 27 and 28 are sent to the controller 22 to determine whether ignition or misfire has occurred, to determine the combustion state of the flame 12 and to assume the air ratio to the blower means 21. By giving an instruction, an appropriate amount of air is supplied, and the state of combustion is made good by matching with signals from a plurality of temperature detection means 26 obtained when the amount of air is appropriate. As the thermocouple, a sheathed thermocouple made of heat-resistant clothing is used. The opening area of the air ejection hole 29 is configured to be large so that an air ejection amount equivalent to that of the other air ejection ports 14 can be obtained when a thermocouple is inserted.

  The controller 22 stores assumed temperature data of a plurality of temperature detection means 26. For example, the city gas 6 and the off gas 7 discharged from the fuel cell in the combustion device 5 or the fuel gas 8 when the city gas 6 and the off gas 7 are mixed depend on the type, flow rate, and set air amount (air ratio). Since all of the plurality of temperature detection means 26 have unique temperature data, all the data are stored. An instruction is given to the air blowing means 21 based on the data.

  Reference numeral 30 denotes an insertion passage provided at the center of the distributor 9 so as to penetrate the distributor 9. The insertion passage 30 is configured to be separated from the distributor 9, and the fuel gas 8 does not enter. An ignition electrode 31 is inserted into the insertion passage 30 and is composed of a heat-resistant Kanthal wire or an Eit wire. The periphery of the electrode 31 is covered with an insulating insulator 32 for insulation. The insulator 32 is formed of a ceramic material such as heat-resistant alumina or silica, and a glaze composed of a glass component is applied to the surface thereof. The tip of the electrode 31 faces the combustion chamber 15 and is positioned so that spark discharges fly to the top plate 33 of the distributor 9.

  In FIG. 2, only the distributor 9 shows a section of the position of the nozzle 13 in order to make the position of the nozzle 13 easy to understand. In the figure, a radial arrow A from the central portion to the peripheral direction represents the direction of ejection of the fuel gas 8 ejected from the nozzle 13, and conversely, an arrow B toward the central direction is indicated by a broken line C in the air ejection hole 14. The direction of the air 11 ejected from the lowermost air ejection hole 16 is shown. Thus, in this invention, it is comprised so that the ejection direction of the fuel gas 8 and the ejection direction of the air 11 may be located on a straight line. Furthermore, in the present invention, the lower air ejection hole 17 is arranged at a position where the air 11 ejected from the lower air ejection hole 17 intersects the arrow A in the ejection direction of the fuel gas 8.

  About the combustion apparatus comprised as mentioned above, the operation | movement and an effect | action are demonstrated below.

  First, when the combustion apparatus 5 is started, the air blower 21 is operated by the controller 22 to blow the combustion air 11. The air 11 passes through the blower duct 20 and flows into the air chamber 19, and is supplied to the combustion chamber 15 from the air ejection hole 14 of the air ejection portion 10. Here, when the city gas 6 or the off-gas fuel gas 8 having different combustion speeds and flow rates are ejected from the nozzle 13 of the distributor 9, the lowermost air jet substantially opposite to the fuel gas 8 ejected radially from the distributor 9. The air 11 supplied from the holes 17 collides and mixes. At this time, spark discharge is performed by the electrode 31 facing the combustion chamber 15 from the insertion passage 30 provided in the center of the distributor 9, and the fuel gas 8 is ignited. The fuel gas 8 flows in the direction of the opening of the air ejection part 10, but since the shape of the air ejection part 10 is cup-shaped as shown in the figure, the cross-sectional area of the flow path of the fuel gas 8 continuously increases. As a result, the flow velocity of the fuel gas 8 is reduced, and a partial premixed flame 12 is generated and burned at a place where the flow velocity is equal to or less than the burning velocity of the city gas 6 or the offgas 7. The catalyst layer 3 of the hydrogen generator 1 is heated by this combustion.

  When the fuel gas 8 flows into the distributor 9 and the combustion chamber 15 is supplied with the combustion air 11 at the time of starting, a flame 12 is formed in the combustion section 18 and is exposed to the combustion chamber 15 from the air ejection hole 29 of the air ejection section 10. The signal is sent to the controller 22 due to the temperature rise of the temperature detection means 28 for air ratio detection and the temperature rise of the temperature detection means 27 for flame detection provided at the lower part of the combustion cylinder 23 due to the ejection of the combustion gas 25, Ignition is performed. The controller 22 compares the already stored signal data of the temperature detection means 26 at the start of the hydrogen generator 1 to determine whether ignition and combustion are normally performed. By determining the signals of the plurality of temperature detection means 26, the combustion state is accurately confirmed. When a temperature change signal different from the stored data is obtained among the plurality of temperature detectors 26, a combustion abnormality is determined and a restart operation is performed, or the combustion apparatus 5 Is stopped and error display (not shown) is performed. Further, when the flame 12 is formed and enters a steady state, the temperature data obtained by receiving the combustion heat of the flame 12 and the combustion gas 25 formed by the flow rate of the fuel and the amount of the air 11 supplied from the blowing means 21, Monitor. In addition, if the air blowing means 21 is controlled so as to follow the signal change caused by the temperature rise of the air ratio detecting temperature detecting means 28 of the temperature detecting means 26 due to the change of the flame 12, the temperature rises above a predetermined temperature. If the air 11 is increased and falls below a predetermined temperature, the air 11 is decreased, and the steady combustion of the set air amount is always maintained. At this time, when the city gas 6 is 13A or LPG, the calorific value is different and the set air 11 amount is also different, so that the temperature detection range (threshold value) is also changed according to each fuel. Similarly, since the off-gas 7 has a different heat generation amount and set air amount, a unique temperature detection range is set.

  The plurality of temperature detection means 26 and the flame detection temperature detection means 27 are sensitive to changes in the air amount (air ratio) by measuring the temperature of the combustion gas 25 downstream of the combustion section 18. Without it, the presence or absence of combustion is determined. In addition, the air ratio detection temperature detection means 28 measures the temperature of the flame 12 so that it reacts sensitively to changes in the amount of air, and particularly uses the temperature rise when there is a shortage of air. The amount of air is determined according to the fuel flow rate. By using a plurality of temperature detecting means 26, each thermocouple is complemented and the determination is made accurately.

  As described above, in the present embodiment, the temperature change on the downstream side of the combustion section 18 that burns the city gas 6, the off gas 7 discharged from the fuel cell, or the gas body obtained by mixing the city gas 6 and the off gas 7. And a plurality of temperature detection means 26 for detecting temperature changes due to the formation state (combustion state) of the flame 12 and the data of the temperature detection means 26 are received to determine the combustion state of the combustion section 18 and to control the blower means 21. Since the control unit 22 is provided, only the off-gas 7 discharged from the fuel cell is added without adding extra fuel without depending on the fuel component such as the hydrocarbon concentration when detecting the flame 12 of the combustion unit 18. Thus, the reforming efficiency of the hydrogen generator 1 can be improved in order to heat the hydrogen generator 1 and obtain unreacted hydrogen gas necessary for the fuel cell.

  Moreover, in this Embodiment, since the air shortage state of the flame 12 formed in the combustion part 18 can be determined and appropriate air quantity can be supplied, the combustion apparatus 5 with favorable exhaust gas can be provided.

  Further, in the present embodiment, the air amount of the flame 12 formed in the combustion unit 18 is determined and the air ratio can be maintained appropriately. Therefore, even if the air ratio is set to a lower value, combustion failure is prevented, A reduction in efficiency due to excess air in the hydrogen generator 1 can be prevented.

  Further, in the present embodiment, by providing a plurality of temperature detecting means, it is possible to surely grasp the temperature change due to the change in the combustion state of the flame 12, prevent malfunction of the combustion detection, and reliably form the flame 12. Can be confirmed.

  Further, in the present embodiment, the fuel gas 8 is provided by providing the distributor 9 for injecting the fuel gas 8 in the peripheral direction and the air injection portion 10 for injecting the air 11 from the periphery to the center so as to surround the distributor 9. Mixing of 8 and air 11 is promoted, the flame 12 is shortened, and the combustion apparatus 5 can be reduced in size and cost.

  Further, in the present embodiment, since the flame current of the flame 12 is not detected, it is not affected by the position where the flame 12 is formed, and each of the hydrocarbon-based fuel such as the city gas 6 and the off-gas 7 discharged from the fuel cell. Thus, the flame 12 suitable for the combustion rate is formed and combustion is possible with a small amount of air (low oxygen excess rate), so that the heat loss of the hydrogen generator 1 can be prevented and the reforming reaction can be improved.

  Further, the flame detection temperature detection means 27 of this embodiment is combusted through the air injection hole 16 provided at the lowest stage of the air injection hole 14 of the air injection part 10 and the lower air injection hole 17 provided at the bottom of the air injection part 10. It is also possible to perform the same stable temperature detection by facing the chamber 15.

  Further, if the temperature detection means 26 of the present embodiment can be added in addition to the flame detection temperature detection means 27 and the air ratio detection temperature detection means 28, the combustion state of the flame 12 can be grasped more accurately and the proper combustion state can be maintained. It is also possible to do.

  Further, the temperature detecting means 26 of the present embodiment uses a thermocouple, but it is also possible to use a high temperature thermistor.

(Embodiment 2)
FIG. 1 shows a cross-sectional view of a combustion apparatus according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

  In FIG. 1, the control unit 22 changes the detection range (threshold value) of the temperature detection means 26 when different types of fuel gas 8 are supplied into the distributor 9. 8 is supplied, the component of the fuel gas 8 is different, the formation position of the flame 12 is changed, and even if the amount of air 11 (air ratio) set by the fuel gas 8 is greatly different, the combustion state is determined. It is configured to do.

  About the combustion apparatus comprised as mentioned above, the operation | movement and an effect | action are demonstrated below.

  First, the control unit 22 uses the city gas 6 (13A) as the fuel gas 8 or LPG and off-gas so that the calorific value and the set air amount (air ratio) are different, and the formation position of the flame 12 is also different. The detection range of the means 26 is also varied according to each fuel. Thereby, the control unit 22 determines the combustion state by storing in advance the threshold corresponding to the formation of the flame 12 by the type of the fuel gas 8 and the temperature change by the combustion gas 25.

  As described above, in the present embodiment, the control unit 22 changes the determination range of the temperature detection means 26 when different types of fuel gas 8 are supplied, so that the heat generation amount and the air ratio are changed. Even if different fuel gases 8 are supplied, the combustion state can be determined in accordance with the temperature change of the flame 12 and the combustion gas 25.

(Embodiment 3)
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a combustion apparatus according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

  In FIG. 1, a plurality of temperature detecting means 26 are provided so as to detect the temperature of the air ejection part 10 and the temperature in the combustion cylinder 23.

  About the combustion apparatus comprised as mentioned above, the operation | movement and an effect | action are demonstrated below.

  First, the temperature detection means 26 measures the temperature change due to the state change of the flame 12 by measuring the temperature of the air ejection part 10, and particularly corresponds to the change in the amount of air 11, and the temperature at the time of air shortage The rise is measured and the temperature of the amount of air generated by carbon monoxide is detected to determine the state of poor combustion. Further, the temperature in the combustion cylinder 23 is measured to detect the temperature of the portion where the change is small with respect to the change in the air amount, and the presence or absence of combustion, the blow-off of the flame 12 and the like are grasped.

  As described above, in the present embodiment, the temperature detecting means 26 obtains both data of a portion that reacts to a change in the air amount and a portion that is less sensitive to a change in the air amount and is stable. Thus, the accuracy of the output data of the temperature detecting means 26 can be improved.

(Embodiment 4)
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a combustion apparatus according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

  In FIG. 1, the control unit 22 compares the data of a plurality of temperature detection means 26 with the data stored in the control unit 22 in advance, and induces the combustion state of the data stored in the control unit 22. Therefore, an instruction is given to the blower means 21.

  About the combustion apparatus comprised as mentioned above, the operation | movement and an effect | action are demonstrated below.

  First, the control unit 22 compares the detection data obtained by the temperature detection unit 26 with the combustion state of the flame 12 of each fuel gas 8 and the temperature change data of the combustion gas 25 stored in the control unit 22 in advance. If there is a large difference in the data (a temperature difference greater than a predetermined variation), an instruction is given to the blower means 21 to guide the combustion state of the temperature change data stored in the control unit 22, and the air 11 is increased / decreased, and the operation of bringing the detection data closer to the temperature change data stored in the control unit 22 is performed.

  As described above, in the present embodiment, the control unit 22 compares the data stored in the control unit 22 by comparing the data of the temperature detection means 26 with the data stored in the control unit 22 in advance. Since an instruction is given to the blower means 21 to induce the combustion state, the air amount of the fuel gas 8 is accurately set, and the heating temperature of the hydrogen generator 1 can be maintained well.

(Embodiment 5)
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a combustion apparatus according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.

  In FIG. 1, the control part 22 is comprised so that the temperature rise of the several part at the time of combustion may be grasped | ascertained by the some detection means 26, and an ignition state may be determined.

  About the combustion apparatus comprised as mentioned above, the operation | movement and an effect | action are demonstrated below.

  First, when the hydrogen generator 1 is started, the fuel gas 8 (city gas 6 at the start) flows into the distributor 9. Here, when the electrode 31 is ignited, the rapid temperature generated when the flame 12 is formed at the time of ignition. Due to the rise, the temperature is detected as instantaneously protruding data by a plurality of temperature detecting means 26 and the ignition is confirmed. Thereafter, a predetermined temperature of the flame 12 is detected by the amount of fuel gas 8 instructed by the control unit 22 and the amount of air 11 from the blower means 21.

  As described above, in the present embodiment, the control unit 22 grasps the temperature rise of the flame 12 and the combustion gas 25 by the plurality of temperature detection means 26 and determines the ignition state. The difference between the detection data of the rapid temperature rise at the time and the temperature detection data at the time of stable combustion is determined, and it can be determined reliably that ignition has been performed.

(Embodiment 6)
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a combustion apparatus according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention.

  In FIG. 1, the control part 22 is comprised so that the temperature drop of the several part at the time of misfire may be grasped | ascertained by the some detection means 26, and a misfire state may be determined.

  About the combustion apparatus comprised as mentioned above, the operation | movement and an effect | action are demonstrated below.

  First, the hydrogen generator 1 maintains combustion by the formation of the flame 12 based on the fuel flow rate and the amount of air 11 instructed by the control unit 22. Here, the supply of the fuel gas 8 is instructed by the control unit 22. When the flame 12 is blown off, the flame 12 becomes excessive and the flame 12 blows off, the temperature of the combustion gas 25 decreases, and the temperature detection data when the flame 12 is not stored is stored in advance. By determining the difference, the temperature is surely determined that misfire has occurred.

  As described above, in the present embodiment, the plurality of temperature detecting means 26 grasps the blow-off of the flame 12 and the temperature drop of the combustion gas 25 to determine the misfire state. The difference from the temperature detection data at the time of non-formation is determined, and it can be determined reliably that misfire has occurred.

(Embodiment 7)
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a combustion apparatus according to a seventh embodiment of the present invention.

  In FIG. 1, the control unit 22 determines the air shortage state of the flame 12 by the flame detection temperature detection means 27 and the air ratio detection temperature detection means 28 among the plurality of temperature detection means 26, and blower means. An instruction is sent to 21 to perform an operation of eliminating the air shortage state.

  About the combustion apparatus comprised as mentioned above, the operation | movement and an effect | action are demonstrated below.

  First, the control unit 22 evaluates the data of the air ratio detection temperature detection unit 28 of the pressure detection unit 26 and the flame 12 obtained with a predetermined amount of the fuel gas 8 and the air 11 stored in the control unit 22. When the difference is larger than a predetermined value as compared with the data obtained from the state (data of the air ratio detecting temperature detecting means 28 stored in the control unit 22), the flame 12 is short of air. Then, it is determined that combustion failure has occurred and carbon monoxide or soot has been generated, and an instruction is sent to the blowing means 21 to increase the amount of air 11. As a result, when the flame 12 returns to an appropriate air ratio, the temperature of the air ratio detection temperature detecting means 28 also drops, confirming that combustion has been improved. Further, the flame detection temperature detection means 27 compensates for a sudden temperature change of the air ratio detection temperature detection means 28, for example, when the air is excessive, and determines whether the combustion is always maintained by complementing the excessive temperature drop. Like to do.

  Further, if the air ratio detection temperature detecting means 28 does not drop even when the air 11 is increased by the blower means 21, the combustion device 5 is stopped as a combustion abnormality.

  As described above, in the present embodiment, the state of the flame 12 formed in the combustion unit 18 can be accurately grasped and an appropriate amount of air 11 can be supplied, so that it is possible to provide the combustion apparatus 5 with good exhaust gas. it can.

  Moreover, since the operation | movement which stops the combustion apparatus 5 is performed, the capability fall by the exhaust gas obstruction | occlusion of the combustion apparatus 5 can be grasped | ascertained, and generation | occurrence | production of a dangerous state by the combustion apparatus 5 can be prevented.

(Embodiment 8)
FIG. 1 is an overall configuration diagram showing a hydrogen generator 1 according to an eighth embodiment of the present invention.

  In FIG. 1, the combustion device 5 is configured to be mounted on a hydrogen generator 1 that generates an offgas 7 containing hydrogen by a reforming reaction of a hydrocarbon-based raw material.

  About the combustion apparatus comprised as mentioned above, the operation | movement and an effect | action are demonstrated below.

  First, the combustion state of the flames of the city gas 6 and the offgas 7 and the temperature change of the combustion gas 25 when the hydrogen generator 1 is heated are detected by a plurality of temperature detection means 26, and fuel is charged and ignited from the temperature change state. The operation of steady combustion, misfire, etc. is determined to maintain stable combustion.

  As described above, in the present embodiment, the combustion device 5 is mounted on the hydrogen generator 1 that generates the offgas 7 containing hydrogen by the reforming reaction of the hydrocarbon-based raw material. In order to obtain the unreacted hydrogen gas required for the fuel cell without adding extra fuel without depending on the fuel components such as hydrocarbon concentration, the methane concentration is reduced, and the optimal raw materials and fuel settings are used. The reforming efficiency of the hydrogen generator can be improved.

  In addition, since an appropriate amount of air can be supplied to the flame formed in the combustion section, a combustion apparatus with good exhaust gas can be provided.

  In addition, the hydrogen generator 1 using the combustion device 5 of the present embodiment forms a stable flame 12 even when the power generation load fluctuates, and can generate a predetermined amount of hydrogen, thereby allowing stable operation of the fuel cell power generation device. Can be possible.

  As described above, the combustion apparatus according to the present invention does not depend on the fuel components such as the hydrocarbon concentration when detecting the combustion state, and includes different types of fuel flames including off-gas discharged from the fuel cell. Since detection becomes possible, it can be applied to a heat source of a water heater or a heater.

Whole sectional view of a hydrogen generator including a combustion apparatus in Embodiments 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, and 8 of the present invention Structure diagram of combustion apparatus according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention viewed from the downstream side

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Hydrogen generator 9 Distributor 10 Air ejection part 18 Combustion part 21 Blower means 22 Control part 26 Temperature detection means

Claims (9)

A plurality of temperature detection means for detecting the temperature of a combustion section that burns city gas, LPG, or off gas (unreacted hydrogen gas) discharged from a fuel cell, or a gas body in which city gas or LPG and off gas are mixed; A combustion apparatus comprising a control unit that receives data of the temperature detection unit and determines the combustion state of the combustion unit and controls the blower unit. The combustion apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the combustion section includes a distributor that ejects fuel and an air ejection section that supplies air to the fuel. The combustion apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the control unit varies the determination range of the temperature detection means when different types of fuel are supplied. The combustion apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a plurality of temperature detection means are provided so as to detect the temperature of the air ejection portion and the temperature in the combustion cylinder. The control unit compares the data of the plurality of temperature detection means and the data stored in the control unit in advance, and gives an instruction to the blowing unit to guide the combustion state of the data stored in the control unit. The combustion apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4. The combustion apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the control unit grasps the temperature rise of the plurality of temperature detection means and determines the ignition state. The combustion apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the controller is configured to determine a misfire state by grasping a temperature drop of the plurality of detection means. The control unit determines the air shortage state of the flame by using the temperature detecting means for detecting the flame and the temperature detecting means for detecting the air ratio among the plurality of temperature detecting means, sends an instruction to the blowing means, and is in an air shortage state. The combustion apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein an operation for eliminating the problem is performed. The combustion apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the combustion apparatus is mounted on a hydrogen generator that generates hydrogen by a reforming reaction of a hydrocarbon-based raw material.

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