JP2006214151A - Outside reservoir institution of river course of river water in case of flood - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an outside reservoir institution of a river course capable of selectively taking river water in case of floods, storing it in an underground hollow or the like after the preparatory treatment has been applied thereto and being used for the utilization of a water storage such as water for living or the like at need. <P>SOLUTION: In the outside reservoir institution of the river course of river water in the case of floods constituted so that river water can be taken through an intake 3 in the case of floods, impurities contained in river water can be eliminated to tentatively store it and that river water is adjusted to enable a river water storage section to supply river water to a down-stream water purification institution, a dust-tight institution 20 formed by arranging disc construction screens 21 between an intake gate 10 consisting of an upper side gate 12 capable of adjusting an intake depth in accordance with the time of floods and a lower side gate 13 and an intake waterway 4 communicated with the back of the intake gate 10 is provided to the intake 3. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to an off-channel storage facility for river water during flooding, taking river water during flooding, pre-treating it, storing it in an underground cavity, etc., and using it for water storage operations such as domestic water as needed. Related to offshore river water storage facilities.

  If a large amount of river water that has been discharged at the time of flooding is stored in a storage facility with a predetermined capacity outside the river channel, new water for domestic use, industrial water, or agriculture can be obtained by storing water in the storage facility. It can be expected to generate new water usage that can be used for water. However, the river water at the time of flooding is likely to be muddy. Therefore, if the water is stored as it is, sand or the like flows into the storage facility and precipitates, which may impair the storage volume and impair the water storage function. Therefore, it is preferable to provide a pretreatment device or facility for river water.

  Therefore, the applicant has already proposed an off-channel storage facility for flood water that has solved this problem (see Patent Document 1). As shown in FIG. 10, the river water storage facility 50 at the time of flooding is taken in at a water intake 53 provided on the river bank upstream of the weir 52 provided in the river 51, and sent through the water channel 54. The pretreatment unit 55 for removing impurities contained in the river water, and temporarily storing the river water sent from the pretreatment unit 55, adjusting the flow rate of the river water and feeding it to a downstream water purification facility (not shown) It consists of a possible river water reservoir 56. In the pretreatment unit 55, the water supply system is switched to remove impurities contained in the river water in a predetermined pretreatment pond (not shown) and to perform sedimentation treatment, so that the river water is supplied to the outside river channel storage unit 56. It is designed to send water. In the proposed facility shown in FIG. 10, as pretreatment of river water that has become turbid due to flooding, coarse materials such as driftwood are prevented from flowing in at the intake 53, and sand, mud, and fine suspensions are pretreated. It is assumed that processing is performed by the unit 55.

JP2003-227149A.

  By the way, in the intake of river water during floods, it is necessary to reliably prevent floating substances such as driftwood and coarse materials from flowing into the storage facility as described above. For this purpose, generally, a grid-like screen or the like is installed at the water intake of the river to prevent inflow of floating substances. Also in Patent Document 1, a screen is provided on the surface of the water intake port to prevent a coarse material such as driftwood from flowing into the inflow channel 54 when taking muddy river water. At this time, in the conventional water intake facility of the water intake port, in order to prevent clogging of the screen, a mechanism or the like is provided to lift up the suspended matter that floats and stays near the screen surface. Then, the clogging work for removing suspended substances adhering to the screen surface is periodically performed, or when the clogging of the screen impedes the water intake, the clogging removal processing work is performed. For this reason, there is a problem that the maintenance work of the water intake equipment is heavy and the maintenance cost is considerable. By the way, when taking in river water during flooding, suspended matter etc. is contained in river water with a high flow velocity near the water surface, so if you can select the intake depth as needed, wasteful suspended matter will be taken in at the time of water intake. Can not be. In consideration of this point, it is preferable in terms of facility maintenance.

  In addition, in the invention disclosed in Patent Document 1, the quality of river water stored in a reservoir or a storage cavity is considerably improved, but if river water is stored for a long time in a storage cavity or the like, Fine suspensions mixed in the river water settle in the cavities and accumulate at the bottom of the reservoir cavities. For this reason, it is necessary to periodically take measures for cleaning the water storage cavity.

  Therefore, the object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems of the prior art and to effectively realize selective intake in the intake of river water during flooding, in the pretreatment facility such as suspended matter and coarse suspended matter. To provide an off-river river storage facility for flooding river water that prevents the inflow of water into the water and efficiently removes fine suspensions contained in the water stored in the storage cavities. is there.

  In order to achieve the above object, the present invention takes in river water at the time of flooding through a water intake, removes impurities contained in the river water and temporarily stores them, and adjusts the flow rate of the river water downstream. A river water storage facility outside a river channel composed of a river water storage unit capable of sending water to a water purification facility, wherein the water intake has a gate whose depth of intake can be adjusted according to the flood time, and a back surface of the gate A dust-proof means is provided between the intake channel and the intake channel.

  It is preferable that the gate divides the water intake into two stages when taking water during flooding, and takes river water during flooding according to an upper open state and a lower open state.

  It is preferable that the dust-proof means use a disk structure screen which is located on the back surface of the gate, covers the water intake, and is arranged in the water intake along the river water flow direction so as to form a predetermined mesh width.

  A river water storage unit that takes in river water at the time of flooding through a water intake, removes impurities contained in the river water, temporarily stores the water, adjusts the flow rate of the river water, and supplies the downstream water purification facility with water. The river water storage facility outside the river channel composed of the river water storage section, the bottom of the river water storage section is formed with a slope that can naturally flow the suspension mixed in the river water, along the slope A cleaning pipe is provided.

  The washing pipe is preferably supplied with high-pressure water or high-pressure air, and the high-pressure water or high-pressure air ejected from a jet outlet is preferably used to wash and remove the suspended sediment deposited on the bottom of the river water reservoir.

  Preferably, the river water reservoir is filled with gravel bodies having a predetermined range of particle diameters, and the suspension of river water is removed by a purification action by microorganisms adhering to the surface of the gravel bodies. In that case, it is preferable that an aeration pipe is piped in the river water storage part, and the air supplied from the aeration pipe is used to aerobize microorganisms adhering to the surface of the gravel-like body.

  According to the present invention, by adopting water intake timing and depth selective intake at the water intake, it is possible to efficiently take in river water during flooding with a relatively small load, and floating matter (suspension) The inflow of water can be prevented, and the effect of reducing the load on the above-described facility pretreatment device and the like can be achieved.

  In addition, it is possible to purify the stored water (river water) efficiently by purifying the fine suspended sediment layer to the downstream side when the stored water is sent by the purification means in the reservoir cavity, or by the contact oxidation method between gravel. There is an effect that can be performed.

  Hereinafter, the following embodiments will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings as the best mode for carrying out an out-of-channel storage facility for river water during flooding according to the present invention.

  FIG. 1 shows a reference drought flow rate that is effectively discharged during a flood or the like from a water intake 3 provided in front of the weir 52 as a water intake facility in the transverse direction of the river 1. It is the block diagram which showed typically the whole structure of the off-channel storage facility of the river water at the time of flooding which has arrange | positioned each facility so that the river flow rate exceeding 5 may be taken into the river water inflow channel 4. In this embodiment, a water storage facility (hereinafter referred to as a water storage cavity) as a water-sealed facility in which an underground cavity is installed under the groundwater surface using an underground cavity constructed in a solid bedrock as an extra-river storage facility. Assumed.

  In the present embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the water intake 3 is provided with a water intake gate 10 described later and a water intake dustproof device 20. In addition, a pipe tunnel that passes through the bedrock is used as the inflow water channel 4, and the channel tunnel is set to have a channel gradient and a channel cross section so that no impurities are clogged or settled inside. Further, a river water pretreatment facility 5 as a pretreatment section is provided in the river water inflow channel 4. Further, a water storage cavity 7 serving as an out-of-river channel storage facility having a predetermined water storage capacity is provided downstream of the river water pretreatment facility 5. The water supply from the water storage cavity 7 to an existing water purification plant (not shown) is either a natural flow or a pumping method depending on the water level relationship of the set water channel. In the present embodiment, a water supply control unit 8 such as a control valve capable of adjusting a water supply amount is provided in order to control water supply from the water storage cavity 7.

  The intake gate is configured to cover the intake port with a steel gate that can be moved up and down in two stages, as shown in enlarged views in FIGS. This intake gate 10 is composed of an upper gate 12 and a lower gate 13 that can be lifted and lowered independently along a guide rail 14 (see FIG. 4) by a lifting device (not shown), and at the normal water level shown in FIG. Are positioned vertically so that the upper gate 12 and the lower gate 13 do not overlap, and the water intake 3 is completely closed.

  In the present invention, as a measure for preventing floating or coarse materials generated during a flood from flowing into the water intake 3, the time for taking in the flood is selected while avoiding the early flood with a lot of suspended matter. It was. Specifically, as shown in FIGS. 3 (a) and 3 (b), the intake gate 10 lowers the upper gate 12 in its open state in accordance with the passage of time during flooding, change in water level, flow rate, etc. A state where the upper part of the water intake 3 is opened (upper open state) and a state where the lower gate 13 is raised and the lower part of the water intake 3 is opened (lower open state) can be selected as appropriate. This switching between the upper open state and the lower open state is because, for example, in the early stage of flood increase during floods, suspensions etc. that make river water turbid are contained more in river water with high flow velocity near the water surface. In order to suppress the intake of water, the lower open state where the intake water depth becomes deep is selected.

  Next, the structure of the water intake gate 10 of the water intake and the dustproof equipment for water intake will be described with reference to FIGS. 4 and 5. As shown in FIGS. 2 and 4, the intake gate 10 is a guide in which an upper gate 12 and a lower gate 13 arranged along an angle along a part of a slope of a river are provided along both sides of the gate. The rail 14 is supported by an elevating device (not shown) so as to be elevable.

  On the back side of the water intake gate 10 of the water intake 3, a water intake dustproof facility 20 is installed. It is important that the dust-prevention facility 20 for water intake has a function of taking only river water while preventing a large amount of suspended matter or coarse material flowing down from the intake port, for example, in the vicinity of the water surface during a flood. is there. Therefore, in this embodiment, a disk structure screen 21 is installed as the water intake dustproof facility 20. As shown in FIGS. 5A and 5B, the disk structure screen 21 has a plurality of discs 23 (disks) attached at predetermined intervals in the axial direction with the rotation longitudinal axis 22 as a central axis. In addition, a rotating body having a substantially cylindrical shape as a whole disk is used as a unit rotating body 24, and the unit rotating body 24 is arranged so as to close the water intake along the direction of the river water flow. The horizontal width of the disk structure screen 21 comprising the unit rotating body 24 is determined by the disk radius of the unit rotating body 24 and the arrangement interval along the water flow direction in the river of the unit rotating body 24, and the axial direction (vertical direction). The eye width can be set by adjusting the mounting interval of the disk 23 to the rotation longitudinal axis 22. That is, the unit rotators 24 are arranged so that the edges of the respective discs 23 are substantially in contact with the rotation longitudinal axis 22 of the unit rotators 24 arranged next to each other (a distance substantially equal to the disc radius), and By overlapping at the alternate positions in the height direction of the vertical axis 22, a screen with a predetermined vertical and horizontal width is formed between the unit rotating bodies 24. In this embodiment, the disc diameter is about φ450 mm, the horizontal mesh width is set to 200 mm, and the vertical mesh width is set to about 20 mm. The screen widths of these screens are preferably set as appropriate according to the expected flood level, the size of the intake port, etc. In view of the screening function, it is preferable that the length in the vertical direction is about 10 to 40 mm. The unit rotary bodies 24 arranged in this manner are given a rotational force of, for example, about one rotation per minute by a drive transmission mechanism (not shown) housed in the upper cover 25. By rotating 22, the entire unit rotating body 24 is synchronously rotated at a predetermined rotational speed in the direction of the arrow in the figure.

  As illustrated in FIGS. 5A and 5B, the disk structure screen 21 rotates at a constant angular velocity in the same arrow direction when water is taken, so that the screen is located at the water intake position, for example, along with the flow of river water during flooding. A relatively small floating substance that attempts to pass through 21 is placed on the rotating disk 23 and is further pushed back to the river outside the screen by the rotational force while moving on the adjacent disk 23 as it rotates. Thus, the inflow into the water channel 2 (FIG. 3) is prevented. As a result, it is possible to reliably prevent the suspension of the river water from being mixed with a suspension or a coarse material larger than the screen width during flood intake. For this reason, the load of the pretreatment device 5 on the water channel is reduced, and the pretreatment device 5 can be downsized.

  Here, with reference to FIG. 4, FIG. 5 (a), (b), the setting method of the intake time at the time of flood intake and the intake depth is demonstrated. First, since there are a lot of suspended matters that make river water turbid in the early stage of flooding during floods, in order to suppress the intake of these suspensions, the intake gate is used as shown in FIG. 10 is closed and water is not taken. Thereafter, in order to avoid suspended matters that are more contained in river water with a high flow velocity near the water surface, the lower open state where the water intake depth is deep is selected and water is taken. At this time, the floating coarse effluent etc. is blocked at the downstream weir 52 (FIG. 10) depending on the amount of water at the time of flooding, because the intake 3 near the water surface is blocked. Become. Then, when the suspension is diluted or settled, the water is switched to the upper open state.

[Removal of suspended sediment and water purification]
In the off-river river water storage facility shown in FIG. 1, the quality of the river water stored in the storage cavity 7 through the pretreatment facility 5 is considerably improved. A fine suspension precipitates due to the storage. For this reason, it is necessary to take some purification measures such as removal of the suspended sediment layer in the water storage region such as the water storage cavity 7. FIG. 6 is a schematic longitudinal cross-sectional view showing the structure of the water storage cavity 7 having a longitudinal profile that is downwardly inclined toward the water supply channel 6 side. As shown in the figure, the reservoir cavity 7 has a cavity structure with a predetermined gradient in the longitudinal direction, so that the suspension deposits in a layered manner on the bottom 7a of the reservoir cavity 7. Also, when the stored water is sent, it can be allowed to flow down naturally to the downstream waterway. At this time, the cross-sectional shape of the water storage cavity 7 is preferably a shape in which the bottom surface 7a forms an obtuse V-shaped cross section as shown in FIG. Moreover, as shown in FIG.6 and FIG.7 (a), it extended from the pressure source 9 (FIG. 1), the water mixing part, and the control part (not shown) outside the water storage cavity 7 as needed. The cleaning pipe 11 is piped along the longitudinal direction, and high-pressure water or high-pressure air spouts 12 are formed in the cleaning pipe 11 at regular intervals, and the suspended sediment layer is formed with the high-pressure water or high-pressure air from the spout 12. It is preferable that the suspension is forcedly discharged out of the water storage cavity 7 together with the drainage. The discharged suspension can be discharged out of the water channel by installing and operating a pumping facility such as a soil pump.

  The cross-sectional shape of the water storage cavity 7 is determined in consideration of the water storage volume of the water storage cavity 7, the strength of excavated rock mass, and the like, but when considering the removal of the suspended sediment layer described above, for example, FIG. As shown in FIG. 4, by arranging a plurality of rows of V-shaped bottom surfaces and providing the cleaning pipes 11 near each bottom surface, the cleaning efficiency can be improved even in the case of a large cross section. In addition, as shown in FIG. 6C, by making the egg-shaped cross section with a sharp downward point, the highest flow velocity position in the water storage cavity 7 can be lowered to the lower side of the cross section, and the suspension is less likely to accumulate. In addition, it is possible to create a flow state that is easy to flow down naturally.

  FIG. 8 shows that the water storage cavity 7 is filled with gravel as a gravel-like body 15 having a particle size in a predetermined range, crushed stone, etc., and a purification action using a gravel contact oxidation method or flood infiltration is realized. It is the longitudinal cross-section which showed the Example which performed the water quality purification of the river water stored in the cavity 7. FIG. In the contact oxidation method between gravel, precipitation or adsorption occurs when river water containing suspended solids comes into contact with natural stones such as gravel and crushed stone as contact oxidation filter media flowing down in the storage cavity 7, Biofilms composed of microorganisms such as bacteria, algae, and protists, formed on the surface of gravel, etc., promote the degradation of organic substances and purify river water contaminated by suspensions. In the present embodiment, it is preferable to connect the aeration pipe 16 for supplying air between the gravels in order to activate the aerobic microorganisms. FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view showing an arrangement example of the cleaning tube 11 and the aeration tube 16. The high-pressure air supplied from the aeration pipe 16 rises between the gravel and supplies oxygen to the microorganisms attached to the surface of the gravel, and also accumulates and aggregates between the gravel and creates a suspension that causes clogging. Can be crushed. In addition, as the above-mentioned gravel-like body, natural stone is crushed into a predetermined particle size range with a crusher or the like, and various artificial aggregates can be used as long as strength can be secured.

  As shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, in order to prevent crushing of the lower gravel due to the gravel weight of the upper layer when the water storage cavity 7 is filled and accumulated, durability of reinforced concrete or the like is prevented. It is preferable to provide a multilayer slab structure having water permeability by a certain member, and to distribute the load by sharing the own weight of the gravel-like body 15 above each slab to ensure the stability as the structure. . At that time, by providing the cleaning pipe 11 and the aeration pipe 16 on each slab, the capacity of each pipe can be reduced, and an efficient cleaning operation and aerobic microorganisms can be performed.

  The above description of the method for treating river water during flooding was based on the premise of a water-sealed storage cavity built under the groundwater surface in the rock, but the storage cavity installed above the groundwater surface, Needless to say, this is also applicable to open reservoirs.

The schematic perspective view which showed one Example (underground cavity) of the structure of the river water outside river channel storage facility at the time of flood. The partial expansion perspective view which showed one Example of the structure of the river water intake of the facility shown in FIG. The partial expansion perspective view which showed the example of the open state of the river water intake shown in FIG. The partial expansion perspective view which showed the example of the obstruction | occlusion state of the intake gate of a river water intake. FIG. 5 is a partially enlarged perspective view showing a part of the open state (upper open state (a), lower open state (b)) of the intake gate shown in FIG. 4 and a disk structure screen. The longitudinal cross-sectional view which showed one Example of the structure of the suspension washing | cleaning mechanism in a water storage cavity. The cross-sectional view which showed several kinds of cross-sectional examples of the water storage cavity. The longitudinal cross-sectional view which showed one Example of the structure of the suspension washing | cleaning mechanism which filled the gravel in the water storage cavity. The cross-sectional view of the water storage cavity shown along the IX-IX cross-sectional line of FIG. The schematic top view which showed one Example of the structure of the riverside storage facility of the proposed flood river water.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 River 3 Water intake 4 River water inflow channel 5 Pretreatment facility 7 Reservoir cavity 10 Water intake gate 11 Washing pipe 12 Upper gate 13 Lower gate 15 Gravel-like body 16 Aeration pipe 20 Dust-proof equipment 21 Water structure dust screen 23 Disk 24 Rotating unit

Claims (7)

  A river water storage unit that takes in river water at the time of flooding through a water intake, removes impurities contained in the river water, temporarily stores the water, adjusts the flow rate of the river water, and supplies the downstream water purification facility with water. A facility for storing river water outside a river channel composed of: a dust-proof means between a gate capable of adjusting a water intake depth according to a flood time and a water intake channel communicating with the back of the gate; An off-channel storage facility for river water during floods, characterized by   The flood river according to claim 1, wherein the gate divides the intake into two stages when taking water during flooding, and takes in river water during flooding according to an upper open state and a lower open state. A water storage facility outside the river.   The dust-proof means is a disk-structure screen located on the back surface of the gate, covering the water intake, and arranged at the water intake along the river water flow direction so as to form a predetermined mesh width. The off-channel storage facility for river water during floods as described in.   A river water storage unit that takes in river water at the time of flooding through a water intake, removes impurities contained in the river water, temporarily stores the water, adjusts the flow rate of the river water, and supplies the downstream water purification facility with water. The river water storage facility outside the river channel composed of the river water storage section, the bottom of the river water storage section is formed with a slope that can naturally flow the suspension mixed in the river water, along the slope This is an off-channel storage facility for river water during floods, characterized by the fact that cleaning pipes are installed.   The washing pipe is supplied with high-pressure water or high-pressure air and cleans and removes the suspended sediment settled on the bottom of the river water reservoir with the high-pressure water or high-pressure air ejected from the jet outlet. The listed river channel storage facility.   The river water reservoir is filled with gravel bodies having a predetermined range of particle diameters, and the suspension of river water is removed by a purification action by microorganisms adhering to the surface of the gravel bodies. Item 4. River facility for storing river water during floods according to Item 4.   The flood according to claim 6, wherein the river water storage part is provided with an aeration pipe, and aerobic microorganisms adhering to the surface of the gravel-like body are achieved by air supplied from the aeration pipe. When the river water is stored outside the river channel.

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