JP2006272467A - Method and device for in-process dressing - Google Patents

Method and device for in-process dressing Download PDF

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Publication number
JP2006272467A
JP2006272467A JP2005090849A JP2005090849A JP2006272467A JP 2006272467 A JP2006272467 A JP 2006272467A JP 2005090849 A JP2005090849 A JP 2005090849A JP 2005090849 A JP2005090849 A JP 2005090849A JP 2006272467 A JP2006272467 A JP 2006272467A
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Prior art keywords
grinding
workpiece
grinding wheel
dresser
dressing
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Yasushi Yoshino
靖 吉野
Masanori Omiya
正則 大宮
Masahito Takeda
雅人 武田
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Micron Machinery Co Ltd
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Micron Machinery Co Ltd
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Priority to JP2005090849A priority Critical patent/JP2006272467A/en
Priority to DE200510036382 priority patent/DE102005036382A1/en
Publication of JP2006272467A publication Critical patent/JP2006272467A/en
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24BMACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B53/00Devices or means for dressing or conditioning abrasive surfaces
    • B24B53/04Devices or means for dressing or conditioning abrasive surfaces of cylindrical or conical surfaces on abrasive tools or wheels
    • B24B53/053Devices or means for dressing or conditioning abrasive surfaces of cylindrical or conical surfaces on abrasive tools or wheels using a rotary dressing tool
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24BMACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B5/00Machines or devices designed for grinding surfaces of revolution on work, including those which also grind adjacent plane surfaces; Accessories therefor
    • B24B5/18Machines or devices designed for grinding surfaces of revolution on work, including those which also grind adjacent plane surfaces; Accessories therefor involving centreless means for supporting, guiding, floating or rotating work

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Grinding-Machine Dressing And Accessory Apparatuses (AREA)
  • Grinding Of Cylindrical And Plane Surfaces (AREA)

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To grind and finish a minute profile (for example, ultra-precise grooves 1a, 1b, and 1c) of a workpiece 1 with ultra-precision of sub-micrometer class by improving a grinding technique using a grinding wheel. <P>SOLUTION: Precise ring protrusions 4a, 4b, and 4c are simultaneously dressed with shaping grooves 5a, 5b, and 5c of a dresser 5 while grinding the ultra-precise grooves 1a, 1b, and 1c of the workpiece by the precise ring protrusions 4a, 4b, and 4c of the grinding wheel 4 with ultra-precision. By this way, the workpiece 1 can be always ground by the grinding wheel 4 in a state immediately after being dressed (with accurate geometry and excellent sharpness). <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

本発明は、回転体形状のワークを精密に研削加工する技術に係り、特に、該ワークのプロファイル形状の特定箇所を超精密(サブミクロンオーダー)に研削仕上げするためのドレッシング方法および同装置に関するものである。   The present invention relates to a technique for precisely grinding a workpiece having a rotating body shape, and particularly to a dressing method and apparatus for grinding a specific portion of a profile shape of the workpiece to an ultra-precision (submicron order). It is.

図4(A)は、本発明の適用対象であるワークの1例を示す。
本発明は、回転体形状の部材を精密に研削仕上げする技術であって、特に、そのプロファイルの1部に超高精度の凹凸を削成する場合に適用される。
この例のワーク1はz−zを中心線とする回転体であって、円柱面(t,t′)とフランジ1dとを有し、該円柱面にリング溝(1a〜1c)が設けられている。
この例では、上記のリング溝(1a〜1c)と、フランジ1d根本のコーナー(1e)のプロファイルをサブミクロンの超高精度で仕上げなければならない。
FIG. 4A shows an example of a workpiece to which the present invention is applied.
The present invention is a technique for precisely grinding and finishing a member having a rotating body shape, and is particularly applied to the case where an extremely high-precision unevenness is formed in a part of the profile.
The workpiece 1 in this example is a rotating body having a center line zz, and has a cylindrical surface (t, t ′) and a flange 1d, and ring grooves (1a to 1c) are provided on the cylindrical surface. ing.
In this example, the profile of the ring groove (1a to 1c) and the corner (1e) of the flange 1d must be finished with submicron ultra-high accuracy.

前記ワーク1のリング溝とコーナーとを超高精度に研削仕上げする場合の従来例を図4(B)に示す。
砥石車である研削砥石4の周囲に、超精密溝1a〜1cに対応する精密リング突条4a〜4cを形成するとともに、超精密コーナー1eに対応する精密角4dを形成し、
ワーク1を中心線z−zの周りに回転させながら、研削砥石4を接触させる。
このようにして、精密リング突条4a〜4cにより超精密溝1a〜1cを研削しつつ、精密角4dによって超精密コーナー1eを研削する。
図4(B)を参照して以上に述べたところは、各種の研削機に通用する基本である。
FIG. 4B shows a conventional example in which the ring groove and corner of the workpiece 1 are ground and finished with ultra-high accuracy.
The precision ring ridges 4a to 4c corresponding to the super precision grooves 1a to 1c are formed around the grinding wheel 4 which is a grinding wheel, and the precision angle 4d corresponding to the super precision corner 1e is formed.
The grinding wheel 4 is brought into contact with the work 1 while rotating around the center line zz.
In this manner, the super-precision corner 1e is ground by the precision angle 4d while the super-precision grooves 1a to 1c are ground by the precision ring protrusions 4a to 4c.
What has been described above with reference to FIG. 4B is a basic that can be applied to various grinding machines.

図4(A)に例示した円柱形類似のワークを超高精度で研削するにはセンタレス研削が適している。前記の研削砥石4を用いてセンタレス研削するには、本図4(B)に示したワーク1をブレード2と調整砥石3とで無心的に支承して回転させながら、研削砥石4を接触させる。
図4(B)に平面図を示したセンタレス研削状態の正面図を図5(A)に示す。研削砥石4の外周を2本の同心円で描いたのは、先に述べた精密リング突条4a〜4cを表している(以下同様)。
Centerless grinding is suitable for grinding a column-like workpiece exemplified in FIG. To perform centerless grinding using the grinding wheel 4 described above, the grinding wheel 4 is brought into contact with the workpiece 1 shown in FIG. .
FIG. 5A shows a front view of the centerless grinding state shown in the plan view of FIG. Drawing the outer periphery of the grinding wheel 4 with two concentric circles represents the precision ring protrusions 4a to 4c described above (the same applies hereinafter).

研削砥石4によってワーク1を研削すると、精密リング突条4a〜精密リング突条4cが損耗し、このため溝の形状が変化して精度が低下する。同様に精密角4dが損耗してコーナー1eの精度が低下する。
このため、図5(A)のように遂行していたワーク1の研削を中断して、 図5(B)に示したようにドレッサ5を矢印a方向に送り、研削砥石4に接触させてドレッシングを行なわねばならない。
When the workpiece 1 is ground with the grinding wheel 4, the precision ring protrusion 4 a to the precision ring protrusion 4 c are worn out, and the shape of the groove is changed to reduce accuracy. Similarly, the precision angle 4d is worn and the accuracy of the corner 1e is lowered.
Therefore, the grinding of the workpiece 1 performed as shown in FIG. 5 (A) is interrupted, and the dresser 5 is fed in the direction of arrow a as shown in FIG. Dressing must be done.

図5(C)は、ドレッサ5によって研削砥石4をドレッシングしている状態を示し、図5(B)のc−c断面に相当する。
ドレッサ5には、精密リング突条4a〜4cに対応する成形溝5a〜5cが設けられていて、損耗した精密リング突条4a〜4cをドレッシングして所定の形状寸法に復元させる。図示を省略するが、研削砥石4の精密角4d(図4(B)参照)も同様にしてドレッシングされる。
(財)機械振興協会技術研究所発行「加工技術データファイル」1982年、第6巻、20/32ページ(2)総形研削
FIG. 5C shows a state in which the grinding stone 4 is dressed by the dresser 5 and corresponds to the section cc of FIG. 5B.
The dresser 5 is provided with molding grooves 5a to 5c corresponding to the precision ring protrusions 4a to 4c, and the worn precision ring protrusions 4a to 4c are dressed to be restored to a predetermined shape and size. Although not shown, the precision angle 4d of the grinding wheel 4 (see FIG. 4B) is also dressed in the same manner.
"Technical data file", 1982, Volume 6, 20/32 (2) Total grinding

図5(A)と同(B)とを参照して説明したように、従来技術によって超精密なプロファイルを研削仕上げしようとすると、実質的な研削作業を中断してドレッシングを行なわねばならなかった。このため、実質的な研削作業は間欠的に行なわれ、作業能率を低下させていた。
ここに実質的な研削作業とは、いわゆる段取り(作業準備)や後始末を除き、実際に研削砥石が被加工物の表層を削り減らしている状態を指す。
本発明は以上に述べた事情に鑑みて為されたものであって、その目的とするところは、
超高精度の研削を高能率で施工し得るドレッシング技術を提供するにある。
As described with reference to FIGS. 5 (A) and 5 (B), if an ultra-precise profile is to be ground by the conventional technique, dressing must be performed with the substantial grinding operation interrupted. . For this reason, the substantial grinding work is performed intermittently, and the work efficiency is lowered.
Here, the substantial grinding work refers to a state in which the grinding wheel actually cuts down the surface layer of the work piece except for so-called setup (work preparation) and cleanup.
The present invention has been made in view of the circumstances described above, and the object is as follows.
The aim is to provide dressing technology that enables highly efficient grinding to be performed with high efficiency.

上記の目的を達成するために創作した本発明の基本的原理を、その実施形態に対応する図2を参照して略述すると次の通りである。
研削砥石4をワーク1に接近させる方向(矢印f)に切込み送りを与えて研削を行ないつつ、これと同時併行してドレッサ5を研削砥石4に接近させる方向(矢印b)に送り、
実質的な研削とドレッシングとを同時に進行させる。
研削砥石4上の任意の1点sに着目すると、この点は常に矢印r方向に回転しつつ、
図示の点eを通過する際にワーク1を研削し、図示の点dを通過する際にドレッシングされる。
このように、1回転の間に1回ずつ能動的に研削を行ない、かつ受動的にドレッシングを受け、これを連続的に繰り返す。
The basic principle of the present invention created to achieve the above object will be briefly described with reference to FIG. 2 corresponding to the embodiment.
While carrying out grinding by giving a cutting feed in the direction (arrow f) in which the grinding wheel 4 approaches the workpiece 1, simultaneously with this, the dresser 5 is fed in the direction (arrow b) in which the dresser 5 approaches the grinding wheel 4;
Substantial grinding and dressing are performed simultaneously.
Focusing on an arbitrary point s on the grinding wheel 4, this point always rotates in the direction of the arrow r,
The workpiece 1 is ground when passing the illustrated point e, and dressing is performed when passing the illustrated point d.
Thus, the grinding is actively performed once during one rotation, and the dressing is passively received, and this is continuously repeated.

上述の原理に基づく具体的な構成として、請求項1に係る発明方法は、
(図2参照)サブミクロンオーダーの超精密に研削仕上げすべき微小な凹凸(4a,4b,4c)を備えたプロファイルを有する回転体形状のワーク(1)を、軸心の周りに回転させながら、砥石車である研削砥石(4)を上記のワークに接触させて研削する場合、前記プロファイルをネガチブにした形状の研削砥石をドレッシングする方法において、
研削砥石(4)をワーク(1)に接触させて研削している期間中に限り、ドレッサ(5)に一定速度の切込み送り(矢印b)を与え、
ワークの研削加工と研削砥石のドレッシングとを同時に進行させることを特徴とする。
以上に説明した請求項1の発明方法によると、研削砥石は、常にドレッシングされた侭の状態(形状寸法が正確で、切れ味の良い状態)でワーク1を研削する。
このため、ワークの研削仕上げ面の形状寸法が正確であるのみでなく、表面あらさが良好である。その上、実質的な研削作業を中断することなく、連続的に作業を続行するので
作業能率が高い。
As a specific configuration based on the above principle, the inventive method according to claim 1 is:
(Refer to FIG. 2) While rotating the workpiece (1) having a profile with fine irregularities (4a, 4b, 4c) to be ground with submicron order precision, rotating around the axis. In the method of dressing a grinding wheel having a shape in which the profile is made negative when grinding the grinding wheel (4) which is a grinding wheel in contact with the workpiece,
Only during the period in which the grinding wheel (4) is in contact with the workpiece (1) and is ground, a constant speed cutting feed (arrow b) is given to the dresser (5),
It is characterized in that the workpiece grinding process and the grinding wheel dressing are simultaneously performed.
According to the method of the invention of claim 1 described above, the grinding wheel grinds the workpiece 1 in the state of the dressed wrinkles (the shape is accurate and sharp).
For this reason, not only is the shape dimension of the ground surface of the workpiece accurate, but the surface roughness is good. In addition, the work efficiency is high because the work is continued continuously without interrupting the substantial grinding work.

請求項2に係る発明方法の構成は、前記請求項1の発明方法の構成要件に加えて、
(図1および図2を併せて参照)前記のワーク1を、ブレード2と調整砥石3とにより無心的に支承して回転させながら研削加工することを特徴とする。
以上に説明した請求項2の発明によると、請求項1の発明装置による高精度,高能率の効果に加え、センタレス研削に特有の造円効果やセンタレス研削による高精度,高能率の効果が併せて発揮される。
The configuration of the inventive method according to claim 2 is in addition to the configuration requirements of the inventive method of claim 1,
(Refer to FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 in combination.) The workpiece 1 is ground while being supported and rotated by the blade 2 and the adjusting grindstone 3 in an indifferent manner.
According to the invention of claim 2 described above, in addition to the effects of high accuracy and high efficiency by the device of the invention of claim 1, the effect of circle making peculiar to centerless grinding and the effect of high precision and high efficiency by centerless grinding are combined. It is demonstrated.

請求項3に係る発明方法の構成は、前記請求項1または請求項2の発明方法の構成要件に加えて、
前記のワークが円柱面とフランジとを備えており、かつ、円柱面にリング溝を有するとともに、上記のリング溝形状および上記フランジの根本部のコーナー形状が高精度に規制されている場合、
研削加工工程を分割し、
先行する工程において円柱面とフランジ根本部とを研削し(図3参照)、
後続する工程においてリング溝を研削する(図1参照)ことを特徴とする。
以上に説明した請求項3の発明方法によると、高精度を要求される箇所を高能率で所望の精度に研削仕上げすることができる。特に、先行の工程で円柱面を研削仕上げすることによって、後続工程において「該円柱面に設けられているリング溝」を超高精度に研削仕上げすることができる。
The configuration of the inventive method according to claim 3 is in addition to the configuration requirements of the inventive method of claim 1 or claim 2,
When the workpiece has a cylindrical surface and a flange, and has a ring groove on the cylindrical surface, and the above-mentioned ring groove shape and the corner shape of the root portion of the flange are regulated with high accuracy,
Dividing the grinding process,
Grinding the cylindrical surface and the flange root in the preceding process (see FIG. 3);
The ring groove is ground in a subsequent process (see FIG. 1).
According to the method of the invention of claim 3 described above, it is possible to grind and finish a portion requiring high accuracy to desired accuracy with high efficiency. In particular, by grinding and finishing the cylindrical surface in the preceding process, the “ring groove provided in the cylindrical surface” can be ground and finished with ultrahigh accuracy in the subsequent process.

請求項4に係る発明装置の構成は、
(図2参照)ワーク1を研削する研削砥石4と、上記研削砥石をドレッシングするドレッサ5とを備えた研削装置において、
研削砥石のワークに対する切込み送り(矢印f)と、ドレッサの研削砥石に対する切込み送り(矢印b)とを制御する自動制御回路6が設置されており、
かつ、上記自動制御回路は、研削砥石の切込み送りとドレッサの切込み送りとを同時に行わせる機能を有していることを特徴とする。
以上に説明した請求項4の発明装置によると、前記請求項1の発明方法を容易に実施してその効果を十分に発揮させることができる。すなわち研削砥石は、図示の点dでドレッシングされ、その侭の状態(形状寸法も正確で、切れ味の良い状態)でワーク1を研削する。
このため、ワークの研削仕上げ面の形状寸法が正確であるのみでなく、表面あらさが良好である。その上、実質的な研削作業を中断することなく、連続的に作業を続行し得るので作業能率が高い。
The configuration of the inventive device according to claim 4 is as follows:
(See FIG. 2) In a grinding apparatus provided with a grinding wheel 4 for grinding the workpiece 1 and a dresser 5 for dressing the grinding wheel,
An automatic control circuit 6 for controlling the cutting feed (arrow f) to the workpiece of the grinding wheel and the cutting feed (arrow b) of the dresser to the grinding wheel is installed,
The automatic control circuit has a function of simultaneously performing the cutting feed of the grinding wheel and the cutting feed of the dresser.
According to the invention device of claim 4 described above, the method of the invention of claim 1 can be easily implemented and the effects can be sufficiently exhibited. That is, the grinding wheel is dressed at the point d shown in the figure, and the workpiece 1 is ground in the state of the ridge (the shape is accurate and sharp).
For this reason, not only is the shape dimension of the ground surface of the workpiece accurate, but the surface roughness is good. In addition, the work efficiency is high because the work can be continued continuously without interrupting the substantial grinding work.

請求項5に係る発明装置の構成は、前記請求項4の発明装置の構成要件に加えて、
(図2参照)前記の研削装置が、ブレード2と調整砥石3とによってワーク1を無心的に支承するようになっていることを特徴とする。
以上に説明した請求項5の発明装置によると、請求項4の発明装置による高精度,高能率の効果に加えて、センタレス研削に特有の造円効果やセンタレス研削による高精度,高能率の効果が併せて発揮される。
The configuration of the inventive device according to claim 5 is in addition to the configuration requirements of the inventive device according to claim 4,
(See FIG. 2) The grinding apparatus described above is characterized in that the workpiece 1 is supported unconsciously by the blade 2 and the adjusting grindstone 3.
According to the invention device of claim 5 described above, in addition to the high accuracy and high efficiency effect by the invention device of claim 4, the circular shape effect peculiar to centerless grinding and the high accuracy and high efficiency effect by centerless grinding. Is also demonstrated.

請求項6に係る発明装置の構成は、前記請求項4または請求項5の発明装置の構成要件に加えて、
(図2参照)自動制御回路6が、ドレッサ5の切込み送り(矢印b)を、所定の速度で連続的に行わせる機能を有しており、
かつ、該所定の速度を調節し得るようになっていることを特徴とする。
以上に説明した請求項6の発明装置によると、請求項4に係る発明装置の効果である高精度・高能率を損なうことなく、安定した作業状態を自動的に維持することができ、操業コストが低減される。
The configuration of the inventive device according to claim 6 is in addition to the configuration requirements of the inventive device of claim 4 or claim 5,
(See FIG. 2) The automatic control circuit 6 has a function of continuously performing the cutting feed (arrow b) of the dresser 5 at a predetermined speed.
In addition, the predetermined speed can be adjusted.
According to the invention device of claim 6 described above, it is possible to automatically maintain a stable work state without impairing the high accuracy and high efficiency which are the effects of the invention device according to claim 4, and to reduce the operating cost. Is reduced.

請求項1の発明方法によると、研削砥石が常に、ドレッシングされた侭の状態(形状寸法も正確で、切れ味の良い状態)でワークを研削する。
このため、ワークの研削仕上げ面の形状寸法が正確であるのみでなく、表面あらさが良好である。その上、実質的な研削作業を中断することなく、連続的に作業を続行するので
作業能率が高い。
According to the method of the first aspect of the present invention, the grinding wheel always grinds the workpiece in a dressed state of wrinkles (the shape is accurate and sharp).
For this reason, not only is the shape dimension of the ground surface of the workpiece accurate, but the surface roughness is good. In addition, the work efficiency is high because the work is continued continuously without interrupting the substantial grinding work.

請求項2の発明によると、請求項1の発明装置による高精度,高能率の効果に加えて、センタレス研削に特有の造円効果やセンタレス研削による高精度,高能率の効果が併せて発揮される。   According to the invention of claim 2, in addition to the effects of high accuracy and high efficiency by the apparatus of the invention of claim 1, the effect of circle making peculiar to centerless grinding and the effect of high precision and high efficiency by centerless grinding are exhibited. The

請求項3の発明方法によると、高精度を要求される箇所を高能率で所望の精度に研削仕上げすることができる。特に、先行の工程で円柱面を研削仕上げすることによって、後続工程において「該円柱面に設けられているリング溝」を高精度に研削仕上げすることができる。   According to the third aspect of the invention, it is possible to grind and finish a portion requiring high accuracy to desired accuracy with high efficiency. In particular, by grinding and finishing the cylindrical surface in the preceding step, the “ring groove provided in the cylindrical surface” can be ground and finished with high accuracy in the subsequent step.

請求項4の発明装置によると、前記請求項1の発明方法を容易に実施してその効果を十分に発揮させることができる。すなわち研削砥石は、ドレッサに接触したときドレッシングされ、その侭の状態(形状寸法も正確で、切れ味の良い状態)でワークを研削する。
このため、ワークの研削仕上げ面の形状寸法が正確であるのみでなく、表面あらさが良好である。その上、実質的な研削作業を中断することなく、連続的に作業を続行し得るので作業能率が高い。
According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, the method of the first aspect of the present invention can be easily carried out and the effects can be sufficiently exhibited. That is, the grinding wheel is dressed when it comes into contact with the dresser, and grinds the workpiece in the state of its ridges (the shape is accurate and sharp).
For this reason, not only is the shape dimension of the ground surface of the workpiece accurate, but the surface roughness is good. In addition, the work efficiency is high because the work can be continued continuously without interrupting the substantial grinding work.

請求項5の発明装置によると、請求項4の発明装置による高精度,高能率の効果に加えて、センタレス研削に特有の造円効果やセンタレス研削による高精度,高能率の効果が併せて発揮される。   According to the fifth aspect of the present invention, in addition to the high precision and high efficiency effect of the fourth aspect of the invention apparatus, the circular forming effect peculiar to the centerless grinding and the high precision and high efficiency of the centerless grinding are also exhibited. Is done.

請求項6の発明装置によると、請求項4に係る発明装置の効果である高精度・高能率を損なうことなく、安定した作業状態を自動的に維持することができ、操業コストが低減される。   According to the invention apparatus of claim 6, a stable working state can be automatically maintained without impairing the high accuracy and high efficiency which are the effects of the invention apparatus of claim 4, and the operation cost is reduced. .

本発明をセンタレス研削に適用した場合について以下に説明する。
従来の技術によって図4(A)のワーク1を研削仕上げするには、図5(A)の実質的な研削工程と図5(B)のドレッシング工程とを交互に繰り返す。
実質的な研削工程は図5(A)および図4(B)に図示したようにして行なわれ、
ドレッシング工程は上記の実質的な研削を中断し、図5(B)および同図(C)に図示したようにして行なわれる。
これに対して本発明は図2に示したように、実質的な研削作業とドレッシング作業とを同時に併行して遂行する。
The case where the present invention is applied to centerless grinding will be described below.
In order to finish the workpiece 1 of FIG. 4 (A) by the conventional technique, the substantial grinding process of FIG. 5 (A) and the dressing process of FIG. 5 (B) are repeated alternately.
The substantial grinding process is performed as illustrated in FIGS. 5 (A) and 4 (B).
The dressing process is performed as shown in FIGS. 5B and 5C, with the above substantial grinding interrupted.
In contrast, the present invention performs a substantial grinding operation and a dressing operation simultaneously as shown in FIG.

図1は本発明装置の1実施形態を模式的に描いた断面図である(切断面は1つの平面ではない)。
ドレッサ5には成形溝5a,同5b,および同5cが形成されていて、ドレッサ軸5dの周りに回転しながら、研削砥石4の精密リング突条4a,同4b,および同4cをドレッシングする。
上記の研削砥石4は砥石軸4eの周りに回転しながら、ドレッシングされた精密リング突条4a,同4b,および同4cによってワーク1の超精密溝1a,同1b,および同1cを研削仕上げする。
符号2はブレード、符号3は調整砥石である。
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing an embodiment of the apparatus of the present invention (the cut surface is not one plane).
Forming grooves 5a, 5b and 5c are formed in the dresser 5, and the precision ring ridges 4a, 4b and 4c of the grinding wheel 4 are dressed while rotating around the dresser shaft 5d.
While the grinding wheel 4 rotates around the grinding wheel shaft 4e, the dressed precision ring ridges 4a, 4b, and 4c grind and finish the super-precision grooves 1a, 1b, and 1c of the workpiece 1. .
Reference numeral 2 denotes a blade, and reference numeral 3 denotes an adjusting grindstone.

図1は、前掲の図2に示された構成部材の配置を描いた部分的断面平面図である。
ブレード2と調整砥石3とによってワーク1を無心的に支承して回転させながら、砥石車である研削砥石4を接触させて研削することは公知技術におけると同様である。
本発明においては、上記の研削と同時にドレッサ5を研削砥石4に接触させてドレッシングを行なう。
(図2参照)研削砥石4は矢印r方向に回転している。この研削砥石の外周が2本の同心円で描涸れているのは、図1について先に述べた精密リング突条(4a,4b,4c)が設けられていることを表している。
FIG. 1 is a partial cross-sectional plan view depicting the arrangement of the components shown in FIG.
It is the same as in the known art that the grinding wheel 4 which is a grinding wheel is brought into contact with the workpiece 1 while the workpiece 1 is supported and rotated by the blade 2 and the adjusting grindstone 3 and rotated.
In the present invention, dressing is performed by bringing the dresser 5 into contact with the grinding wheel 4 simultaneously with the above grinding.
(See FIG. 2) The grinding wheel 4 rotates in the direction of the arrow r. The outer circumference of this grinding wheel is drawn with two concentric circles, indicating that the precision ring ridges (4a, 4b, 4c) described above with reference to FIG. 1 are provided.

いま、研削砥石4上の任意の点sについて考察すると、この点sは矢印rのように回転し、図示の点dを通過する際、ドレッサ5によってドレッシングされる。
ドレッシングされて形状・寸法を正確に整えられ、かつ切れ味が良くなった部分(s)は、更に矢印r方向に進行して点eを通過しながらワーク1を研削する。このようにして、研削砥石4の表面(精密リング突条が形成されている)は、現実に可能な最良の状態で研削作業を遂行する。
Now, considering an arbitrary point s on the grinding wheel 4, the point s rotates as indicated by an arrow r and is dressed by the dresser 5 when passing through the point d shown in the figure.
The portion (s) that has been dressed and whose shape and dimensions are accurately adjusted and has improved sharpness further proceeds in the direction of the arrow r and grinds the workpiece 1 while passing through the point e. In this way, the surface of the grinding wheel 4 (on which the precision ring ridge is formed) performs the grinding work in the best possible state.

研削を終えて、僅かに形状・寸法が乱れ、僅かに切れ味が落ちた部分(s)は、更に矢印r方向に回転して再び点dに至り、ドレッシングを受けて再生され、その後、このサイクルを繰り返す。
これにより、研削砥石4の外周表面は、常に最良の状態で実質的な研削作業を遂行することになる。
従って、ワーク1の研削仕上げ精度も最良となり、その上、実質的な研削作業が連続的に行なわれるので作業能率が高い。ここに連続的とは、間欠的でないことを意味し、具体的には「図5(A)、(B)の状態を交互に繰り返して実質的な研削作業を中断させることが無い」という意味である。
After grinding, the part (s) whose shape and dimensions are slightly disturbed and slightly sharpened is further rotated in the direction of the arrow r to reach point d again, and is regenerated after receiving dressing. repeat.
Thereby, the outer peripheral surface of the grinding wheel 4 always performs a substantial grinding operation in the best state.
Accordingly, the grinding finishing accuracy of the work 1 is also the best, and the work efficiency is high because the substantial grinding work is continuously performed. Here, “continuous” means not intermittent, and specifically means “no substantial interruption of the grinding operation by alternately repeating the states of FIGS. 5A and 5B”. It is.

図2に描かれている自動制御回路6は研削装置全般を制御しているが、その制御機能の一環として、研削砥石4の砥石軸4eを矢印f方向に切込み送りさせながら、ドレッサ5のドレッサ軸5dを矢印b方向へ連続的に切込み送りさせる。
1個のワークを研削し終えて研削砥石4をワークから離間させたときは、ドレッサ5による研削砥石4のドレッシングも休止する。この休止は、請求項6に記載した「連続的」
と相反するものではない。
本発明においては原則として、実質的な研削作業期間中に限ってドレッシングが行われる。実質的な研削作業期間外にドレッシングすることは研削砥石を無益に減耗させるからである。
ドレッサ軸5dの切込み送り(矢印b)速度は、砥石軸4eの切込み送り(矢印f)速度に対して所定の割合となるように制御される。
The automatic control circuit 6 illustrated in FIG. 2 controls the entire grinding apparatus. As part of the control function, the dresser 5 of the dresser 5 is fed while cutting the grindstone shaft 4e in the direction of arrow f. The shaft 5d is continuously cut and fed in the direction of the arrow b.
When grinding of one workpiece is finished and the grinding wheel 4 is separated from the workpiece, the dressing of the grinding wheel 4 by the dresser 5 is also stopped. This pause is “continuous” as claimed in claim 6.
It is not in conflict with.
In principle, in the present invention, dressing is performed only during a substantial grinding operation. This is because dressing outside of the substantial grinding operation period detrimentally wears the grinding wheel.
The cutting feed (arrow b) speed of the dresser shaft 5d is controlled to be a predetermined ratio with respect to the cutting feed (arrow f) speed of the grindstone shaft 4e.

以上に、図1を参照して超精密溝1a,1b,1cの研削仕上げについて説明したが、
その前工程として、図3に示した円柱面1f、および超精密コーナー1eの研削を行なう。従って、研削作業の全体を見たとき、前掲の図1の研削作業は後続の工程である。
ワーク1に形成されているフランジ1dの根元部分に位置する超精密コーナー1eは、その形状・寸法を高精度(サブマイクロメータのオーダー)に規制されている。
図1に示したドレッサ5と別体に、図3に示したドレッサ5′が設けられている。
図3において、ドレッサ5′には平行斜線を付して描いてあり、斑点を付して描いてあるのは研削砥石4′の1部分である。
The grinding finish of the super-precision grooves 1a, 1b, 1c has been described above with reference to FIG.
As a pre-process, grinding is performed on the cylindrical surface 1f and the super-precision corner 1e shown in FIG. Accordingly, when the entire grinding operation is viewed, the grinding operation shown in FIG. 1 is a subsequent process.
The ultra-precision corner 1e located at the root portion of the flange 1d formed on the workpiece 1 is regulated with high accuracy (submicrometer order) in shape and size.
A dresser 5 'shown in FIG. 3 is provided separately from the dresser 5 shown in FIG.
In FIG. 3, the dresser 5 ′ is drawn with a parallel oblique line, and a portion of the grinding wheel 4 ′ is drawn with spots.

本実施形態のワーク1(図3参照)は、フランジ1dの根本に超精密コーナー1eが設けられていて、ここを超精密(サブミクロンの精度等級)に仕上げなければならない。
そこで、研削砥石4′の精密角4dで該超精密コーナー1eを研削仕上げされる。上記研削砥石4′の精密角4dの形状寸法および切れ味を、常に良好な状態に保つため、ドレッサ5′で該精密角4dを連続的にドレッシングする。
その考え方は、前掲の図1について説明した「研削砥石4の精密リング突条の連続的ドレッシング」と同様である。
The workpiece 1 (see FIG. 3) of the present embodiment is provided with an ultra-precision corner 1e at the root of the flange 1d, and this must be finished to ultra-precision (submicron accuracy grade).
Therefore, the super-precision corner 1e is ground by the precision angle 4d of the grinding wheel 4 '. In order to always keep the shape and sharpness of the precision angle 4d of the grinding wheel 4 'in a good state, the dresser 5' continuously dresses the precision angle 4d.
The idea is the same as “continuous dressing of the precision ring ridge of the grinding wheel 4” described with reference to FIG.

図3に示した先行工程においては、ワーク1の超精密コーナー1eを研削仕上げすると同時に、該ワークの円柱面1fを研削仕上げする。その理由は次の通りである。
この円柱面1fには、先に述べた超精密溝1a,1b,1c(図1参照)が設けられている。後続の工程で、これらの超精密溝を超精密(サブミクロンオーダー)に仕上げるには、先行の工程で円柱面1fを予め超精密に仕上げておかねばならない。
研削砥石4′の円柱面4fは、ワークの円柱面1fを超精密に研削仕上げする。そのために、ドレッサ5′には円柱面5eが設けれていて、研削砥石4′の円柱面4fを連続的にドレッシングする。
In the preceding step shown in FIG. 3, the ultra-precision corner 1e of the workpiece 1 is ground and simultaneously the cylindrical surface 1f of the workpiece is ground. The reason is as follows.
The cylindrical surface 1f is provided with the above-described super-precision grooves 1a, 1b, 1c (see FIG. 1). In order to finish these ultra-precision grooves to ultra-precision (submicron order) in the subsequent process, the cylindrical surface 1f must be finished in advance in the ultra-precision process in the preceding process.
The cylindrical surface 4f of the grinding wheel 4 'grinds and finishes the cylindrical surface 1f of the workpiece with high precision. For this purpose, the dresser 5 'is provided with a cylindrical surface 5e, which continuously dresses the cylindrical surface 4f of the grinding wheel 4'.

図1〜図3を参照して以上に説明した実施形態はセンタレス研削に本発明を適用したものであったが、ワーク⇔研削砥石⇔ドレッサという関係は、センタレス方式以外の研削作業にも存在する。
本発明は、ワークが回転体形状であって、そのプロファイルに超精密の凹凸があり、研削砥石が砥石車である場合の研削一般に適用することができる。
The embodiment described above with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3 is the one in which the present invention is applied to centerless grinding. However, the relationship between the workpiece and the grinding wheel and the dresser also exists in grinding operations other than the centerless method. .
The present invention can be applied to general grinding when the workpiece has a rotating body shape, the profile thereof has ultra-precision irregularities, and the grinding wheel is a grinding wheel.

本発明の実施形態における先行の工程を模式的に描いた断面図Sectional drawing which drawn the preceding process typically in the embodiment of the present invention typically 本発明の実施形態を模式的に描いた正面図Front view schematically illustrating an embodiment of the present invention 本発明の実施形態における後続の工程を模式的に描いた断面図Sectional drawing which drawn typically the subsequent process in the embodiment of the present invention. 従来技術を説明するために示したもので、(A)はワークの正面図、(B)は該ワークを研削している状態の模式図It was shown in order to explain a prior art, (A) is a front view of a work, (B) is a mimetic diagram of the state where this work is ground 従来技術を説明するために示したもので、(A)は実質的な研削作業の模式図、(B)はドレッシング作業の模式図、(C)はドレッシング作業を描いた模式的な部分断面図It is shown in order to explain a prior art, (A) is a schematic diagram of a substantial grinding operation, (B) is a schematic diagram of a dressing operation, (C) is a schematic partial sectional view depicting a dressing operation.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

1…ワーク
1a,1b,1c…超精密溝
1d…フランジ
1e…超精密コーナー
1f…円柱面
2…ブレード
3…調整砥石
4,4′…研削砥石
4a,4b,4c…精密リング突条
4d…精密角
4e…砥石軸
4f…円柱面
5,5′…ドレッサ
5a,5b,5c…成形溝
5d…ドレッサ軸5d
5e…円柱面5e
6…自動制御回路
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Work 1a, 1b, 1c ... Super precision groove | channel 1d ... Flange 1e ... Super precision corner 1f ... Cylindrical surface 2 ... Blade 3 ... Adjustment grindstone
4, 4 '... Grinding wheel
4a, 4b, 4c ... precision ring protrusion
4d ... Precise angle
4e ... Whetstone shaft
4f ... cylindrical surface
5,5 '... Dresser
5a, 5b, 5c ... Molding groove
5d ... Dresser shaft 5d
5e ... cylindrical surface 5e
6 ... Automatic control circuit

Claims (6)

サブミクロンオーダーの超精密に研削仕上げすべき微小な凹凸(4a,4b,4c)を備えたプロファイルを有する回転体形状のワーク(1)を、軸心の周りに回転させながら、砥石車である研削砥石(4)を上記のワークに接触させて研削する場合、前記プロファイルをネガチブにした形状の研削砥石をドレッシングする方法であって、
研削砥石(4)をワーク(1)に接触させて研削している期間中に限り、ドレッサ(5)に一定速度の切込み送りを与え、
ワークの研削加工と研削砥石のドレッシングとを同時に進行させることを特徴とする、インプロセスドレッシング方法。
It is a grinding wheel while rotating a workpiece (1) of a rotating body having a profile with minute irregularities (4a, 4b, 4c) to be finished with super precision of submicron order around an axis. When grinding the grinding wheel (4) in contact with the workpiece, it is a method of dressing a grinding wheel having a shape in which the profile is made negative,
Only during the period in which the grinding wheel (4) is in contact with the workpiece (1) and is ground, a constant speed cutting feed is given to the dresser (5),
An in-process dressing method comprising simultaneously grinding a workpiece and dressing a grinding wheel.
前記のワーク(1)を、ブレード(2)と調整砥石(3)とにより無心的に支承して回転させながら研削加工することを特徴とする、請求項1に記載したインプロセスドレッシング方法。   The in-process dressing method according to claim 1, characterized in that the workpiece (1) is ground while being supported and rotated by the blade (2) and the adjusting grindstone (3). 前記のワーク(1)が円柱面とフランジとを備えており、かつ、円柱面にリング溝を有するとともに、上記のリング溝形状および上記フランジの根本部のコーナー形状が高精度に規制されている場合、
研削加工工程を分割し、
先行する工程において円柱面とフランジ根本部とを研削し、
後続する工程においてリング溝を研削することを特徴とする請求項1または請求項2に記載したインプロセスドレッシング方法。
The workpiece (1) includes a cylindrical surface and a flange, and has a ring groove on the cylindrical surface, and the ring groove shape and the corner shape of the base portion of the flange are regulated with high accuracy. If
Dividing the grinding process,
Grinding the cylindrical surface and the flange root in the preceding process,
The in-process dressing method according to claim 1, wherein the ring groove is ground in a subsequent step.
ワーク(1)を研削する研削砥石(4)と、上記研削砥石をドレッシングするドレッサ(5)とを備えた研削装置において、
回転体形状のワークを支持して、軸心周りに回転させる手段が設けられるとともに、
研削砥石のワークに対する切込み送り(矢印f)と、ドレッサの研削砥石に対する切込み送り(矢印b)とを制御する自動制御回路(6)が設置されており、
かつ、上記自動制御回路は、研削砥石の切込み送りとドレッサの切込み送りとを同時に行わせる機能を有していることを特徴とする、インプロセスドレッシング装置。
In a grinding apparatus comprising a grinding wheel (4) for grinding a workpiece (1) and a dresser (5) for dressing the grinding wheel,
A means for supporting the rotating body-shaped workpiece and rotating it around the axis is provided.
An automatic control circuit (6) for controlling the cutting feed (arrow f) to the workpiece of the grinding wheel and the cutting feed (arrow b) of the dresser to the grinding wheel is installed,
And the said automatic control circuit has the function to perform the cutting feed of a grinding wheel, and the cutting feed of a dresser simultaneously, The in-process dressing apparatus characterized by the above-mentioned.
前記の研削装置が、ブレード(2)と調整砥石(3)とによってワーク(1)を無心的に支承するようになっていることを特徴とする、請求項4に記載したインプロセスドレッシング装置。   The in-process dressing device according to claim 4, characterized in that the grinding device is adapted to support the workpiece (1) involuntarily by means of a blade (2) and an adjusting grindstone (3). 前記の自動制御回路(6)が、ドレッサ(5)の切込み送りを、所定の速度で連続的に行わせる機能を有しており、
かつ、該所定の速度を調節し得るようになっていることを特徴とする請求項4または請求項5に記載したインプロセスドレッシング装置。
The automatic control circuit (6) has a function of continuously performing the cutting feed of the dresser (5) at a predetermined speed,
6. The in-process dressing apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the predetermined speed can be adjusted.
JP2005090849A 2005-03-28 2005-03-28 Method and device for in-process dressing Pending JP2006272467A (en)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8911283B2 (en) 2010-08-06 2014-12-16 Saint-Gobain Abrasives, Inc. Abrasive tool and a method for finishing complex shapes in workpieces

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