JP2006232143A - Running vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To eliminate a sudden start of a vehicle and preclude an obstacle to execution of works and occurrence of any accident by moving a shift lever along an inclined guide surface of a lever guide groove. <P>SOLUTION: The running vehicle is equipped with the shift lever 39 to control the shifting operation in forwarding and reversing of a machine body through its turning in the direction fore and aft and configured so that the maximum speed in the forward shifting operation range generated by the shift lever 39 is made higher than the corresponding value in the reverse shifting operation range, and the lever guide groove 44f in the forward shifting operation range is appropriately inclined in the direction applying an operating resistance relative to the turning direction (1) of the shift lever 39. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a traveling vehicle including a speed change operation device that performs speed change control of a vehicle speed, and is used for a rice transplanter, a tractor, and the like.

Conventionally, as disclosed in Patent Document 1, the guide groove in the forward shift operation region of the shift lever is configured as a straight path parallel to the rotational operation direction before and after the shift lever.
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-4609

  According to such a conventional structure, since there is no operation resistance between the speed change lever and the lever guide surface, a rapid speed change operation is forced, and there is a problem of causing an adverse effect of a sudden start and an unexpected accident. An object of the present invention is to eliminate the sudden start of a vehicle and prevent the adverse effects of work and the occurrence of accidents.

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention has taken the following technical means.
That is, according to the first aspect of the present invention, a speed change lever (39) for controlling the forward / backward movement of the airframe by a forward / backward rotational operation is provided, and the maximum speed in the forward speed change operation range by the speed change lever (39) is reversed. The lever guide groove (44f) in the forward shift operation range is appropriately tilted in the direction in which the operation resistance is applied with respect to the rotational operation direction (b) of the shift lever (39). It is characterized by being provided.

The forward speed increases with the forward turning operation of the shift lever (39) in the forward shift operation region, and the reverse speed increases with the backward rotational operation in the reverse shift operation region.
Since the lever guide groove (44f) in the forward shift operation range maintains the inclination angle (θ) with respect to the rotational operation direction (A) of the shift lever (39), the shift lever (39) moves forward. With this operation, the operation resistance is gradually applied by the contact resistance with the inclined guide surface, and the rapid shifting operation is suppressed. Accordingly, it is possible to prevent sudden start and sudden deceleration of the aircraft, and to prevent the adverse effects of work associated with sudden acceleration / deceleration, collisions and contact accidents, etc., and it is safe.

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect, a stepwise resistance protrusion (45) is formed on the inclined guide surface of the lever guide groove (44f) in the forward shift operation region. And

  During the shift operation by the shift lever (39), the shift lever (39) can be shifted stepwise along the stepped resistance protrusion (45) guide surface, and rapid shift operation can be reliably suppressed. it can.

  In short, according to the present invention of claim 1, the speed change lever (39) can be shifted along the inclined guide surface of the lever guide groove (44f). Therefore, it is possible to prevent sudden acceleration / deceleration, eliminate the adverse effects of work associated with sudden acceleration / deceleration, prevent collisions and contact accidents, and improve safety.

  According to the second aspect of the present invention, since the inclined guide surface of the lever guide groove (44f) is formed in a stepped manner, the speed change lever is provided with the stepped resistance while achieving the effect of the first aspect. A speed change operation can be performed stepwise along the protrusion (45) surface, and a rapid speed change operation can be reliably suppressed.

An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
1, 2, and 3 show a 6-row Ueda transplanter as an example of a traveling vehicle, and a pair of left and right front wheels 2 and 2 and rear wheels 3 and 3 as traveling wheels are provided in front of and behind the vehicle body 1. It is erected. An operation box 4 having an operation panel 4a on the upper surface and a steering device having a steering handle 5 and the like are installed on the upper front part of the vehicle body, and a seedling planting part 6 capable of ascending and descending is provided on the rear part of the vehicle body. A driver's seat 9 is installed on the rear side of the control device, and an engine E that transmits power to each part of the rice transplanter is mounted below the driver's seat.

  The steering handle 5 is steered by steering the left and right front wheels 2 and 2 via an output shaft 17, a pitman arm 18, a steering rod 19 and the like that are decelerated and rotated from the steering shaft. It has become.

  The rotational power of the engine E is transmitted to a counter shaft 32 that is a drive shaft of the hydraulic pump 22 via a belt 31, and further, from the counter shaft 32 to a hydraulic continuously variable transmission (HST) 23 via a belt 33. It is transmitted to the input shaft 35 and transmitted from the output shaft 36 of the HST 23 to the mission input shaft 34 of the mission case 24 via a belt. Further, the engine E is provided with a throttle lever 10 that controls the engine rotational speed up and down, and is interlocked so that the throttle opening is automatically adjusted by the throttle operation motor 37.

  The front wheels 2, 2 are pivotally supported by front wheel support cases 25, 25 that can be turned to the side of the mission case 24, and the rear wheels 3, 3 are left and right end portions of the rolling support rod 26. Are supported by rear wheel support cases 27, 27 so that power is transmitted from a transmission device in the transmission case 24 via a rear wheel transmission shaft 38. The rolling support rod 26 is pivotally supported by a rolling shaft 29 supported by a horizontal frame 28a that connects the rear ends of the left and right main frames 28, 28 so as to be tiltable in the left-right direction. An inclination angle sensor 30 is provided on the vehicle body 1 to detect left-right inclination and front-rear inclination of the vehicle body.

  A shift lever (main shift lever) 39 of the shift operation device is arranged on the lateral side of the operation box 4, and the shift device (HST) 23 is driven by operating the shift lever 39 in the front-rear direction to control forward and backward movement of the airframe. It is configured to manage. The shift lever 39 is provided with a shift lever sensor 40 that detects an operation rotation angle of the lever. The HST 23 is linked to an HST operation motor 41 that drives the HST trunnion shaft according to the detection result of the shift lever sensor 40 that detects the operation rotation angle of the shift lever 39.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 4, the lever guide plate 43 of the speed change lever 39 has a forward lever guide groove 44f in the forward speed change operation range in which the speed change lever 39 is rotated from the N position to the F position on the front side of the machine body. A lever guide comprising a reverse lever guide groove 44r in the reverse speed change operation range for rotating from the N position to the R position on the rear side of the machine body and a neutral lever guide groove 44n at the neutral N position connecting both grooves 44f and 44r. Is configured. The forward lever guide groove 44f is appropriately inclined with respect to the forward / backward rotation operation direction (A) of the transmission lever 39 so as to maintain a predetermined angle θ, so that the inclined guide surface is operated by the operation of the transmission lever. The sliding contact resistance is configured. In addition, by providing a stepped resistance protrusion 45 on the inclined guide surface of the forward lever guide groove 44f, a stepped shift operation can be performed while increasing the operation resistance of the shift lever.

  When the shift lever 39 is rotated forward along the forward lever guide groove 44f in the forward shift operation region, the forward speed is increased in accordance with the rotational operation amount, and the reverse lever guide groove 44r in the reverse shift operation region is increased. The reverse speed is set so as to increase in accordance with the amount of the rotation operation, and the maximum speed in the forward shift operation range by the shift lever 39 is the reverse shift operation. It is configured to be faster than the highest speed in the region.

  The seedling planting portion 6 is mounted on the rear portion of the vehicle body so as to be movable up and down via a lifting link mechanism 7, and is configured to move up and down by an expansion and contraction operation of the lifting hydraulic cylinder 8. The elevating hydraulic cylinder 8 is controlled to expand and contract by a hydraulic elevating valve. The rotation angle of the lift link mechanism 7 is detected by a lift link sensor 21.

  In addition, the seedling planting unit 6 includes a two-row planting device 13 and 13 having a seedling tank 11 that reciprocates left and right, and a planting basket 12 that cuts out one seedling and transplants it into the soil. ..., floats (side floats) 14 and 14 that adjust the ground while sliding on the seedling planting surface, a center float 14S, and the like are provided. The center float 14S is provided with a float sensor 15 that detects the angle of the float.

  In FIG. 5, the throttle operation motor 37 and the HST operation motor 41 are controlled by a control unit (control device) 42, and the control unit 42 detects the operation rotation angle of the shift lever 39. A shift lever sensor 40 for performing the operation, a tilt angle sensor 30 for detecting the tilt angle of the vehicle body, and the like are connected. Both the throttle operation motor 37 and the HST operation motor 41 are controlled based on various detection information, and the throttle operation is performed. Only the motor 37 is controlled to operate.

  In short, normally, the shift lever is operated to output to the HST operation motor 41 and the throttle operation motor 37 according to the shift lever sensor value, and the shift control is performed by the joint operation of both. In this state, when the vehicle body is greatly tilted to a predetermined value or more, the detection result of the tilt angle sensor 30 keeps the output state of “low speed” to the HST operation motor and the shift lever sensor to the throttle operation motor. Output according to the value, and shift control is performed by changing the operation of only the throttle operating motor.

  In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 6 to 8, in the automatic accelerator mechanism in which the main transmission lever 39 and the throttle cable 48 connected to the throttle of the engine E are operated in conjunction, the auxiliary transmission lever 47 is in the “planting” “moving” position. When the main speed change lever 39 is neutral N, the engine speed is increased proportionally to the first to fourth stages by idling, and when the sub speed change lever 47 is "ultra-low speed", N The first stage is idling and the engine speed is increased in proportion to the second to fourth stages. In short, at the time of “planting” and “moving”, smooth acceleration control can be performed from the Nth to the fourth stage, and at “ultra-low speed”, the first stage can be slowly advanced.

  Conventionally, in the configuration where the HST is directly connected to the traveling mission case and equipped with a four-wheel brake in the traveling mission, the brake is applied to the input / output side of the traveling mission. There was a problem that was very difficult to enter. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 9, a power transmission path from the engine E to the traveling mission is input from the engine E to the HST 23 via the change gear mechanism 51 in the change gear box 50, and from this HST 23 to the mission case 24. If it is configured to output to the traveling mission 52, the above problem can be solved. That is, by providing a change mechanism for switching between moving speed and working speed before input to the HST, switching can be performed smoothly and easily. Further, in place of the gear-type change mechanism as shown in FIG. 9, a double belt tension system as shown in FIG. 10, that is, a high-speed belt tension (moving speed) 53 and a low-speed use which are passed between the engine E and the HST 23. It is also possible to configure so that the moving speed and the working speed can be easily switched by switching to the belt tension (working speed) 54. Further, as shown in FIG. 11, in the configuration in which power is transmitted from the engine E → the change gear mechanism 51 → the HST 23 → the traveling mission 52, the pump 55 is installed on the input shaft 51 a of the change gear mechanism 51. It is said. Since the pump is usually provided on the input shaft of the HST, the lateral width of the vehicle body becomes wide and it is difficult to integrate the pump and the valve. However, the above arrangement of the pump can solve the problem. it can.

  The configuration example shown in FIG. 12 relates to shift control by a combination of gear drive and Velcon drive, and is driven by a neutral Belcon 57 having a neutral RBB in the input pulley section 56, and on the Belcon input shaft 58. The vehicle is driven by a low speed gear mechanism 60 (60a, 60b, 60c) via a one-way clutch 59 provided at the vehicle. It is configured to make changes. In short, since the Belcon is neutral at low speed, the rotational power from the engine E is decelerated by the low speed gear mechanism 60 via the one-way clutch and transmitted to the travel input shaft 61.

  At medium to high speeds, the cam of the bell-con input section closes and power is transmitted to the bell-con 57, and the rotational power is switched to the transmission path from the bell-con if the rotation of the travel input shaft exceeds the rotation via the one-way clutch 59.

  Since the conventional Belcon has a narrow speed range, the start speed is fast and it is not possible to start smoothly with respect to the HST. According to the said structure, it becomes possible to drive | work without a clutch from an ultra-low speed to a high speed area with one lever.

  As shown in FIG. 13, when the throttle is returned to the idling state when the gear drive is switched to the Belcon drive, a smooth shift operation can be performed and the shift shock can be reduced. Further, as shown in FIG. 14, the shift lever 39a is set to low-speed gear drive in the initial range in the forward shift operation range from the N position to the F position, and to the Belcon drive in the final range, and from the N position to the R position. In the initial range in the reverse shift operation range, the low speed gear drive is used, and in the final range, the Belcon drive is used, so that the operation performance equivalent to HST can be exhibited with high efficiency.

Next, the embodiment shown in FIGS. 15 to 17 will be described.
A pitman arm sensor 20 for detecting whether or not the vehicle is in a turning state greater than or equal to a predetermined value on the left and right is provided on the pitman arm 18 that is operated by a turning operation of the steering handle. When the pitman arm sensor 20 detects, for example, whether it is in a left turn state, the side clutch motor 65 is driven by the side clutch operation arm sensor 64 of the side clutch operation arm 63, and the left operation rod 66L, the left side clutch The left side clutch is configured to be “disengaged” via the shifter arm 67L. When making a right turn, the right side clutch of the inner wheel on the inside of the turn is turned off by turning the steering wheel to the right above a predetermined value.

  During such turning, in this example, when the sensor 68 of the sub-shift lever 47 is in the “moving speed” (road speed) state position, the HST operating motor 41 decelerates to a predetermined speed. It is configured to ensure safety.

  As an alternative to this example, instead of interlocking with the sub-shift lever, it is interlocked with the throttle lever of the engine, and when the vehicle speed is high at the moving speed, the steering handle is turned more than a predetermined value when turning. In conjunction with this, the throttle can be automatically decelerated to the low speed side.

  The embodiment shown in FIG. 18 has a configuration in which a scraper 70 is provided to scrape down the mud lifted by the lug 3r of the rear wheel 3 when the vehicle is moving backward. The scraper 70 is set at a height position near the axle 3 a on the front side of the rear wheel 3, and is mounted and supported on a vehicle body frame 1 a protruding upward from the vehicle body 1. Therefore, even if the rear wheel rotates in the reverse direction when traveling backward, the presence of the scraper can eliminate mud and carry the headland. Moreover, according to this structure, even if it exists in the rice transplanter which has a rolling function, it does not become an obstacle at the time of rolling, but the fall of leveling performance can be prevented.

Side view of rice transplanter Top view of rice transplanter Top view of the main part Top view of the lever guide of the shift lever Control block circuit diagram Side view showing the interlocking relationship between the shift lever and the throttle Side view Figure showing the relationship between the forward / reverse speed change operation system and the engine speed Engine, change mechanism, HST, mission related plan Top view of the main part Related top view of the main part Plan view showing the related configuration of gear drive and Belcon drive Graph showing the relationship between engine speed and vehicle speed Shift lever operation path explanatory diagram Top view of rice transplanter main part Control block circuit diagram flowchart Side view of main parts of rice transplanter

Explanation of symbols

23 HST (Hydraulic continuously variable transmission) 39 Shift lever 43 Lever guide plate 44f Forward lever guide groove 44r Reverse lever guide groove 45 Resistance protrusion

Claims (2)

  A shift lever (39) that controls the forward / backward movement of the airframe by a forward / backward rotation operation is provided, and the maximum speed in the forward shift operation range by the shift lever (39) is faster than that in the reverse shift operation range. And the lever guide groove (44f) in the forward shift operation region is provided so as to be appropriately inclined in the direction in which the operation resistance is applied with respect to the rotation operation direction (A) of the shift lever (39). Vehicle.   The traveling vehicle according to claim 1, wherein a stepped resistance protrusion (45) is formed on the inclined guide surface of the lever guide groove (44f) in the forward shift operation region.

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