JP2005226898A - Combustion device - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a combustion device 5 for controlling a heating rate to a predetermined temperature while preventing carbon deposition of a catalyst layer 3 in heating a hydrogen generator 1. <P>SOLUTION: The combustion device is provided with a combustion chamber 15 surrounded by a distributor 9 and an air blowout part 10, an air chamber 18 provided on an upper stream side of the air blowout part 10, an outer side air chamber 20 provided separately from the air chamber 18, an air flowing-out part 28 for flowing out air 11 of the outer side air chamber 20, and an air controller 23 for controlling the air 11 supplied to the outer side air chamber 20. The air controller 23 lets the air 11 supplied to the outer side air chamber 20 cool combustion gas 31. Thereby, the combustion device 5 prevents the carbon deposition of the catalyst layer 3 by a rapid temperature increase, and improve durability of the catalyst layer 3 while maintaining good combustion in continuing heating only by input of water vapor without a nitrogen purge to the catalyst layer 3 of the hydrogen generator 1. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a combustion apparatus used for a hydrogen generator of a fuel cell.

As a conventional combustion device of this type, a burner head having a flame hole that is supplied with combustion air via a fan on the outer peripheral wall, and a combustion chamber inside the flame hole, and a double tube for the combustion chamber are used. Then, there is a configuration in which high-calorie gas and low-calorie gas (off-gas) are supplied and combustible using a common flame hole (see, for example, Patent Document 1).
JP 2001-185186 A

  However, in the above prior art, when heating the hydrogen generator of the fuel cell, assuming that it is actually used, if the heating is continued only by adding steam without performing nitrogen purging on the catalyst layer of the hydrogen generator. The rapid temperature rise of the catalyst layer causes carbon deposition in the catalyst layer, which damages the catalyst and cannot withstand long-term use. Therefore, if the combustion device is operated in an excess air state and the catalyst layer is cooled by the excess air and an attempt is made to adopt a method for preventing a rapid temperature rise of the catalyst layer, the excess air ratio of the combustion device is too large. However, there is a problem that the flame holding becomes unstable and a large amount of carbon monoxide is generated.

  The present invention solves the above-mentioned conventional problems, and even when the excess air ratio becomes large when cooling the catalyst layer of the hydrogen generator, combustion that prevents the generation of carbon monoxide without disturbing the flame holding. An object is to provide an apparatus.

  In order to solve the above-described conventional problems, the combustion apparatus of the present invention is provided with an outer air chamber independently of an air chamber provided on the upstream side of the air ejection portion, and an air outflow portion that causes the air in the outer air chamber to flow out, An air controller for controlling the air supplied to the outer air chamber is provided.

  Thus, in order to supply the air for cooling the combustion gas from the outer air chamber independent of the air chamber of the air ejection part, only the combustion gas is brought into an excess air state without setting the flame in an excess air state, and the catalyst layer of the hydrogen generator To cool down.

  The combustion apparatus of the present invention can prevent the generation of carbon monoxide without disturbing the flame holding even if the combustion gas is diluted with excess air. This prevents carbon deposition in the catalyst layer due to rapid temperature rise of the catalyst layer while maintaining good combustion when continuing heating by simply introducing steam without purging the catalyst layer of the hydrogen generator In addition, the durability of the catalyst layer can be improved.

  According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a distributor for ejecting fuel to the surroundings, an air ejection section for ejecting air toward the distributor, a combustion chamber formed so as to be surrounded by the air ejection section and the distributor, and an upstream side of the air ejection section An air controller comprising: an air chamber to be provided; an outer air chamber provided independently of the air chamber; an air outflow portion for allowing the air in the outer air chamber to flow out; and an air controller for controlling the air supplied to the outer air chamber. If the combustion gas is cooled by the air supplied to the outer air chamber, and the combustion gas alone is brought into an excess air state without bringing the flame into an excess air state, the catalyst layer of the hydrogen generator is cooled, and the flame is maintained. Generation of carbon monoxide can be prevented without disturbing the flame. As a result, when the catalyst layer of the hydrogen generator is not purged with nitrogen, and heating is continued only by supplying steam, the catalyst layer is prevented from carbon deposition due to rapid temperature rise while maintaining good combustion, The durability of the layer can be improved.

  In the second invention, when the air controller heats the hydrogen generator that generates the reformed gas containing hydrogen by the steam reforming reaction of the hydrocarbon-based raw material, the air controller supplies air to the outer air chamber. By performing the operation of flowing out of the hydrogen generator, the temperature rise of the hydrogen generator is controlled by the amount of air, and the heating rate is controlled while maintaining the optimum temperature when the hydrogen generator is heated, and the catalyst layer for reforming Can be protected from carbon deposition.

  According to a third aspect of the invention, the air controller stops the cooling of the combustion gas by performing an operation of stopping the air supplied to the outer air chamber when the hydrogen generator reaches a predetermined temperature. Inflow is stopped, heat loss due to cooling of the hydrogen generator can be prevented, and fuel gas consumption can be reduced.

  According to a fourth aspect of the invention, when the air controller burns off gas discharged from the fuel cell, the air controller stops the air supplied to the outer air chamber so that excess air is not supplied to the combustion gas. Thus, the efficiency of the hydrogen generator can be improved during off-gas combustion.

  In the fifth aspect of the invention, the air controller performs an operation of introducing air into the outer air chamber to prevent backflow, so that air always flows out through the outer air chamber, and a large amount of air flows out. Even when it is not, high temperature combustion gas does not flow back into the outer air chamber, and damage to the structure due to heat can be prevented.

  In the sixth aspect of the invention, the air controller performs an operation of introducing air into the outer air chamber when the combustion device is stopped, so that a large amount of air flows and cools the catalyst layer of the hydrogen generator, The temperature of the hydrogen generator can be lowered and safety can be ensured in a short time.

  According to the seventh aspect of the invention, the air outflow portion is provided outside the combustion chamber, so that excess air flowing into the combustion chamber side is prevented. Occurrence can be prevented.

  In the eighth aspect of the invention, the air outflow portion is constituted by a plurality of through holes, so that a uniform air flow flows along the catalyst layer of the hydrogen generator, and the cooling of the catalyst layer is accelerated. The temperature of the catalyst layer can be accurately controlled.

  In the ninth aspect of the present invention, the air outflow portion is arranged inside the combustion cylinder provided above the combustion chamber, so that the air flows along the inner wall of the combustion cylinder and does not disturb the flow of the combustion gas. The air and the combustion gas are mixed in the part where the combustion is completed, and the deterioration of the characteristics of the combustion gas can be prevented.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

  Note that the present invention is not limited to the present embodiment.

(Embodiment 1)
FIG. 1 is an overall configuration diagram of a hydrogen generator used in a fuel cell device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a partial cross-sectional view of the combustion apparatus in the first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a structural diagram of the combustion apparatus according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention as viewed from the downstream side. FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the operation of the combustion apparatus in the first embodiment of the present invention.

  1 and 2, reference numeral 1 denotes a hydrogen generator that generates hydrogen to be supplied to a fuel cell power generation apparatus using city gas (or LPG) as a raw material, and 2 is a desulfurization apparatus (not shown). The raw material gas 3 consisting of city gas and water vapor later is a catalyst layer filled with a catalyst mainly composed of nickel or ruthenium. The raw material gas 2 is subjected to a steam reforming reaction in the catalyst layer 3 to generate hydrogen and A product gas 4 composed of carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide is generated. Since this generation reaction is an endothermic reaction that occurs at a high temperature of about 700 ° C., the combustion gas is supplied from the combustion device 5 to heat the raw material gas 2 and the catalyst layer 3.

  5 is a combustion device that mixes city gas 6 (or LPG), off-gas 7 (unreacted hydrogen gas) discharged from the fuel cell, or city gas 6 and off-gas 7, and ejects fuel gas 8 from distributor 9. Then, by supplying combustion air 11 from the periphery of the air ejection part 10, a flame 12 is formed and combustion is performed. A plurality of nozzles 13 for ejecting the fuel gas 8 are provided in the radial direction of the distributor 9 at the tip of the circular tubular distributor 9, and the fuel gas 8 is ejected radially. The air ejection part 10 is provided with a plurality of air ejection holes 14 at substantially right angles on the side surfaces of the air ejection part 10. The air ejection unit 10 is configured to form a combustion chamber 15 in a cup shape so as to gradually expand in the outlet direction of the flame 12 around the distributor 9 and supply combustion air 11 into the combustion chamber 15. . The air ejection holes 14 are arranged in a staggered manner in the vertical direction. The nozzle 13 of the distributor 9 is disposed so as to be substantially opposed to the air ejection hole 16 provided at the lowermost stage of the air ejection hole 14 of the air ejection section 10. In addition, a plurality of lower air ejection holes 17 are provided at the bottom of the air ejection section 10 so that a part of the air 11 is ejected in a direction parallel to the axial direction of the distributor 9.

  Reference numeral 18 denotes an air chamber for supplying air 11, and the air chamber 18 constitutes an outer air chamber 20 as an independent section by a partition wall 19 on the outer side thereof. A tubular air passage 21 communicates with the air chamber 18, and a tubular outer air passage 22 communicates with the outer air chamber 20. An air controller 23 is connected to the ends of the air passage 21 and the outer air passage 22, and the air 11 introduced into the outer air passage 22 is controlled by the controller 24.

  The air controller 23 includes a damper 25 that turns on and off the outside air passage 22 by opening and closing, and a drive device 26 that drives the damper 25. The damper 25 is provided with a configuration in which the plate surface is rotated to open and close the outer air passage 22, or the plate surface is pressed against the entrance of the outer air passage 22. The driving device 26 is configured to operate the damper 25 using a stepping motor, a solenoid, a motor, a gear, a cam, or the like. Air blowing means 27 is provided upstream of the air controller 23. The blower means 27 is constituted by a blower that supplies air 11, and a turbo fan, a radial fan, or the like that can generate a high pressure is used as the impeller, which is rotated by a motor.

  Reference numeral 28 denotes an air outflow portion formed by a plurality of through holes provided at the end of the outer air chamber 20, and the air outflow portion 28 opens to the outside of the combustion chamber 15.

  Reference numeral 29 denotes a combustion cylinder for avoiding the flame 12 generated by the combustion device 5 from directly touching the catalyst container 30 and further defining the flow path of the combustion gas 31. The upper portion of the combustion cylinder 29 is opened (or a plurality of through holes are opened at the upper portion), and the combustion gas 31 is discharged from the opening, flows along the periphery of the catalyst container 30, and is outside the hydrogen generator 1. Discharged. The air outflow portion 28 is configured to be disposed inside the combustion cylinder 29.

  Reference numeral 32 denotes an electrode for ignition, which is composed of a heat-resistant Kanthal wire or an Sweat wire. The periphery of the electrode 32 is covered with an insulating insulator 33 for insulation. The insulator 33 is formed of a ceramic material such as heat-resistant alumina or silica, and a glaze composed of a glass component is applied to the surface thereof. The tip of the electrode 32 is provided with an insertion passage 34 in the approximate center of the distributor 9 and is inserted from the insertion passage 34 so as to face the combustion chamber 15. Positioning is performed so that spark discharges fly from the tip of the electrode 32 to the top plate portion of the distributor 9.

  Reference numeral 35 denotes a flame detection means, which constitutes a frame rod with a heat-resistant Kanthal wire or an sweat wire. The periphery of the flame detecting means 35 is covered with an insulating insulator 36. The insulator 36 is formed of a ceramic material such as heat-resistant alumina or silica, and a glaze composed of a glass component is applied to the surface thereof. The tip of the flame detection means 35 faces the combustion chamber 15, bends with a curvature, and is positioned so as to face the flame 12 while having a predetermined gap along the inner wall of the air ejection part 10. . The flame detection means 35 is attached by extending the front end of the flame detection means 35 from the inner lower part of the combustion cylinder 29 provided at the upper part of the air ejection part 10. In accordance with an instruction from the controller 24, an alternating current or direct current voltage is applied to the flame detection means 35 to detect an ionic current in the flame 12. The data of the flame detection means 35 is determined as a voltage value or a current value. Further, a ground wire 37 is drawn from a part of the combustion device 5.

  Reference numeral 38 denotes a heat insulating layer formed of alumina, silica or the like provided on the outer periphery of the hydrogen generator 1.

  In FIG. 3, only the distributor 9 shows a cross section of the position of the nozzle 13 in order to make the position of the nozzle 13 easy to understand. In the figure, a radial arrow A from the central portion to the peripheral direction represents the direction of ejection of the fuel gas 8 ejected from the nozzle 13, and conversely, an arrow B toward the central direction is indicated by a broken line C in the air ejection hole 14. The direction of the air 11 ejected from the lowermost air ejection hole 16 is shown. Thus, in this invention, it is comprised so that the ejection direction of the fuel gas 8 and the ejection direction of the air 11 may be located on a straight line. Furthermore, in the present invention, the lower air ejection hole 17 is arranged at a position where the air 11 ejected from the lower air ejection hole 17 intersects the arrow A in the ejection direction of the fuel gas 8.

  About the combustion apparatus comprised as mentioned above, the operation | movement and an effect | action are demonstrated below.

  First, in FIG. 4A, when the temperature of the hydrogen generator 1 is controlled by cooling the catalyst layer 3 of the hydrogen generator 1, the air 11 supplied by the blowing means 27 is instructed by the controller 24. The driving device 27 of the received air controller 23 operates the damper 25 to open the outer air passage 22, so that it flows into the outer air chamber 20 and is ejected from the air outflow portion 28 to the outside of the combustion chamber 15. . Further, a part of the air 11 flows into the air chamber 18 through the air passage 21 that is always open, and is ejected from the air ejection hole 14 to the combustion chamber 15.

  At this time, on the combustion chamber 15 side, the fuel gas 8 ejected radially from the distributor 9 collides with the air 11 supplied from the lowermost air ejection holes 17 substantially facing each other. The fuel gas 8 flows in the direction of the opening of the air ejection part 10, but since the shape of the air ejection part 10 is cup-shaped as shown in the figure, the cross-sectional area of the flow path of the fuel gas 8 continuously increases. As a result, the flow velocity of the fuel gas 8 is reduced, and a partial premixed flame 12 is generated and burned at a place where the flow velocity is equal to or less than the combustion speed of the city gas 6. By this combustion, the catalyst layer 3 of the hydrogen generator 1 is heated. The combustion state of the flame 12 is monitored by the flame detection means 35. If there is no abnormality, the combustion is continued.

  Further, the combustion gas 31 is diluted by the air flow ejected from the air outflow portion 28 provided outside the combustion chamber 15, and the combustion gas 31 whose temperature has been lowered flows along the catalyst container 30, so that the catalyst layer 3 rapidly To prevent excessive temperature rise.

  In FIG. 4B, when the hydrogen generator 1 is started up, the hydrogen generator 1 gradually increases in temperature while preventing carbon deposition of the catalyst layer 3 in the hydrogen generator 1. When the temperature of the catalyst layer 3 is reached) or when the off-gas 7 (unreacted hydrogen gas) discharged from the fuel cell is burned, the air 11 supplied by the blowing means 27 is supplied to the controller 24. The drive device 26 of the air controller 23 that has received this instruction operates the damper 25 and closes the outer air passage 22, so that it is ejected from the air outflow portion 28 provided at the end of the outer air chamber 20 to the outside of the combustion chamber 15. The air 11 is stopped. Further, the air 11 flows into the air chamber 18 through the air passage 21 that is always open, and is ejected from the air ejection hole 14 to the combustion chamber 15.

  At this time, on the combustion chamber 15 side, the fuel gas 8 ejected radially from the distributor 9 collides with the air 11 supplied from the lowermost air ejection holes 17 substantially facing each other. At this time, when the hydrogen generator 1 is started, spark discharge is performed by the ignition electrode 32 facing the combustion chamber 15, and the fuel gas 8 is ignited. The fuel gas 8 flows in the direction of the opening of the air ejection part 10, but since the shape of the air ejection part 10 is cup-shaped as shown in the figure, the cross-sectional area of the flow path of the fuel gas 8 continuously increases. As a result, the flow velocity of the fuel gas 8 is reduced, and a partial premixed flame 12 is generated and burned at a place where the flow velocity is equal to or less than the combustion speed of the city gas 6. By this combustion, the catalyst layer 3 of the hydrogen generator 1 is heated.

  Moreover, accelerated air 11 supplied from an air jet hole 16 provided downstream of the lower air chamber 20 or the lowermost air jet hole 16 substantially opposite to the off-gas 7 ejected radially from the distributor 9 collides. Therefore, hydrogen having a high combustion speed in the off-gas 7 can be combusted in this portion, and the flame 12 is generated and combusted. By this combustion, the catalyst layer 3 of the hydrogen generator 1 is heated.

  In addition, the air 11 ejected from the air outflow portion 28 provided outside the combustion chamber 15 is stopped to prevent the temperature of the combustion gas 31 from decreasing, and the surplus air 11 does not decrease the temperature of the hydrogen generator 1. I have to.

  As mentioned above, in this Embodiment, it forms so that the distributor 9 which injects a fuel to the circumference | surroundings, the air injection part 10 which injects the air 11 toward the distributor 9, and the air injection part 10 and the distributor 9 surround. The combustion chamber 15, the air chamber 18 provided on the upstream side of the air ejection portion 10, the outer air chamber 20 provided independently of the air chamber 18, the air outflow portion 28 for letting out the air 11 in the outer air chamber 20, An air controller 23 that controls the air 11 supplied to the outer air chamber 20 is provided, and the air controller 23 performs an operation of cooling the combustion gas 31 with the air 11 supplied to the outer air chamber 20. Only the combustion gas 31 is in an excess air state without causing the flame 12 to be in excess of air, and the catalyst layer 3 of the hydrogen generator 1 is cooled. Since generation of carbon is also prevented, the catalyst layer 3 of the hydrogen generator 1 is not purged with nitrogen, and when heating is continued only by introducing steam, the catalyst layer 3 is caused by a rapid temperature rise while maintaining good combustion. The carbon deposition can be prevented, and the durability of the catalyst layer 3 can be improved.

  In addition, since the nozzle 13 and the lowermost air ejection hole 16 are disposed substantially opposite to each other in order to promote the mixing of the fuel gas 8 and the air 11, in this portion, the hydrogen that is easy to burn and the combustion speed is high Thoroughly mixed, the flame 12 can always obtain a stable flame holding.

  Further, since the air 11 is ejected from the position intersecting from below with respect to the fuel gas 8 ejected from the nozzle 13 through the lower air ejection hole 17, the mixing of the fuel gas 8 and the air 11 can be further improved. . The air 11 not only improves the gas mixing, but also maintains the flame 12 even when the flow rate of the air 11 is relatively excessively supplied with respect to the flow rate of the fuel gas 8, thereby stabilizing the combustion. It has a great effect on conversion.

  Further, since the mounting of the ignition electrode 32 is simplified, the manufacturing cost can be reduced.

  Further, since the electrode 32 and the distributor 9 are integrated, the magnitude and position of the spark discharge can be set with high accuracy, and the fuel gas 8 can be ignited with certainty.

  Further, even if the amount of combustion of the city gas 6 (or LPG) changes, the flame 12 can be housed in the combustion chamber 15 formed by the tapered air ejection part 10 and the combustion can be continued stably.

(Embodiment 2)
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a combustion apparatus according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention. In FIG. 1, the air controller 23 supplies the air 11 to the outer air chamber 20 when the hydrogen generator 1 that generates the reformed gas containing hydrogen by the reforming reaction of the hydrocarbon-based raw material, and the air outflow It is configured to perform an operation that flows out from the section 28.

  About the combustion apparatus comprised as mentioned above, the operation | movement and an effect | action are demonstrated below.

  First, the combustion gas 31 is diluted by the air 11 ejected from the air outflow portion 28 provided outside the combustion chamber 15, and the combustion gas 31 whose temperature has decreased flows along the catalyst container 30, causing the catalyst layer 3 to suddenly flow. To prevent excessive temperature rise. Thereby, the heating rate is controlled while maintaining the optimum temperature when the hydrogen generator 1 is started.

  As described above, in the present embodiment, the temperature of the hydrogen generator 1 is controlled by the air 11 of the air outflow portion 28, so that the steam reforming catalyst layer 3 of the hydrogen generator 1 is removed from the carbon deposition. Can be protected.

(Embodiment 3)
FIG. 5 is a partial cross-sectional view showing a combustion apparatus according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention. In FIG. 5, the air controller 23 is configured to perform an operation of stopping the air 11 supplied to the outer air chamber 20 when the hydrogen generator 1 reaches a predetermined temperature.

  About the combustion apparatus comprised as mentioned above, the operation | movement and an effect | action are demonstrated below.

  First, when the hydrogen generator 1 reaches a predetermined temperature (the temperature of the catalyst layer 3 after gradually increasing the temperature while preventing the carbon deposition of the catalyst layer 3 in the hydrogen generator 1), the combustion chamber The air 11 ejected from the air outflow portion 28 provided outside 15 is stopped to prevent the temperature of the combustion gas 31 from decreasing, and the surplus air 11 prevents the temperature of the hydrogen generator 1 from decreasing.

  As described above, in the present embodiment, the cooling of the combustion gas 31 is stopped, the inflow of excess air 11 is stopped, the heat loss due to the cooling of the hydrogen generator 1 is prevented, and the fuel gas 8 The reforming efficiency of the hydrogen generator 1 can be improved.

(Embodiment 4)
FIG. 5 is a partial cross-sectional view showing a combustion apparatus in Embodiment 4 of the present invention. In FIG. 5, the air controller 23 is configured to perform an operation of stopping the air 11 supplied to the outer air chamber 20 when the off gas 7 discharged from the fuel cell is burned.

  About the combustion apparatus comprised as mentioned above, the operation | movement and an effect | action are demonstrated below.

  First, the air 11 ejected from the air outflow portion 28 provided outside the combustion chamber 15 is stopped to prevent the temperature of the combustion gas 31 from decreasing, and the surplus air 11 does not decrease the temperature of the hydrogen generator 1. I have to.

  As described above, in the present embodiment, the cooling of the combustion gas 31 is stopped, so that excess air is not supplied to the combustion gas 31, and the heat dissipation loss due to the cooling of the hydrogen generator 1 during the combustion of the offgas 7 is reduced. Therefore, the combustion of the off gas 7 can be set to the air shortage side in a range with good characteristics, the amount of the air 11 can be reduced, and the efficiency of the hydrogen generator 1 can be improved.

(Embodiment 5)
FIG. 6 is a partial cross-sectional view showing a combustion apparatus according to Embodiment 5 of the present invention. In FIG. 6, the air controller 23 is provided with a plurality of through holes 39 in the damper 25 of the air controller 23 to close the damper 25 in order to introduce the air 11 for preventing the backflow into the outer air chamber 20. Even so, the air 11 is configured to flow into the outer air chamber 20.

  About the combustion apparatus comprised as mentioned above, the operation | movement and an effect | action are demonstrated below.

  First, even if the damper 25 of the air controller 23 is closed, a small amount of air 11 (an amount that does not greatly reduce the temperature of the catalyst layer 3 of the hydrogen generator 1) flows into the outer air chamber 20 from the through hole 39, The air flows out from the air outflow portion 28 at all times, and the high-temperature combustion gas 31 is prevented from flowing back into the outer air chamber 20 even when a large amount of air 11 is not flowing out.

  As described above, in the present embodiment, the high-temperature combustion gas 31 does not flow backward to the outer air chamber 20, thereby preventing damage to the outer air chamber 20 and other structures due to heat. .

  Moreover, since the backflow of the combustion gas 31 to the outer air chamber 20 is prevented, deterioration of combustion characteristics due to the entrainment of the flame 12 can be prevented.

  It is also possible to prevent the backflow of the combustion gas 31 by supplying the air 11 to the outer air chamber 20 by not providing the through holes 39 in the damper 25 but providing a gap without completely closing the damper 25. Is possible.

(Embodiment 6)
FIG. 7 is a partial cross-sectional view showing a combustion apparatus according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention. In FIG. 6, the air controller 23 is configured to perform an operation of introducing the air 11 into the outer air chamber 20 when the combustion apparatus is stopped.

  About the combustion apparatus comprised as mentioned above, the operation | movement and an effect | action are demonstrated below.

  First, when the combustion apparatus 5 is stopped, the air controller 23 supplies the air 11 to the outer air chamber 20 and flows out from the air outflow hole 28, and also supplies the air 11 to the air chamber 18 to supply the air ejection unit 10. The air 11 is caused to flow into the combustion chamber 15 from the entire air ejection hole 14 so that a large amount of air 11 cools the catalyst layer 3 of the hydrogen generator 1.

  In addition, the blower 27 increases the amount of air blown by the air 11 and promotes cooling of the combustion device 5 and the hydrogen generator 1.

  As described above, in the present embodiment, by cooling the catalyst layer 3 of the hydrogen generator 1 with a large amount of air 11, the temperature of the hydrogen generator 1 can be lowered in a short time to ensure safety. it can.

(Embodiment 7)
FIG. 2 is a partial cross-sectional view showing a combustion apparatus according to Embodiment 7 of the present invention. In FIG. 2, the air outflow portion 28 is provided outside the combustion chamber 15 at the end of the outer air chamber 20.

  About the combustion apparatus comprised as mentioned above, the operation | movement and an effect | action are demonstrated below.

  First, the air 11 supplied to the outer air chamber 20 flows out from an air outflow portion 28 provided outside the combustion chamber 15, and this air 11 is not directly supplied to the flame 12 formed in the combustion chamber 15. The combustion on the downstream side of the flame 12 is supplied to the completed combustion gas 31, and the catalyst layer 3 of the hydrogen generator 1 is cooled by making the combustion gas 31 in an excess air state without disturbing the flame holding of the flame 12. .

  As described above, in the present embodiment, by preventing the excess air 11 flowing into the combustion chamber 15 side, the flame holding disturbance of the flame 12 and the generation of carbon monoxide due to cooling are prevented. The catalyst layer 3 of the hydrogen generator 1 can be cooled while maintaining combustion.

(Embodiment 8)
FIG. 2 is a partial cross-sectional view of the combustion apparatus in the eighth embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 8 is a structural diagram showing a combustion apparatus according to Embodiment 8 of the present invention. 2 and 8, the air outflow part 23 is configured to be arranged with a plurality of through holes at the end of the outer air chamber 20 toward the outside of the combustion chamber 15.

  About the combustion apparatus comprised as mentioned above, the operation | movement and an effect | action are demonstrated below.

  First, the air 11 supplied to the outer air chamber 20 is homogenized and dispersed from the air outflow portion 28 composed of a plurality of through holes, and is ejected from the outside of the combustion chamber 15 to above the combustion chamber 15. The flow starts to flow along one catalyst layer 3 of the hydrogen generator, and the cooling of the catalyst layer 3 is accelerated.

  In addition, the air 11 forms a plurality of flows, thereby promoting the mixing of the air 11 and the combustion gas 31 when flowing along the combustion gas 31.

  As described above, in the present embodiment, the air outflow portion 28 forms a uniform flow of the plurality of airs 11 so that the uniform air 11 is aligned with the catalyst layer 3 of the hydrogen generator 1. Thus, the temperature of the catalyst layer 3 can be controlled with high accuracy, and the mixing of the air 11 and the combustion gas 31 can be promoted to form the combustion gas 31 having a uniform temperature.

(Embodiment 9)
FIG. 1 is an overall configuration diagram of a hydrogen generator 1 according to Embodiment 9 of the present invention.

  In FIG. 1, the air outflow portion 28 is configured to be arranged inside a combustion cylinder 29 provided above the combustion chamber 15.

  About the combustion apparatus comprised as mentioned above, the operation | movement and an effect | action are demonstrated below.

  First, the air 11 flows along the inner wall of the combustion cylinder 29 and is discharged from the opened portion of the upper part so that the flow of the combustion gas 31 is not disturbed. 31 are mixed.

  Further, the catalyst layer 3 of the hydrogen generator 1 is cooled over a long distance.

  As described above, in the present embodiment, by disposing the air outflow portion 28 inside the combustion cylinder 29, the flow of the combustion gas 31 is not disturbed and deterioration of the characteristics of the combustion gas 31 is prevented. Since the catalyst layer 3 of the hydrogen generator 1 is uniformly cooled over a long distance, the cooling effect is improved.

  As described above, the combustion apparatus according to the present invention generates hydrogen for off-gas containing a large amount of city gas (or LPG), which is a hydrocarbon fuel such as natural gas, and hydrogen discharged from the fuel cell. It is possible to improve the durability of the reforming catalyst layer by preventing carbon deposition of the reforming catalyst layer during the heating of the vessel, and thus the reformed gas containing hydrogen by the reforming reaction of the hydrocarbon-based raw material It can also be applied to uses such as fuel cells that generate electricity to generate electricity.

Sectional drawing which shows the whole structure of the hydrogen generator in Embodiment 1,2,9 of this invention Partial sectional view of the combustion apparatus in Embodiments 1, 7, and 8 of the present invention The top view which shows the structure of the combustion apparatus in Embodiment 1 of this invention (A) Sectional drawing which shows operation | movement at the time of damper opening of the combustion apparatus in Embodiment 1 of this invention (b) Sectional drawing which shows operation | movement at the time of the damper closing of the combustion apparatus Partial sectional view of the combustion apparatus in Embodiments 3 and 4 of the present invention Partial sectional view of a combustion apparatus in Embodiment 5 of the present invention Sectional drawing which shows the whole structure of the hydrogen generator in Embodiment 6 of this invention The top view which shows the structure of the combustion apparatus in Embodiment 8 of this invention

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 9 Distributor 10 Air ejection part 11 Air 15 Combustion chamber 18 Air chamber 20 Outer air chamber 24 Air controller 28 Air outflow part 29 Combustion cylinder 31 Combustion gas

Claims (9)

Distributor for jetting fuel to the surroundings, an air jet part for jetting air toward the distributor, a combustion chamber formed to surround the air jet part and the distributor, and provided upstream of the air jet part An air chamber, an outer air chamber provided independently of the air chamber, an air outflow portion for flowing out air from the outer air chamber, and an air controller for controlling the amount of air supplied to the outer air chamber. And the air controller controls the combustion gas to be cooled by the air supplied to the outer air chamber. A hydrogen generator for generating a reformed gas containing hydrogen by a reforming reaction of a hydrocarbon-based raw material, and the air controller supplies air to an outer air chamber when the hydrogen generator is heated; The combustion apparatus of Claim 1 which controls the heating rate of the said hydrogen generator with the air which flows out out of. The combustion apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the air controller stops air supplied to the outer air chamber when the hydrogen generator reaches a predetermined temperature. The combustion apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the air controller stops air supplied to the outer air chamber when the off-gas discharged from the fuel cell is burned. The combustion apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the air controller supplies air to the outer air chamber to prevent backflow. The combustion apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the air controller supplies air to the outer air chamber when the combustion apparatus is stopped. The combustion apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the air outflow portion is provided outside the combustion chamber. The combustion apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the air outflow portion has a plurality of through holes. The combustion apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein a combustion cylinder is provided above the combustion chamber, and an air outflow portion is disposed inside the combustion cylinder.

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