JP2006242832A - System and method for measuring dimension of concrete member - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To measure a length dimension of a concrete member simply and accurately, and to record and manage data of the measured length dimension easily and quickly. <P>SOLUTION: Indicators 15, 16 each made up of a rod 22, to the head of which an spherical object 21 is firmly fixed, are disposed at respective measurement points 19, 20 on end faces 12, 13 so as to project therefrom, and the indicators 15, 16 are photographed by a plurality of imaging devices 2 in photographing directions different from each other such that the indicators 15, 16 are included in respective photographing ranges, thereby generating measurement-use images, and then image positions of the spherical objects of the indicators portrayed in a plurality of generated measurement-use images are specified, and coordinates of the measurement points 19, 20 are obtained based on the specified image positions of the spherical objects, and the angle direction of the projection and the length of the rod being measured previously, and then the length dimension between the end faces 12, 13 of the concrete member 11 is measured based on the obtained coordinates of the measurement points 19, 20. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a concrete member dimension measuring system and method.

  It is generally widely practiced to form a concrete structure by arranging a plurality of concrete members in the length direction and joining these ends together. For example, a concrete structure having a predetermined length dimension is used in a factory. Divide into sizes that can be manufactured and join them on site. Through such factory production, compared with the case where concrete structures are produced by placing concrete on site, the dimensional accuracy can be improved and a concrete member with excellent mechanical strength can be obtained. Can be manufactured.

  Examples of the concrete member manufactured at the factory include a T-girder, a box girder, a hollow floor slab, and a plate girder used for a bridge girder. By arranging a plurality of precast concrete members produced in the factory in the length direction at the site, butting the end surfaces in the length direction together, and further embedding mortar concrete etc. at the joint location as necessary, It is designed to be waterproof.

  By the way, when such a concrete member is shipped from the factory, its length dimension is accurately measured and written on a tag or the like. Thereby, when arranging such concrete members at the site, it becomes possible to confirm the length dimension via the tag.

  Conventionally, when measuring the length dimension of this concrete member, generally, a tape measure (steel tape), a standard (level), a staff (staff), and the like have been frequently used. In addition, the length dimension data measured by these has been recorded and managed manually.

  However, when the size of the concrete member to be measured is very large, or when the concrete member has already been arranged at a high place, the measurement process itself is complicated by the conventional method using the tape measure and the level method. In addition, since it was necessary to prepare for scaffolding, etc., excessive labor was required.

  In addition, the concrete member is chamfered at the time of production at the factory, as shown in FIG. For this reason, when measuring the length dimension between the end faces, the conventional method using a tape measure, level, etc. cannot accurately identify this by the chamfered portion, and the reproducibility of the dimension measurement is reduced. There was also a problem that it could not be secured. In particular, in recent years, a higher level of measurement accuracy is required for the length dimension of concrete members, and therefore there is still a high demand for improvement of such problems.

  Furthermore, since it takes a lot of manpower and time to record and manage the measured data, there is also a need to devise a system that can execute these easily and quickly.

  Therefore, the present invention has been devised in view of the above-mentioned problems, and the object of the present invention is to be able to measure the length dimension of a concrete member more easily and accurately, and to measure the length measured. An object of the present invention is to provide a concrete member dimension measuring system and method capable of easily and quickly recording and managing the length dimension data.

  In order to solve the above-described problems, a concrete member dimension measuring system to which the present invention is applied is a concrete member dimension measuring system that measures the length dimension of a concrete member. A plurality of imaging means for generating an image for measurement by capturing an index from a different shooting direction by including each index in a shooting range, and an index configured by projecting a rod with a spherical object fixed to the tip; The image analysis means for specifying the image position of the spherical object in each of the indices projected on the generated plurality of measurement images, the image position of the spherical object specified by the image analysis means, and the rod body measured in advance Based on the projection angle direction and its length, coordinate calculation means for obtaining the coordinates of the measurement point, and based on the coordinates of each measurement point obtained by the coordinate calculation means And a dimension measuring means for measuring the length of the concrete member.

  In order to solve the above-described problems, a concrete member dimension measuring system to which the present invention is applied is a concrete member dimension measuring system that measures the length dimension of a concrete member. An index constructed by projecting a rod with a spherical object fixed to the tip, a scale provided along the direction of measuring the length dimension between the end surfaces of the concrete member, and each index and one of the scales. A plurality of imaging means for generating images for measurement by capturing images from different shooting directions including the respective sections within the shooting range, and spherical object and scale image positions in the index projected on the generated plurality of measurement images Image analyzing means for specifying the image, the image position of the spherical object specified by the image analyzing means, and the protrusion of the rod measured in advance The coordinate of the measurement point is obtained based on the degree direction and the length thereof, and the coordinate calculation means for obtaining the coordinate of the scale based on the image position of the scale specified by the analysis means, and each measurement point obtained by the coordinate calculation means And a dimension measuring means for measuring the length dimension between the end faces of the concrete member based on the coordinates of the scale and the coordinates of the scale.

  In order to solve the above-described problem, a concrete member dimension measuring method to which the present invention is applied is a concrete member dimension measuring method for measuring a length dimension between end faces of a concrete member. A measurement image is formed by projecting an index composed of a rod body with a spherical object fixed to the tip of each measurement point, and imaging each index from a different shooting direction by including it in a shooting range with a plurality of imaging devices. The image position of the spherical object in the index projected on the generated plurality of measurement images is respectively specified, and the image position of the specified spherical object, the projected angle direction of the rod body and the length thereof are measured in advance. Then, the coordinates of the measurement points are obtained, and the length dimension between the end faces of the concrete member is measured based on the obtained coordinates of each measurement point.

  In order to solve the above-described problem, a concrete member dimension measuring method to which the present invention is applied is a concrete member dimension measuring method for measuring a length dimension between end faces of a concrete member. In addition to projecting an index composed of a rod body with a spherical object fixed to the tip for each measurement point, a scale is provided along the direction of measuring the length dimension between the end faces of the concrete member. A part of the image is included in the imaging range by a plurality of imaging devices, and images for measurement are generated by imaging from different imaging directions, and images of spherical objects and scales in the index projected on the generated plurality of measurement images Each position is specified, based on the image position of the specified spherical object, the projected angle direction of the rod body and the length thereof measured in advance. Obtain the coordinates of the measurement points, and based on the specified image position of the scale, the coordinate calculation means for obtaining the coordinates of the scale, and the length dimension between the end faces of the concrete member based on the coordinates of the obtained measurement points and the coordinates of the scale Measure.

  In the present invention, for each measurement point on each end face, an index configured by projecting a rod body with a spherical object fixed at the tip is provided, and this is included in the shooting range, and images are taken from different shooting directions. Then, it is possible to easily and accurately measure the length dimension between the end faces only by executing the analysis.

  For this reason, even when the size of the concrete member to be measured is very large, or when the concrete member has already been arranged at a high place, the measurement process itself is not complicated, and a tape measure is used. Compared to the case of doing so, since preparations such as scaffolding are not required, the labor involved in the measurement can be greatly reduced.

  Hereinafter, as a best mode for carrying out the present invention, a dimension measuring system 1 for measuring a length dimension of a concrete member will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 1 shows a system configuration of the dimension measuring system 1. This dimension measuring system 1 images the indicators 15 and 16 projecting from the measurement points 19 and 20 on the end surfaces 12 and 13 of the concrete member 11 for measuring the length dimension, and the indicators from different photographing directions. The imaging apparatus 2a, the imaging apparatus 2b, and the analysis computer 7 connected to these imaging apparatuses 2 are provided.

  The concrete member 11 is applied to, for example, a T-girder, a box girder, a hollow floor slab, a plate girder, etc. used for a bridge girder or the like. The concrete member 11 is a so-called precast concrete member manufactured in a factory. After the concrete member 11 is manufactured at the factory, a plurality of the concrete members 11 are arranged in the length direction at the site, and the end surfaces in the length direction are abutted and joined.

  The end faces 12 and 13 of the concrete member 11 are formed with chamfered portions 18 whose corners or corners are cut obliquely. By forming the chamfered portion 18, it is possible to prevent corner breakage or the like of the concrete.

  For example, as shown in FIG. 2A, the indexes 15 and 16 are composed of a rod 22 having a spherical object 21 fixed to the tip. A tripod-like jig 25 is provided at the base of the rod body 22. This jig 25 is configured to be mountable at a chamfered portion of the concrete member 11. The spherical object 21 is composed of a color that has a large contrast with the background such as black or white. If the color applied to the spherical object 21 has a small contrast with the background, as shown in FIG. 2B, a cover 91 that increases the contrast with the color. May be installed on the back. Incidentally, the diameter of the spherical object 21 is adjusted so that the image area in which the spherical object 21 is projected is about 50 to 100 pixels.

  Incidentally, in the indicators 15 and 16, the protruding angle directions θ and φ and the length r of the rod body 22 are in a pre-measured state as shown in FIG. Further, the projections of the jigs 25 on the indicators 15 and 16 at the measurement points 19 and 20 described above may use an adhesive or the like that is relatively easy to remove. In particular, such a tripod-shaped jig 25 can be easily disposed on the chamfered concrete member 11, and the tripod constituting the jig 25 and the projecting angle direction of the rod body. By clarifying the relationship between θ, φ, and the length r in advance, the positional relationship of the spherical object 21 with respect to the measurement points 19 and 20 can be grasped more quantitatively. Note that the configuration of the next tool 25 may be omitted, and the rod body 22 may be directly attached to the measurement points 19 and 20.

As illustrated in FIG. 3, the imaging device 2 includes a lens unit 41, an imaging unit 42 disposed at a position orthogonal to the optical axis of the lens unit 41, and amplification that amplifies an image signal generated by the imaging unit 42. Unit 43, an interface 44 for transmitting the image signal amplified in the amplification unit 43 to the analysis computer 7, an operation unit 46 including buttons and the like for the user to perform various operations, and the operation unit 46. It is what is called a digital still camera provided with the drive part 40 connected to.

  The drive unit 40 executes an automatic aperture control operation and an automatic focus control operation on the lens unit 41 based on a command from the operation unit 46, and further changes the shooting angle of view for the subject.

  The imaging unit 42 is configured by a solid-state imaging device such as a CCD (Charge Coupled Device), for example, forms a subject image incident via the lens unit 41 on the imaging surface, generates an image signal by photoelectric conversion, This is transmitted to the amplification unit 43. The image signal transmitted to the amplifying unit 43 is amplified to a predetermined level and then sent to the interface 44.

  The interface 44 includes, for example, a USB (Universal Serial Bus), an IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers) 1394 interface, and transmits the image signal output from the amplifying unit 43 to the analysis computer 7.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the analysis computer 7 includes an encoder 52 connected to the interface 51, a memory 53, a CPU (Central Processing Unit) 54, a display control unit 55, a mouse, a keyboard, and the like. An operation unit 56 and a server 57 composed of a hard disk or the like are connected to the internal bus 50, and a display unit 58 composed of, for example, a liquid crystal display is connected to the display control unit 55.

  The interface 51 supplies the image signal transmitted via the interface 44 in the first imaging device 4 described above to the encoder 52.

  The encoder 52 compresses and encodes the supplied image signal based on a standard such as JPEG (Joint Photographic Experts Group). The image signal compressed and encoded by the encoder 52 is stored in the memory 53, the server 57, and a buffer (not shown).

  The CPU 54 includes an ALU (Arithmetic Logic Unit) that performs arithmetic operations, a register that primarily stores data, a bus interface that performs input and output with a memory and peripheral devices, and the like. In addition, the CPU 54 may be provided with functions such as a floating point arithmetic unit for performing a floating point arithmetic operation, a cache for temporarily storing more information than a register, and the like. The CPU 54 serves as a so-called central control unit that controls each component in the computer 7 for analysis based on a user instruction via the operation unit 56.

  Under the control of the CPU 54, the display control unit 55 reads out image signals stored in the memory 53, the server 57, and a buffer (not shown), and executes a picture process on the display unit 58. The display control unit 55 executes control of contrast and luminance in the display unit 58 based on control by the CPU 54.

  Next, a method for actually measuring the length dimension of the concrete member 11 by the dimension measuring system 1 having the above-described configuration will be described.

  First, as shown in FIG. 1, the imaging devices 2 a and 2 b capture images by including the indices 15 and 16 in the imaging range. The captured image is converted into an image signal photoelectrically converted by the imaging unit 52, amplified by the amplification unit 43, and sent to the analysis computer 7 via the interface 44. The image signal may be temporarily stored in a memory or the like (not shown) before being transmitted to the analysis computer 7.

  The image signal sent to the analysis computer 7 is compression-encoded by the encoder 52 and recorded in the memory 53, the server 57, etc. as a measurement image.

  When the measurement image is actually analyzed, the measurement image recorded in the memory 53 or the like is read out under the control of the CPU 54, and this is shown in FIG. It is displayed on the display unit 58 via the screen 92. The upper part of the screen 92 is a measurement image generated by being imaged by the imaging device 2a, and the lower part of the screen 92 is a measurement image generated by being imaged by the imaging device 2b. In each measurement image, the index 15 (16) protruding from the end surface 12 (13) of the concrete 11 is projected, and in particular, the spherical object 21 fixed to the tip of the index 15 (16) It is clearly displayed as a difference in contrast or as a difference in luminance level.

  Next, each spherical object 21 is extracted as a feature point on the screen. The extraction of the feature points is executed through the operation of the operation unit 56 by the user based on the software installed in the analysis computer 7. At this time, the center position of the spherical object 21 is designated by operating the operation unit 56 on the screen 92 displayed on the display unit 58. In this feature point extraction operation, the CPU 54 in the analysis computer 7 may automatically identify these by paying attention to the difference in contrast and luminance level displayed in the measurement image.

  Next, the three-dimensional coordinates of the spherical object 21 extracted as the feature points are obtained. Even in such a case, it is executed based on a command for calculating the three-dimensional coordinates through the operation of the operation unit 56 by the user.

FIG. 5 is a diagram for explaining the principle of the three-dimensional coordinate measurement. Actually, the three-dimensional coordinates are calculated based on the same principle as that of so-called triangulation. The imaging device 2a and the imaging device 2b are installed at different positions, and the index 15 (16) is imaged from different shooting directions. At this time, if the distance between the imaging device 2a and the imaging device 2b and the angle ε of the straight line from each imaging device 2a, 2b to the spherical object 21 in the index 15 (16) can be known, the relative coordinates of the spherical object 21 can be obtained. It can be obtained.

  For this reason, the interval between the imaging device 2a and the imaging device 2b is investigated in advance, and this is input to the analysis computer. Then, when actually calculating the three-dimensional coordinates, the input data relating to the interval between the imaging devices 2 is read, and the simultaneous equations are solved with reference to this data. Thereby, the three-dimensional coordinates in the spherical object 21 can be obtained.

  Next, the three-dimensional coordinates of the measurement point 19 (20) are obtained from the obtained three-dimensional coordinates of the spherical object 21. Since the projection angle directions θ and φ of the rod 22 to the spherical object 21 with respect to the measurement point 19 (20) and the length L thereof are known, the three-dimensional coordinates of the measurement point 19 (20) are based on this. Can be calculated.

  That is, the three-dimensional coordinates of the spherical object 21 in the index 15 are obtained, the three-dimensional coordinates in the index 16 are obtained, and the measurement points 19 and 19 are determined based on the projecting angle direction of the rod 22 to the spherical object 21 and the length thereof. The three-dimensional coordinates of the measurement point 20 are obtained. Then, based on the obtained three-dimensional coordinates at the measurement point 19 and the measurement point 20, the interval between the measurement point 19 and the measurement point 20 is obtained. The measurement point 19 and the measurement point 20 are set on the end surfaces 12 and 13 of the concrete member 11 in order to measure the length dimension, and the end surface is measured via the distance between the measurement point 19 and the measurement point 20 measured above. It is possible to obtain the interval of 12,13.

  As described above, in the present invention, the indicators 15 and 16 each having the rod 22 having the spherical object 21 fixed to the tip are provided for the measurement points 19 and 20 of the end faces 12 and 13 in advance. The length dimension between the end faces 12 and 13 can be measured easily and accurately only by including these in the imaging range and taking images from different shooting directions and executing the analysis by the analysis computer 7.

  For this reason, even when the size of the concrete member 11 to be measured is very large, or when the concrete member 11 is already disposed at a high place, the measurement process itself is not complicated, and further, a tape measure or the like. Compared to the case of using the, it is not necessary to prepare for the installation of the scaffolding, etc., so that the labor involved in the measurement can be greatly reduced.

  Further, the chamfered portion 18 is often formed in the vicinity of the end faces 12 and 13 in the concrete member 11 at the time of manufacturing the factory. However, in the present invention, it is not controlled by this, and the index is set for the preset measurement points 19 and 20. The distance between the measurement points 19 and 20 can be determined with high accuracy simply by projecting 15 and 16.

  Moreover, although embodiment mentioned above demonstrated taking the case of measuring the length dimension between the end surfaces of the concrete member 11 in which the chamfered part 18 was formed, it is not limited to such a case. For example, the interval between desired measurement positions in the concrete member 11 may be obtained, or each dimension of the concrete member that has not been chamfered may be measured. In such a case, the above-described indexes 15 and 16 are attached to measurement points where measurement is desired.

  Furthermore, in the present invention, recording and management of measured data can be easily and quickly executed via the imaging device 2 and the analysis computer 7, and labor required for executing these can be reduced as compared with the prior art. It can also be greatly reduced.

  In particular, in the present invention, the tips of the indexes 15 and 16 to be extracted as feature points are constituted by the spherical object 21. For this reason, even if the spherical object 21 is imaged in any angle direction by the imaging devices 2a and 2b, the spherical object 21 is always displayed in a circular shape in the obtained measurement image. For this reason, it is possible to easily analyze the center position of the spherical object 21 by using the circular center identification function by existing software.

  The present invention is not limited to the embodiment described above. For example, as shown in FIG. 6, when the concrete member 11 for measuring the length is configured to be very long in the longitudinal direction, a scale 71 having a known length is provided in the center. It may be. In such a case, the imaging device 2a, 2b is used for the imaging range Ja composed of one end 71a of the scale 71 and the index 15 and the imaging range Jb composed of the other end 71b of the scale 71 and the index 16, respectively. Imaging is performed from different shooting directions. Then, the three-dimensional coordinates at the measurement points 19 and 20 are obtained based on the same method as described above, and the three-dimensional coordinates at the ends 71 a and 71 b of the scale 71 are obtained. Then, the distance L3 between the obtained measurement point 19 and the end 71a is obtained, the distance L4 between the measurement point 20 and the end 71b is obtained, and the length dimension Ln (= L3 + L4 + L5) is obtained from the scale value L5. Of course, you may do it.

It is a block diagram of the dimension measurement system to which this invention is applied. It is a figure for demonstrating about the structure of the parameter | index consisting of the rod body to which the spherical object was adhere | attached at the front-end | tip. It is a block block diagram of an imaging device and a computer for analysis. It is a figure for demonstrating about the example of a display of the image for a measurement. It is a figure for demonstrating the principle of three-dimensional coordinate measurement. It is a figure shown about the example which measures a dimension using a scale in the dimension measurement system to which this invention is applied.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Dimension measurement system 2 Imaging device 7 Analysis computer 11 Concrete member 12,13 End surface 15,16 Index 18 Chamfered part 19,20 Measurement point 21 Spherical object 22 Rod 40 Drive part 41 Lens part 42 Imaging part 43 Amplifying part 44 Interface 46 Operation unit 50 Internal bus
51 Interface 52 Encoder 53 Memory 54 CPU
55 Display Control Unit 56 Operation Unit 57 Server 58 Display Unit 71 Scale

Claims (4)

In a concrete member dimension measuring system that measures the length dimension of a concrete member,
An index configured by projecting a rod with a spherical object fixed to the tip for each measurement point for measuring the length dimension;
A plurality of imaging means for generating a measurement image by imaging from different shooting directions by including each of the indicators in a shooting range;
Image analysis means for respectively specifying the image position of the spherical object in the index projected on the plurality of generated images for measurement;
Coordinate calculation means for obtaining the coordinates of the measurement point based on the image position of the spherical object specified by the image analysis means and the projecting angle direction and length of the rod measured in advance,
A dimension measurement system for a concrete member, comprising: dimension measurement means for measuring a length dimension of the concrete member based on the coordinates of each measurement point obtained by the coordinate calculation means. In a concrete member dimension measuring system that measures the length dimension of a concrete member,
An index configured by projecting a rod with a spherical object fixed to the tip for each measurement point for measuring the length dimension;
A scale provided along the direction of measuring the length dimension between the end faces of the concrete member;
A plurality of imaging means for generating a measurement image by imaging each index and a part of the scale from a different shooting direction by including each of the scales in a shooting range;
Image analysis means for respectively identifying the spherical object in the index projected on the generated plurality of measurement images and the image position of the scale;
The coordinates of the measurement point are obtained based on the image position of the spherical object specified by the image analysis means, the protruding angle direction of the rod body and the length thereof measured in advance, and specified by the analysis means. Coordinate calculating means for obtaining coordinates of the scale based on the image position of the scale;
Dimensions of the concrete member, comprising: dimension measuring means for measuring a length dimension between the end faces of the concrete member based on the coordinates of the respective measurement points obtained by the coordinate calculating means and the coordinates of the scale. Measuring system. In the method for measuring the dimension of a concrete member for measuring the length dimension between the end faces of the concrete member,
For each measuring point of each end face for measuring the length dimension, an index composed of a rod body in which a spherical object is fixed to the tip is provided,
Each of the above indices is included in a shooting range by a plurality of imaging devices to generate images for measurement by imaging from different shooting directions,
Identify each image position of the spherical object in the index projected in the plurality of measurement images generated above,
Based on the image position of the identified spherical object and the projection angle direction of the rod body measured in advance and the length thereof, the coordinates of the measurement point are obtained,
A method for measuring a dimension of a concrete member, comprising: measuring a length dimension between end faces of the concrete member based on the coordinates of the measurement points. In the method for measuring the dimension of a concrete member for measuring the length dimension between the end faces of the concrete member,
An index composed of a rod body having a spherical object fixed to the tip is projected for each measurement point of each end face for measuring the length dimension, and the length dimension is measured between the end faces of the concrete member. A scale,
Each of the indicators and a part of the scale are included in a shooting range by a plurality of imaging devices to generate images for measurement by imaging from different shooting directions,
Identify the spherical object and the image position of the scale in the index projected on the plurality of measurement images generated,
Based on the image position of the specified spherical object and the projection angle direction of the rod body measured in advance and the length thereof, the coordinates of the measurement point are obtained, and on the basis of the image position of the specified scale, Coordinate calculation means for obtaining the coordinates of the scale;
A method for measuring a dimension of a concrete member, comprising measuring a length dimension between end faces of the concrete member based on the coordinates of the measurement points and the coordinates of the scale.

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