JP2006248337A - Roof installing type air conditioner for vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To increase air capacity to a condenser 22 by effectively using ram pressure in travelling and to secure the air capacity to the condenser 22 even in car stopping suction. <P>SOLUTION: A second inlet port 45 to take in cooling air to the condenser 22 is roughly vertically opened on the rear side of the vehicle of a unit case 21, an adjustable door 51 to open and close the second inlet port 45 is provided, and the adjustable door 51 takes in the cooling air by opening the second inlet port 45 by its suction force when the suction force of a fan 23 is stronger and closes the second inlet port 45 by travelling air when the travelling air flowing in from a first inlet port 41 is stronger. Consequently, it is possible to increase the air capacity to effectively using the ram pressure as the adjustable door 51 closes the second inlet port 45 by the travelling air in travelling and to secure the air capacity to the condenser as the adjustable door 51 opens the second inlet port 45 by suction force of the fan 23 in the car stopping suction. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a vehicle roof-mounted air conditioner that includes a condensing unit that is mounted on a flat roof such as a bus vehicle.

First, the applicant can reduce the size of the condensing unit in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle and make it compact, and effectively use the ram pressure when the vehicle travels to reduce the intake air volume of the condenser. Patent Document 1 below discloses a roof-mounted air conditioner for a vehicle that can increase, reduce the discharge pressure of the compressor, and significantly reduce the load power applied to the vehicle engine by increasing the coefficient of performance (COP) of the compressor. The vehicle roof-mounted air conditioner shown is proposed.
JP 2003-320841 A

  9A and 9B are schematic cross-sectional views of a condensing unit portion 1A according to a conventional embodiment that employs the structure shown in Patent Document 1. FIG. 9A shows a state when the vehicle is stopped and FIG. 9B shows a state when the vehicle is running. . FIG. 1A is a graph showing the relationship between the vehicle speed and the condenser air volume in the condensing unit 1A of FIG.

  As shown in FIG. 9, conventionally, there is a gap S between the roof 2 and the lower end of the unit case 21 on the vehicle rear side. For this reason, the clearance S also serves as a cooling air suction port when the vehicle stops and sucks, and the air volume to the condenser 22 can be secured. However, the traveling air escapes from the clearance S during traveling and the air volume to the condenser 22 does not rise as expected, and the ram There is a problem that pressure cannot be used effectively.

  FIG. 11 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a condensing unit portion 1A in another conventional embodiment adopting the structure shown in Patent Document 1, and FIG. 12 is a graph showing the relationship between the vehicle speed and the condenser air volume in FIG. It is.

  This is a structure in which the above-described gap S is eliminated. However, as shown in the graph of FIG. 12, since the running wind does not escape from the gap during running, the air volume to the capacitor 22 increases and the ram pressure becomes effective. However, there is a problem in that the amount of air flow to the condenser 22 is reduced because the cooling air is taken in only by the suction port 41 on the front side of the vehicle at the time of sucking the stop.

  The present invention has been made in view of these problems of the prior art. The purpose of the present invention is to increase the air volume to the condenser by effectively utilizing the ram pressure during traveling, and to reduce the air volume to the condenser even during stop suction. The object is to provide a roof-mounted air conditioner for a vehicle that can be secured. Note that reference numerals not described in FIGS. 9 and 11 correspond to reference numerals in the embodiments of the present invention described later, and thus description thereof is omitted here.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention employs technical means described in claims 1 to 5. That is, the invention according to claim 1 is an air conditioner including a condensing unit portion (1A) mounted on a flat roof (2) such as a bus vehicle,
The condensing unit portion (1A) has a first suction port (41) that opens toward the vehicle front side at one end and a blowout port (42) that opens toward the vehicle upper side at the other end. A unit case (21) forming a passage;
A condenser (22) disposed in the middle of the air passage and arranged with the vehicle front side higher than the vehicle rear side;
In the vehicle roof-mounted air conditioner, which is provided in the air passage above the condenser (22) and has ventilation means (23) for circulating cooling air through the condenser (22).
On the vehicle rear side of the unit case (21), a second suction port (45) for taking in cooling air to the condenser (22) is opened substantially vertically,
Providing a free door means (51) for opening and closing the second suction port (45);
When the suction force of the ventilating means (23) is superior, the free door means (51) opens the second suction port (45) by the suction force and takes in the cooling air,
When the traveling wind flowing in from the first suction port (41) wins, the second suction port (45) is closed by the traveling wind.

  According to the first aspect of the present invention, during traveling, the universal door means (51) closes the second suction port (45) by the traveling wind, and effectively uses the ram pressure to increase the air volume to the condenser (22). In addition, when the vehicle is sucked while the vehicle is stopped, the universal door means (51) can secure the air volume to the condenser (22) by opening the second suction port (45) by the suction force of the ventilation means (23). A type air conditioner can be provided.

  Further, the invention according to claim 2 is characterized in that in the vehicle roof-mounted air conditioner according to claim 1, a flexible thin plate (510) is used as the universal door means (51). As the flexible thin plate (510) constituting the universal door means (51), for example, a resin sheet is hung inside the second suction port (45). According to the second aspect of the present invention, it is possible to secure the air volume to the condenser (22) both during traveling and when the vehicle is stopped and sucked by such a simple method. Cost can be reduced.

  According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the vehicle roof-mounted air conditioner according to the first aspect, as the universal door means (51), in a substantially horizontal direction along the lower end of the second suction port (45). It has a rotating shaft (523) and is characterized in that it is a free door means (520) that is inclined to open from the upper end side of the second suction port (45) to the inside of the unit case (21).

  Even with such a structure, the flexible door means (520) closes the second suction port (45) by the traveling wind during traveling, and the flexible door means (520) is second by the suction force of the ventilation means (23) during stoppage suction. The suction opening (45) can be opened.

  According to the third aspect of the present invention, by providing such a simple universal door means (520), it is possible to secure the air volume to the condenser (22) both during traveling and during stoppage suction. Since neither an actuator for driving the universal door means (520) nor a control device for controlling opening and closing is required, the cost of the roof-mounted air conditioner for the vehicle can be reduced.

  According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the vehicle roof-mounted air conditioner according to the first aspect, as the universal door means (51), in a substantially horizontal direction along the upper end of the second suction port (45). A plate portion (531) having a rotation shaft (533) and opening from the lower end side of the second suction port (45) to the inside of the unit case (21) and closing the second suction port (45) in a windless state. ) Is a free door means (530) that balances the posture between the fully open state and the fully closed state by its own weight.

  Even with such a structure, the universal door means (530) closes the second suction port (45) by the traveling wind during traveling, and the universal door means (530) is second due to the suction force of the ventilation means (23) during stoppage suction. The suction opening (45) can be opened.

  According to the invention described in claim 4, by providing such a simple universal door means (530), it is possible to ensure the air volume to the condenser (22) during traveling and during stoppage suction, Since neither an actuator for driving the universal door means (530) nor a control device for controlling opening and closing is required, the cost of the roof-mounted air conditioner for vehicles can be reduced.

  Moreover, in invention of Claim 5, in the vehicle roof mounted | worn air conditioning apparatus as described in any one of Claim 1 thru | or 4, a universal door means (51) has a 2nd inlet (45). A buffer member (52) is provided between the free door means (51) and the second suction port (45) when closing.

  According to the fifth aspect of the present invention, it is possible to eliminate a sound generated when the universal door means (51) closes the second suction port (45). Incidentally, the reference numerals in parentheses of the above means are examples showing the correspondence with the specific means described in the embodiments described later.

(First embodiment)
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a bus vehicle showing a schematic configuration of a vehicle roof mounted air conditioner according to an embodiment of the present invention in a vehicle mounted state, and FIG. 2 is a diagram of the vehicle roof mounted air conditioner of FIG. It is a perspective view which shows schematic structure of 1 A of condensing unit parts, and the cooling unit part 1B, and shows the state which removed the cover.

  The air conditioning of this bus vehicle is performed by combining a cooling unit (vehicle roof-mounted air conditioner) 1 mounted on a flat roof 2, a heating unit 3, and a driver seat heating unit (not shown). First, in FIG. 1, the heating unit 3 includes a heater core 5 that uses cooling water of a traveling engine (not shown) as a heat source, a blower (not shown), and a hot air duct 7 that forms a flow path of air heated by the previous heater core 5. It is arranged under the floor of the bus vehicle.

  The hot air duct 7 is disposed on each of the left and right sides of the vehicle and extends in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle, and the heater cores 5 are disposed on both ends of the warm air duct 7 in the longitudinal direction. Further, the hot air duct 7 is formed with a plurality of hot air outlets 7a from which hot air is blown out toward the passenger's feet in the passenger compartment.

  Next, the cooling unit 1 is a known cooling unit (vehicle air conditioner) including a condenser (refrigerant condenser) 22, an expansion valve (not shown), an evaporator (a refrigerant evaporator and cooling heat exchanger) 13, and the like. In this embodiment, it is arranged on the roof 2 of the bus vehicle 2 as a roof-mounted type.

  The refrigeration cycle constituting the cooling unit 1 is a well-known one used in a vehicle air conditioner. Each refrigeration unit includes a compressor (refrigerant compressor) 4, a condenser 22, a receiver / dryer / expansion valve (not shown), and an evaporator 13. It is configured by connecting the devices in an annular shape by refrigerant piping.

  The compressor 4 is disposed under the rear floor of the bus vehicle, and is driven from a travel engine (not shown) via an electromagnetic clutch. (See FIG. 1). The condenser 22 condenses the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant compressed by the compressor 4. A receiver is arrange | positioned at the refrigerant | coolant outflow side of the capacitor | condenser 22, and flows out a liquid phase refrigerant | coolant among the refrigerant | coolants which flowed out from the capacitor | condenser 22 toward an expansion valve. Further, the receiver adjusts the amount of refrigerant circulating in the refrigeration cycle by separating the liquid-phase refrigerant and the gas-phase refrigerant and storing a predetermined amount of refrigerant in the receiver.

  On the liquid-phase refrigerant outflow side of the receiver, a sight glass (not shown) for viewing the excess or deficiency of the refrigerant and an expansion valve constituting a refrigerant decompression device are arranged. This expansion valve is a temperature type, and its opening degree is adjusted in accordance with the refrigerant temperature on the refrigerant outflow side of the evaporator 13.

  Specifically, a temperature sensing cylinder for sensing the refrigerant temperature is arranged on the refrigerant outflow side of the evaporator 13 to increase the valve opening when the refrigerant temperature (cooling load) is high, and when the refrigerant temperature (cooling load) is low. The valve opening is reduced. An evaporator 13 is disposed on the refrigerant outflow side of the expansion valve to evaporate the liquid-phase refrigerant that has been decompressed to low temperature and low pressure.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the cooling unit 1 includes a condensing unit portion 1A and a cooling unit portion 1B that are integrally formed, and these both unit portions are arranged adjacent to each other in the front-rear direction of the vehicle. The condensing unit portion 1A includes a capacitor 22 and a capacitor fan 23 that blows outside air to the capacitor 22, and the details will be described later.

  In addition, the cooling unit 1B has introduced an inside / outside air switching unit 12 and an evaporator 13, which selectively introduce air in the vehicle interior (inside air) or air outside the vehicle interior (outside air) into the air conditioning case 11 through an inside / outside air switching door (not shown). A blower (air blowing means) 14 for blowing air into the vehicle interior after passing through the evaporator 13 is formed.

  First, the inside / outside air switching unit 12 that switches between inside air and outside air automatically switches between the inside air mode and the outside air mode based on whether or not the outside air is dirty, that is, the output of an outside gas sensor (not shown) that detects the cleanliness of the outside air. Can be switched. And the air ventilated by the blower 14 to the evaporator 13 is cooled by heat exchange with the low-temperature refrigerant when passing through the evaporator 13.

  And the air which passed the evaporator 13 is supplied to the cold wind duct 6 (refer FIG. 1) in a vehicle interior. The cold air duct 6 is disposed on each of the left and right sides of the vehicle and extends in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle. Further, the cold air duct 6 is formed with a plurality of cold air outlets 6a from which cold air is blown toward the passenger's head in the passenger compartment space.

  Next, the condensing unit portion 1A will be described. 3A is a plan view of the condensing unit 1A, and FIG. 3B is a side sectional view thereof. In the condensing unit portion 1A, a capacitor 22 and a capacitor fan 23, which will be described later, are provided. The condensing unit portion 1 </ b> A mainly includes a unit case 21 and a unit cover 25 that covers the unit case 21.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the unit cover 25 includes a first suction port 41 that is largely open toward the front side of the vehicle, and four outlets 42 that are open toward the upper side of the vehicle. Is provided. The first suction port 41 is provided with a net 44 so as to cover the opening, and large foreign matters carried along with the traveling wind are captured by the net 44 and enter the condenser room. Blocking.

  Grills 43 are attached to the four outlets 42. Therefore, the unit cover 25 has a structure in which the front is opened and the rear and both sides are closed with respect to the longitudinal direction of the vehicle. In the unit case 21, a condenser fan (ventilating means) 23 including a thin condenser 22, four multi-blade axial fans (propeller fans) 23a, and an electric motor 23b that drives the condenser 22 is attached.

  A shroud 46 is formed in the unit case 21 so as to surround the condenser fan 23. The unit case 21 is provided with three frames 31 extending in the front-rear direction of the vehicle for attaching the condensing unit portion 1A and the cooling unit portion 1B. The vehicle is mounted so as to be inclined from the front to the rear of the vehicle.

  Considering the relationship between the installation height of the air conditioner and the amount of air sucked into the condenser 22, the inclination angle is preferably in the range of approximately 6 to 12 degrees. The capacitor 22 is not particularly limited in its type, but generally a thin plate fin and tube heat exchanger is suitable.

  The unit case 21 is provided with four sets of two attachment members 32 in a set in the front-rear direction of the vehicle, and the condenser fan 23 is attached to each of the four sets of attachment members 32. . A multiblade axial fan 23 a is rotatably attached to the rotating shaft of the condenser fan 23. The condenser fan 23 is disposed corresponding to each of the four outlets 42 of the unit cover 25, and is installed directly above the condenser 22 and horizontally with respect to the flat roof of the vehicle.

  Furthermore, the condensing unit portion 1A and the cooling unit portion 1B integrated by the frame 31 are mounted and fixed to the roof of the vehicle by a vehicle frame 34 interposed between the frame 31 and the roof 2. That is, the frame 31 is attached to the vehicle frame 34.

  The vehicle frame 34 has substantially the same length as the frame 31, and a foreign matter discharge notch 34 a is formed at a position near the vehicle rear side of the capacitor 22. This notch 34a is formed by dividing the vehicle frame 34 into two parts and arranging them with a gap (notch) therebetween. Accordingly, small foreign matters accumulated in the capacitor room and upstream of the core of the capacitor 22 can be excluded from the cutouts 34 a of the vehicle frame 34.

  In the condensing unit portion 1A configured as described above, the air flow sucked from the first suction port 41 in front of the unit cover 25 passes through the condenser 22 and is provided with four outlets 42 above the unit cover 25. Is blown upward. In this case, by disposing the condenser fan 23 directly above the condenser 22, the dimensions of the condensing unit portion 1A in the front-rear direction of the vehicle can be shortened.

  Further, by arranging the thin capacitor 22 in an inclined manner and disposing the capacitor fan 23 directly above the thin capacitor 22, the space can be used effectively and the height of the condensing unit portion 1A can be kept low. Further, by opening the front side of the unit cover 25 and inclining the condenser 22 with respect to the vehicle front-rear direction, the ram pressure generated when the vehicle travels can be used effectively, and the air taken in by the ram pressure is condensed into the condensing unit section. The air can be sent to the capacitor 22 without escaping to the outside of 1A, and the suction air volume of the capacitor 22 increases.

  As a result, the discharge pressure of the compressor 4 can be reduced, and the coefficient of performance (COP) of the compressor 4 can be increased, so that the load power applied to the engine of the vehicle can be greatly reduced. Further, since the net 44 is provided in the first suction port 41 of the capacitor 22 and the notch 34a is provided in the vehicle frame 34, a large foreign matter is captured by the net 44 and is a relatively small foreign matter not captured by the net 44. Is discharged from the notch 34a by the traveling wind, and thus has a structure capable of preventing the performance of the capacitor 22 from being deteriorated.

  Next, the characteristic structure of the main part of the present invention in this embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. 4 and FIG. 4A and 4B are schematic cross-sectional views of the condensing unit portion 1A according to the first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 4A shows a state when the vehicle is stopped and FIG. 5 is an enlarged schematic cross-sectional view showing the vicinity of the second suction port 45 of FIG. 4, where (a) shows the state during the stop suction and (b) shows the state during running. FIG. 6 is a graph showing the relationship between the vehicle speed and the condenser air volume, and shows the effect of the present invention over the prior art (FIGS. 10 and 12).

  First, on the vehicle rear side of the unit case 21, a second suction port 45 for taking in cooling air to the condenser 22 is opened substantially vertically. Along with this, a universal door (universal door means) 51 for opening and closing the second suction port 45 is provided. When the suction force of the condenser fan 23 is won, the free door 51 opens the second suction port 45 by the suction force to take in cooling air, and when the running wind flowing from the first suction port 41 wins, The second suction port 45 is closed by the traveling wind.

  According to this, the free door 51 closes the second suction port 45 by the traveling wind during traveling, and the air volume to the condenser 22 can be increased by effectively utilizing the ram pressure, and freely by the suction force of the condenser fan 23 during the stop suction. When the door 51 opens the second suction port 45, the air volume to the capacitor 22 can be secured.

  In this embodiment, a resin sheet 510 is used as the free door 51. This is, for example, a resin sheet hung inside the second suction port 45 as the flexible thin plate 510 constituting the universal door 51. According to this, with such a simple method, it is possible to ensure the air volume to the condenser 22 during traveling and when the vehicle is stopped and sucked, and it is possible to suppress the cost of the vehicle roof-mounted air conditioner.

  Further, a packing (buffer member) 52 is provided between the flexible door 51 and the second suction port 45 when the flexible door 51 closes the second suction port 45. According to this, it is possible to eliminate the sound generated when the free door 51 closes the second suction port 45.

(Second Embodiment)
FIGS. 7A and 7B are enlarged schematic cross-sectional views showing the vicinity of the second suction port 45 in the second embodiment of the present invention, where FIG. As a feature different from the first embodiment described above, the universal door 51 has a pivot shaft 523 in a substantially horizontal direction along the lower end of the second suction port 45, and the unit case 21 from the upper end side of the second suction port 45. The free door 520 is inclined to the inside.

  Even with such a structure, the universal door 520 closes the second suction port 45 by the traveling wind during traveling, and the universal door 520 opens the second suction port 45 by the suction force of the condenser fan 23 when the vehicle is stopped. it can. According to this, by providing such a simple free door 520, it is possible to secure the air volume to the condenser 22 during travel and when the vehicle is stopped and sucked, and the actuator that drives the free door 520 also controls opening and closing. Since a control device is also unnecessary, the cost of the vehicle roof-mounted air conditioner can be reduced.

(Third embodiment)
FIG. 8 is an enlarged schematic cross-sectional view showing the vicinity of the second suction port 45 in the third embodiment of the present invention, where (a) is a windless state, (b) is during a stop suction, and (b) is a state during traveling. Indicates. As a feature different from each of the embodiments described above, the universal door 51 has a rotation shaft 533 in a substantially horizontal direction along the upper end of the second suction port 45, and the unit case 21 has a lower end side than the second suction port 45. A plate portion 531 for opening inward and closing the second suction port 45 in a windless state serves as a free door 530 that balances the posture between the fully open state and the fully closed state by its own weight.

  Even with such a structure, the universal door 530 closes the second suction port 45 by traveling wind when traveling, and the universal door 530 opens the second suction port 45 by the suction force of the condenser fan 23 when the vehicle is stopped. it can. According to this, by providing such a simple free door 530, it is possible to secure the air volume to the condenser 22 during travel and when the vehicle is stopped and sucked, and the actuator that drives the free door 530 also controls opening and closing. Since a control device is also unnecessary, the cost of the vehicle roof-mounted air conditioner can be reduced.

1 is a perspective view of a bus vehicle showing a schematic configuration of a vehicle roof mounted air conditioner 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention in a vehicle mounted state. It is a perspective view which shows schematic structure of the condensing unit part 1A and the cooling unit part 1B in the roof-mounted air conditioner 1 for vehicles of FIG. 1, and shows the state which removed the cover. It is (a) top view and (b) side part sectional drawing of 1 A of condensing unit parts. It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the condensing unit part 1A in 1st Embodiment of this invention, (a) shows the state at the time of driving | running | working at the time of stop attraction | suction (b). FIG. 5 is an enlarged schematic cross-sectional view showing the vicinity of the second suction port 45 in FIG. It is the graph which showed the relationship between a vehicle speed and a capacitor | condenser air volume, and shows the effect of this invention with respect to the former (FIG. 10, FIG. 12). It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram which shows the 2nd suction inlet 45 vicinity in 2nd Embodiment of this invention, (a) is at the time of stop attraction | suction, (b) shows the state at the time of driving | running | working. It is an expanded sectional schematic diagram which shows the 2nd suction opening 45 vicinity in 3rd Embodiment of this invention, (a) is a windless state, (b) is at the time of stop attraction | suction, (b) shows the state at the time of driving | running | working. It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the condensing unit part 1A in one conventional embodiment. 10 is a graph showing the relationship between the vehicle speed and the condenser air volume in the condensing unit section 1A of FIG. It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the condensing unit part 1A in other conventional embodiments. 12 is a graph showing the relationship between the vehicle speed and the condenser air volume in the condensing unit section 1A of FIG.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1A ... Condensing unit part 2 ... Roof 21 ... Unit case 22 ... Capacitor 23 ... Capacitor fan (ventilation means)
41 ... 1st suction inlet 42 ... Outlet 45 ... 2nd suction inlet 51 ... Free door (universal door means)
52 ... Packing (buffer member)
510 ... Resin sheet (flexible thin plate)
530 ... Swivel door 523 ... Rotating shaft 530 ... Swivel door 531 ... Plate part 533 ... Rotating shaft

Claims (5)

An air conditioner comprising a condensing unit (1A) mounted on a flat roof (2) such as a bus vehicle;
The condensing unit (1A) has a first suction port (41) that opens toward the vehicle front side at one end, and a blowout port (42) that opens toward the vehicle upper side at the other end. A unit case (21) forming an air passage;
A capacitor (22) disposed in the middle of the air passage and disposed with the vehicle front side higher than the vehicle rear side;
In the vehicle roof-mounted air conditioner provided with ventilation means (23) disposed in the air passage above the condenser (22) and circulating cooling air to the condenser (22),
On the vehicle rear side of the unit case (21), a second suction port (45) for taking in the cooling air to the condenser (22) is opened substantially vertically,
Providing a free door means (51) for opening and closing the second suction port (45);
When the suction force of the ventilation means (23) is superior, the universal door means (51) opens the second suction port (45) by the suction force and takes in the cooling air,
When the traveling wind flowing from the first suction port (41) wins, the second suction port (45) is closed by the traveling wind.   The roof mounted air conditioner for a vehicle according to claim 1, wherein a flexible thin plate (510) is used as the universal door means (51).   The universal door means (51) has a pivot shaft (523) in a substantially horizontal direction along the lower end of the second suction port (45), and the unit from the upper end side of the second suction port (45). The roof-mounted air conditioner for a vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that it is a free door means (520) which is inclined and opened inward of the case (21).   The universal door means (51) has a pivot shaft (533) in a substantially horizontal direction along the upper end of the second suction port (45), and the unit from the lower end side of the second suction port (45). A flexible door means that opens to the inside of the case (21) and that balances the weight of the plate portion (531) for closing the second suction port (45) between the fully open state and the fully closed state by its own weight in the absence of wind. (530) It is set as (530), The roof-mounted air conditioner for vehicles of Claim 1 characterized by the above-mentioned.   A buffer member (52) is provided between the universal door means (51) and the second suction opening (45) when the universal door means (51) closes the second suction opening (45). The roof-mounted air conditioner for a vehicle according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized by

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