JP2006198767A - Milling cutter tool - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a milling cutter tool that can simultaneously attain high cutting performance and smallest possible vibration/oscillation tendency. <P>SOLUTION: (a) The milling cutter tool is equipped with a base portion 3, and (b) at least 3 blades 2', 2'', 2''', and 2'''', while individual blades are placed under respective rake angles γ<SB>1</SB>, γ<SB>2</SB>, γ<SB>3</SB>, and γ<SB>4</SB>. (c) In the work process, the base portion makes blades move in the cutting direction S. (d) At least 3 blades are placed mutually with unequal distance, and (e) rake angles of at least some blades are established from the distance between the blade concerned and the other blade preceding in the movement in the cutting direction. (f) In this situation, rake angle establishment of the blade is implemented in such an arrangement that the rake angle concerned will become larger in line with the increase of a gap with the blade preceding in the movement in the cutting direction. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a milling tool.

  A so-called “end mill” is known as a shank fraser with a cylindrical shank extending in the longitudinal direction as a base part or support body, with a blade arranged on the end face or front face thereof. In this case, it is also known that the individual blades are not arranged at equal distances over the outer periphery of the base part but at different intervals or pitch angles. This makes it difficult to excite vibration during tool cutting. This is because the tool cannot easily resonate due to the cutting of individual blades into the material to be cut. Thereby, the vibration is damped by this means and the operating characteristics of the milling cutter are improved. There are a wide variety of solutions in the background art for the construction of this type of milling tool.

  DE 69228301T2 specification describes a rigidly formed shank type milling cutter comprising a shank, a number of helical cutting edges provided on the outer periphery of the shank type milling cutter, and a tip pocket provided on the outer cutting edge. Is disclosed. Furthermore, the radial rake angle of the helical cutting edge in the cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the shank type milling cutter is set within a predetermined range. Furthermore, in order to obtain a milling machine capable of milling various workpieces from a workpiece having a low hardness to a workpiece having a high hardness, the core thickness of the spiral cutting blade is 70% to 90% of the outer diameter of the shank type milling cutter. % Range. At that time, specific values are proposed for the depth and lead angle of the chip pocket.

  From DE 29 37 585 C2, a milling tool is known which has one rake face, one flank face and a number of cutting edges each having a cutting edge at its transition. At that time, the rake face extends in a waveform from one end of the blade section to the other end. The flank is also corrugated to produce a discontinuous tip that is suitably shaped and easily flows out. More specifically, the corrugated flank is formed such that the cutting edge is interrupted by flat notches spaced apart corresponding to the corrugation, having a circular cross-section with a large radius. Has been.

DE 3706282C2 discloses a shank type milling machine with one milling body and an even number of outer peripheral cutting edges extending in the form of a helical winding. In this case, at least one outer peripheral cutting edge has a twist angle different from the twist angle of the other cutting edges. Furthermore, in order to be able to easily manufacture a shank type milling cutter and to give good cutting characteristics to the shank type milling cutter, an even number of peripheral cutting edges are viewed in a plane perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the milling cutter. Are arranged on the outer periphery of the milling body at equal intervals. Further, the even-numbered outer peripheral cutting edge is composed of a plurality of cutting edges that are opposed to each other in the diameter direction. In that case, the two peripheral cutting edges in each pair of cutting edges have the same helix angle and are thus symmetrical with respect to the axis of rotation of the cutting tool body.
DE69228301T2 specification DE2937585C2 Specification DE3706282C2 Specification

  Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a milling tool that can simultaneously achieve high performance or cutting ability and vibration tendency or resonance tendency as small as possible.

  According to the configuration of the present invention that solves the above problems, a) one base portion and b) at least three blades are provided, each of which is disposed under one rake angle each time. C) the base part moves the blade in the cutting direction during the working process; d) at least three blades are arranged at unequal intervals; e) the rake angle of at least some of the blades is And the distance between the cutting edge and the leading blade in the cutting direction, and f) the rake angle of the blade is determined as follows: the rake angle is leading in the cutting direction It was carried out under the condition of increasing with increasing distance to the blade.

  According to the invention, the rake angle of at least some blades, preferably all blades, is determined depending on the spacing and / or pitch angle between the blade and the preceding blade in the cutting direction. . Further, a rake angle of a blade having a greater spacing and / or pitch angle relative to an adjacent or preceding blade in the cutting direction is a blade having a smaller spacing and / or pitch angle relative to a preceding blade in the cutting direction. Greater than the rake angle. In other words, the rake angle is determined under the condition that the rake angle increases with increasing spacing and / or pitch angle relative to the preceding blade in the cutting direction. Further advantageous configurations and variants of the tool according to the invention are obtained from the patent claims, which are subordinate to claim 1 in each case.

  The present invention starts with the recognition that different tip sizes or tip thicknesses (or tips of different thicknesses) can be obtained with different blade spacings. The tip becomes larger the more removal that the blade must perform. This is dependent on how far the blade that precedes the blade being observed is spaced from the blade being observed. In doing so, the principle is that a large rake angle facilitates the cutting of the blade into the material, and a negative rake angle from a small rake angle makes it difficult to cut into the material. The larger the corner, the smaller the required feed force and the cutting quality can be improved with certain materials. On the other hand, a large rake angle results in a small wedge angle on the blade. This makes the blade more sensitive to load. Thicker chips generally require greater cutting pressure or greater cutting force or greater deformation force.

  Advantageously, the spacing between the blades is defined by the unequal pitch angle of the blades, which are advantageously arranged to surround the cylindrical base part, and the rake angle of the blade is the leading blade in the cutting direction. It is determined depending on the pitch angle.

  With respect to the selection of the rake angle, the present invention presents different configuration possibilities. According to one solution, all blade rake angles are positive. Alternatively, the maximum rake angle of the blade is positive and the minimum rake angle of the blade is non-positive, ie zero or negative. Yet another alternative possibility is that the maximum rake angle of the blade is non-negative, ie positive or zero, and the minimum rake angle of the blade is negative. Eventually, all rake angles of the blade may be negative. In an advantageous embodiment, the rake angle of the blade is between −30 ° and + 30 °, in particular between −15 ° and + 15 °.

  In a particularly advantageous embodiment, the plurality of blades are continuous at two different intervals or pitch angles that are alternately repeated.

  The invention is used for shank type milling with special advantages.

  The tool may be formed from a single piece of material, such as hardened steel or cemented carbide or cermet or other known blade material, in particular material removal from a cylindrical blank body, in particular grinding. it can. However, the tool may be composed of a plurality of parts made of different materials, for example, the shank is made of a material such as steel or cemented carbide, the one or more parts fixed to the shank are cemented carbide, It may be selected from cermet or other known blade materials depending on the material to be processed. Finally, the tool can have a hard coating and / or an anti-wear coating, for example a coating made of TiAlN, at least in the region of the blade.

  Due to the proposed configuration, especially of milling tools, high material removal is possible with good chip formation, especially when a large number of blades are used. That is, a high cutting ability or working ability of the tool is achieved. This tool is used for roughing and finishing. At that time, as a result of configuring the tool as in the present invention, it is possible to achieve high material removal, which is common in rough cutting, even during finishing.

  Furthermore, a high tool life is achieved with the proposal according to the invention.

  Further advantageous embodiments are obtained from the other dependent claims.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

  1 to 5, corresponding parts and corresponding values are denoted by the same reference numerals.

  FIG. 1 first implies the most important reference values and parameters that occur especially during milling. The tool 1 shown only in an excerpt has a blade 2 for cutting a material 8 to be cut. The blade 2 is disposed on the base portion 3 of the milling cutter 1. The base part 3 or the blade 2 is moved in the cutting direction S relative to the material 8 or workpiece to be cut, and at this time, the chips (chips) 80 are cut off.

  The rake face 50 provided in the region of the blade 2 is the face on which the tip 80 is abraded during the material removal process. The chip storage chamber provided on the rake face 50 is a chip room 53, particularly a chip groove. The one or more flank surfaces 51 are surfaces that face or face a cutting surface generated in the workpiece. An intersection line or a one-dimensional structure where the rake face 50 and the flank face 51 form a cutting edge (edge) 5 of the blade 2 of the tool 1.

  The so-called “tool system angle (Werckegwinkel)” is defined by the mutual position or posture of the blade portion or the surface provided on the tool 1 and is measured by the so-called “Tool system reference system (Werkzeugwingssystem)”. The tool system reference system passes through the point on the observed blade and is placed as perpendicular as possible to the expected cutting direction S, and it is one plane, axis or edge of the tool (tool 1 is a shank type milling cutter). In some cases, it has a tool system reference surface oriented according to the rotational axis or tool axis, a blade surface that includes the blade 2, and a wedge measurement surface (Keilmesseneene). As seen in FIG. 1, the tool system reference plane includes a normal N and is generally oriented perpendicular to the axis of rotation (9 in FIGS. 2-7). In this case, the tool system angle must be distinguished from the “working system angle (Wirkwinkel)” for displaying the cutting process, which is measured by the so-called “working system reference method (Wirkbezugssystem)”. In the action system reference method, the tool system reference plane must be replaced with an action system reference plane that is observed perpendicular to the action direction. In each case, the three planes are positioned perpendicular to each other.

In the tool system standard method, the most important angles for cutting are listed below.
• Rake angle γ: The rake angle corresponds to the angle between the rake face 50 and the tool system reference plane, or in other words, between the tangent of the blade 2 in the region of the cutting edge 5 and the surface normal N. It corresponds to the angle.
Wedge angle β: The wedge angle corresponds to the angle between the rake face 50 and the flank face 51.
The clearance angle α: The clearance angle corresponds to the angle between the clearance surface 51 and the tool blade surface, that is, the angle between the tangent line of the blade 2 at the radially outer end of the blade 2 and the cutting direction S. To do.

  The sum of the relief angle α, the wedge angle β and the rake angle γ is 90 °. The angle obtained by subtracting the rake angle from 90 °, that is, the remainder angle of the rake angle is also called the cutting angle δ.

  2 and 3 each show an embodiment of the proposed tool 1 as a shank type milling cutter. In this case, both embodiments are shown in a view seen in the axial direction (arrow A) of the tool 1 shown in a side view in FIG.

  In the tool 1 shown in FIG. 2, only four blades 2 ', 2 ", 2"', 2 "'" are provided. These blades are arranged in the area in front of the cylindrical base part 3. When the tool 1 is rotated around the rotation axis 9, the cutting edges 5 ′, 5 ″, 5 ′ ″, 5 ′ ″ are moved from the rotation axis 9 to the cutting edges 5 ′, 5 ″, 5 ″. It moves perpendicular to the radius leading to ', 5' ''. The cutting direction S relative to the workpiece results from this rotational movement about its own rotational axis 9 and the feed movement of the tool 1, i.e. the movement of the rotational axis 9 through space.

Blades 2 'and the blade 2''or blade 2''' and the blade 2 '''' is at a relatively small distance from each other (indicated by the pitch angle phi ₁ or phi ₃₎ are you there On the other hand, the distance between the blade 2 "and the blade 2""or between the blade 2""and the blade 2 'is relatively large. This is implied by the pitch angle φ ₂ or φ ₄ .

The rake angles γ ₁ , γ ₂ , γ ₃ , γ ₄ of the _four blades 2 ′, 2 ″, 2 ′ ″, 2 ′ ″ ′ are at intervals with the respective blades preceding in the cutting direction S. Accordingly, it is selected under the condition that the larger the pitch angles φ ₁ , φ ₂ , φ ₃ , φ ₄ , the larger the rake angle. Therefore, as can be clearly seen in FIG. 2, the rake angle γ ₂ of the blade 2 ″ and the rake angle γ ₄ of the blade 2 ′ ″ are the rake angle γ ₁ of the blade 2 ′ and the rake angle of the blade 2 ′ ″. Obviously larger than the angle γ ₃ .

  Tip removal is here because blade 2 '' and blade 2 '' '' must provide greater tip removal capability as a result of leading blade 2 '' '' or 2 'at a greater distance. Then it is subsidized by a larger rake angle. In the illustrated embodiment, all rake angles are positive, but this is not necessarily so.

  In order to achieve as large a cutting capacity as possible, the tool 1 is advantageously made in terms of production technology and geometry and tip shape (eg whether the material is cut longer or shorter) and in terms of tip discharge. As many blades as possible can be arranged.

  At that time, the blades are arranged as follows.

  First, the number of blades n ≧ 3, preferably even numbered blades, that is, n = 2m (where m is a natural number m ≧ 2) is determined. The number of teeth generally depends on the perimeter length U of the tool that can be provided, in particular depending on the diameter d of the base part 3 (U = πd if the base part is cylindrical). Advantageously, the number n of blades is selected in proportion to the diameter d of the tool. The number of blades n corresponds to the numerical value (in millimeters (mm)) of the diameter d of the tool or base part 3, that is, if d = 6 mm, n = 6, and if d = 8 mm, n = 8. It has been found that the number of teeth is particularly advantageous.

  Therefore, first, the arrangement starts with a constant pitch or equidistant arrangement of the n blades, that is, a uniform pitch angle of 360 ° / n.

  Starting from a uniform pitch angle, an empirically determined declination is added for a larger pitch angle and reduced for a smaller pitch angle. Adjacent blades are spaced in pairs under a small pitch angle and correspondingly between these blade pairs are spaced under a large pitch angle. As a result, an alternating arrangement of blades is produced in which a large pitch angle and a small pitch angle are always repeated alternately.

  Eventually, depending on the different pitch angles selected, the rake angle of the blade is selected separately, and a blade with a larger pitch angle relative to the preceding blade will produce a larger rake angle. This advantageously results in two different rake angle values for n blades.

For example, according to this law, the number of teeth, the pitch angle, and the rake angle can be set as follows.
When the number of teeth is n = 6, the unified pitch angle is 360 ° / 6 = 60 °, and the declination angle is 10 °, the first pitch angle is 50 °, the rake angle of the affiliation is + 5 °, the second Has a pitch angle of 70 ° and a rake angle of + 10 °.
When the number of teeth is n = 8, the unified pitch angle is 360 ° / 8 = 45 °, and the declination angle is 5 °, the first pitch angle is 40 °, the rake angle of the affiliation is + 5 °, the second Has a pitch angle of 50 ° and a rake angle of + 10 °.
When the number of teeth is n = 10, the unified pitch angle is 360 ° / 10 = 36 °, and the deflection angle is 5 °, the first pitch angle is 31 °, the rake angle of the affiliation is + 5 °, the second Has a pitch angle of 41 °, and the rake angle to which it belongs is + 10 °.
When the number of teeth is n = 12, the unified pitch angle is 360 ° / 12 = 30 °, and the declination angle is 5 °, the first pitch angle is 25 °, the rake angle is + 5 °, and the second Has a pitch angle of 35 ° and a rake angle of + 10 °.
・ If the number of teeth is n = 16, the unified pitch angle is 360 ° / 16 = 22.5 °, and the declination angle is 5 °, the first pitch angle is 17.5 ° and the rake angle to which it belongs is +5 °, the second pitch angle is 27.5 °, and the associated rake angle is + 10 °.

  In the tool 1 shown in FIGS. 3 to 5, a total of ten blades 11 to 20 are used. The blades 11 to 20 are arranged at intervals or distributed over the outer periphery 4 of the base part 3.

The blades 11 to 20 are arranged at two different pitch angles each time, that is, the blade 13 and the blade 12, the blade 15 and the blade 14, the blade 17 and the blade 16, the blade 19 and the blade 18, and the blade 11 and the blade 20. in a large pitch angle phi _g between the blade 12 and the blade 11, blade 14 and blade 13, blade 16 and blade 15, and a small pitch angle phi _k between the blade 18 and the blade 17 and blade 20 and the blade 19 Has been placed. At that time, both pitch angles φ _g and φ _k are alternately repeated over the outer periphery. This advantageously makes it difficult to excite resonance vibrations. This is because one resonance frequency can be assigned to each pitch angle, and when the vibrations excited by the blades arranged under different pitch angles interfere with each other, the resonance vibrations are partially lost and unified. It can be understood by not being able to reach one common resonant vibration at a single resonant frequency, as in the case of the pitch angle. Specifically, in this embodiment, a large pitch angle phi _g is 41 °, a small pitch angle phi _k is 31 °.

The blades 12, 14, 16, 18, and 20 each have a large rake angle γ _g , the blades 11, 13, 15, 17, and 19 each have a small rake angle γ _k , the rotational direction D about the rotation axis 9, and therefore cutting. If the leading pitch angle in the direction S is large, a large rake angle is provided, and if a correspondingly large rake angle is provided, the pitch angle is large.

Specifically, the large rake angle γ _g takes a value in the range of 2 ° to 20 °, particularly 10 ° in FIG. 3, whereas the small rake angle γ _k has a value of −5 ° to It can be a value in the range of 5 °, in FIG. 3 a value of 0 °. At that time, the manufacturing accuracy of the rake angle setting can be ± 1 °.

In FIG. 3, the outer radius of the tool 1 corresponding to the radial distance from the rotation axis 9 of the blades 11 to 20 is denoted by reference numeral r ₃ , and the outer diameter is denoted by reference numeral d. In this case, d = 2r ₃ is established. A relatively small tip room V _k is formed in front of the blades 11, 13, 15, 17, 19 having a relatively small pitch angle φ _k with respect to the preceding blades 12, 14, 16, 18, 20 respectively. are, before the blade 12, 14, 16 having a relatively large pitch angle phi _g against the preceding blade 13,15,17,19,11 is in each case a relatively large chip room V _g is formed. The inner radius corresponding to the radial distance from the rotation axis 9 of the small chip room V _k is _denoted by reference numeral r _2, and the inner radius corresponding to the radial distance from the rotation axis 9 of the large chip room V _g. the radius denoted by reference numeral r _1. r ₃ > r ₂ > r ₁ is satisfied. Thereby, the large chip room V _g is not only based on the large pitch angle φ _g with respect to the leading blades 12, 14, 16, 18, 20 along the outer circumference, but also formed deeper than the small chip room V _k. Or further penetrate into the base part 3 in the radial direction.

An advantageous configuration of the tool, which is described only for the blade in FIG. 3, is shown in FIGS. The cylindrical base part 3 has a working area 30 formed in the front area and a cylindrical shaft area (shank) 31 for tightening in the tool receiving part of the machine tool in the rear area. Is formed. In the work area 30, spiral lands 70 corresponding to the number n of the blades 11 to 20 are formed so as to extend in parallel with each other in a spiral shape or a winding shape and project outward. The spiral lands 70 are separated from each other by corresponding spiral grooves 7A, 7B. Each time the spiral land 70 and the spiral grooves 7A, 7B open at the front or free end of the base part 3 and its working area 30. At this time, helical groove 7A is with a small chip room V _k, helical groove 7B is with a large chip room V _g, opens at the free end or the free front face of the base portion 3 and the working area 30. In order to form the chip rooms V _k and V _g , the spiral grooves 7A and 7B each have a relatively flat cutting part or grinding part 41 and a spiral groove 7A and a relatively flat cutting part or grinding part 42, respectively. A flat chamfer that is formed in the groove 7B or oriented under an angle smaller than the lead angle of the spiral grooves 7A and 7B is formed. On the other hand, in the spiral land 70, a steep grinding portion 43 that enters into the spiral groove 7A is formed in the spiral groove 7A, and a steep grinding portion 44 that enters into the spiral groove 7B is formed in the spiral groove 7B. At the end of the spiral land 70, a flat chamfer 40 (or a flat cutting part or grinding part) oriented to the front surface perpendicular to the tool axis 9 under the front clearance angle α _s is formed. ing. Typically, α _s is 0 ° to 12 °, and 10 ° in the illustrated example.

  The cutting edge of the flat chamfer 40 provided with the grinding part 43 or 44 defines the blades 11 to 20. Thereby, the flat chamfer 40 forms a flank, and the grinding parts 43 and 44 form a rake face. With the flat chamfer 40, the blades 11 to 20 are spirally landed 70 and are further retracted compared to the configuration without the flat chamfer 40, and are defined more. The flat chamfer 40 is the outer region and ends at the outer edge of the spiral land 70.

  The blades 11-20 can also have edge rounding or corner rounding or edge chamfering or corner chamfering to improve their stability. Such roundness can be formed, for example, when the blades 11-20 are already coated with a hard material or an anti-wear material, or can be formed by additional grinding.

FIG. 2 schematically shows a blade of a milling tool during material cutting together with the most important parameters of the blade. It is a figure which shows the front of the shank type milling cutter by the 1st Embodiment of this invention (figure seen from A shown in FIG. 4). FIG. 3 is a view corresponding to FIG. 2 of an alternative embodiment of a shank type milling cutter. It is a side view of a shank type milling machine. It is a front view of the shank type milling machine shown in FIG.

Explanation of symbols

1 Tool (milling, shank type milling)
2 blades 2 ′, 2 ″ blades 2 ′ ″, 2 ′ ″ ′ blades 3 base portion 4 outer periphery of the base portion 5 cutting blades 5 ′, 5 ″ cutting blades 5 ′ ″, 5 ′ ″ ″ cutting Blade 6 Front face of shank type milling cutter 7A, 7B Helical groove 8 Material 9 Rotating axis 11-20 Blade 30 Working area 31 Shaft area 40 Chamfer 41, 42 Grinding part 43, 44 Grinding part 50 Rake face 51 Flank 53 Tip Room 70 Spiral Land S Cutting Direction γ Rake Angle γ ₁ , γ ₂ , γ ₃ , γ ₄ Rake Angle γ _g Large Rake Angle γ _k Small Rake Angle φ ₁ , φ ₂ , φ ₃ , φ ₄ Pitch Angle φ _g Large Pitch Angle φ _k small pitch angle α clearance angle β wedge angle α _s front clearance angle N surface normal δ cutting angles r ₁ , r ₂ , r ₃ radii V _g large chip room V _k small chip room

Claims (42)

In the milling tool (1),
a) one base part (3);
b) At least three blades (2 ', 2 ", 2"",2"") are provided, the blades (2', 2", 2 "", 2 ") ′)) Is placed under one rake angle (γ ₁ , γ ₂ , γ ₃ , γ ₄ ) each time,
c) the base part (3) moves the blade in the cutting direction (S) during the working process;
d) at least three blades (2 ′, 2 ″, 2 ′ ″, 2 ′ ″ ″) are arranged at unequal intervals from each other;
e) The rake angles (γ ₁ , γ ₂ , γ ₃ , γ ₄ ) of at least some of the blades (2 ′, 2 ″, 2 ′ ″, 2 ′ ″ ′) ′ ″, 2 ″ ″, 2 ″ ″ ′) and the spacing between the leading blades in the cutting direction (S) and
f) Determination of the rake angles (γ ₁ , γ ₂ , γ ₃ , γ ₄ ) of the blades (2 ′, 2 ″, 2 ′ ″, 2 ′ ″ ′) is carried out as follows: A milling tool, characterized in that the rake angle (γ ₁ , γ ₂ , γ ₃ , γ ₄ ) is carried out under the condition that the rake angle increases with an increase in the distance to the preceding blade in the cutting direction (S). The rake angles (γ ₁ , γ ₂ , γ ₃ , γ ₄ ) of all blades (2 ′, 2 ″, 2 ′ ″, 2 ′ ″ ′) are the blades (2 ′, 2 ″, 2 2. The milling tool according to claim 1, wherein the milling tool is determined as a function of the distance between the leading edge in the cutting direction (S). 3. The rake angle (γ ₁ , γ ₂ , γ ₃ , γ ₄ ) of all blades (2 ′, 2 ″, 2 ′ ″, 2 ′ ″ ′) is positive. Milling tool. The maximum rake angle (γ ₁ , γ ₂ , γ ₃ , γ ₄ ) of the blade (2 ′, 2 ″, 2 ′ ″, 2 ′ ″ ′) is positive and the blade (2 ′, 2 ′ The milling tool according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the minimum rake angle (γ ₁ , γ ₂ , γ ₃ , γ ₄ ) of ′, 2 ′ ″, 2 ′ ″ ″) is zero or negative. The maximum rake angle (γ ₁ , γ ₂ , γ ₃ , γ ₄ ) of the blade (2 ′, 2 ″, 2 ′ ″, 2 ′ ″ ′) is positive or zero, and the blade (2 ′, The milling tool according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the minimum rake angle (γ ₁ , γ ₂ , γ ₃ , γ ₄ ) of 2 ″, 2 ′ ″, 2 ′ ″ ″) is negative. The milling cutter according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the total rake angles (γ ₁ , γ ₂ , γ ₃ , γ ₄ ) of the blades (2 ', 2'',2''', 2 ''''') are negative. tool. The rake angles (γ ₁ , γ ₂ , γ ₃ , γ ₄ ) of the blades (2 ′, 2 ″, 2 ′ ″, 2 ′ ″ ″) are between −30 ° and + 30 °. The milling tool according to any one of 1 to 6. Blades (11 to 20) from each other two different intervals (phi _g, phi _k) are arranged at, any one milling tool as claimed in claims 1 to 7. Blades (11 to 20) or is spaced both intervals alternately (phi _g, phi _k), or both intervals are repeated in blade order together Tool according to claim 8. The blades (11-20) are arranged under two different rake angles (γ _g , γ _k ) and are larger of both intervals with respect to the blade (12) leading in the cutting direction (S). The blade (11) arranged under the larger spacing (φ _g ) has the larger rake angle (γ _g ) of both rake angles (γ _g , γ _k ), correspondingly The blade (12) arranged below the smaller one (φ _k ) of the two intervals with respect to the blade (13) that precedes the cutting direction (S) has a rake angle (γ _g , smaller and are, according to claim 8 or 9 tool according to a rake angle a (gamma _k) of ones of gamma _k). Milling tool according to claim 10, wherein the large rake angle (γ _g ) is greater than the small rake angle (γ _k ) by at least 3 °, preferably at least 5 °. A small tip room (V _k ) is formed in front of the blade (11, 13, 15, 17, 19) having a small distance (φ _k ) with respect to the preceding blade (12, 14, 16, 18, 20). Blades (12, 14, 16, 18, 20) with a small spacing (φ _g ) between the small tip room (V _k ) and the preceding blades (13, 15, 17, 19, 11). Milling tool according to claim 10 or 11, which is smaller than the large chip room ( _Vg ) formed before).   A tool axis (9) is provided which extends through the base part and forms in particular the inertial spindle of the milling tool (1), and the milling tool (1) rotates around the tool axis (9) during the work process. The milling tool according to claim 1, which is possible. The radial spacing (r ₂ ) of the small tip room (V _k ) from the tool axis (9) is greater than the radial spacing (r ₁ ) of the large tip room (V _g ). 13. The milling tool according to 13. a) the blades (2 ', 2 ", 2"",2"", 11-20) are arranged around the base part (3);
b) The distance between the blades (2 ′, 2 ″, 2 ′ ″, 2 ′ ″ ′, 11-20) is the pitch angle (φ ₁ , φ ₂ , φ ₃ , φ ₄ , φ _k , φ _g ) In particular with respect to the tool axis (9),
c) At least one blade (2 ', 2 ", 2"",2"", 11-20) or each blade (2', 2", 2 "", 2 "") , 11 to 20), the rake angles (γ ₁ , γ ₂ , γ ₃ , γ ₄ , γ _k , γ _g ) are pitch angles (φ ₁ , φ ₂ , φ ₃ ) with respect to the blade leading in the cutting direction (S). , Φ ₄ , φ _k , φ _g ),
The milling tool according to any one of claims 1 to 14. The blades (11 to 20) according to any one of claims 8 to 11, or 15, characterized in that the blades (11-20) are advantageously arranged repeatedly at two different pitch angles (φ _g , φ _k ). Milling tool. Both the pitch angle (φ _g, φ _k) larger pitch angle of the (phi _g), between the smaller pitch angle of the two pitch angle _{(φ g, φ k) (} φ k) The milling tool according to claim 16, wherein the difference is at least 5 °, in particular at least 10 °. The predetermined pitch angle is added to an equal pitch angle corresponding to a value obtained by dividing the pitch angle (φ _g ) of both pitch angles (φ _g , φ _k ) by 360 ° by the number of blades. 18. The smaller pitch angle (φ _k ) of both pitch angles (φ _g , φ _k ) is obtained by subtracting a predetermined deflection angle from the uniform pitch angle. Milling tools.   19. A milling tool according to claim 18, wherein the deflection angle is selected between about 4 [deg.] And about 20 [deg.], Preferably between 4 [deg.] And 15 [deg.]. The pitch angle (φ ₁ , φ ₂ , φ ₃ , φ ₄ , φ _k , φ _g ) is selected from the range of 8 ° to 100 ° or 15 ° to 80 °. The milling tool according to claim 1.   The number of blades (11-20) is selected as large as possible, depending on the dimensions of the milling tool (1) that can be provided, in particular the peripheral length that can be provided, the fabrication technique and the chip properties and / or the toughness of the material. 21. A milling tool according to any one of claims 1 to 20, wherein:   Milling tool according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the number of blades (11-20) is selected proportionally with respect to the diameter of the milling tool (1).   The milling tool according to claim 22, wherein the number of blades (11-20) corresponds to a numerical value in millimeters (mm) of the diameter of the milling tool (1) or the base part (3).   The milling tool according to any one of claims 1 to 23, wherein the number of blades (11 to 20) is an even number.   Milling tool according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the number of blades (11-20) is selected between 4 and 36.   26. A milling tool according to any one of claims 1 to 25, wherein the blades (2 ', 2 ", 2"', 2 "'") are finish-cutting blades.   2. The clearance angle (α) of the blade (2 ′, 2 ″, 2 ′ ″, 2 ′ ″ ″) is between 0 ° and 25 °, preferably between 5 ° and 10 °. The milling tool according to any one of up to 26.   The milling tool according to any one of claims 1 to 27, wherein the milling tool is a shank type milling cutter.   The blades (2 ', 2 ", 2"', 2 "'", 11-20) are arranged on the front face (6) and / or the outer periphery (4) of the base part (3). The milling tool according to any one of 1 to 28. The blades (2 ′, 2 ″, 2 ′ ″, 2 ′ ″ ′) arranged on the front face (6) preferably have a front clearance angle (α _s ) between 0 ° and 12 °. 30. A milling tool according to claim 29, comprising:   The milling tool according to any one of claims 1 to 30, wherein the milling tool is formed on a right blade.   A milling tool has a spiral land (70) extending substantially parallel to each other, in particular surrounding the tool axis (9), and a spiral groove (7A and 7B) between the spiral lands (70). 32. The milling tool according to any one of claims 1 to 31, wherein:   33. A milling tool according to claim 32, wherein the spiral land (70) has one blade (11-20) at each end thereof. One part (7A) of the spiral groove is a small chip room (V _k ) and the other part (7B) of the spiral groove is a large chip room (V _g ), in particular a base part (3) or a milling tool (1) 34. A milling tool according to claim 32 or 33, wherein the milling tool is open at a free end or free front. A partial area of the chip room (V _k , V _g ) is provided in the spiral groove (7A, 7B), preferably under a smaller or flat angle than the lead angle of the spiral groove (7A, 7B) 35. Milling tool according to claim 34, defined by a grinding part or chamfer (41, 42) being oriented. A partial region of the chip room (V _k , V _g ) is provided in the spiral land (70) and enters the spiral groove (7A, 7B), preferably the lead of the spiral groove (7A, 7B) 36. Milling tool according to claim 34 or 35, defined by a grinding part (43, 44) that is oriented under a steeper angle than a corner and / or forms a rake face. 37. A flat chamfer (40) is formed at the end of the spiral land (70), preferably oriented below the front clearance angle (α _s ) and forming a clearance surface. The milling tool according to any one of claims.   38. Milling tool according to any one of claims 32 to 37, wherein the helix angle or lead angle of the helix land (70) and / or the helix groove (7A, B) is between 40 [deg.] And 55 [deg.].   Milling tool according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the blades (11-20) have edge rounding or corner rounding or edge chamfering or corner chamfering.   40. At least one of the blades (2 ', 2 ", 2" ", 2" ") has a hard material coating and / or an anti-wear material coating. Milling tools.   Blades (2 ', 2 ", 2"', 2 "'") are integrally formed on the base part (3) or by removing material from the base part, in particular by grinding. The milling tool according to any one of claims 1 to 40, wherein the milling tool is formed.   At least some of the blades (2 ′, 2 ″, 2 ′ ″, 2 ′ ″ ′) are attached to at least one prefabricated part, preferably in each case a prefabricated part 41. Milling device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it is formed and each prefabricated part or each prefabricated part is fixed to the base part (3) so as to be dissociable or non-dissociable. tool.

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