JP2006263585A - Method for preventing clogging of air diffuser and method for operating air diffuser using this method - Google Patents

Method for preventing clogging of air diffuser and method for operating air diffuser using this method Download PDF

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JP2006263585A
JP2006263585A JP2005085581A JP2005085581A JP2006263585A JP 2006263585 A JP2006263585 A JP 2006263585A JP 2005085581 A JP2005085581 A JP 2005085581A JP 2005085581 A JP2005085581 A JP 2005085581A JP 2006263585 A JP2006263585 A JP 2006263585A
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air
diffuser
air diffuser
blocks
clogging
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JP4502856B2 (en
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Tomomasa Takemura
知正 竹村
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NGK Insulators Ltd
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
    • Y02W10/10—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for preventing the clogging of an air diffuser capable of completely preventing an air diffuser plate from clogging due to an adverse current inside the air diffuser even when air supply is stopped, and a method for operating the air diffuser capable of preventing excess air diffusion even when treated water volume is smaller than designed water volume. <P>SOLUTION: The air diffuser plate type air diffuser 2 is partitioned into a plurality of blocks and placed in a reactor 1, and pipes for air delivery 8 and 9 are separately provided. When the treated water volume is smaller than the designed water volume, air is delivered to the air diffuser 2 in specific block. On the other hand, service water or the treated water is poured inside the air diffuser 2 which belongs to the remaining blocks and to which air delivery is terminated to prevent the clogging of the air diffuser plate. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

本発明は、下水処理場の反応タンクの内部に設置された散気装置の目詰まり防止方法及びこの方法を用いた散気装置の運転方法に関するものである。   The present invention relates to a method for preventing clogging of a diffuser installed in a reaction tank of a sewage treatment plant and a method for operating a diffuser using this method.

活性汚泥処理を行う下水処理場の反応タンク（曝気槽）の内部には、多数の散気装置が設置され、槽内に酸素を供給している。下水処理用の散気装置には各種の形式のものがあるが、従来から散気板を用いた散気装置が広く使用されている。これはホルダー上面に多孔質の散気板を取り付け、送気用配管から供給された圧縮空気を気泡として水中に噴出する構造のものであり、微細な気泡を均一に発生させることができ、優れた酸素移動効率を達成できる利点がある。   A large number of air diffusers are installed inside a reaction tank (aeration tank) of a sewage treatment plant that performs activated sludge treatment, and oxygen is supplied into the tank. There are various types of diffusers for sewage treatment, but diffusers using diffuser plates have been widely used. This is a structure in which a porous diffuser plate is attached to the upper surface of the holder and the compressed air supplied from the air supply pipe is blown into the water as bubbles, which can generate fine bubbles uniformly and is excellent. There is an advantage that oxygen transfer efficiency can be achieved.

しかし散気板式の散気装置は送気量を設計送気量よりも絞りすぎたり、送気を停止したりすると、槽内汚水が散気板の内部に浸入し、目詰まりを生じさせるという弱点がある。このため特許文献１に示されるように、ホルダー内部に逆止弁を設けて内部の気圧を維持し槽内汚水の逆流を防止する技術や、特許文献２に示されるように送気用配管にモイスチャーブロー配管を接続し、配管内部の圧力を維持して逆流を防止する技術などが提案されている。ところがこのような方法によっても散気装置内部への逆流を完全に防止することはできず、特に長期間にわたって安定した逆流防止効果を得ることは困難であった。   However, the diffuser of the diffuser plate type is said to clog the sewage in the tank when the air supply is reduced more than the designed air supply or the air supply is stopped, and the sewage in the tank enters the diffuser plate. There are weaknesses. For this reason, as shown in Patent Document 1, a check valve is provided inside the holder to maintain the atmospheric pressure inside the tank and prevent reverse flow of sewage in the tank. Techniques have been proposed in which moisture blow piping is connected and the pressure inside the piping is maintained to prevent backflow. However, such a method cannot completely prevent the backflow into the diffuser, and it has been difficult to obtain a stable backflow prevention effect over a long period of time.

従って散気板式の散気装置が設置された反応タンクは、送気量を常に設計送気量範囲に維持する必要があり、流入汚水量が設計水量よりも少ない場合には過剰な散気が行われることとなり、送気のための送風機動力が無駄になるという問題があった。また循環式硝化脱窒方式を採用している反応タンクにおいては、過剰な散気により溶存酸素濃度が必要以上に上昇し、無酸素槽への持込酸素量が大きくなって脱窒がうまく行えないという問題があった。   Therefore, a reaction tank equipped with a diffuser plate type diffuser must maintain the air flow rate within the design air flow rate range at all times, and if the inflow sewage amount is less than the design water amount, excessive aeration will occur. As a result, there is a problem that the power of the blower for supplying air is wasted. In addition, in a reaction tank that uses a circulatory nitrification and denitrification system, the dissolved oxygen concentration rises more than necessary due to excessive aeration, and the amount of oxygen brought into the anoxic tank increases and denitrification can be performed successfully. There was no problem.

特に全面曝気方式の反応タンクにおいては、酸素移動効率を高めるために散気板気孔率を細かくしたものを使用することが多く、この場合には送気量を下げると目詰まりが発生しやすく、上記の問題点が顕著であった。
特開平３−１６５８９７号公報 特開昭５６−１３０８７号公報 In particular, in a full-aeration type reaction tank, in order to increase the oxygen transfer efficiency, it is often the case that the porosity of the diffuser plate is made fine.In this case, if the air supply amount is lowered, clogging is likely to occur. The above problems were remarkable.
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 3-165897 JP-A-56-13087

従って本発明の第１の目的は、長期間にわたって送気を停止した場合にも、散気装置内部への逆流による散気板の目詰まりを完全に防止することができる散気装置の目詰まり防止方法を提供することである。また本発明の第２の目的は、処理水量が設計水量よりも少ない場合にも過剰な散気を防止することができる散気装置の運転方法を提供することである。   Therefore, the first object of the present invention is to clog a diffuser that can completely prevent clogging of the diffuser plate due to the back flow into the diffuser even when the air supply is stopped for a long period of time. It is to provide a prevention method. The second object of the present invention is to provide a method of operating an air diffuser capable of preventing excessive air diffusion even when the amount of treated water is smaller than the design water amount.

上記の課題を解決するためになされた本発明の散気装置の目詰まり防止方法は、反応タンク内に設置された散気板式の散気装置のうち、使用を停止中の散気装置の内部に上水あるいは処理水を注水し、散気板の目詰まりを防止することを特徴とするものである。なお散気装置とともに、散気装置への送気用配管の内部をも上水あるいは処理水で満たすことが好ましい。   The method for preventing clogging of the air diffuser of the present invention made to solve the above-mentioned problems is the same as the inside of the air diffuser that is stopped in use among the air diffuser of the diffuser plate type installed in the reaction tank. In this case, water or treated water is poured into the air diffuser to prevent clogging of the diffuser plate. In addition to the air diffuser, it is preferable to fill the inside of the air supply pipe to the air diffuser with clean water or treated water.

また本発明の散気装置の運転方法は、反応タンク内に散気板式の散気装置を複数ブロックに分割配置して送気用配管を別系統としておき、特定ブロックの散気装置に送気する一方、残りのブロックに属する散気装置の内部には上水あるいは処理水を注水し、散気板の目詰まりを防止することを特徴とするものである。この場合、散気装置を反応タンク底部面積の１/３のブロックと、２/３のブロックとに分割配置することが好ましい。また、散気装置を反応タンク底部面積の１/２のブロックずつに分割配置し、定期的に送気するブロックを替えることもできる。   In addition, the operation method of the air diffuser of the present invention is that the air diffuser of the diffuser plate type is divided into a plurality of blocks in the reaction tank and the air supply pipe is set as a separate system to supply air to the air diffuser of the specific block. On the other hand, clean water or treated water is poured into the air diffusers belonging to the remaining blocks to prevent clogging of the air diffuser plate. In this case, it is preferable to divide the diffuser into 1/3 blocks of the reaction tank bottom area and 2/3 blocks. In addition, it is possible to divide the diffuser into 1/2 blocks of the reaction tank bottom area and change the blocks that are regularly supplied.

本発明の散気装置の目詰まり防止方法によれば、使用を停止中の散気装置の内部に上水あるいは処理水を注水するので、新たに槽内水が浸入する可能性はない。従って、送気を停止した状態のまま長期間にわたり散気板の目詰まりを防止することができる。   According to the method for preventing clogging of the air diffuser according to the present invention, since fresh water or treated water is injected into the air diffuser that is not being used, there is no possibility that water in the tank newly enters. Therefore, it is possible to prevent clogging of the diffuser plate over a long period of time while air supply is stopped.

また本発明の散気装置の運転方法によれば、散気装置を複数ブロックに分割配置し、特定ブロックの散気装置にのみ送気して散気を行い、残りのブロックに属する散気装置については上記方法により目詰まりを防止することができる。このため処理水量が設計水量よりも少ない場合には、過剰な散気を防止することができる。   Further, according to the operation method of the air diffuser of the present invention, the air diffuser is divided and arranged in a plurality of blocks, the air diffuser is diffused by supplying air only to the air diffuser of the specific block, and the air diffuser belonging to the remaining blocks About clogging can be prevented by the above method. For this reason, when the amount of treated water is less than the designed amount of water, excessive aeration can be prevented.

図１は本発明の実施形態を説明するための反応タンクの平面図、図２は垂直断面図、図３は散気装置の拡大断面図である。図１のように、反応タンク１の底部のほぼ全面にわたって散気板式の散気装置２が敷設されている。この散気装置２は、例えば図３に示されるように角型パイプ３の上面に多孔質の散気板４をパッキン５を介して設置し、固定金具６により固定したもので、パイプ３から供給される圧縮空気が貫通孔７から散気板４の下部に入り、散気板４の気孔を通じて水中に微細な気泡として散気されるようになっている。しかし散気装置２の構造は図３のものに限定されるものではない。   FIG. 1 is a plan view of a reaction tank for explaining an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a vertical sectional view, and FIG. 3 is an enlarged sectional view of a diffuser. As shown in FIG. 1, a diffuser plate type diffuser 2 is laid over substantially the entire bottom of the reaction tank 1. For example, as shown in FIG. 3, this air diffuser 2 is a device in which a porous air diffuser plate 4 is installed on the upper surface of a square pipe 3 via a packing 5 and fixed by a fixing bracket 6. The supplied compressed air enters the lower part of the diffuser plate 4 through the through holes 7 and is diffused into the water as fine bubbles through the pores of the diffuser plate 4. However, the structure of the air diffuser 2 is not limited to that shown in FIG.

図１、図２に示されるように、反応タンク１内の散気装置２は複数ブロックに分割配置されており、外部からの送気用配管８，９をブロック毎に別系統としてある。この実施形態では面積比が２：１となった２つのブロックが形成されている。そして処理水量が設計水量よりも少ない場合には、何れか片方だけのブロックに圧縮空気を送気することにより、過剰な空気供給を防止する。   As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the air diffuser 2 in the reaction tank 1 is divided into a plurality of blocks, and external air supply pipes 8 and 9 are provided as separate systems for each block. In this embodiment, two blocks having an area ratio of 2: 1 are formed. When the amount of treated water is smaller than the designed amount of water, excessive air supply is prevented by supplying compressed air to only one of the blocks.

この実施形態のように、散気装置２を反応タンク１の底部面積の１/３のブロックと２/３のブロックとに分割配置しておけば、散気面積を１/３、２/３、３/３の３通りに変化させることができる。また半々に分割配置し、送気するブロックを定期的に替えることによっても目詰まりを防止することは可能である。しかし、例えば１/４ずつに分割配置すれば散気面積を４通りに変えることができるが、次第に配管が複雑化するのであまり細かいブロックに分割することは実用的ではない。   If the diffuser 2 is divided into 1/3 blocks and 2/3 blocks of the bottom area of the reaction tank 1 as in this embodiment, the diffused area is reduced to 1/3, 2/3. 3/3 can be changed. It is also possible to prevent clogging by dividing the halves in half and periodically changing the air supply block. However, for example, if the air is divided into quarters, the diffused area can be changed to four ways. However, since the piping gradually becomes more complicated, it is not practical to divide into very fine blocks.

このように使用するブロックと使用しないブロックとが生じた場合、使用しないブロックの散気装置２には槽内水の逆流による目詰まりの問題が生ずることは前記したとおりである。そこで、使用されない他方のブロックに属する散気装置２の内部には上水あるいは処理水を注水し、散気板の目詰まりを防止する。   As described above, when the block to be used and the block not to be used are generated in this manner, the air diffuser 2 of the block not to be used has a problem of clogging due to the backflow of the water in the tank. Therefore, clean water or treated water is poured into the diffuser 2 belonging to the other unused block to prevent clogging of the diffuser plate.

注水は、例えば既設の消泡水用配管（反応タンクの表面泡を消すための散水用配管）１０を送気用配管８，９とバルブを介して接続し、消泡水として供給されている上水あるいは処理水を送気用配管８，９から注水する方法で行うことができる。この方法によれば配管及び散気装置２の全体を上水あるいは処理水で満たすことができるので、散気装置２の内部に水深相当のヘッドをかけることができ、槽内水の逆流を完全に防止することができる。この場合、配管途中に４０メッシュ以上のストレーナを設置して処理水中の異物やＳＳを除去し、散気板の目詰まりを防止することが好ましい。   Water injection is supplied as defoamed water, for example, by connecting an existing defoaming water pipe (sprinkling pipe for extinguishing the surface foam of the reaction tank) 10 to the air supply pipes 8 and 9 via a valve. Water or treated water can be poured from the air supply pipes 8 and 9. According to this method, since the entire piping and the diffuser 2 can be filled with clean water or treated water, a head corresponding to the water depth can be applied to the interior of the diffuser 2, and the reverse flow of the water in the tank is completely completed. Can be prevented. In this case, it is preferable to install a strainer of 40 mesh or more in the middle of the piping to remove foreign matter and SS in the treated water and prevent clogging of the diffuser plate.

しかし必ずしも送気用配管８，９の全体を水で満たす必要はなく、別系統の注水配管を設置して散気装置２の部分のみに上水あるいは処理水を注水することも可能である。   However, it is not always necessary to fill the entire air supply pipes 8 and 9 with water, and it is possible to install water injection pipes of different systems and inject clean water or treated water only to the air diffuser 2.

上記した本発明の目詰まり防止方法によれば、使用を停止中の散気装置２の目詰まりを確実に防止することができるので、従来のように目詰まり防止を目的として常に所定量以上の送気を行う必要がなくなり、複数ブロックに分割配置した散気装置２のうち、特定ブロックの散気装置２のみを運転し、残りのブロックに属する散気装置２の内部には上水あるいは処理水を注水して運転を停止しておくことができる。このため処理水量が少ない場合の過剰散気をなくすることができ、散気用送風機の動力費の節減や、過剰散気による無酸素槽への持込酸素量の上昇などのトラブルを回避することができる。   According to the clogging prevention method of the present invention described above, clogging of the diffuser 2 that is not in use can be surely prevented, so that the clogging prevention method is always more than a predetermined amount for the purpose of preventing clogging as in the past. There is no need to perform air supply, and only the air diffuser 2 of a specific block among the air diffusers 2 divided and arranged in a plurality of blocks is operated. The operation can be stopped by pouring water. For this reason, excessive aeration can be eliminated when the amount of treated water is small, and troubles such as a reduction in the power cost of the blower for aeration and an increase in the amount of oxygen brought into the oxygen-free tank due to excessive aeration are avoided. be able to.

下水を活性汚泥処理する水深が５ｍの反応タンク（曝気槽）の底面１を１：２の面積比に区画し、それぞれ４１枚と７４枚の散気板を配置した。各散気板の１枚あたりの設計送気量は２０〜４０Ｌ/分である。それぞれ一方のブロックのみに送風し、他方のブロックは送風を停止して処理水で満たす方法で運転を行った。   A bottom surface 1 of a reaction tank (aeration tank) having a water depth of 5 m for treating activated sewage with sewage was partitioned into an area ratio of 1: 2, and 41 and 74 diffuser plates were arranged, respectively. The design air supply amount per sheet of each air diffuser is 20 to 40 L / min. The operation was performed in such a manner that only one block was blown, and the other block was stopped and filled with treated water.

全部の散気板に最低でも２０Ｌ/分の送気を必要としていた従来法では、送風量は２.３ｍ３／分以上となる。これに対して１/３のブロックに送気した場合、２/３のブロックに送気した場合では、最低送気量は０.８２ｍ３／分、１.４８ｍ３／分となり、より低風量での運転が可能となる。 In the conventional method in which all of the air diffusers require air supply of at least 20 L / min, the air flow rate is 2.3 m 3 / min or more. If you air into blocks of 1/3 contrast, in the case where the air in the block of 2/3, minimum feed amount is 0.82 3 / min, it is 1.48m 3 / min, more Teikazeryou It becomes possible to drive at.

送気停止側の散気装置内部への槽内水の逆流はなく、散気再開時にも目詰まりは全くなかった。なお、散気再開時には圧縮空気を送気用配管から供給すれば、内部の水は散気板を通じて押し出される。   There was no backflow of the water in the tank into the air diffuser on the air supply stop side, and there was no clogging even when the air diffused again. In addition, if compressed air is supplied from the piping for air supply at the time of resuming aeration, water inside will be pushed out through a diffusion plate.

本発明の実施形態を説明するための反応タンクの平面図である。It is a top view of the reaction tank for demonstrating embodiment of this invention. 反応タンクの垂直断面図である。It is a vertical sectional view of a reaction tank. 散気装置の拡大断面図である。It is an expanded sectional view of a diffuser.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

１ 反応タンク
２ 散気装置
３ 角型パイプ
４ 散気板
５ パッキン
６ 固定金具
７ 貫通孔
８ 送気用配管
９ 送気用配管
１０ 消泡水用配管 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Reaction tank 2 Air diffuser 3 Square pipe 4 Air diffuser plate 5 Packing 6 Fixing bracket 7 Through hole 8 Air supply piping 9 Air supply piping 10 Defoamed water piping

Claims (5)

反応タンク内に設置された散気板式の散気装置のうち、使用を停止中の散気装置の内部に上水あるいは処理水を注水し、散気板の目詰まりを防止することを特徴とする散気装置の目詰まり防止方法。   Among the diffuser plate type diffuser installed in the reaction tank, it is characterized by pouring clean water or treated water into the diffuser that is not in use to prevent clogging of the diffuser plate To prevent clogging of the diffuser. 散気装置とともに散気装置への送気用配管の内部をも上水あるいは処理水で満たすことを特徴とする請求項１記載の散気装置の目詰まり防止方法。   2. The method for preventing clogging of an air diffuser according to claim 1, wherein the interior of the air supply pipe to the air diffuser is filled with clean water or treated water together with the air diffuser. 反応タンク内に散気板式の散気装置を複数ブロックに分割配置して送気用配管を別系統としておき、特定ブロックの散気装置に送気する一方、残りのブロックに属する散気装置の内部には上水あるいは処理水を注水し、散気板の目詰まりを防止することを特徴とする散気装置の運転方法。   In the reaction tank, diffuser plate diffusers are divided into multiple blocks and the air supply piping is set as a separate system to supply air to the air diffuser of a specific block, while the air diffusers belonging to the remaining blocks A method of operating an air diffuser characterized by pouring clean water or treated water inside to prevent clogging of the diffuser plate. 散気装置を、反応タンク底部面積の１/３のブロックと、２/３のブロックとに分割配置することを特徴とする請求項３記載の散気装置の運転方法。   4. The method of operating an air diffuser according to claim 3, wherein the air diffuser is divided into 1/3 blocks and 2/3 blocks of the reaction tank bottom area. 散気装置を、反応タンク底部面積の１/２のブロックずつに分割配置し、定期的に送気するブロックを替えることを特徴とする請求項３記載の散気装置の運転方法。
4. The method of operating an air diffuser according to claim 3, wherein the air diffuser is divided and arranged in blocks of 1/2 of the reaction tank bottom area, and the block for periodically supplying air is changed.
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