JP2006261749A - Antenna device - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain an antenna device capable of achieving simplification of a structure and thickness-reduction by reducing the asymmetry of an emission pattern without generating an unwanted emission. <P>SOLUTION: The antenna device is provided with a grounding conductor plate 1, a dielectric substrate 2 provided on the grounding conductor plate 1, a conductor piece 3 provided on the dielectric substrate 2 and having a slot 4, and a coaxial line 5 provided on the conductor piece 3 and feeding power to the slot 4. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a power feeding method for an antenna device (patch antenna) used for a receiving antenna for satellite communication or the like.

  FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of a conventional patch antenna of a coplanar power feeding system (see, for example, Non-Patent Document 1). 5A is a plan view, FIG. 5B is a cross-sectional view of the central portion, and an arrow in the cross-sectional view indicates the direction of the electric field.

  A conventional patch antenna includes a ground conductor plate 1, a dielectric substrate 2 provided on the ground conductor plate 1, a patch 3 provided on a surface facing the ground conductor plate 1 across the dielectric substrate 2, and a microstrip. Line 9 is provided.

  A thin patch antenna having a simple structure is configured by configuring the feeding system including the patch 3 and the microstrip line 9 on the same plane.

  FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a configuration of another conventional patch antenna of an electromagnetic coupling type feeding system (for example, see Non-Patent Document 1). 6A is a plan view, FIG. 6B is a cross-sectional view of the central portion, and an arrow in the cross-sectional view indicates the direction of the electric field.

  Another conventional patch antenna is provided on the ground conductor plate 1, dielectric substrates 2 and 10 provided on the front and back surfaces of the ground conductor plate 1, and a surface facing the ground conductor plate 1 across the dielectric substrate 2. A patch 3, a slot 4, a microstrip line 9, and a reflecting plate 11 are provided.

  Power is supplied from the microstrip line 9 to the slot 4 provided in the ground conductor plate 1 by electromagnetic coupling, and the radio wave radiated from the slot 4 is electromagnetically coupled to the patch 3 provided on the surface facing the microstrip line 9 to obtain a desired value. It emits radio waves of frequency. Since the power feeding system is electrically non-contact, assembly is easy. Further, since the slot can be installed on the line where the electric field = 0, the asymmetry of the radiation pattern does not occur.

Supervised by Osamu Haneishi “Latest Planar Antenna Technology”, General Technology Center, 1993, p15-p16, p73-p74

  In the conventional patch antenna shown in FIG. 5, since the microstrip line 9 exists in the same direction as the electric field, the radio wave radiated from the patch 3 is coupled to the microstrip line 9 and the radiation pattern becomes asymmetric. There was a point.

  In addition, when a high reception sensitivity (G / T) is required, such as a receiving antenna for satellite communication, it is necessary to install an amplifier circuit or the like as close to the patch as possible in order to reduce the loss of the feeding system. In this case, asymmetry occurs in the radiation pattern, and installation is difficult.

  In the other conventional patch antenna shown in FIG. 6, the radiation equivalent to the radiation from the slot 4 to the patch 3 is directed to the antenna back surface (microstrip line 9) side, which becomes unnecessary radiation, and is reflected on the back surface. It is necessary to provide the plate 11 and the cavity, and there is a problem that the assembly is complicated and the size is increased.

  Further, in the conventional electromagnetic coupling type feeding method, when the thickness of the dielectric substrate 2 is increased, the amount of coupling from the slot 4 to the patch 3 decreases, the patch 3 cannot be excited, and the antenna does not operate. There was also.

  The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and an object of the present invention is to reduce the asymmetry of the radiation pattern and to simplify and reduce the thickness of the structure without causing unnecessary radiation. Get the device.

  The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and its object is to greatly improve the loss of the feed system and to improve the reception sensitivity (G / T) of the antenna. An antenna device that can be obtained is obtained.

  Furthermore, the present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and an object of the present invention is to obtain an antenna device capable of realizing broadband characteristics.

  The antenna device according to the present invention includes a ground conductor plate, a dielectric substrate provided on the ground conductor plate, a conductor piece provided on the dielectric substrate, having a slot, and provided on the conductor piece. A coaxial line for supplying power to the slot is provided.

  The antenna device according to the present invention can reduce the asymmetry of the radiation pattern, simplify the structure and reduce the thickness without causing unnecessary radiation, greatly improve the loss of the feeding system, and receive the antenna. An improvement in sensitivity (G / T) can be achieved, and further, wideband characteristics can be realized.

Embodiment 1 FIG.
An antenna apparatus according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a configuration of an antenna device (top feed antenna) according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. 1A is a plan view seen from above, FIG. 1B is a cross-sectional view of the central portion (horizontal axis direction) of FIG. 1A, and FIG.

  1, the antenna device according to Embodiment 1 includes a ground conductor plate 1, a dielectric substrate 2 provided on the ground conductor plate 1, and a surface facing the ground conductor plate 1 with the dielectric substrate 2 interposed therebetween. Are provided with a patch (conductor piece) 3, a slot 4 provided in the patch 3, and a coaxial line 5.

  In the first embodiment, a slot 4 is provided on the upper surface of the patch 3, and power is directly supplied to the slot 4 through a coaxial line 5. More specifically, the inner conductor of the coaxial line 5 is connected to the upper surface of the patch 3 across the slot 4 on the upper surface of the patch 3. In FIG. 1, all the coaxial lines 5 are drawn with the same thickness, but the coaxial line 5 straddling the slot 4 shown in FIG. 1B is drawn with the inner conductor, and the outer conductor of the coaxial line 5 is drawn otherwise. It is. Since power is supplied to the slot 4 on the upper surface of the patch 3, unnecessary radiation does not occur on the rear surface of the antenna, no countermeasures such as a reflector are required, and the structure can be simplified and thinned.

  Further, by providing the slot 4 at a position where the electric field = 0 in the central portion of the patch 3 and feeding the coaxial line 5 for feeding power to the slot 4 along the line of the electric field = 0, the asymmetry of the radiation pattern Can be reduced.

  That is, in the antenna device according to the first embodiment, in the patch antenna in which the dielectric substrate 2 is bonded on the ground conductor plate 1 and the conductor piece 3 is provided thereon, the slot 4 is formed on the upper surface of the conductor piece 3. And is excited from the slot 4.

Embodiment 2. FIG.
An antenna device according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a configuration of an antenna apparatus (a top-surface feed antenna having an amplifier circuit provided on the top surface of a patch) according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention. 2, (a) is a plan view seen from above, (b) is a cross-sectional view of the central portion (horizontal axis direction) of (a), and (c) is a side view.

  2, the antenna device according to the second embodiment includes a grounding conductor plate 1, a dielectric substrate 2 provided on the grounding conductor plate 1, and a surface facing the grounding conductor plate 1 with the dielectric substrate 2 interposed therebetween. A patch 3 provided in the patch 3, a slot 4 provided in the patch 3, a coaxial line 5, an amplifier circuit 6 provided on the top surface of the patch 3, and a feed line 7 that feeds power from the amplifier circuit 6 to the slot 4. Yes.

  In the second embodiment, in the top-fed patch antenna of the first embodiment, by providing the amplifier circuit 6 in the vicinity of the slot 4, the length of the feed line 7 becomes almost zero and the line loss can be greatly reduced. Antenna reception sensitivity (G / T) can be improved. Also, by providing the amplifier circuit 6 near the center of the patch 3 where the electric field is not concentrated, it is possible to reduce the asymmetry of the radiation pattern.

  That is, in the antenna device according to the second embodiment, in the patch antenna in which the dielectric substrate 2 is bonded on the ground conductor plate 1 and the conductor piece 3 is provided thereon, the slot 4 is formed on the upper surface of the conductor piece 3. And an excitation circuit 6, a transmission circuit, a reception circuit, and the like are provided in the vicinity of the power supply section on the upper surface of the slot.

Embodiment 3 FIG.
An antenna apparatus according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a configuration of an antenna apparatus (a top-feed antenna having a non-excitation element on the top) according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention. 3, (a) is a plan view seen from above, (b) is a sectional view of the central portion (horizontal axis direction) of (a), and (c) is a side view.

  In FIG. 3, the antenna device according to the third embodiment includes a grounding conductor plate 1, a dielectric substrate 2 provided on the grounding conductor plate 1, and a surface facing the grounding conductor plate 1 with the dielectric substrate 2 interposed therebetween. Are provided with a patch 3, a slot 4 provided in the patch 3, a coaxial line 5, and a non-excitation element 8 stacked on the upper surface of the patch 3.

  In the third embodiment, widening can be realized by stacking the non-excitation element 8 on the upper surface of the top-fed patch antenna of the first embodiment.

  That is, in the antenna device according to the third embodiment, in the patch antenna in which the dielectric substrate 2 is bonded on the ground conductor plate 1 and the conductor piece 3 is provided thereon, the slot 4 is formed on the upper surface of the conductor piece 3. And a single layer or a plurality of layers of non-excitation elements 8 having substantially the same resonance frequency as the patch antenna with a space on the upper surface of the patch antenna or a layer having a low dielectric constant. .

Embodiment 4 FIG.
An antenna device according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a configuration of an antenna apparatus (a top-surface feeding antenna that feeds power from the back side through a through hole provided on a central axis in a direction perpendicular to a line segment of electric field = 0) according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention. is there. 4, (a) is a plan view seen from above, (b) is a cross-sectional view of the central portion (horizontal axis direction) of (a), and (c) is a central portion (vertical axis direction) of (a). It is sectional drawing.

  In FIG. 4, the antenna device according to the fourth embodiment includes a ground conductor plate 1, a dielectric substrate 2 provided on the ground conductor plate 1, and a surface facing the ground conductor plate 1 with the dielectric substrate 2 interposed therebetween. Are provided with a patch 3, a slot 4 provided in the patch 3, and a coaxial line 5.

  In the fourth embodiment, since the power can be fed from the back surface of the patch antenna through the through hole in the top-fed patch antenna of the first embodiment, the feeding line can be easily routed, and the efficiency is improved when the patch antenna is arrayed. Can be arranged.

  That is, in the antenna device according to the fourth embodiment, in the patch antenna in which the dielectric substrate 2 is bonded onto the ground conductor plate 1 and the conductor piece 3 is provided thereon, the slot 4 is formed on the upper surface of the conductor piece 3. In addition, the patch antenna power source, seed signal, etc. are passed through a through hole provided in the center of the conductor piece 3 in the direction perpendicular to the line segment of the electric field (= 0) of the slot. It is supplied from the back side.

  In the array antenna in which a large number of patch antennas according to any of the first to fourth embodiments are arranged, a conductor band provided between the element antennas on an axis perpendicular to the line segment of the electric field (= 0) of the slot. An array antenna may be formed by providing a line for coupling and supplying power, a seed signal, and the like on the conductor band.

It is a figure which shows the structure of the antenna apparatus (top surface feeding antenna) which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a figure which shows the structure of the antenna apparatus (upper surface feed antenna which provided the amplifier circuit in the patch upper surface) based on Embodiment 2 of this invention. It is a figure which shows the structure of the antenna apparatus (The upper surface feed antenna which provided the non-excitation element in the upper part) which concerns on Embodiment 3 of this invention. It is a figure which shows the structure of the antenna apparatus (The upper surface electric power feeding antenna which feeds from the back side through the hole provided on the central axis of the direction perpendicular | vertical to the direction perpendicular | vertical to the line segment of an electric field = 0) based on Embodiment 4 of this invention. It is a figure which shows the structure of the conventional patch antenna of a coplanar electric power feeding system. It is a figure which shows the structure of another conventional patch antenna of an electromagnetic coupling type electric power feeding system.

Explanation of symbols

  1 grounding conductor plate, 2 dielectric substrate, 3 patch, 4 slot, 5 coaxial line, 6 amplifying circuit, 7 feed line, 8 non-excited element.

Claims (5)

A grounding conductor plate;
A dielectric substrate provided on the ground conductor plate;
A conductor piece provided on the dielectric substrate and having a slot;
An antenna device comprising: a coaxial line provided on the conductor piece and supplying power to the slot. The antenna device according to claim 1, wherein a circuit for improving reception sensitivity is provided in the vicinity of the slot. The antenna device according to claim 1, further comprising a non-excitation element provided on an upper portion of the conductor piece. The coaxial line is passed through the lower side of the ground conductor plate through a through hole provided at the center on the conductor piece in a direction perpendicular to a line segment in which the electric field of the slot is zero. 2. The antenna device according to 2 or 3. 5. An array type antenna device in which a large number of antenna devices according to claim 1 are arranged, wherein the element antennas are provided on an axis in a direction perpendicular to a line segment in which the electric field of the slot is zero. An antenna device, wherein the antenna device is coupled by a conductor band, and a feed line is provided on the conductor band.

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