JP2006239854A - Machine tool - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a machine tool capable of suppressing generation of inclination of a tool and preventing a possibility of deterioration of machining accuracy due to a deflection of a cross rail. <P>SOLUTION: The machine tool installs and supports the cross rail 16 between a pair of columns 15a. The saddle 21 is horizontally movably supported on the cross rail 16. The grinding wheel 24 is mounted on the saddle 21 as a tool. The machine tool is provided with a level 27 for detecting an inclination amount of the grinding wheel 24 according to the position of the horizontal traveling direction of the saddle 21 to adjust the inclination angle of the grinding wheel 24 with respect to the horizontal surface according to the detection result by the level 27. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a machine tool such as a portal machine tool in which a cross rail is installed and supported between a pair of columns, a saddle is supported on the cross rail, and a tool is supported on the saddle.

  In general, in this type of machine tool, a cross rail is installed and supported between a pair of columns so as to be movable up and down, and a saddle is supported on the cross rail so as to be laterally movable. A tool such as a grindstone is mounted on the saddle, and processing such as grinding is performed on a workpiece on a table disposed below the cross rail by this tool.

  However, in the machine tool having such a configuration, as the saddle is laterally moved on the cross rail, the load applied to the pair of lifting ball screws provided on both columns varies. As a result, the amount of extension of the threaded portion of both the lifting ball screws and the displacement amount of the thrust bearing and the like change, and a displacement occurs between the pair of lifting ball screws. As a result, the cross rail is inclined, and the axis of the tool mounted on the saddle is inclined, which may cause a reduction in machining accuracy.

In order to cope with such a problem, for example, a machine tool having a configuration as disclosed in Patent Document 1 has been conventionally proposed. In this conventional configuration, the position of the shaft end surface on the opposite load side of both lifting ball screws is detected by a displacement sensor, and the saddle moves to both sides using the detected value when the saddle is at the center position of the cross rail as a reference value. Compare with the detected value. Then, the amount of displacement of both the raising and lowering ball screws during the movement of the saddle is set as an amount to be corrected, and both the raising and lowering ball screws are corrected to prevent the cross rail from being inclined due to the lateral movement of the saddle.
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-309642

  By the way, in this conventional machine tool, it is possible to suppress the inclination of the cross rail by varying the load applied to the pair of lifting ball screws with the lateral movement of the saddle on the cross rail.

  However, in this type of machine tool, as shown in FIG. 25, the cross rail 33 is bent downward due to the weight of the saddle 32 on which the tool 31 is mounted. As a result, as shown by a chain line in FIG. 25, as the saddle 32 is moved from the central position of the cross rail 33 to both sides, the saddle 32 itself is gradually inclined and the axis of the tool 31 is inclined, and the machining accuracy is improved. There was a problem of causing a drop.

  For example, when the tool 31 is a grindstone, as shown in FIG. 26 (a), although the surface of the workpiece W is originally intended to be uniformly ground, the tool 31 is inclined due to the inclination of the axis of the tool 31 as shown in FIG. ), There is a possibility that a large number of strip-shaped steps Wa may occur on the surface of the workpiece W. In FIG. 26A, the step Wa is exaggerated for easy understanding.

  On the other hand, the upper guide surface of the cross rail protrudes upward toward the center in the length direction so that the saddle is positioned in the same horizontal plane regardless of the lateral movement position of the saddle. Exists. However, even in such a configuration, it is difficult to suppress the inclination of the saddle in the portion excluding the central portion of the cross rail.

  The present invention has been made paying attention to such problems existing in the prior art. An object of the present invention is to provide a machine tool that can prevent the tool from being inclined due to the bending of the cross rail, and can prevent a decrease in machining accuracy.

  In order to achieve the above object, in the invention described in claim 1, a pair of columns, a cross rail supported and supported between the two columns, and a saddle supported on the cross rail so as to be laterally movable are provided. In a machine tool equipped with a tool mounted on the saddle and for machining a workpiece on a table below the cross rail, the inclination amount of the tool corresponding to the position of the saddle in the lateral movement direction is detected. And a adjusting means for adjusting an inclination angle of the tool with respect to a horizontal plane according to a detection result by the detecting means.

The invention according to claim 2 is characterized in that, in the invention according to claim 1, the adjusting means adjusts the inclination angle of the tool by adjusting the inclination angle of the cross rail.
According to a third aspect of the invention, in the first aspect of the invention, the adjusting means adjusts the inclination angle of the tool by adjusting the inclination angle of the saddle.

  According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect of the invention, the adjusting means includes a calculating means for calculating an adjustment amount of the tool tilt angle in accordance with a detection result of the detecting means. It is characterized by.

  According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the fourth aspect of the present invention, the calculation means calculates an adjustment amount of the tool at each position when the saddle reaches a plurality of predetermined positions within a movement range. It is characterized by that.

  According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, in the fifth aspect of the present invention, the plurality of predetermined positions are set such that an interval between the positions is set narrower toward both ends of the cross rail.

  According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, in the invention according to any one of the first to sixth aspects, the adjusting means moves the saddle prior to machining, and the tool is moved within the movement range. The detection means is operated so that the inclination angle is detected, and the inclination angle of the tool is adjusted during the machining operation according to the detection result.

  In the invention according to claim 8, in the invention according to any one of claims 1 to 7, the detecting means detects an amount of inclination in a plane along the extending direction of the cross rail. And the adjusting means adjusts the inclination angle in the same plane.

  According to a ninth aspect of the invention, in the invention according to any one of the first to eighth aspects, the detecting means detects an amount of inclination in a plane orthogonal to the extending direction of the cross rail. The adjusting means adjusts the inclination angle in the same plane.

(Function)
In the present invention, the amount of inclination of the tool accompanying the lateral movement of the saddle on the cross rail is detected by the detecting means. And according to the detection result by this detection means, the inclination angle of the tool with respect to the horizontal plane is adjusted by the adjustment means, and the posture of the tool is corrected. Therefore, the inclination of the tool due to the bending of the cross rail can be suppressed, and the workpiece can be processed with high accuracy.

  If the adjustment amount of the tool at each position is calculated by the calculation means when the saddle reaches a plurality of predetermined positions within the movement range, the adjustment amount at each position should be set in advance. Thus, it is possible to quickly correct the inclination of the cross rail.

  If the interval between the positions is set to be narrower toward the both ends of the cross rail at the plurality of predetermined positions, the inclination angle is corrected in small increments as the inclination angle of the saddle becomes steep. become. Therefore, the inclination of the tool can be corrected effectively.

  If the saddle is moved prior to machining and the detection means is operated so that the inclination angle of the cross rail is detected within the moving range, the correction data of the tool can be set prior to machining. It becomes possible. Therefore, at the time of machining, the tilt angle of the tool can be immediately adjusted based on the correction data.

  As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to suppress the tilting of the tool due to the bending of the cross rail caused by the lateral movement of the saddle on the cross rail. The possibility of incurring a decrease in accuracy can be prevented.

(First embodiment)
Below, 1st Embodiment of this invention is described based on FIGS.
As shown in FIG. 1, in the machine tool of this embodiment, a table 12 for supporting a workpiece W is arranged on a bed 11 so as to be movable in the X direction, and a ball screw 14 is moved by an X direction moving motor 13. Moved through.

  A gate-shaped frame 15 having a pair of columns 15 a is erected on the bed 11 so as to straddle the table 12. A cross rail 16 is installed between the columns 15a of the frame 15 so as to be movable up and down in the Z direction. The cross rail 16 is moved up and down via ball screws 19 and 20 by first and second motors 17 and 18 for Z direction movement.

  A saddle 21 is supported on the cross rail 16 so as to be laterally movable in the Y direction, and is moved by a Y direction moving motor 22 via a ball screw 23. A grindstone 24 as a tool is mounted on the saddle 21 and is rotated by a grindstone rotating motor 25. The grindstone 24 is rotated and brought into contact with the workpiece surface on the table 12 and moved relative to the workpiece W, whereby the workpiece W is ground.

  An encoder 26 for detecting the position of the saddle 21 in the lateral movement direction on the cross rail 16 based on the amount of rotation of the Y direction movement motor 22 is attached to the Y direction movement motor 22.

  The saddle 21 has a level 27 as a detecting means for detecting the amount of inclination of the rotational axis of the grindstone 24 according to the position of the saddle 21 in the lateral movement direction from the amount of inclination of the saddle 21 and outputting a detection signal. It is arranged. Therefore, the amount of inclination of the cross rail 16 at the position of the saddle 21 is detected. The level 27 detects the amount of inclination in the vertical plane along the extending direction (Y direction) of the cross rail 16 (this is the amount of right and left inclination). As the level 27, for example, a type that irradiates a built-in liquid with laser light, converts the position change of reflected light from the liquid surface due to the change in the liquid surface into an electric signal, and outputs it is used. It is done.

Next, the circuit configuration of the machine tool configured as described above will be described.
As shown in FIG. 2, the control unit 28 controls the operation of the entire machine tool. The memory 29 constituting the storage means stores various data such as a program and various data necessary for the operation of the machine tool or working data generated along with the operation of the machine tool. The control unit 28 inputs detection data from the encoder 26 and the level 27 and outputs drive signals to the motors 13, 17, 18, 22, and 25. In particular, in this embodiment, the control unit 28 constitutes adjustment means and calculation means. Then, when the saddle 21 is laterally moved on the cross rail 16 in the Y direction, the control unit 28 causes the level 27 to detect the amount of inclination of the rotation axis of the grindstone 24 according to the movement position of the saddle 21. Further, the control unit 28 controls the rotation of the first and second motors 17 and 18 for Z-direction movement according to the detection result by the level 27, and the inclination angle of the cross rail 16 with respect to the horizontal plane, that is, the vertical of the grindstone 24. Adjustments are made by adjusting the left and right tilt angles in the plane.

  Next, the operation of the machine tool configured as described above will be described. Here, the slow chart shown in FIG. 4 and the like shows an operation in which the program stored in the memory 29 is executed under the control of the control unit 28.

  In this machine tool, prior to the grinding of the workpiece W, as shown in FIG. 3, the saddle 21 is laterally moved by a predetermined amount L on the cross rail 16, and data relating to the inclination is captured at each position La. Operation is performed. That is, as shown in the flowchart of FIG. 4, when the saddle 21 is moved by a predetermined amount L in step S1 and reaches the position La, the level in the vertical plane of the rotational axis of the grindstone 24 is moved by the level 27 in step S2. Is detected. Here, the pitch between the positions La represented by the predetermined amount L may be uniform, but it is desirable that the pitch becomes narrower toward both ends of the cross rail 16. That is, since the inclination angle resulting from the bending of the cross rail 16 increases toward both ends of the cross rail 16, it is preferable to frequently acquire the amount of inclination data at a narrow pitch.

  In the next step S3, based on the detection result of the level 27, the rotation adjustment amounts of the Z-direction moving first and second motors 17 and 18 at each position La of the saddle 21 are calculated. That is, here, at each position La of the saddle 21, the inclination correction amount of the cross rail 16 (rotation adjustment amount of the first and second motors 17 and 18), that is, the grindstone, so that the rotation axis of the grindstone 24 becomes horizontal. 24 inclination correction amounts are calculated.

  In step S 4, the position data of the saddle 21 detected by the encoder 26, the tilt amount data detected by the level 27, and the calculation data of the rotation adjustment amount are stored in the memory 29. Thereafter, in step S5, it is determined whether or not the data has been taken in at each movement position of the saddle 21. If the data acquisition is not completed, the saddle 21 is further moved by a predetermined amount L, and the operations in steps S1 to S4 are repeated. On the other hand, when the data capture is completed at each movement position La of the saddle 21, the data capture operation is completed through step S6.

  Next, when the workpiece W is ground, the operation shown in the flowchart of FIG. 5 is executed. That is, the saddle 21 is moved in step S7, and the moving position of the saddle 21 is detected by the encoder 26 in step S8. Based on this, it is determined that any position La has been reached. Then, in step S 9, rotation adjustment amount data of the Z-direction moving first and second motors 17 and 18 corresponding to the movement position of the saddle 21 is read from the memory 29.

  Further, in step S10, the rotation amounts of the Z-direction moving first and second motors 17 and 18 are adjusted based on the read rotation adjustment amount data, and the saddle 21 and the grindstone 24 are bent by the weight. The angle of the support portion of the saddle 21 in the resulting cross rail 16 is corrected. That is, the left and right angle adjustment in the plane along which the cross rail 16 extends is executed. For this reason, the rotational axis of the grindstone 24 becomes horizontal. Thereafter, in step S11, it is determined whether or not the processing is finished.

  As described above, in this machine tool, even when the cross rail 16 is bent and the rotation axis of the grindstone 24 is inclined, the level of the inclination of the rotation axis of the grindstone 24 is detected by the level 27. And according to the detection result by the level 27, the rotation amount of the first and second motors 17, 18 for Z direction movement is adjusted by the control unit 28, the inclination angle of the cross rail 16 with respect to the horizontal plane is changed, The posture of the grindstone 24 is corrected. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the rotation axis of the grindstone 24 from being inclined due to the bending of the cross rail 16, and the workpiece W can be subjected to high-precision grinding.

The effects of the first embodiment are listed as follows.
-The rotation axis of the grindstone 24 can be kept horizontal, enabling high-precision machining.
Prior to the machining operation, the inclination of the rotational axis of the grindstone 24 is detected in advance at each position La of the saddle 21, and a correction (adjustment) value is stored according to the detection result. At the time of machining, the inclination angle of the cross rail 16 is adjusted according to the correction value. For this reason, since detection, correction value calculation, and the like are not performed at the time of processing, it is possible to prevent data processing related to processing from being delayed and to perform rapid processing.

(Second Embodiment)
Next, a second embodiment embodying the present invention will be described with a focus on differences from the first embodiment. In the second embodiment, the position La as in the first embodiment is not set.

  That is, in the second embodiment, as shown in the flowchart of FIG. 6, when the saddle 21 is moved in step S12, the level 27 is constantly monitored in step S13 during the movement, so that the saddle 21, It is determined whether or not the inclination of the grindstone 24 as a tool exceeds a predetermined threshold value. If the threshold value is exceeded, the rotation amounts of the Z-direction moving first and second motors 17 and 18 are calculated in step S14 so that the over value becomes zero according to the over value. In step S15, at least one of the first and second motors 17 and 18 for Z-direction movement is rotated by the calculated rotation amount for adjustment, and the support portion of the saddle 21 in the cross rail 16 that is bent is caused. The angle is corrected. For this reason, the rotational axis of the grindstone 24 becomes horizontal. After completion of the correction, it is determined in step S16 whether or not the processing is finished.

Therefore, the second embodiment has the following effects.
Regardless of the position of the saddle 21, if the saddle 21 is inclined at a certain angle or more, it is corrected immediately, and high-precision machining becomes possible.

(Third embodiment)
Next, a third embodiment embodying the present invention will be described with a focus on differences from the first embodiment. Also in the third embodiment, the position La as in the first embodiment is not set.

  In the third embodiment, as shown in FIG. 7, when the saddle 21 is moved in step S21, the level 27 is constantly monitored in step S22 during the movement, and the inclination of the saddle 21 is determined in advance. It is determined whether the threshold value has been exceeded. If the threshold value is exceeded, it is determined in step S23 whether or not the saddle 21 has passed the center between the ball screws 19 and 20 of the cross rail 16 from the home position side. If not, the cross rail 16 is tilted in one direction in step S24, and the level 27 is monitored in step S25, so that the tilt of the saddle 21 is adjusted and the tool rotation axis, that is, the tilt correction of the tool is corrected. It is determined whether or not the process has ended. On the other hand, when the saddle 21 crosses the center from the home position side, the inclination of the tool rotation axis is corrected by moving the cross rail 16 in an inclined direction in step S26 and monitoring the level 27 in step S27. It is determined whether or not the process has ended. Then, in step S28, it is determined whether or not the processing is finished.

As described above, in the third embodiment, when the saddle 21 is inclined, the cross rail 16 is corrected while being monitored by the level 27.
Therefore, the third embodiment has the following effects.

In the third embodiment, since the correction angle is not calculated when correcting the inclination of the cross rail 16, the burden on the control unit 28 is reduced.
(Fourth embodiment)
Next, a fourth embodiment embodying the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. 8 with a focus on differences from the first embodiment.

  In the fourth embodiment, the cross rail 16 does not move up and down, and the right and left inclination angles are only adjusted by the action of the motor 50 and the adjusting screw 51 rotated by the motor 50 slightly. That is, the cross rail 16 is held at a fixed position, and at least one of the motors 50 is rotated forward or backward depending on the inclination angle of the saddle (the rotating shaft of the grindstone 24) detected by the level 27, The inclination angle of the cross rail 16 is adjusted, and the rotation axis of the grindstone 24 is kept horizontal.

(Fifth embodiment)
Next, a fifth embodiment embodying the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 9 to 10 with a focus on differences from the first embodiment.

  In the fifth embodiment, the cross rail 16 is installed and fixed between the upper ends of the columns 15a. Although not shown, the unit of the motor 25 having the grindstone 24 is vertically adjusted by driving means (not shown). The level 27 is supported on the saddle 21.

  As shown in FIGS. 10 to 12, static pressure pockets 71 are arranged at four locations of the saddle 21, and a hydrostatic bearing for the cross rail 16 is formed on the inner surface of the saddle 21 by the oil in the static pressure pocket 71. It has become so. A flow rate adjusting valve 74 is connected to each of the oil conduits 73 between the secondary side of the oil pump 72 and the static pressure pocket 71 to adjust the amount of oil supplied to the static pressure pocket 71. Accordingly, the amount of oil supplied to the static pressure pocket 71 can be appropriately controlled. For this reason, by changing the amount of oil with respect to each static pressure pocket 71, the right and left inclination of the saddle 21 in the vertical plane, that is, the inclination angle of the grindstone 24 as a tool can be adjusted.

  In the fifth embodiment as well, as shown in FIG. 3, while the saddle 21 is laterally moved on the cross rail 16 by a predetermined amount L, the data regarding the inclination is fetched at each position La. That is, at each position La, data on the amount of inclination of the saddle 21, that is, the grindstone 24 is acquired. Next, the opening degree of the valve 74 for correcting the inclination at each position La is calculated, and the calculated value is stored in the memory 29.

  Then, when the workpiece W is ground, the operation shown in the flowchart of FIG. 13 is executed. That is, the saddle 21 is moved in step S7, and the moving position of the saddle 21 is detected by the encoder 26 in step S8. Based on this, it is determined that any position La has been reached. Then, in step S <b> 9, the opening degree of the valve 74 corresponding to the movement position of the saddle 21 is read from the memory 29.

  Further, in step S 10, at least one of the valves 74 is controlled to open and close based on the read opening degree of the valve 74, and the amount of oil supplied to the static pressure pocket 71 is adjusted. For this reason, the angle in the vertical plane of the saddle 21 is adjusted, and the rotational axis of the grindstone 24 becomes horizontal. Thereafter, in step S11, it is determined whether or not the processing is finished.

  As described above, also in the fifth embodiment, it is possible to prevent the rotation axis of the grindstone 24 from being inclined due to the bending of the cross rail 16, and to perform highly accurate grinding on the workpiece W. Can be applied.

(Sixth embodiment)
Next, a sixth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. 14 with a focus on differences from the first embodiment. In the sixth embodiment, as shown in the flowchart of FIG. 14, when the saddle 21 is moved in step S12, the level 27 is constantly monitored in step S13 and the inclination angle of the saddle 21 is monitored. It is determined whether or not exceeds a predetermined threshold value. If the threshold value is exceeded, the opening angle of at least one valve 74 is adjusted in step S14 so that the over value becomes zero according to the over value, and the inclination angle of the saddle 21 is adjusted. The For this reason, the rotational axis of the grindstone 24 becomes horizontal. After completion of the correction, it is determined in step S16 whether or not the processing is finished.

Therefore, the second embodiment has the following effects.
Regardless of the position of the saddle 21, if the saddle 21 is inclined at a certain angle or more, it is corrected immediately, and high-precision machining becomes possible.

(Seventh embodiment)
Next, a seventh embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 15 and 16 with a focus on differences from the first embodiment.

  In the seventh embodiment, a support 82 is supported on an arc 83 on the outer periphery of an arc support surface 81 formed on the saddle 21. The support base 82 can be adjusted in rotational position in the vertical plane along the arc support surface 81.

  A servo motor 84 that rotates in both forward and reverse directions is fixed to the saddle 21, and a worm 85 is fixed to the motor shaft. On the other hand, a worm wheel 86 that meshes with the worm 85 is fixed to the support base 82 at a position off the arc 83. Accordingly, the support base 82 is rotated in either the left or right direction by the rotation of the servo motor 84 in either the forward or reverse direction, and the inclination angle of the support base 82 is adjusted according to the rotation direction and the rotation amount. Thereby, the inclination angle of the grindstone 24 with respect to the workpiece W is adjusted.

  Also in the seventh embodiment, the amount of rotation of the support base 82 is set according to the position La of the saddle 21, and the amount of rotation and the direction of rotation of the support base 82 are determined accordingly in the seventh embodiment. Then, the axis of the grindstone 24 as a tool is held in a horizontal state. In the seventh embodiment as well, the threshold value of the inclination angle of the saddle 21 is set, and every time the saddle 21 exceeds the threshold value, the adjustment operation of the support 82 is executed, and the axis of the grindstone 24 is moved. You may make it hold | maintain horizontally.

(Eighth embodiment)
Next, an eighth embodiment of the present invention will be described with a focus on differences from the first embodiment.
As shown in FIG. 17, in the eighth embodiment, adjusting members 91 made of piezoelectric elements are interposed between the upper end of the column 15a and both ends of the cross rail 16, respectively. A required voltage is applied to the adjusting member 91. Then, by changing the voltage applied to the adjustment member 91, the adjustment member 91 is expanded and contracted to adjust the inclination angle of the cross rail 16, and as a result, the inclination angle of the grindstone 24 as a tool is adjusted. . That is, also in the seventh embodiment, the adjustment angle of the cross rail 16 is set according to the position La of the saddle 21, and the adjustment member 91 is expanded and contracted every time the saddle 21 is positioned at any position La. The inclination angle of the cross rail 16 is adjusted, and the axis of the grindstone 24 is held horizontally.

  In the eighth embodiment as well, the threshold value of the inclination angle of the saddle 21 is set, and the adjustment member 91 is expanded and contracted every time the saddle 21 exceeds the threshold value, so that the axis of the grindstone 24 is kept horizontal. You may be made to do.

In the eighth embodiment, no movable parts for adjustment are required, and the configuration is simple.
(Ninth embodiment)
Next, the ninth embodiment of the present invention will be described focusing on the differences from the first embodiment.

  As shown in FIGS. 18 to 22, in the ninth embodiment, a cutting blade 120 such as a cutting tool is supported on the front surface of the saddle 21 so as to be oriented in the vertical direction as a tool. The cutting edge of the cutting blade 120 is located at the lower end. Therefore, in the ninth embodiment, the cutting blade 120 cuts the upper surface of the workpiece W as the saddle 21 moves in the X or Y direction.

  In addition, the level 27 in the ninth embodiment detects an amount of inclination in the vertical plane in the front-rear direction intersecting with the extending direction (Y direction) of the cross rail 16 (this is referred to as the amount of front-rear inclination).

  Static pressure pockets 101 are disposed on the top, bottom, bottom and rear surfaces of the front surface including the front and rear two portions of the upper portion of the saddle 21, respectively. Is to be formed. A flow rate adjusting valve 102 is connected to each of the oil conduits 73 between the secondary side of the oil pump 72 and the static pressure pocket 101 to adjust the amount of oil supplied to the static pressure pocket 101 (see FIG. In FIG. 20, only two static pressure pockets 101 and 102 are shown). Therefore, the amount of oil supplied to the static pressure pocket 101 can be appropriately controlled. For this reason, by changing the amount of oil with respect to each static pressure pocket 101, the saddle 21 is rotated and adjusted around the ball screw 23, and the saddle 21 in the vertical plane in the direction intersecting the extending direction of the cross rail 16 is adjusted. The front-rear inclination, that is, the inclination angle of the cutting blade 120 as a tool can be adjusted.

  In the ninth embodiment as well, as shown in FIG. 3, while the saddle 21 is laterally moved on the cross rail 16 by a predetermined amount L, the data regarding the inclination is fetched at each position La. However, in the ninth embodiment, data regarding the inclination in the vertical plane in the front-rear direction intersecting with the extending direction of the cross rail 16 is captured. That is, data on the amount of inclination of the cutting blade 120 is acquired at each position La. Next, the opening degree of the valve 102 for correcting the inclination at each position La is calculated, and the calculated value is stored in the memory 29.

  When the workpiece W is ground, the operation shown in the flowchart of FIG. 22 is executed. That is, the saddle 21 is moved in step S7, and the moving position of the saddle 21 is detected by the encoder 26 in step S8. Based on this, it is determined that any position La has been reached. Then, in step S <b> 9, the opening degree of the valve 102 corresponding to the movement position of the saddle 21 is read from the memory 29.

  Further, in step S 10, at least one of the valves 102 is controlled to open and close based on the read opening degree of the valve 74, and the amount of oil supplied to the static pressure pocket 101 is adjusted. For this reason, the front-rear angle in the vertical plane of the saddle 21 is adjusted, and the cutting blade 120 is in a vertical state. Thereafter, in step S11, it is determined whether or not the processing is finished.

  As described above, in the ninth embodiment, it is possible to suppress the inclination of the cutting blade 120 due to the bending of the cross rail 16 and to perform high-precision grinding on the workpiece W. Can do.

(10th Embodiment)
Next, a tenth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. 23 with a focus on differences from the first embodiment. In the tenth embodiment, as shown in the flowchart of FIG. 23, when the saddle 21 is moved in step S12, the level 27 is constantly monitored in step S13 while the saddle 21 is moving. It is determined whether or not the inclination angle in the front-rear direction in the vertical plane intersecting the cross rail 16 exceeds a predetermined threshold value. If the threshold value is exceeded, the opening degree of at least one valve 102 is adjusted in step S14 so that the over value becomes zero according to the over value, and the inclination angle before and after the saddle 21 is adjusted. Adjusted. For this reason, the cutting blade 120 is in a vertical state. After completion of the correction, it is determined in step S16 whether or not the processing is finished.

(Eleventh embodiment)
Next, an eleventh embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. 24 with a focus on differences from the first embodiment. In the eleventh embodiment, as in the seventh embodiment, adjustment members 111 made of piezoelectric elements are interposed between the upper end of the column 15a and both ends of the cross rail 16, respectively. However, in the eleventh embodiment, the adjusting member 111 made of a piezoelectric element is also disposed at a position spaced apart in the front-rear direction of both columns 15a. A required voltage is applied to the adjusting member 111. Then, by changing the voltage applied to the adjustment member 111, the front and rear adjustment members 111 are expanded and contracted to adjust the inclination angle in the vertical plane of the cross rail 16 in the front-rear direction. The inclination angle of the cutting blade 120 is adjusted. In the eleventh embodiment, the inclination angle of the cross rail 16 in the front-rear direction intersecting the extension direction is adjusted. That is, also in the eleventh embodiment, the adjustment angle of the cross rail 16 is set according to the position La of the saddle 21, and the adjustment member 111 is expanded and contracted every time the saddle 21 is positioned at any position La. The inclination angle of the cross rail 16 is adjusted, and the axis of the cutting blade 120 is held vertically.

  Also in the eleventh embodiment, the threshold value of the inclination angle of the saddle 21 is set, and the adjusting member 111 is expanded and contracted every time the saddle 21 exceeds the threshold value so that the cutting blade 120 is held vertically. It may be.

(Other changes)
In addition, this embodiment can also be changed and embodied as follows.
In the first embodiment, when correcting the inclination with respect to the cross rail 16, it is detected by the level 27 whether or not the rotation axis of the grindstone 24 has become horizontal following the step S10 in FIG. If the rotation axis of the grindstone 24 is not horizontal, the process returns to step S9 to adjust the rotation amounts of the first and second motors 17 and 18 for Z-direction movement again.

  For example, during the first machining operation, the tilt correction operation shown in FIG. 7 is executed, and at the same time, the correction data fetching routine shown in FIG. 4 is executed. Accordingly, the tilt correction operation according to the correction data is executed in the second and subsequent machining.

In the embodiment, a detector different from the level 27, for example, a detector using a gyro mechanism is used as a detecting means for detecting the amount of tool inclination.
-The present invention is embodied in a machine tool provided with a tool such as a milling cutter different from the grindstone 24 of each of the above embodiments. Alternatively, the present invention may be embodied in other types of machine tools such as a machining center other than a portal machine tool and having a cross rail or similar support structure.

  -In the said 1st-8th embodiment, adding the angle adjustment structure of the front-back direction of 9th-11th embodiment. That is, the configuration of any of the ninth to eleventh embodiments is combined with the first to eighth embodiments. If comprised in this way, it will become possible to adjust the right-and-left and front-back angle of a tool. In addition, configurations and actions of embodiments other than the embodiment are added to each embodiment as much as possible.

The front view which shows the machine tool of 1st Embodiment. The block diagram which shows the circuit structure of the machine tool of FIG. Explanatory drawing which shows taking-in operation | movement of the adjustment data of the inclination angle of a crossrail. 6 is a flowchart showing an operation for fetching the adjustment data. The flowchart which shows the operation | movement for adjusting the inclination-angle of a crossrail. The flowchart which shows 2nd Embodiment. The flowchart which shows 3rd Embodiment. The front view which shows the machine tool of 4th Embodiment. The front view which shows the machine tool of 5th Embodiment. The partial front view which similarly shows the saddle in cross section. Similarly hydraulic circuit diagram. The block diagram which similarly shows an electrical structure. Same flowchart. The flowchart which shows 6th Embodiment. The partial front view which shows 7th Embodiment. The block diagram which similarly shows an electrical structure. The front view which shows the machine tool of 8th Embodiment. A side view showing a machine tool of a 9th embodiment. The partial expanded side view which fractured | ruptured the part similarly. Similarly hydraulic circuit diagram. The block diagram which similarly shows an electrical structure. The flowchart figure which similarly shows operation | movement. The flowchart figure which shows 10th Embodiment. A side view showing a machine tool of an 11th embodiment. The principal part front view of the conventional machine tool. (A) (b) is a perspective view which shows the workpiece | work processed in the state which a saddle does not incline, respectively, and the workpiece | work processed by the conventional machine tool.

Explanation of symbols

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 12 ... Table, 13 ... Motor for X direction movement, 15 ... Frame, 15a ... Column, 16 ... Cross rail, 17 ... First motor for Z direction movement, 18 ... Second motor for Z direction movement, 21 ... Saddle, 22 ... Y-direction moving motor, 24 ... Whetstone as tool, 25 ... Wheel driving motor, 26 ... Encoder, 27 ... Level as detection means, 28 ... Adjustment means, Control section as calculation means, 29 ... Storage means , Memory as 121, level as detection means, W as workpiece, La as position.

Claims (9)

A pair of columns;
A cross rail supported between the columns,
A saddle supported by the cross rail so as to be laterally movable;
In a machine tool equipped with a tool mounted on the saddle and for processing a workpiece on a table below the cross rail,
Detection means for detecting the amount of inclination of the tool according to the position of the saddle in the lateral movement direction;
A machine tool comprising adjusting means for adjusting an inclination angle of the tool with respect to a horizontal plane according to a detection result by the detecting means. The machine tool according to claim 1, wherein the adjusting means adjusts the inclination angle of the tool by adjusting the inclination angle of the cross rail. The machine tool according to claim 1, wherein the adjusting unit adjusts the tilt angle of the tool by adjusting the tilt angle of the saddle. The machine tool according to claim 1, wherein the adjustment unit includes a calculation unit for calculating an adjustment amount of a tilt angle of the tool according to a detection result of the detection unit. 5. The machine tool according to claim 4, wherein the calculation unit calculates an adjustment amount of a tool at each position when the saddle reaches a plurality of predetermined positions within a moving range. 6. The machine tool according to claim 5, wherein the plurality of predetermined positions are set such that an interval between the positions becomes narrower toward both ends of the cross rail. The adjusting means moves the saddle prior to machining, operates the detection means so that the tilt angle of the tool is detected within the moving range, and tilts the tool during machining operation according to the detection result. The machine tool according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein an angle is adjusted. The said detection means detects the amount of inclination in the surface along the extension direction of a cross rail, and an adjustment means adjusts the inclination angle in the same surface, The 1st-7th aspect characterized by the above-mentioned. The machine tool according to any one of the above. 9. The detecting means for detecting an amount of inclination in a plane perpendicular to the extending direction of the cross rail, and the adjusting means for adjusting an inclination angle in the same plane. The machine tool according to any one of the above.

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