JP2006217799A - Permanent magnet type reluctance rotary electric machine - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a small permanent magnet type reluctance rotary electric machine which can perform variable speed operation over a wide range from low speed to high speed with high output. <P>SOLUTION: The permanent magnet type reluctance rotary electric machine comprises a stator formed of a stator core having an armature winding contained in slots, and a rotor formed of a rotor core provided with a plurality of magnetic barriers by cavities formed on the inside of the stator such that a portion (d-axis) passing magnetic flux easily and a portion (q-axis) not passing magnetic flux easily are formed alternately and arranged with permanent magnets in the cavities wherein the rotor satisfies a relation W<SB>dmin</SB>P/2πR≥65, assuming the shortest distance between the cavities and the permanent magnets arranged in a direction satisfying the relation of q-axis direction is W<SB>dmin</SB>, the number of poles is P, and the radius of the rotor is R [m]. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a permanent magnet type reluctance type rotating electrical machine that is capable of performing variable speed operation in a wide range from low speed to high speed rotation with a small size and high output by combining permanent magnets.

  FIG. 11 is a radial cross-sectional view showing a configuration example of a conventional reluctance type rotating electric machine.

  In FIG. 11, a reluctance type rotating electric machine includes a stator 1 formed of a stator core 2 in which electromagnetic steel plates each having an armature winding 3 housed in a slot 7 are laminated, and an inner side of the stator 1. And a rotor 10 which is formed of a rotor core 4 which is uneven and which is positioned.

    Such a conventional reluctance type rotating electric machine does not require a coil for forming a field in the rotor 10, and the rotor 10 can be constituted only by the rotor core 4 having unevenness.

    For this reason, the reluctance type rotating electrical machine is simple and inexpensive.

    Next, the principle of generating the output of this type of reluctance type rotating electrical machine will be described.

    In the reluctance type rotating electric machine, since the rotor 10 has irregularities, the magnetic resistance is small at the convex portion and the magnetic resistance is large at the concave portion.

    That is, the magnetic energy stored by passing a current through the armature winding 3 is different between the convex portion and the gap portion on the concave portion. An output is generated by this change in magnetic energy.

    Further, the convex portion and the concave portion are not limited to the geometrical shape, but may be any shape that can magnetically form concaves and convexes (the magnetic resistance and the magnetic flux density distribution differ depending on the position of the rotor 10).

    On the other hand, there is a permanent magnet rotating electric machine as another high-performance rotating electric machine. This permanent magnet rotating electric machine has the same armature as the reluctance type rotating electric machine, but the rotor has permanent magnets arranged almost all around the rotor core and the rotor.

  By the way, such a conventional rotating electrical machine has the following technical problems to be solved.

    That is, in the reluctance type rotating electrical machine, the magnetic resistance varies depending on the rotational position and the magnetic flux density also changes due to the irregularities on the surface of the rotor core 4. And this energy changes magnetic energy by this change, and an output is obtained.

    However, as the current increases, local magnetic saturation expands at the convex portion of the rotor core 4 that serves as a magnetic pole (which is a portion through which magnetic flux easily passes, hereinafter referred to as the d-axis).

    As a result, the magnetic flux leaking to the concave portion of the tooth between the magnetic poles (which is difficult to pass through the magnetic flux, hereinafter referred to as the q axis) increases, the effective magnetic flux decreases, and the output decreases.

    Alternatively, considering magnetic energy, the change in the gap magnetic flux density becomes gentle and the change in magnetic energy becomes small due to the leakage magnetic flux generated by the magnetic saturation of the iron core teeth.

    For this reason, the increase rate of the output with respect to the current decreases, and the output is eventually saturated. Also, the q-axis leakage magnetic flux induces an invalid voltage and lowers the power factor.

    On the other hand, there is a permanent magnet rotating electric machine using a rare earth permanent magnet having a high magnetic energy product as another type of high output rotating electric machine.

    Since this permanent magnet rotating electric machine has a permanent magnet arranged on the surface of the rotor core, a high magnetic field can be formed in the gap of the rotating electric machine by applying a high energy permanent magnet to the field magnet. And high output is possible.

    However, since the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet is constant, the voltage induced in the armature winding during high speed rotation increases proportionally.

    Therefore, when performing variable speed operation over a wide range from low speed to high speed, the field magnetic flux cannot be reduced. Therefore, if the power supply voltage is constant, it is difficult to perform constant output operation over twice the base speed. It is.

    An object of the present invention is to provide a permanent magnet type reluctance type rotating electrical machine that is small and has high output and can perform a wide range of variable speed operation from low speed to high speed rotation.

In order to achieve the above object, in the invention corresponding to claim 1, a stator formed of a stator core having an armature winding housed in a slot, and positioned inside the stator. A rotor in which a plurality of magnetic barriers are provided by cavities so that magnetic flux easily passing portions (d-axis) and magnetic flux passing portions (q-axis) are alternately formed, and permanent magnets are disposed in the cavities. In a permanent magnet type reluctance type rotating electrical machine configured with a rotor formed of an iron core, the rotor has an average thickness of the rotor core on the outer side in the radial direction of the rotor arranged in the q-axis direction. When W _qave [m], the width in the circumferential direction of the cavity is L [m], the number of poles is P, and the radius of the rotor is R [m], the configuration satisfies PL / 2πRW _qave ≧ 130. is doing.

Therefore, in the permanent magnet type reluctance type rotating electrical machine of the invention corresponding to claim 1, since the rotor can obtain a high torque by satisfying the relationship of PL / 2πRW _qave ≧ 130, the high output and the low speed can be obtained. A wide range of variable speed operation up to high speed rotation can be performed.

In the invention corresponding to claim 2, in the permanent magnet type reluctance type rotating electrical machine of the invention corresponding to claim 1, the rotor is configured to satisfy the relationship of PL / 2πRW _qave ≧ 200.

Therefore, in the permanent magnet type reluctance type rotating electrical machine according to the second aspect of the present invention, the rotor can obtain a higher torque by satisfying the relationship of PL / 2πRW _qave ≧ 200. A wide range of variable speed operation from low speed to high speed rotation can be performed with output.

    Furthermore, in the invention corresponding to claim 3, in the permanent magnet type reluctance type rotating electrical machine of the invention corresponding to claim 1 or claim 2, the cavity arranged in the q-axis direction is directed to the outer periphery in the rotor radial direction. It is letting through.

    Therefore, in the permanent magnet type reluctance type rotating electrical machine of the invention corresponding to claim 3, a particularly high torque is obtained at low speed rotation by allowing the cavity arranged in the q-axis direction to penetrate to the outer peripheral portion in the radial direction of the rotor. Therefore, it is possible to perform variable speed operation over a wide range from low speed to high speed rotation with higher output.

On the other hand, in the invention corresponding to claim 4, a stator formed of a stator iron core having an armature winding housed in a slot, and a portion that is located inside the stator and is easy to pass magnetic flux ( a rotor formed of a rotor core in which a plurality of magnetic barriers are provided by a cavity and permanent magnets are disposed in the cavity so that d-axis) and portions where the magnetic flux is difficult to pass (q-axis) are alternately formed. In the permanent-magnet-type reluctance type rotating electrical machine that includes the rotor, the rotor has a minimum distance W _dmin between the cavity disposed in the q-axis direction and the permanent magnet, P is the number of poles, and the radius of the rotor _Is R [m], so that the relationship of W _dmin P / 2πR ≧ 65 is satisfied.

Therefore, in the permanent magnet type reluctance type rotating electrical machine according to the fourth aspect of the present invention, the rotor can obtain a high torque by satisfying the relationship of W _dmin P / 2πR ≧ 65. Can be operated in a wide range from variable speed to high speed rotation.

In the invention corresponding to claim 5, in the permanent magnet type reluctance type rotating electrical machine of the invention corresponding to claim 4, the rotor is configured to satisfy the relationship of W _dmin P / 2πR ≧ 87. .

Therefore, in the permanent magnet type reluctance type rotating electrical machine according to the fifth aspect of the present invention, the rotor can obtain a higher torque by satisfying the relationship of W _dmin P / 2πR ≧ 87. A wide range of variable speed operation from high speed to low speed to high speed can be performed.

On the other hand, in the invention corresponding to claim 6, a stator formed of a stator core having an armature winding housed in a slot, and a portion that is located inside the stator and is easy to pass magnetic flux ( a rotor formed of a rotor core in which a plurality of magnetic barriers are provided by a cavity and permanent magnets are disposed in the cavity so that d-axis) and portions where the magnetic flux is difficult to pass (q-axis) are alternately formed. In the permanent magnet type reluctance type rotating electrical machine configured with the rotor, the rotor has an average distance W _dave between the cavity arranged in the q-axis direction and the permanent magnet, P is the number of poles, and the radius of the rotor When R is [m], the relationship 95 ≦ W _dave P / 2πR ≦ 160 is satisfied.

Therefore, in the permanent magnet type reluctance type rotating electrical machine according to the sixth aspect of the present invention, the rotor can obtain a high torque by satisfying the relationship of 95 ≦ W _dave P / 2πR ≦ 160. This makes it possible to perform a wide range of variable speed operation from low speed to high speed.

In the invention corresponding to claim 7, in the permanent magnet type reluctance type rotating electrical machine of the invention corresponding to claim 6, the rotor is configured to satisfy the relationship of 110 ≦ W _dave P / 2πR ≦ 130. ing.

Therefore, in the permanent magnet type reluctance type rotating electrical machine of the invention corresponding to claim 7, since the rotor can obtain a higher torque by satisfying the relationship of 110 ≦ W _dave P / 2πR ≦ 130, It becomes possible to perform variable speed operation in a wide range from low speed to high speed rotation with higher output.

    On the other hand, in the invention corresponding to claim 8, in the permanent magnet type reluctance type rotating electrical machine of the invention corresponding to any one of claims 1, 2, and 4 to 7, in the q-axis direction, The width in the radial direction of the cavities arranged in the q-axis direction is increased as approaching the center.

    Therefore, in the permanent magnet type reluctance type rotating electrical machine of the invention corresponding to claim 8, the radial width of the cavity arranged in the q-axis direction becomes wider as it approaches the center in the q-axis direction, so that it is even higher. Since torque can be obtained, it is possible to perform variable speed operation in a wide range from low speed to high speed rotation with higher output.

    Further, in the invention corresponding to claim 9, in the permanent magnet type reluctance type rotating electrical machine of the invention corresponding to any one of claims 1, 2, and 4 to 7, in the q-axis direction. The angle of the permanent magnet is changed so that the distance between the cavity and the permanent magnet is maximized on the inner diameter side of the center in the q-axis direction of the cavity.

    Therefore, in the permanent magnet type reluctance type rotating electrical machine of the invention corresponding to claim 9, the distance between the cavity arranged in the q-axis direction and the permanent magnet is maximum on the inner diameter side of the center in the q-axis direction of the cavity. As described above, since a higher torque can be obtained by changing the angle of the permanent magnet, it is possible to perform a variable speed operation in a wide range from a low speed to a high speed rotation at a higher output.

On the other hand, in the invention corresponding to the tenth aspect, a stator formed of a stator core having an armature winding housed in a slot, and a portion that is located on the inner side of the stator and through which magnetic flux easily passes ( a rotor formed of a rotor core in which a plurality of magnetic barriers are provided by a cavity and permanent magnets are disposed in the cavity so that d-axis) and portions where the magnetic flux is difficult to pass (q-axis) are alternately formed. In the permanent magnet type reluctance type rotating electrical machine configured with the stator, the stator has a pitch of 0.45 ≦ W _t / τ when the slot pitch is τ [m] and the teeth width is W _t [m]. It is configured to satisfy the relationship of ≦ 0.8.

Therefore, in the permanent magnet type reluctance type rotating electrical machine according to the tenth aspect of the present invention, the stator can obtain a high torque by satisfying the relationship of 0.45 ≦ W _t /τ≦0.8. It is possible to perform variable speed operation in a wide range from low speed to high speed with high output.

Further, in the invention corresponding to claim 11, in the permanent magnet type reluctance type rotating electrical machine of the invention corresponding to any one of claims 1, 2, and 4 to 10, the stator is: When the slot pitch is τ [m] and the tooth width is W _t [m], the relationship 0.45 ≦ W _t /τ≦0.8 is satisfied.

Therefore, in the permanent magnet type reluctance type rotating electrical machine of the invention corresponding to claim 11, the stator satisfies the relationship of 0.45 ≦ W _t /τ≦0.8, whereby the above claims 1 and 2 are satisfied. Compared to the invention corresponding to any one of claims 4 to 10, since a higher torque can be obtained, a wider range of variable speed operation from low speed to high speed rotation is performed with higher output. It becomes possible.

  According to the permanent magnet type reluctance type rotating electrical machine of the present invention, a rotating electrical machine having a large inductance difference depending on the rotor position can be obtained, and a high torque can be obtained. It is possible to perform variable speed operation.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

    (First Embodiment) FIG. 1 is a radial sectional view showing a configuration example of a permanent magnet type reluctance type rotating electrical machine according to this embodiment, and the same elements as those in FIG. ing. As shown in FIG. 1, the permanent magnet type reluctance type rotating electrical machine according to the present embodiment is a fixed core formed of a stator core 2 in which electromagnetic steel plates having armature windings 3 housed in slots 7 are laminated. A plurality of magnetic barriers are provided by the cavity 5 so that the d-axis and the q-axis are alternately formed so as to be located inside the stator 1 and the stator 1, and the permanent magnet 6 is disposed in the cavity 5. And a rotor 10 formed of the rotor core 4.

    In addition, 8 has shown the iron core tooth. FIG. 2 is an enlarged radial sectional view showing a part of the rotor 10 in FIG. 1 in detail.

    As shown in FIG. 2, a plurality of cavities 5 exist in the rotor core 4 of the rotor 10, and permanent magnets 6 are inserted into portions arranged in a V shape.

    FIG. 3 is an enlarged radial sectional view showing a part of the rotor 10 in FIG. 1 in detail.

As shown in FIG. 3, the rotor 10 has an average thickness W _qave [m] of the rotor core 4 outside the rotor radial direction of the cavity 5 arranged in the q-axis direction and the circumferential width of the cavity 5. Is L [m], the number of poles is P, and the radius of the rotor 10 is R [m], it is configured to satisfy the relationship PL / 2πRW _qave ≧ 130.

Rotor 10 is more preferably configured to satisfy the relationship PL / 2πRW _qave ≧ 200.

Next, in the permanent magnet type reluctance type rotating electrical machine according to the present embodiment configured as described above, the rotor 10 obtains a high torque by satisfying the relationship of PL / 2πRW _qave ≧ 130. be able to.

    Hereinafter, this point will be described in detail. The rotor 10 has magnetic resistance irregularities due to the cavity 5. The gap magnetic flux density is high at a location where the magnetic resistance is low (d-axis), whereas the gap magnetic flux density is low at a location where the magnetic resistance is high (q-axis). A reluctance torque is generated by the change in the magnetic flux density.

When the number of poles is P, as shown in FIG. 3, the radius R [m] of the rotor 10 and the thickness W _q of the rotor core 4 outside the rotor radial direction of the cavity 5 arranged in the q-axis direction When the average thickness W _qave [m] and the circumferential width L [m] of the cavity 5 are given, the magnetism in the thickness of the rotor core 4 on the outer side in the rotor radial direction of the cavity 5 arranged in the q-axis direction. The resistance is proportional to PL / 2πRW _qave .

FIG. 4 is a dependence characteristic diagram showing the results of examining the relationship between PL / 2πRW _qave and torque when an analysis is performed on a model designed with 8 poles and a radius of rotor 10 of 0.08 [m]. .

From FIG. 4, it can be seen that PL / 2πRW _qave ≧ 130 can obtain 95% or more of the maximum torque obtained this time and a torque higher than the torque obtained by the conventional design.

More preferably, a torque of 99% or more of the maximum torque can be generated with PL / 2πRW _qave ≧ 200.

    As described above, a high torque can be obtained, and as a result, a wide range of variable speed operation from low speed to high speed can be performed with high output (output = torque × rotational speed). (Modification 1) In the present embodiment, the cavity 5 disposed in the q-axis direction may be configured to protrude through the outer periphery of the rotor in the radial direction.

    In the permanent magnet type reluctance type rotating electrical machine having such a configuration, a particularly high torque can be obtained at low speed rotation by projecting the cavity 5 arranged in the q-axis direction to the outer peripheral portion in the rotor radial direction.

Hereinafter, this point will be described in detail. The design with a large PL / 2πRW _qave means that the average thickness W _qave of the rotor core 4 on the radially outer side of the cavity 5 arranged in the q-axis direction is thin, with a large number of poles, a small radius, It is conceivable that the circumferential width of the cavity 5 is wide.

In practice, however, the number of poles and the radius of the rotor 10 are largely determined by the design specifications. Therefore, W _qave and L can be actually operated.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the results of examining the W _qave dependence characteristics of torque.

From FIG. 5, when W _qave ≦ 1 mm, a higher torque was obtained than in the conventional design. This is because the thickness of the rotor core 4 at the outer periphery in the rotor radial direction of the cavity 5 arranged in the q-axis direction is set to a thickness within the above-mentioned numerical limit range so that the q-axis with respect to the d-axis magnetic flux distributed in this portion Axial magnetic flux can be minimized.

At this time, the difference between the magnetic flux density in the d-axis direction and the magnetic flux density in the q-axis direction increases, and the reluctance torque increases. When W _qave = 0, the reluctance torque increases particularly remarkably.

    As described above, it is possible to perform variable speed operation in a wide range from low speed to high speed rotation with higher output.

On the other hand, in the high speed rotation region, when W _qave = 0, the problem of windage loss occurs. Therefore, for example, when used in a high-speed rotating machine or the like, the cavity core 4 arranged in the q-axis direction has a rotor core 4 than the configuration (W _qave = 0) protruding through the outer periphery of the rotor in the radial direction. It is more preferable to have a structure in which a thin wall thickness (0 <W _qave ≦ 1 [mm]) is given to the outer peripheral portion in the radial direction. (Modification 2) In the present embodiment (configuration shown in FIG. 3), the width in the radial direction of the cavity 5 arranged in the q-axis direction may be increased as approaching the center in the q-axis direction. In the permanent magnet reluctance type rotating electrical machine having such a configuration, the magnetic resistance is increased in the q-axis direction by increasing the radial width of the cavity 5 arranged in the q-axis direction as it approaches the center in the q-axis direction. Maximum.

    At this time, the difference between the magnetic flux density in the d-axis direction and the magnetic flux density in the q-axis direction becomes large, and the reluctance torque becomes maximum.

    As described above, since a higher torque can be obtained, it is possible to perform a variable speed operation in a wide range from a low speed to a high speed rotation with a higher output.

    (Modification 3) In the present embodiment (configuration of FIG. 3), the distance between the cavity 5 arranged in the q-axis direction and the permanent magnet 6 is maximum on the inner diameter side of the center of the cavity 5 in the q-axis direction. As such, the angle of the permanent magnet 6 may be changed. In the permanent magnet type reluctance rotating electrical machine having such a configuration, the distance between the cavity 5 arranged in the q-axis direction and the permanent magnet 6 is maximized on the inner diameter side of the center of the cavity 5 in the q-axis direction. By changing the angle of the permanent magnet 6, the magnet magnetic flux easily goes out to the outer periphery of the rotor, and the torque is further improved.

    As described above, since a higher torque can be obtained, it is possible to perform a variable speed operation in a wide range from a low speed to a high speed rotation with a higher output.

As described above, in the permanent magnet type reluctance rotary electric machine according to the present embodiment, the average thickness of the rotor core 4 on the outer side in the rotor radial direction of the cavity 5 arranged in the q-axis direction is _expressed as W _qave [m], When the circumferential width of the cavity 5 is L [m], the number of poles is P, and the radius of the rotor 10 is R [m], the rotor 10 is PL / 2πRW _qave ≧ 130, more preferably PL / Since it is configured to satisfy the relationship of 2πRW _qave ≧ 200, it is possible to perform a wide range of variable speed operation from low speed to high speed rotation with a small size and high output.

(Second Embodiment) FIG. 6 is an enlarged radial sectional view showing the details of a part of a rotor 10 in a permanent magnet type reluctance type rotating electrical machine according to the present embodiment, which is the same as FIGS. Elements are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof is omitted, and only different parts are described here. As shown in FIG. 6, the rotor 10 of the permanent magnet type reluctance type rotating electrical machine of the present embodiment has a shortest distance W _dmin between the cavity 5 arranged in the q-axis direction and the permanent magnet 6 and the number of poles. _Is P and the radius of the rotor 10 is R [m], the relationship W _dmin P / 2πR ≧ 65 is satisfied.

The rotor 10 is more preferably configured to satisfy the relationship W _dmin P / 2πR ≧ 87.

Next, in the permanent magnet type reluctance type rotating electrical machine according to the present embodiment configured as described above, the rotor 10 is further increased by satisfying the relationship of W _dmin P / 2πR ≧ 65. Torque can be obtained.

Hereinafter, this point will be described in detail. 7, the distance between the cavity 5 arranged in the q-axis direction and the permanent magnet 6 is W _d , the shortest distance is W _dmin , the number of poles is P, and the radius of the rotor 10 is shown in FIG. FIG. 6 is a dependence characteristic diagram showing the results of examining the relationship between PW _dmin / 2πR and torque when R is [R].

FIG. 7 shows that when PW _dmin / 2πR ≧ 65 is satisfied, 95% or more of the maximum torque obtained this time and a torque higher than the torque obtained by the conventional design can be obtained.

More preferably, 99% or more of the maximum torque can be generated with PW _dmin / 2πR ≧ 87.

Here, the number of poles and the radius of the rotor 10 are generally determined by the design specifications. Therefore, it can be considered that PW _dmin / 2πR is proportional to W _dmin .

That is, when W _dmin is large, magnetic saturation occurring in the rotor core 4 between the cavity 5 arranged in the q-axis direction and the permanent magnet 6 is reduced, the magnetic flux in the d-axis direction is increased, and the reluctance torque is reduced. It means to be higher.

    As described above, a much higher torque can be obtained. As a result, a wide range of variable speed operation from low speed to high speed can be performed with high output (output = torque × rotational speed). (Modification 1) In the present embodiment (configuration shown in FIG. 6), the width in the radial direction of the cavity 5 arranged in the q-axis direction may be increased as approaching the center in the q-axis direction. In the permanent magnet reluctance type rotating electrical machine having such a configuration, the magnetic resistance is increased in the q-axis direction by increasing the radial width of the cavity 5 arranged in the q-axis direction as it approaches the center in the q-axis direction. Maximum.

    At this time, the difference between the magnetic flux density in the d-axis direction and the magnetic flux density in the q-axis direction becomes large, and the reluctance torque becomes maximum.

    As described above, since a higher torque can be obtained, it is possible to perform a variable speed operation in a wide range from a low speed to a high speed rotation with a higher output.

    (Modification 2) In the present embodiment (configuration of FIG. 6), the distance between the cavity 5 arranged in the q-axis direction and the permanent magnet 6 is maximum on the inner diameter side of the center of the cavity 5 in the q-axis direction. As such, the angle of the permanent magnet 6 may be changed. In the permanent magnet type reluctance rotating electrical machine having such a configuration, the distance between the cavity 5 arranged in the q-axis direction and the permanent magnet 6 is maximized on the inner diameter side of the center of the cavity 5 in the q-axis direction. By changing the angle of the permanent magnet 6, the magnet magnetic flux easily goes out to the outer periphery of the rotor, and the torque is further improved.

    As described above, since a higher torque can be obtained, it is possible to perform a variable speed operation in a wide range from a low speed to a high speed rotation with a higher output.

As described above, in the permanent magnet type reluctance type rotating electrical machine according to the present embodiment, the shortest distance between the cavity 5 and the permanent magnet 6 arranged in the q-axis direction is W _dmin , the number of poles is P, and the rotor 10 The rotor 10 is configured so as to satisfy the relationship of W _dmin P / 2πR ≧ 65, more preferably W _dmin P / 2πR ≧ 87, where It is possible to perform a wide range of variable speed operation from low speed to high speed rotation with higher output.

(Third Embodiment) FIG. 6 is an enlarged radial sectional view showing the details of a part of a rotor 10 in a permanent magnet type reluctance type rotating electrical machine according to this embodiment, which is the same as FIG. 1 to FIG. Elements are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof is omitted, and only different parts are described here. As shown in FIG. 6, the rotor 10 of the permanent magnet type reluctance type rotating electrical machine of the present embodiment has an average distance W _d between the cavity 5 and the permanent magnet 6 arranged in the q-axis direction. _{When dave} , the number of poles is P, and the radius of the rotor 10 is R [m], the relationship 95 ≦ W _dave P / 2πR ≦ 160 is satisfied.

The rotor 10 is more preferably configured to satisfy the relationship 110 ≦ W _dave P / 2πR ≦ 130.

Next, in the permanent magnet type reluctance type rotating electrical machine according to the present embodiment configured as described above, the rotor 10 is made to satisfy the relationship of 95 ≦ W _dave P / 2πR ≦ 160. A higher torque can be obtained.

Hereinafter, this point will be described in detail. In FIG. 8, as shown in FIG. 6, the average distance of the distance W _d between the cavity 5 arranged in the q-axis direction and the permanent magnet 6 is W _dave , the number of poles is P, and the radius of the rotor 10 is R It is a dependence characteristic figure which shows the result of having investigated about the relationship between _PWdave / 2 ( _{pi) R} and a torque when it is set as [m].

FIG. 8 shows that when 95 ≦ PW _dave / 2πR ≦ 160 is satisfied, it is possible to obtain 95% or more of the maximum torque obtained this time and a torque higher than the torque obtained by the conventional design.

More preferably, it is possible to generate a torque of 99% or more of the maximum torque with 110 ≦ PW _dave / 2πR ≦ 130.

Here, the number of poles and the radius of the rotor 10 are generally determined by the design specifications. Therefore, it may be considered that PW _dave / 2πR is proportional to W _dave .

That is, when W _dave is large, magnetic saturation occurring in the rotor core 4 between the cavity 5 arranged in the q-axis direction and the permanent magnet 10 is reduced, and the reluctance torque is increased, but W _dave is increased. If it is too large, the magnetic resistance in the q-axis direction becomes small, which means that the reluctance torque decreases.

    As described above, a much higher torque can be obtained. As a result, a wide range of variable speed operation from low speed to high speed can be performed with high output (output = torque × rotational speed). (Modification 1) In the present embodiment (configuration shown in FIG. 6), the width in the radial direction of the cavity 5 arranged in the q-axis direction may be increased as approaching the center in the q-axis direction. In the permanent magnet reluctance type rotating electrical machine having such a configuration, the magnetic resistance is increased in the q-axis direction by increasing the radial width of the cavity 5 arranged in the q-axis direction as it approaches the center in the q-axis direction. Maximum.

    At this time, the difference between the magnetic flux density in the d-axis direction and the magnetic flux density in the q-axis direction becomes large, and the reluctance torque becomes maximum.

    As described above, since a higher torque can be obtained, it is possible to perform a variable speed operation in a wide range from a low speed to a high speed rotation with a higher output.

    (Modification 2) In the present embodiment (configuration of FIG. 6), the distance between the cavity 5 arranged in the q-axis direction and the permanent magnet 6 is maximum on the inner diameter side of the center of the cavity 5 in the q-axis direction. As such, the angle of the permanent magnet 6 may be changed. In the permanent magnet type reluctance rotating electrical machine having such a configuration, the distance between the cavity 5 arranged in the q-axis direction and the permanent magnet 6 is maximized on the inner diameter side of the center of the cavity 5 in the q-axis direction. By changing the angle of the permanent magnet 6, the magnet magnetic flux easily goes out to the outer periphery of the rotor, and the torque is further improved.

    As described above, since a higher torque can be obtained, it is possible to perform a variable speed operation in a wide range from a low speed to a high speed rotation with a higher output.

As described above, in the permanent-magnet reluctance electrical rotary machine according to this embodiment, W and average distance of the distance W _d between the cavities 5 and the permanent magnet 6 arranged in the q-axis direction _dave, the number of poles P When the radius of the rotor 10 is R [m], the rotor 10 is configured to satisfy the relationship of 95 ≦ W _dave P / 2πR ≦ 160, more preferably 110 ≦ W _dave P / 2πR ≦ 130. Therefore, it is possible to perform a variable speed operation in a wide range from low speed to high speed rotation with a small size and higher output.

(Fourth Embodiment) FIG. 9 is an enlarged radial sectional view showing a part of the details of a stator 1 in a permanent magnet type reluctance type rotating electrical machine according to this embodiment, which is the same as FIG. 1 and FIG. Elements are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof is omitted, and only different parts are described here. As shown in FIG. 9, the stator 1 of the permanent magnet type reluctance type rotating electrical machine of the present embodiment has a pitch of the slots 11 of τ [m] and a teeth width (stator core tooth width) of W _t [m]. In this case, it is configured to satisfy the relationship of 0.45 ≦ W _t /τ≦0.8.

Next, in the permanent magnet type reluctance type rotating electrical machine according to the present embodiment configured as described above, the stator 1 satisfies the relationship of 0.45 ≦ W _t /τ≦0.8. Thus, a high torque can be obtained.

Hereinafter, this point will be described in detail. The pitch τ [m] of the slots 11 and the tooth width W _t [m] are set, and the current density is adjusted to suppress the heat generation to a predetermined value or less.

    In general permanent magnet motors and induction motors, in order to obtain high torque and high output, as many conductors as possible are inserted into the slots to increase the ampere turn. As a result, the slot width is wider than the teeth width.

    When the tooth width is widened, the current density flowing in the slot increases, the absolute value of the energization current flowing in the slot at a certain level decreases, and the torque decreases.

    On the other hand, in the permanent magnet type reluctance type rotating electrical machine of the present embodiment, the following opposite results are shown.

That is, when the tooth width _Wt is reduced, magnetic saturation occurs in the tooth portion, the magnetic resistance of the tooth is increased, and the magnetic resistance viewed from the current is increased in the proportion of the magnetic resistance in the stator 1, so The resistance difference becomes relatively small. As a result, the reluctance torque decreases and the output decreases.

On the other hand, if wide teeth width W _t, although ampere turns decreases, the difference in magnetic resistance becomes larger, the resulting torque increases. Furthermore, since the absolute value of the inductance is reduced by reducing the ampere turn, the voltage source increases the output in the high speed region.

FIG. 10 is a dependency characteristic diagram showing the results of examining the relationship between W _t / τ and torque.

FIG. 10 shows that a high torque can be obtained in the region of 0.45 ≦ W _t /τ≦0.8.

As described above, a high torque can be obtained, and as a result, a wide range of variable speed operation from low speed to high speed can be performed with high output (output = torque × rotational speed). As described above, in the permanent magnet type reluctance type rotating electric machine according to the present embodiment, when the pitch of the slots 11 is τ [m] and the teeth width (stator core tooth width) is W _t [m], the fixed Since the child 1 is configured to satisfy the relationship of 0.45 ≦ W _t /τ≦0.8, it is possible to perform a wide range of variable speed operation from low speed to high speed rotation with a small size and high output. Become.

    (Other Embodiments) It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and can be implemented in various ways without departing from the scope of the invention. In addition, the embodiments may be implemented in appropriate combinations as much as possible, and in that case, combined effects can be obtained. For example, in the first to third embodiments, which are inventions related to the configuration of the rotor, any or all of the embodiments can be implemented in appropriate combination. Further, the first to third embodiments, which are inventions related to the configuration of the rotor, or a combination thereof, and the fourth embodiment, which is an invention related to the configuration of the stator, are appropriately combined. Can also be implemented. Further, the above embodiments include inventions at various stages, and various inventions can be extracted by appropriately combining a plurality of disclosed constituent elements. For example, even if some constituent requirements are deleted from all the constituent requirements shown in the embodiment, the problem (at least one) described in the column of the problem to be solved by the invention can be solved, and the effect of the invention can be solved. When (at least one of) the effects described in the column can be obtained, a configuration in which this configuration requirement is deleted can be extracted as an invention.

The radial direction sectional view showing the example of composition of the permanent magnet type reluctance type rotating electrical machine by the 1st thru / or the 3rd embodiment of the present invention. The radial direction expanded sectional view which shows the detailed structural example of a part of rotor in FIG. The radial direction expanded sectional view which shows the detailed structural example of a part of rotor in FIG. The dependence characteristic figure which shows the relationship between the torque and PL / 2 ( _pi) RW _qave in the permanent-magnet-type reluctance type rotary electric machine of the 1st Embodiment of the same invention. The W _qave dependence characteristic view of the torque in the permanent magnet type reluctance type rotating electrical machine of the first embodiment of the present invention. The radial direction expanded sectional view which shows the structural example of the permanent-magnet-type reluctance type rotary electric machine by the 2nd and 3rd embodiment of this invention. The figure which shows the _Wdmin P / 2 (pi) R dependence characteristic of the torque in the permanent-magnet-type reluctance type rotary electric machine of the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. The figure which shows the _Wdave P / 2 ( _{pi) R} dependence characteristic of the torque in the permanent-magnet-type reluctance type rotary electric machine of the 3rd Example of this invention. The radial direction expanded sectional view which shows the structural example of the permanent-magnet-type reluctance type rotary electric machine by the 4th Embodiment of this invention. Shows a W _t / tau dependence of torque in the fourth embodiment of the permanent-magnet reluctance electrical rotary machine of the present invention. Radial direction sectional drawing which shows the structural example of the conventional reluctance type rotary electric machine.

Explanation of symbols

_{DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS} 1 ... Stator 2 ... Stator iron core 3 ... Armature winding 4 ... Rotor iron core 5 ... Cavity 6 ... Permanent magnet 7 ... Slot 8 ... Iron core tooth 9 ... Rotor iron core 10 ... Rotor 11 ... Slot _Wqave ... q The average thickness L of the rotor core 4 on the radially outer side of the rotor 5 in the axial direction of the cavity 5 ... the width P in the circumferential direction of the cavity 5 ... the number of poles R ... the radius W _{dmin of the} rotor 10 ... in the q-axis direction The shortest distance W _dave between the arranged cavity 5 and the permanent magnet 6. The average distance τ of the distance W _d between the cavity 5 and the permanent magnet 6 arranged in the q-axis direction, the pitch of the slots 11,
W _t : Teeth width (stator core tooth width).

Claims (6)

A stator formed of a stator core having an armature winding housed in the slot, a portion that is located inside the stator and is easy to pass magnetic flux (d-axis), and a portion that is difficult to pass magnetic flux (q And a rotor formed of a rotor core having a permanent magnet disposed in the cavity, and a permanent magnet type reluctance composed of a plurality of magnetic barriers provided in the cavity. In the type rotating electric machine, the rotor has an average thickness of the rotor core radially outside the rotor arranged in the q-axis direction as W _qave [m], a circumferential width of the cavity as L [m], When the number of poles is P and the radius of the rotor is R [m], the distance between the cavity disposed in the q-axis direction and the permanent magnet is configured to satisfy the relationship PL / 2πRW _qave ≧ 130 Of the permanent magnet so that the maximum is on the inner diameter side of the center in the q-axis direction of the cavity. Permanent-magnet reluctance electrical rotary machine, characterized in that so as to vary the degree. A stator formed of a stator core having an armature winding housed in the slot, a portion that is located inside the stator and is easy to pass magnetic flux (d-axis), and a portion that is difficult to pass magnetic flux (q And a rotor formed of a rotor core having a permanent magnet disposed in the cavity, and a permanent magnet type reluctance composed of a plurality of magnetic barriers provided in the cavity. In the type rotating electric machine, the rotor has an average thickness of the rotor core radially outside the rotor arranged in the q-axis direction as W _qave [m], a circumferential width of the cavity as L [m], When the number of poles is P and the radius of the rotor is R [m], the distance between the cavity arranged in the q-axis direction and the permanent magnet is configured to satisfy the relationship PL / 2πRW _qave ≧ 200 Of the permanent magnet so that the maximum is on the inner diameter side of the center in the q-axis direction of the cavity. Permanent-magnet reluctance electrical rotary machine, characterized in that so as to vary the degree. A stator formed of a stator core having an armature winding housed in the slot, a portion that is located inside the stator and is easy to pass magnetic flux (d-axis), and a portion that is difficult to pass magnetic flux (q And a rotor formed of a rotor core having a permanent magnet disposed in the cavity, and a permanent magnet type reluctance composed of a plurality of magnetic barriers provided in the cavity. In the type rotating electrical machine, the rotor has the following relationship when the shortest distance between the cavity arranged in the q-axis direction and the permanent magnet is W _dmin , the number of poles is P, and the rotor radius is R [m]. _dmin P / 2πR ≧ 65 so that the distance between the cavity arranged in the q-axis direction and the permanent magnet is maximized on the inner diameter side of the center in the q-axis direction of the cavity. Permanent-magnet-type re-drive, characterized in that the angle of the magnet is changed. Inductance rotating electric machine. A stator formed of a stator core having an armature winding housed in the slot, a portion that is located inside the stator and is easy to pass magnetic flux (d-axis), and a portion that is difficult to pass magnetic flux (q And a rotor formed of a rotor core having a permanent magnet disposed in the cavity, and a permanent magnet type reluctance composed of a plurality of magnetic barriers provided in the cavity. In the type rotating electrical machine, the rotor has the following relationship when the shortest distance between the cavity arranged in the q-axis direction and the permanent magnet is W _dmin , the number of poles is P, and the rotor radius is R [m]. _dmin P / 2πR ≧ 87 so that the distance between the cavity arranged in the q-axis direction and the permanent magnet is maximized on the inner diameter side of the center in the q-axis direction of the cavity. Permanent-magnet-type re-drive, characterized in that the angle of the magnet is changed. Inductance rotating electric machine. A stator formed of a stator core having an armature winding housed in the slot, a portion that is located inside the stator and is easy to pass magnetic flux (d-axis), and a portion that is difficult to pass magnetic flux (q And a rotor formed of a rotor core having a permanent magnet disposed in the cavity, and a permanent magnet type reluctance composed of a plurality of magnetic barriers provided in the cavity. In the rotary electric machine, the rotor is 95 when the average distance between the cavity arranged in the q-axis direction and the permanent magnet is W _dave , the number of poles is P, and the rotor radius is R [m]. ≦ W _dave P / 2πR ≦ 160 It is configured so that the distance between the cavity arranged in the q-axis direction and the permanent magnet is maximized on the inner diameter side at the center of the cavity in the q-axis direction. A permanent magnet characterized by changing the angle of the permanent magnet Stone type reluctance electric motor. A stator formed of a stator core having an armature winding housed in the slot, a portion that is located inside the stator and is easy to pass magnetic flux (d-axis), and a portion that is difficult to pass magnetic flux (q And a rotor formed of a rotor core having a permanent magnet disposed in the cavity, and a permanent magnet type reluctance composed of a plurality of magnetic barriers provided in the cavity. In the type rotating electric machine, the rotor is 110 when the average distance between the cavity arranged in the q-axis direction and the permanent magnet is W _dave , the number of poles is P, and the radius of the rotor is R [m]. ≦ W _dave P / 2πR ≦ 130 It is configured so that the distance between the cavity arranged in the q-axis direction and the permanent magnet becomes the center of the cavity in the q-axis direction as it approaches the center in the q-axis direction. Change the angle of the permanent magnet so that it is maximum on the inner diameter side of the Permanent-magnet reluctance electrical rotary machine, characterized in that the so that.

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