JP2006283500A - Formation method of ballast hardening layer - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a formation method of a ballast hardening layer surely filling gaps of ballast within a predetermined range with a grout for hardening a ballast layer in a ballasted track. <P>SOLUTION: A first grout is made to flow down to the gaps from the surface of the ballast layer 2a along the line dividing an injection area in a plane to form a weir 21 by the hardened grout in the ballast layer. The first grout setting a time to rapidly decrease fluidity and adjusting viscosity is applicable so that flowing down to below and flowing to the side are controlled within a certain extent. A second grout having the longer time until fluidity loses in comparison with the first grout is supplied to each of the areas divided by the weir, and it is infiltrated into the gaps in the ballast layer and is hardened. At this time, the second grout has high fluidity, although the surface 22 becomes horizontal, the height of the surface of the grout filling each extent divided by the weir is set. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a method for stabilizing a ballast ballast in a bedded track, and more particularly to a method for forming a solidified ballast layer by filling a gap in the ballast layer with a curable injection material. is there.

  Railroad track (ballast track) has been used for a long time because of its economic efficiency and ease of wiring change. Although slab tracks have been developed in recent years, they are still widely used on existing service lines. Has been. Since the roadbed track absorbs the impact of train operation by the deformation of the ballast ballast, track failure occurs due to subsidence, and maintenance work is always indispensable. For this reason, several stabilization methods for roadbed ballast have been proposed for the purpose of labor saving. Among them, the method of filling the space between the ballast ballast with heated asphalt or rapid hardening mortar and solidifying it can be applied to the tracks already used and is often employed.

  In addition, a method for efficiently filling an injection material into a gap in a ballast layer has been proposed. For example, in the invention described in Patent Document 1, a non-woven fabric or the like is laid almost horizontally in a road bed ballast to fill the injection material. The range to be controlled is controlled, and the thickness of the solidified layer formed by filling is limited. In addition, a nonwoven fabric is used in which a part of the injection material penetrates, and the filling range of the injection material and the ballast in the range adjacent thereto are integrated.

Patent Document 2 describes a technique in which a sleeper is provided with a through hole in the vertical direction, and an injection material is injected from the through hole into a ballast layer below the sleeper. As a result, the ballast layer below the sleepers on which the train load acts most efficiently reinforces.
Japanese Examined Patent Publication No. 63-5201 JP 2002-242104 A

However, as described above, in the method of filling the injection material having high fluidity in the gap between the ballast layers at the time of filling, there is a problem that the following solution is desired.
The injection material is desirably filled without leaving a gap in the ballast layer, and a material having high fluidity is generally used. For this reason, the injection material tends to flow in the horizontal direction in the ballast layer. However, as shown in FIG. 10, the curved portion of the track has a transverse gradient (cant), and the sleepers 101 are inclined and the surface of the ballast layer 102 is also inclined. For this reason, when the injection material is filled in the ballast layer 102, the injection material flows and the injection material 103 accumulates only on the inner side of the curve, that is, the lower part of the ballast layer whose surface is inclined. It becomes difficult to fill the injection material up to the vicinity of the surface of the ballast layer.

  For such inconvenience, a method of burying a plate material or a sheet-like member in the vertical direction in the ballast layer and blocking the flow of the injection material is conceivable, but during the work of depositing the ballast so as to fill the periphery of the sleeper Embedding the plate material or sheet-like member as described above significantly impairs work efficiency. In addition, a large number of sleepers are arranged in the direction of the track, and in order to continuously arrange the plate or sheet-like members in the direction of the track, the plate is made so as not to cause a gap in accordance with the arranged sleepers. It is necessary to adjust the shape of the sheet-like member and the work requires a lot of labor.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a method for forming a ballast solidified layer that can reliably fill an injection material for solidifying the ballast layer within a predetermined range. Is to provide.

  In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, the invention according to claim 1 is a method for forming a solidified layer of ballast by filling a ballast layer in a bedded track with a curable injection material, and ballasting to a predetermined depth. The fluidity is such that it can flow through the gaps in the layers, and the time and viscosity for sharply decreasing the fluidity are adjusted so that the flow to the side is suppressed after the downward flow is restricted. The first injection material is allowed to flow from the surface of the ballast layer into the gap along a line that divides the injection region in a plane, thereby forming a weir with the cured injection material in the ballast layer. A ballast for supplying to each of the regions divided by the weir a second injection material whose time until the fluidity is lost is longer than that of the first injection material, and for allowing the second injection material to penetrate into the gap in the ballast layer and harden it. Provide a method for forming a solidified layer .

  In this method, when the first injection material supplied to the ballast layer is caused to flow down from the surface, it naturally flows downward along the gap in the ballast layer and reaches a predetermined depth. And since this 1st injection material has adjusted the time which loses viscosity and fluidity, after the downward flow is restricted by the member etc. which control the bottom of a ballast layer or the filling range of an injection material, etc. , Fluidity sharply drops before it flows to the side. For this reason, the first injection material stays at the position, and the first injection material flowing down later is deposited so as to overlap the upper portion of the preceding injection material. In this way, the first injection material is cured while being deposited in a predetermined range in the ballast layer, and a weir is formed in the ballast layer along a line dividing the injection region in a plane.

  Thereafter, in each divided range, the second injection material is supplied into the ballast layer, and is filled in the gap by its fluidity. At this time, the surface of the second injection material becomes almost horizontal due to good fluidity, but the injection range is divided by the weir formed of the first injection material, and each of the divided parts is divided. The position of the surface of the second injection material can be set within the range. Therefore, even when the surface of the ballast layer is inclined, it is possible to fill the second injection material in the respective ranges up to the vicinity of the surface.

  The weir formed by the first injecting material is not limited to the case where the surface of the ballast layer is inclined by the gradient in the direction crossing the track, and may be the case where the surface is inclined by the longitudinal gradient. . Even when the surface of the ballast layer is not inclined, the weir may be formed by flowing down the first injection material at the boundary portion when the injection range is limited.

  The invention according to claim 2 is the solidified layer forming method according to claim 1, wherein the weir is provided along the direction of the track at a curved portion of the track.

  In this method, even if the surface of the ballast layer is inclined at the curved part of the track and the surface is high outside the curve, the gap in the ballast layer is divided in each range divided by the weirs provided in the direction of the track. The second injection material can be filled therein. Therefore, the second injection material can be filled up to a high position near the surface of the ballast layer outside the curve. Further, although the surface of the ballast layer is at a low position inside the curve, the injection material is filled to an appropriate height near the surface, and the injection material does not overflow on the ballast layer.

  The invention according to claim 3 is the method for forming a ballast solidified layer according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a range in which the ballast is solidified is substantially parallel to a bottom surface of the sleepers arranged on the ballast. The sheet member is inserted at a predetermined depth in the ballast layer and bent upward to the surface of the ballast layer at the side edge.

In this method, by placing a sheet-like member in advance at a predetermined depth, the injection material is restricted from flowing down below the sheet-like member, and the injection material is filled in a limited range above this. . Therefore, it is possible to efficiently form the ballast solidified layer only in a range where the load on the lower side of the sleepers is greatly affected.
In addition, the sheet-like member may be one in which the second injection material permeates to some extent and penetrates the lower layer, and a part of the ballast on the lower side of the sheet-like member and the sheet-like member with this infiltrated injection material The upper ballast may be combined.
In addition, as said sheet-like member, a nonwoven fabric, a woven fabric, etc. can be used, It is desirable to use what was formed with synthetic fibers, such as polyester, a polypropylene, and nylon.

  The invention according to claim 4 is the ballast solidified layer forming method according to claim 1, claim 2 or claim 3, wherein the first injection material and the second injection material are the same including at least cement. The material is mixed, and the first injection material is further mixed with a curing rate adjusting material mainly composed of water glass to adjust the rapid decrease in fluidity.

In this method, the first injection material contains cement, and by adding water glass to this, calcium ions in the cement and water glass (sodium silicate) react to form silicate and silicate ions. Gels rapidly upon polymerization. As a result, the fluidity of the first injection material is lost, and the first injection material is deposited without largely flowing in the lateral direction in the ballast layer, and a weir is formed in the ballast layer. Further, in this method, since the material constituting the first injection material forming the weir and the material constituting the second injection material to be filled later are almost common, the material can be divided and filled. After both are cured, they become one, and their mechanical properties are also close. Therefore, a uniform solidified layer can be obtained.
In the above configuration, the cement includes special cements such as blast furnace cement, silica cement, and alumina cement in addition to por and land cement.

  The invention according to claim 5 is the ballast solidified layer forming method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the first injecting material contains at least cement, a quick-setting admixture, and water. The water glass supplies 0.5 to 1.0% by weight as a solution with respect to the total weight of the cement and the quick-setting admixture.

By setting the addition amount of water glass to 0.5 to 1.0% by weight with respect to the weight of the cement and the quick-setting admixture, the gelation time can be made within about 3 minutes. Thereby, when it flows down in a ballast layer, the flow to a horizontal direction is suppressed and a weir is appropriately formed in a ballast layer.
In addition, it is desirable that the first injection material and the second injection material are both formed by mixing two liquids immediately before filling. The injection material often requires early strength development, and uses a quick-setting admixture that promotes hardening of the cement. After mixing the quick-setting admixture and the cement, it is necessary to fill it quickly. . For this reason, it is preferable to mix the cement and the quick-setting admixture with water in a separated state, and to mix these two liquids immediately before filling.

  The invention according to claim 6 is the ballast solidified layer forming method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the injection material is cement, asphalt emulsion, polymer, fine aggregate, It contains a quick-setting admixture and water, and the fluidity is adjusted by adjusting the amount of water.

The injection material can be filled at normal temperature, has good filling properties and workability, and can be reliably filled into the gaps in the ballast layer. Moreover, sufficient intensity | strength and rigidity can be acquired by hardening of cement, and it can suppress that the hardening | curing material hardened | cured by containing asphalt cracks.
Moreover, the fluidity | liquidity at the time of filling can be appropriately adjusted with the quantity of the water to add, and the flow to the horizontal direction when it flows down in a ballast layer can be adjusted with a 1st injection material. Moreover, in the 2nd injection material, appropriate fluidity | liquidity can be obtained so that it may be reliably filled in the gap | interval in a ballast layer.

  As described above, in the method for forming a ballast solidified layer according to the present invention, the weir can be easily formed in the ballast layer by the first injection material in which the viscosity and the time to lose the fluidity are adjusted. . And the 2nd injection material with high fluidity can set the height of the surface of the supplied injection material for every divided range by pouring into the range divided by the above-mentioned weir. Even in the region where the surface is inclined, the injection material can be appropriately filled up to the vicinity of the surface of the ballast layer. Therefore, it is possible to easily obtain a ballast layer in which a predetermined range is appropriately solidified by the injection material.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a schematic sectional view showing an example of a bedded track formed by the method according to the present invention.
In this roadbed track, ballast is spread on a compacted roadbed 1 to form a ballast layer 2 and raised to a predetermined height, and sleepers 3 are arranged. A rail 4 is fastened on the sleeper 3 to form a track. As shown in FIG. 1, the trajectory has a gradient (cant) in a direction crossing the trajectory, and the height for raising the ballast layer 2 is high on the outside and low on the inside. . The sleepers 3 are inclined according to this gradient.

  A non-woven fabric 5 is embedded at a predetermined depth in the ballast layer 2 so as to be substantially parallel to the bottom surface of the sleeper 3, and is bent upward on both sides of the track, that is, on the side of the end surface of the sleeper 3. And arranged so as to continue to the surface of the ballast layer 2. The ballast layer 2a above the nonwoven fabric 5 is solidified by filling the gap with an injection material. The train load acting on the rail 4 acts on the ballast layer 2 through the sleeper 3, but the portion in contact with the lower surface of the sleeper 3 and its peripheral portion are solidified by the injecting material as described above, and due to the load in the vertical direction. The movement of the ballast to the side is restricted. Therefore, the rail 4 is prevented from sinking due to the movement of the ballast, and the track can be labor-saving in maintenance.

Next, a method for forming the above-mentioned roadbed track, particularly a method for filling the ballast layer 2a with an injection material to form a solidified layer will be described.
A ballast is spread to a predetermined height on the compacted roadbed 1, and a nonwoven fabric 5 is laid thereon. Further, the ballast is spread on the nonwoven fabric 5 and the sleepers 3 are arranged, and the ballast is also deposited on these peripheral portions. The side edge part of the said nonwoven fabric 5 shall be bent upwards and shall continue to the surface of a ballast layer, and the range filled with an injection material is limited. Rails are fastened to the sleepers 3 by a fixing device to form railroad tracks. Then, an injection material is poured into the ballast layer on the upper side of the nonwoven fabric 5, and the gap is filled with the injection material.
In addition, when applying this invention to the existing track | orbit, the periphery of the sleeper already arrange | positioned and the ballast of the lower side are excluded once. Thereafter, the ballast is spread and the nonwoven fabric is laid in the same manner as described above to fill the injection material.

The filling of the injection material is performed as follows.
First, a dividing line along the direction of the trajectory is set to divide the filling range in the transverse direction into a plurality of parts. The position of the dividing line is the injection material at any position within the divided range when the surface of the filled injection material becomes horizontal with respect to the surface of the ballast layer 2a having a gradient in the transverse direction. The height of the surface of the ballast layer and the height of the surface of the ballast layer are set within an allowable range. In addition to the dividing line in the orbital direction, the dividing line may be set in the transverse direction of the orbit and provided so as to partition the filling range of the injection material.

Along the dividing line, as shown in FIG. 2, the first injection material is poured from above the ballast layer 2a through the nozzle 6 to flow down in the gap of the ballast.
The first injection material is a rapid hardening cement asphalt mortar containing a polymer, that is, a mixture of ordinary Portland cement, asphalt emulsion, polymer, quick hardening admixture, fine aggregate and water. Etc. can be appropriately added and used.
As shown in FIG. 3, the mixing of the first injection material is performed by mixing the liquid A and the liquid B with the mixers 11 and 12 and mixing them immediately before filling. That is, the A liquid and the B liquid mixed in the mixers 11 and 12 are respectively pumped by the pumps 13 and 14 through the transfer pipes 15 and 16, and the A and B liquids are mixed at a predetermined ratio in the flow rate control device 17. Mix. Then, the mixture is agitated and mixed into the ballast layer when passing through the tip mixer 18.
An example of the composition of each liquid to be mixed by the mixers 11 and 12 is as shown in Tables 1 and 2.

さらに、第１の注入材には、先端ミキサ１８において、水ガラス（珪酸ソーダ）の水溶液が供給される。水ガラスは、セメント中のカルシウムイオンと反応してケイ酸塩の形成及びケイ酸イオンの重合によって急速にゲル化し、流動性を失う。ゲル化時間と水ガラスの添加量との関係は図４に示すとおりであり、ポルトランドセメントと急硬性混和剤との合計量に対して０．５重量％以上添加することにより、注入材の流動性を短時間で急減することができる。特に水ガラスを０．９〜１．０重量％を添加することにより、ゲル化時間を約１分以内とすることができる。

Further, an aqueous solution of water glass (sodium silicate) is supplied to the first injection material at the tip mixer 18. Water glass reacts with calcium ions in cement and rapidly gels due to the formation of silicate and polymerization of silicate ions and loses fluidity. The relationship between the gelation time and the amount of water glass added is as shown in FIG. Sex can be reduced rapidly in a short time. In particular, by adding 0.9 to 1.0% by weight of water glass, the gelation time can be made within about 1 minute.

  The 1st injection material which mixed A liquid and B liquid as mentioned above, and also added water glass is discharged from a nozzle, and is made to flow down from the upper direction along the dividing line set to the ballast layer 2a. The 1st injection material supplied to the ballast layer 2a flows down in the gap | interval in the ballast layer 2a, and reaches the nonwoven fabric 5 inserted by predetermined depth. Thereby, the flow downward from the nonwoven fabric 5 is restricted, and the water glass is gelled before flowing largely to the side, and loses fluidity. Then, the injecting material further flowing down reaches the gelled injecting material and gels in the same manner, loses fluidity and accumulates. As a result, the first injection material flowing down along the dividing line accumulates in a mountain shape in the ballast layer as shown in FIG. 5, and forms a weir 21 whose top reaches the surface of the ballast layer 2a.

When the weir 21 is formed in the ballast layer by the first injecting material as described above, the second injecting material is poured into each region divided by the weir and filled in the gap.
The second injection material is the same as the first injection material, but water glass is not added. The mixing by the mixers 11 and 12, the pumping by the pumps 13 and 14, the mixing of the two liquids, etc. are performed in the same manner as the first injection material.

  The second injecting material supplied into the ballast layer does not lose fluidity as rapidly as the first injecting material, but flows through the gap in the ballast layer 2a and is filled in the gap. As shown in FIG. 6, the surface 22 of the liquid injection material is substantially horizontal. Since each of the divided areas is divided by the weirs 21, the height of the liquid level can be changed. When the surface of the ballast layer 2a is inclined, the surface of the ballast layer is at a high position. The liquid level can be set high in a certain region, and the liquid level can be set low in a low region. Therefore, it becomes possible to almost completely fill the injection material into the gap in the ballast layer.

  Since both the first injection material and the second injection material filled in the gaps in the ballast layer contain Portland cement and a quick-setting admixture, curing starts in a short time and strength is developed. In addition, asphalt emulsions also harden due to the progress of the decomposition reaction and develop strength. Therefore, when it is used for an in-service orbit, the service can be resumed in the morning after being injected at night.

  In addition, the first injection material and the second injection material have almost the same composition except for the presence or absence of addition of water glass, so that a uniform solidified layer is formed integrally when cured in close contact. To do. For this reason, the ballast solidified layer formed by filling the injection material can be a uniform layer even if the one-side weir is formed and filled as described above.

  In addition, in the said embodiment, when forming the weir 21 in the direction of a track | orbit, a 1st injection material is poured so that it may closely_contact | adhere to the lower side and side part of the sleeper 3 in which many were arranged, and a 2nd injection material However, it is necessary to form a weir so as not to leak from the underside of the sleepers 3. That is, since the flow of the first injection material is suppressed in the lateral direction, it is difficult to fill the first injection material on the lower side of the sleeper, and the lower side of the sleeper 3 as shown in FIG. A portion 23 that is not filled with the first injection material is likely to occur. On the other hand, by appropriately adjusting the fluidity of the first injection material, the time to cure, etc., it is possible to prevent the occurrence of unfilled parts as described above. In order to appropriately prevent the occurrence of a portion that has not been performed, the following measures can be adopted.

  As a first countermeasure, a vertical through-hole 3a is provided at a dividing line-like position of the sleeper 3 as shown in FIG. 8, and the first injection material is poured from the through-hole 3a and below the sleeper 3. It is conceivable to form the weir 21 on the side. Further, when the sleeper 3 cannot be provided with the above-described through-holes in the modification of the existing track, as shown in FIG. 9, the injection pipe 24 reaching the lower side from the side of the sleeper 3 is embedded. It is conceivable to press-fit the first injection material into the lower side of the sleepers 3 through the injection tube 24. The injection tube is pulled out after filling with the injection material. By such measures, a complete weir can be formed around the sleepers 3.

It is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a bedded track formed by the method according to the present invention. FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing a state in which the injection material is supplied to the ballast layer along the set dividing line in the process of forming the bedded track shown in FIG. 1. It is a conceptual diagram which shows the mixing process of an injection material. It is a figure which shows the relationship between the gelatinization time of the injection material with which water glass was added, and water glass addition amount, and the relationship between the compressive strength of injection material, and water glass addition amount. FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing a state in which a weir is formed in a ballast layer by a first injection material in the step of forming the bedded track shown in FIG. 1. FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating a step of forming a bedded track shown in FIG. 1 and a state in which a second injection material is filled in a ballast layer. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a bedded track, and is a figure which shows the problem which is easy to arise when a weir is formed in a ballast layer with the 1st injection material. It is a schematic sectional drawing which shows the means to solve the problem shown in FIG. It is a schematic sectional drawing which shows the other means to solve the problem shown in FIG. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a bedded track in which a ballast layer is filled with an injection material, and illustrates a problem to be solved by the present invention.

Explanation of symbols

1: roadbed, 2: ballast layer, 3: sleepers, 4: rail, 5: non-woven fabric, 6: nozzle,
11, 12: Mixer, 13, 14: Pressure feed pump, 15, 16: Transport pipe, 17: Flow control device, 18: Advanced mixer,
21: Weir, 22: Surface of the injection material filled in the ballast layer, 23: Part not filled with the first injection material, 24: Injection tube

Claims (6)

A method of filling a ballast layer in a bedded track with a curable injection material to form a solidified layer of ballast,
Adjustable time and viscosity so that fluidity can flow down the gap in the ballast layer to a predetermined depth and flow is suppressed to the side after the downward flow is restricted. Using the first injected material,
Flowing the first injecting material from the surface of the ballast layer into the gap along a line dividing the injecting region in a plane, forming a weir with the injecting material hardened in the ballast layer;
Supplying each of the regions divided by the weir with a second injection material whose time until loss of fluidity is longer than that of the first injection material, and allowing the second injection material to penetrate into the gaps in the ballast layer and cure. A method for forming a solidified ballast layer.   2. The ballast solidified layer forming method according to claim 1, wherein the weir is provided along a direction of the track at a curved portion of the track.   The range for solidifying the ballast is inserted at a predetermined depth in the ballast layer so as to be substantially parallel to the bottom surface of the sleepers arranged on the ballast, and is bent up to the surface of the ballast layer at the side edge. 3. The method for forming a ballast solidified layer according to claim 1, wherein the ballast solidified layer is located above the sheet-like member.   The first injection material and the second injection material are a mixture of at least the same material including cement, and the first injection material is further mixed with a hardening rate adjusting material mainly composed of water glass. 4. The method for forming a ballast solidified layer according to claim 1, wherein the rapid decrease time of fluidity is adjusted. The first injection material includes at least cement, a quick-setting admixture, and water;
The said water glass supplies 0.5 to 1.0 weight% as a solution with respect to the total weight of the said cement and a rapid-hardening admixture, The any one of Claim 1 to 4 characterized by the above-mentioned. The method of forming the ballast solidified layer as described. The injecting material contains cement, asphalt emulsion, polymer, fine aggregate, quick-setting admixture, and water, and the fluidity is adjusted by adjusting the amount of water. The method for forming a solidified ballast layer according to any one of claims 1 to 5.

Images