JP2006192452A - Metal treatment method, rotary tool, metal treatment device, and metal surface refining method - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To improve the heating efficiency by a heat input means other than a rotary tool, and to reduce the temperature difference in the thickness direction by heating a joining member to the inside thereof. <P>SOLUTION: The treatment method for treating an object by a rotary tool 1 comprising a small diameter part 3 which is rotated in an inserted state in the metallic object to treat the object, and a large diameter part 2 which is integrated with the small diameter part 3 to press the object during the treatment by the small diameter part 3, comprises a step of heating the object in the projected plane of the rotary tool 1 while the rotary tool 1 faces the object and before the small diameter part 3 is inserted in the object, and a step of inserting the small diameter part 3 into the object while rotating the rotary tool 1. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a metal processing method for joining metals together or performing metal surface modification using a rotary tool, a rotary tool used in a metal processing method, and a processing apparatus.

  For example, JP 7-505090 A (Patent Document 1) discloses a novel method for joining long materials as a solid phase joining method by friction stirring. In this joining method, frictional heat generated between the rotary tool and the workpiece is obtained by inserting a rotary tool made of a material substantially harder than the workpiece into the butt portion of the workpiece and moving the rotary tool while rotating it. Discloses a method of joining workpieces by plastic flow. In this stir welding method, since the joining member can be joined in a solid phase state while integrating the softened solid phase portion that is moved while rotating the rotary tool, there is no thermal distortion and the joining direction is substantially reduced. There is an advantage that even infinitely long materials can be continuously solid-phase bonded in the longitudinal direction. Furthermore, since the solid-phase bonding utilizing the plastic flow of metal caused by frictional heat between the rotary tool and the bonding member, bonding can be performed without melting the butt portion. Further, since the heating temperature is low, deformation after joining is small. Since the butt portion is not melted, there are many advantages such as fewer defects.

  Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-225781 (Patent Document 2) moves the rotary tool while heating the front part of the abutting portion in the moving direction of the rotating tool with an external heat source, for example, a laser beam. A method is disclosed. According to Patent Document 2, it is possible to perform good bonding without causing poor bonding even in a situation where frictional heat is likely to disperse, and to improve the bonding speed.

  Japanese Patent Laying-Open No. 2004-154790 (Patent Document 3) also discloses that, as in Patent Document 2, in order to improve the stirrability of the joining member by the rotating tool, the joining member is used by using high-frequency heating before joining by the rotating tool. Heating.

JP 7-505090 Gazette Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-225781 JP 2004-154790 A

In the inventions disclosed in Patent Document 2 and Patent Document 3, since there is a distance between the rotary tool and the laser heating position or the high-frequency heating position, the heated portion is cooled when bonded, and the heating effect is low. Furthermore, in this method, only the surface of the joining member is heated, and it is difficult to heat the inside of the joining member. For this reason, a temperature difference occurs in the plate thickness direction, and uniform bonding may be difficult.
This invention is made | formed based on such a technical subject, and it aims at improving the heating efficiency by heat input means other than a rotary tool.
Moreover, an object of this invention is to reduce the temperature difference of a plate | board thickness direction by heating even to the inside of a joining member.

Patent Documents 1 and 2 have a problem that the heating effect is small because a heat input means such as a laser beam or high-frequency heating is provided in front of the moving direction of the rotary tool. However, the present inventors have confirmed that it is effective to heat the projection surface of the rotating tool of the joining member by a heat input means other than the rotating tool in order to increase the heating effect.
That is, the present invention integrates a small-diameter portion that processes a processing object by rotating in a state inserted in a processing object made of metal, and the small-diameter portion. The present invention relates to a method of processing an object to be processed by a rotary tool having a large-diameter portion to be pressed. The processing method includes a step of heating the processing object in the projection plane of the rotating tool before the rotating tool is opposed to the processing object and inserting the small diameter portion into the processing object, and the rotating tool. And a step of inserting the small-diameter portion into the processing object while rotationally driving.
According to the present invention described above, since the heat treatment is performed on the object to be processed within the projection surface of the rotary tool, the effect of the heat treatment can be utilized to the maximum extent. Therefore, the load at the time of inserting a small diameter part in a process target object can be reduced.
As in the present invention, the method of performing the heat treatment on the processing object within the projection surface of the rotary tool is a process for joining the two processing objects and a process for modifying the surface of the processing object, as will be described later. It can be applied to several metal processing methods.

As a specific method for performing the heat treatment on the object to be processed within the projection surface of the rotary tool, it is desirable that the heating beam pass through the rotary tool to perform the heat treatment.
More specifically, in this embodiment, a through hole is provided in the rotary tool, and the heating beam may pass through the through hole and reach the object to be processed. Here, the heating beam has a high energy density such as a laser beam, an electron beam, and a plasma beam, and widely includes a beam that can be heated by irradiating the object to be processed.

  In the present invention, a heat treatment can be performed on a portion corresponding to the rotation axis of the rotary tool. This is most effective for reducing the load during insertion of the small diameter portion into the object to be processed. In the present invention, the position where the heat treatment is performed is not limited to this form, and the heat treatment can be performed on a location corresponding to a position eccentric by a predetermined distance from the rotation axis of the rotary tool. This is effective when heat treatment affects a wide range or when joining two objects to be processed having different melting points, which will be described later.

  In the present invention, it is desirable to perform heat treatment even after the small diameter portion is inserted into the object to be processed. For example, when two processing objects are joined, the rotary tool is moved along the butting portion after the small diameter portion is inserted into the butting portion of the processing object. Therefore, even after the small diameter portion is inserted into the object to be processed, the load during movement of the rotary tool can be reduced by performing the heat treatment. In addition, even after the small-diameter portion is inserted into the object to be processed, the heat treatment can be performed to a deeper position in the thickness direction of the object to be processed by performing the heat treatment. The bonding quality in the thickness direction can be made uniform.

  In the present invention, the heat treatment can be performed continuously, but can also be performed intermittently. The term “intermittent” is not limited to a mode in which the heat treatment is interrupted, but also includes a mode in which the heat energy input to the object to be processed by the heat treatment is varied as high, low, high, low, and so on. For example, when it is desired to obtain the effect of the present invention while reducing the input energy to the heat treatment, it is effective to perform the heat treatment intermittently. Moreover, it becomes possible to heat-process with respect to the specific position of a process target object by intermittent heat processing.

  As described above, the present invention can be applied to a process of joining two processing objects. In other words, the present invention is a process of joining two processing objects in a state of abutting each other, and the two processing objects are agitated and joined by inserting a small diameter portion at a position including the butting parts of the two processing objects. Includes processing. In this stir welding, it is effective to perform the heat treatment on the butt portion. However, in the present invention, the heat treatment can be applied to a position separated from the abutting portion by a predetermined distance. Of course, the heat treatment can be applied to both the butting portion and the position away from the butting portion by a predetermined distance.

  The present invention is effective for joining two types of processing objects having different melting points. A problem in joining two types of objects to be processed having different melting points by stirring joining is that it is difficult to create a temperature suitable for joining the objects to be treated only by the stirring action of the rotary tool. However, in the present invention, heat treatment can be performed on a processing object having a high melting point. Therefore, by controlling the agitation conditions and the heat treatment conditions with the rotary tool, it becomes possible to heat each object to be processed to a temperature necessary for agitation joining.

  Moreover, this invention can be applied to the process which modify | reforms the surface of a process target object besides the process which joins two process target objects. In this process, the small diameter portion of the rotary tool is rotated and inserted into the object to be processed, and moved in a predetermined direction. By doing in this way, the surface of a process target object can be stirred and the structure | tissue can be improved. At this time, since the object to be processed is heat-treated in the projection surface of the rotary tool, the load of insertion of the small diameter portion into the object to be processed and the movement of the rotary tool can be reduced, and the surface modification effect is improved. The effect can also be expected.

  The surface modification treatment is performed by the stirring action of the small-diameter portion of the rotary tool. In addition to this, the function of consuming the material constituting the large-diameter portion during the treatment and building up on the surface of the object to be treated is added. May be. In this case, various characteristics can be imparted to the object to be processed by selecting the material of the large diameter portion. Moreover, the material piled up on the surface of the processing object can also form a mixture or an alloy with the material forming the processing object.

  In addition to the above, as a method for depositing the processing object, it is also possible to place a cladding material on the surface of the processing object and insert the small diameter portion into the processing object through the cladding material. By stirring both the build-up material and the object to be processed by the small diameter portion, the surface of the object to be processed can be coated and reformed. Moreover, the surface or the surface of the processing object can be modified by forming a mixture or alloy of the build-up material and the processing object.

The present invention provides a novel rotary tool for use in the above metal processing method. The rotating tool is integrated with the small diameter portion that processes the processing object by rotating in a state inserted in the processing object made of metal, and the processing object is processed while the small diameter portion is processing. A large-diameter portion to be pressed, and a passage penetrating in the axial direction of rotation is formed in the small-diameter portion and / or the large-diameter portion.
If this rotary tool is used, a heating beam will pass through the penetrating passage and irradiate the object to be processed. Therefore, the processing object can be heated in the projection plane of the rotary tool.

  In the rotary tool of the present invention, the passage penetrating in the axial direction of rotation can be formed at a position coaxial with the rotary shaft and / or spaced from the rotary shaft by a predetermined distance. Forming the passage coaxially with the rotation axis is most effective for reducing the load when the small diameter portion is inserted into the object to be processed. Further, if the passage is formed at a position separated from the rotation axis by a predetermined distance, the heat treatment can be influenced over a wide range, and it is effective when joining objects to be processed having different melting points. Needless to say, the passage can be formed both at the same axis as the rotation axis and at a predetermined distance from the rotation axis.

  The rotary tool of this invention can comprise a large diameter part from the material by which the pressed part is piled up by the process target object by being pressed by the process target object. This large diameter portion becomes a consumable large diameter portion and can be used in the case of the surface modification treatment described above.

The present invention provides a novel metal processing apparatus that realizes the above metal processing method. This metal processing apparatus is integrated with a small diameter portion for processing a processing object by rotating in a state inserted into a processing object made of metal, and the processing object while the small diameter portion is being processed. A large-diameter portion that presses and a beam irradiation unit that irradiates a processing object with a heating beam via the rotary tool.
According to this metal processing apparatus, it is possible to irradiate the processing object with the heating beam through the rotary tool, so that it is possible to reduce the load during the movement after the insertion of the processing object obtained by the rotary tool. it can.

  In this metal processing apparatus, the beam irradiation unit can irradiate the object to be processed with the heating beam continuously or intermittently. In addition, the beam irradiation unit can irradiate the processing object with the heating beam through a passage penetrating in the axial direction of the rotary tool.

The surface modification treatment described above does not necessarily require heating. Therefore, the present invention is integrated with a small diameter portion for processing the processing object by rotating in a state inserted in the processing object made of metal, and the processing object while the small diameter portion is being processed. A method of modifying the surface of the object to be processed by a rotary tool having a large-diameter part that presses the part, and by pressing the large-diameter part against the object to be processed, a part of the pressed large-diameter part is obtained. Provided is a method for modifying the surface of a metal to be built up on an object to be treated.
Furthermore, the present invention further integrates a small-diameter portion that processes the processing object by rotating in a state inserted in the processing object made of metal, and presses the processing object while the small-diameter portion is being processed. The surface of the object to be processed is modified by a rotary tool having a large diameter part that is placed on the surface of the object to be processed, and the small diameter part is passed through the material to be processed. There is also provided a method for modifying the surface of a metal inserted into a metal.

  As described above, according to the present invention, the heating efficiency by the heat input means other than the rotary tool can be improved. Moreover, according to this invention, the temperature difference of a plate | board thickness direction can be reduced by heating to the inside of a joining member.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail based on embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings.
<First form>
FIGS. 1 and 2 are views for explaining a first embodiment according to the present invention. FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a state before the rotary tool 1 is inserted into the joining member 5, and FIG. It is a figure which shows the state after inserting in the member 5. FIG. FIG. 1 is a view seen from the front in the moving direction of the rotary tool 1, and FIG. 2 is a view seen from the side of the moving direction (indicated by an arrow) of the rotary tool 1.
1 and 2, the rotary tool 1 is composed of a cylindrical large diameter portion 2 and a small diameter portion 3. The large-diameter portion 2 and the small-diameter portion 3 are integrally formed from a tool material such as die steel, and a through hole H1 is formed on the rotation shaft thereof. The rotary tool 1 is rotated around a rotation axis by a rotation driving means (not shown). Further, the rotary tool 1 can be moved in the plane direction and the vertical direction in the drawing by a moving means (not shown).
A laser beam L oscillated from a laser oscillator (not shown) passes through a through hole H <b> 1 formed including the rotation axis of the rotary tool 1 and is irradiated to the bonding member 5. Therefore, the laser beam L is applied to the bonding member 5 within the projection plane of the rotary tool 1.

  As shown in FIG. 1, before the rotary tool 1 is inserted into the bonding member 5, the laser beam L is applied to the bonding member 5 when the rotary tool 1 faces and is separated from the bonding member 5. . The laser beam L is applied to the abutting portion 6 between the joining members 5. Accordingly, the portion of the joining member 5 irradiated with the laser beam L and its vicinity A1 are softened by heating and heating, so that the load when the rotary tool 1 is inserted into the joining member 5 can be reduced.

  After irradiating the laser beam L for a predetermined time before inserting the rotary tool 1 into the joining member 5, the rotary tool 1 is inserted as shown in FIG. In the first embodiment, the laser beam L is continuously irradiated even after the rotary tool 1 is inserted into the joining member 5. As a result, a temperature lower than the central portion of the joining member 5 in the thickness direction (indicated by A3 in the figure) can be heated. This portion is a portion that is not or hardly affected by the thermal effect of the small diameter portion 3 of the rotary tool 1. Therefore, according to the first embodiment, as shown by A2 in FIG. 2, a good joining state can be obtained over the entire thickness direction of the joining member 5, and joining is performed as compared with the conventional stirring joining method using only a rotary tool. Defects can be reduced. Moreover, since the rotary tool 1 is moved while irradiating the laser beam L, the moving speed can be increased as compared with the stirring joining method using only the rotary tool 1.

FIG. 3 shows a schematic configuration of the stir welding apparatus 10 for carrying out the stir welding method according to the first embodiment.
The stir welding apparatus 10 according to the first embodiment includes a base 11 on which the joining member 5 is placed. Rails 12 are disposed on the left and right sides of the base 11. A gantry 13 capable of reciprocating in the Z direction on the rail 12 is provided, and the rotary tool 1 is attached to the gantry 13 via a motor 14. The motor 14 rotationally drives the rotary tool 1. The motor 14 is attached to the gantry 13 so as to be movable in the X direction and the Y direction.
The stir welding apparatus 10 includes a laser oscillator 15. The laser beam L emitted from the laser oscillator 15 is applied to the bonding member 5 through the optical fiber 16 and the rotary tool 1.

When the joining member 5 is joined by the stir welding apparatus 10, first, the two joining members 5 are arranged with their butted portions 6 butted. Thereafter, the rotary tool 1 is aligned with the butting portion 6 of the joining member 5 by adjusting the position of the gantry 13 and the position of the motor 14 with respect to the gantry 13.
When the positioning of the rotary tool 1 with respect to the abutting portion 6 is completed, the rotary tool 1 is rotated by driving the motor 14, and the laser oscillator 15 is driven to the joining member 5 as shown in FIG. Then, the laser beam L is irradiated. Thereafter, as described above, after the laser beam L is irradiated for a predetermined time, the rotary tool 1 is inserted into the abutting portion 6 of the joining member 5. Even after the rotary tool 1 is inserted, if irradiation with the laser beam L is continued as shown in FIG. 2, joint defects can be reduced as compared to the conventional stir welding method using only the rotary tool 1, and the rotary tool can be reduced. The moving speed can be increased as compared with the stir welding method using only one.

  In the above description, the irradiation of the laser beam L before and after insertion of the rotary tool 1 into the joining member 5 has been described as continuous. However, the present invention is not limited to this mode, and the irradiation of the laser beam L can be intermittent as long as the intended purpose by the irradiation of the laser beam L can be achieved. Further, the intensity of the laser beam L irradiated before and after insertion of the rotary tool 1 into the joining member 5 may be constant or may be varied. The intensity of the laser beam L can be changed before and after insertion into the bonding member 5.

  In the present invention, as shown in FIG. 4, the laser beam L applied to the bonding member 5 can be focused by the lens 17 so that the focal point coincides with the surface of the bonding member 5. Further, as shown in FIG. 5, the laser beam L applied to the bonding member 5 may be configured to use a lens 18 and a lens 19 so that the surface of the bonding member 5 can be irradiated with a parallel beam.

<Second form>
Next, a second embodiment according to the present invention will be described.
In the first embodiment described above, the laser beam L passes through the central axis of the rotary tool 1 to irradiate the laser beam L onto the joining member 5 within the projection plane of the rotary tool 1. A mode in which the laser beam L passes through a position eccentric from the central axis of the tool 1 is disclosed.

6 and 7 are views for explaining the second embodiment according to the present invention. FIG. 6 is a view showing a state before the rotary tool 21 is inserted into the joining member 25, and FIG. It is a figure which shows the state after inserting in the member 25. FIG. 6 is a view seen from the front of the moving direction of the rotary tool 21, and FIG. 7 is a view seen from the side of the moving direction of the rotary tool 21 (indicated by an arrow). FIG. 8 is a perspective view showing a state after the rotary tool 21 is inserted into the joining member 25.
6 and 7, each of the rotary tools 21 includes a cylindrical large diameter portion 22 and a small diameter portion 23. The large-diameter portion 22 and the small-diameter portion 23 are integrally formed from a tool material such as die steel, and an arc-shaped through hole H2 is formed at a position eccentric from the rotation axis.
A laser beam L emitted from a laser oscillator (not shown) passes through a through hole H <b> 2 formed in the rotary tool 21 and is irradiated to the bonding member 25. Accordingly, the joining member 25 is irradiated with the laser beam L within the projection plane of the rotary tool 21.

  As in the first embodiment, the second form is also before the rotary tool 21 is inserted into the joining member 25 and at a stage where the rotary tool 21 is separated from the joining member 25 as shown in FIG. The joining member 25 is irradiated with L. The laser beam L is applied to the butting portion 26 between the bonding members 25. The irradiation with the laser beam L is performed from the small diameter portion 23 to the front in the moving direction of the rotary tool 21. Therefore, since the portion of the joining member 25 irradiated with the laser beam L and its vicinity A4 is heated and heated, the rotational tool 21 is inserted into the joining member 25 or the load when the rotational tool 21 is moved is reduced. Can do.

  Here, in the second embodiment, the through hole H2 is formed at a position eccentric from the rotation axis of the rotary tool 21, and therefore the laser beam L is not continuously irradiated as in the first embodiment. That is, as shown in FIG. 8, the optical fiber F is fixed on the butting portion 26, and the laser beam L is irradiated only when the through hole H2 passes through this fixed position. On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 9, when the through hole H2 exists at a position different from the fixed position, the irradiation of the laser beam L is stopped. That is, in the second mode, the laser beam L is intermittently emitted from the small diameter portion 23 to the front in the moving direction of the rotary tool 21 according to the position of the through hole H2.

  After irradiating the laser beam L for a predetermined time before inserting the rotary tool 21 into the joining member 25, the rotary tool 21 is inserted as shown in FIG. In the second embodiment, the laser beam L is intermittently irradiated even after the rotary tool 21 is inserted into the joining member 25. Accordingly, the moving direction of the rotary tool 21 and the front of the small-diameter portion 23 are softened, so that the moving load can be reduced. As a result, the moving speed can be increased as compared with the stir welding method using only the rotary tool 21.

  The example in which the irradiation position of the laser beam L is fixed has been described above, but by adopting the configuration shown in FIG. 10, the amount of eccentricity from the rotation axis of the rotary tool 21 without fixing the irradiation position of the laser beam L. The laser beam L can be irradiated on a circle having a radius of. That is, in FIG. 10, the laser beam L is guided to the through hole H2 of the rotary tool 21 by combining the mirror M1 and the mirror M2. The mirror M1 and the mirror M2 are configured to be rotatable about the mirror M1. The center of rotation coincides with the rotation axis of the rotary tool 21. When the rotational speed of the rotary tool 21 and the rotational speed of the mirror M1 and the mirror M2 are matched and the laser beam L is irradiated via the mirror M1 and the mirror M2, the laser beam L is circumferentially formed on the bonding member 25. Can be irradiated.

<Third form>
Next, a third embodiment according to the present invention will be described.
The third form discloses a form in which the laser beam L passes through the center axis of the rotary tool and a position eccentric from the center axis. In the first embodiment and the second embodiment, the laser beam L is applied to the abutting portion 6 (26) of the joining member 5 (25). In the third embodiment, the laser beam L is abutted against the joining member 5 (25). Irradiation is also made to portions other than the part 6 (26). By doing so, it is possible to stir and bond dissimilar materials having different melting points.

11 and 12 are views for explaining a third embodiment according to the present invention. FIG. 11 is a view showing a state before the rotary tool 31 is inserted into the joining member 35, and FIG. It is a figure which shows the state after inserting in the member 35. FIG. FIG. 11 is a view seen from the front in the moving direction of the rotary tool 31, and FIG. 12 is a view seen from the side of the moving direction (indicated by an arrow) of the rotary tool 31.
11 and 12, the rotary tool 31 includes a large diameter portion 32 and a small diameter portion 33. The large diameter portion 32 and the small diameter portion 33 are integrally formed of a tool material such as die steel. The rotary tool 31 has a through hole H3 formed on the rotation shaft thereof. Further, the rotary tool 31 has an arc-shaped through hole H4 formed at a position eccentric from the central axis.

  A laser beam L emitted from a laser oscillator (not shown) passes through the through holes H3 and H4 formed in the rotary tool 31 and is irradiated to the bonding member 35. Therefore, the laser beam L is applied to the bonding member 35 within the projection plane of the rotary tool 31.

  As in the first and second embodiments, the third form is also before the rotary tool 31 is inserted into the joining member 35, as shown in FIG. The joining member 35 is irradiated with the laser beam L through the through hole H3. Here, in the third embodiment, for example, one joining member 35 is steel (hereinafter referred to as a joining member 35-1), and the other joining member 35 is referred to as an aluminum alloy (hereinafter referred to as a joining member 35-2). Different materials are to be joined.

After irradiating the laser beam L for a predetermined time before inserting the rotary tool 31 into the abutting portion 36 of the joining member 35-1 and the joining member 35-2, the rotary tool 31 is inserted as shown in FIG. In the third embodiment, irradiation of the laser beam L through the through hole H3 is continued even after the rotary tool 31 is inserted into the abutting portion 36 of the joining member 35-1 and the joining member 35-2. As a result, it is possible to raise the temperature of the portions (indicated by A8 in the figure) that are lower than the thickness direction center portions of the joining member 35-1 and the joining member 35-2. This portion is a portion that is not or hardly affected by the thermal effect of the small diameter portion 33 of the rotary tool 31.
Therefore, according to the third embodiment, as shown in FIG. 12, a good joining state can be obtained over the entire thickness direction of the joining member 35, and the joining defects are reduced as compared with the conventional stirring joining method using only the rotary tool. can do. Moreover, since the rotary tool 31 is moved while irradiating the laser beam L, the moving speed can be increased as compared with the stir welding method using only the rotary tool 31.

  In the third embodiment, after the rotary tool 31 is inserted into the abutting portion 36 of the joining member 35-1 and the joining member 35-2, the laser beam L is irradiated to the joining member 35-1 through the through hole H4. . Therefore, the region indicated by A9 of the bonding member 35-1 is softened by the laser beam L. Here, as shown in FIG. 13, the through-hole H4 may be located in the region of the joining member 35-2. At this time, the irradiation of the laser beam L passing through the through hole H4 is stopped. That is, by controlling the irradiation of the laser beam L that passes through the through-hole H4, the temperature of the joining member 35-1 made of steel is heated, but the joining member 35-2 made of an aluminum alloy passes through the through-hole H4. The laser beam L is not heated. At this time, the joining member 35-2 made of an aluminum alloy is not directly heated and heated. Here, the softening temperature of the steel is about 800 ° C., and the softening temperature of the aluminum alloy is about 400 ° C. The difference in the softening temperatures makes it difficult to stir and join the two. However, in the third embodiment, the temperature of the joining member 35-1 is higher than that of the aluminum alloy joining member 35-2 by irradiating the steel joining member 35-1 with a high softening temperature with the laser beam L. Can do. Therefore, even if the softening temperatures of the objects to be joined are different, both the joining member 35-1 and the joining member 35-2 can be simultaneously softened by controlling the irradiation of the laser beam L passing through the through hole H4. Is possible.

In the above example, the irradiation of the laser beam L from the through hole H4 is stopped in the state shown in FIG. 13, but the present invention is not limited to this mode. For example, in the state of FIG. 13, the output energy of the laser beam L from the through hole H4 can be weakened. In that case, the irradiation pattern of the laser beam L has a pulse shape as shown in FIG.
In the third embodiment, the laser beam L is irradiated from the through hole H3, that is, the rotation axis of the rotary tool 31. However, when only the stir welding of different materials is considered, the rotation axis of the rotary tool 31 is used. It is possible to omit the irradiation of the laser beam L from. The present invention also includes this aspect.

<4th form>
Although the 1st-3rd form discloses the example which stir-joins in the state which faced two joining members 5, 25, and 35, the present invention can also be applied to surface modification of a metal material. it can. Therefore, in the fourth embodiment, an embodiment in which the present invention is applied to the surface modification of a metal material will be described.

  15 and 16 are views for explaining a fourth embodiment according to the present invention. FIG. 15 is a view showing a state before the rotary tool 41 is inserted into the reforming member 45, and FIG. It is a figure which shows the state after inserting in the modification member 45. FIG. 15 is a diagram seen from the front of the rotary tool 41 in the moving direction, and FIG. 16 is a diagram seen from the side of the rotary tool 41 in the moving direction (indicated by an arrow).

  15 and 16, the rotary tool 41 is composed of a cylindrical large diameter portion 42 and a small diameter portion 43. The large diameter portion 42 is composed of a build-up material with respect to the surface of the reforming member 45. As the build-up material, for example, a high Cr base alloy, a Ni base alloy, a Co base alloy, or the like can be used. The small diameter portion 43 is made of a tool material such as die steel. The large diameter portion 42 is shrink-fitted around the small diameter portion 43 and joined by other means. A through hole H5 through which the laser beam L passes is formed in the central axis of the small diameter portion 43 (the rotation center of the rotary tool 41).

  As in the first embodiment, the fourth embodiment is also before the rotary tool 41 is inserted into the reforming member 45, as shown in FIG. The surface of the modifying member 45 is irradiated with the laser beam L. Accordingly, the portion of the modifying member 45 irradiated with the laser beam L and its vicinity A10 are heated and heated to soften, so that the load when the rotary tool 41 is inserted into the modifying member 45 can be reduced.

  After irradiating the laser beam L for a predetermined time before inserting the rotary tool 41 into the reforming member 45, the rotary tool 41 is inserted as shown in FIG. In the fourth embodiment, even after the rotary tool 41 is inserted into the modifying member 45, the laser beam L can be irradiated continuously or intermittently, and the irradiation of the laser beam L can be stopped. After the rotary tool 41 is inserted into the reforming member 45, the rotary tool 41 is rotated while pressing the rotary tool 41 against the reforming member 45 with a predetermined pressure. In this process, the large diameter portion 42 in contact with the reforming member 45 is supplied to the surface of the reforming member 45 as a build-up material. That is, the large diameter portion 42 is consumed as the rotary tool 41 rotates. On the other hand, when the surface of the reforming member 45 is agitated by the small diameter portion 43, the material supplied as the build-up material from the large diameter portion 42 and the reforming member 45 are mixed or alloyed, so that the surface of the reforming member 45 is changed. The reforming part K can be used.

Even after the rotary tool 41 is inserted into the reforming member 45, if the laser beam L is irradiated, the rotary tool 41 can be inserted deeper into the reforming member 45. Therefore, the depth of the modified layer in the reforming member 45 can be increased.
In the above fourth embodiment, the mode in which the laser beam L is irradiated onto the modifying member 45 from the rotating shaft of the rotary tool 41 is disclosed. However, the surface modification is performed even without the laser beam L being irradiated. Can do. The present invention includes this form. Of course, it is needless to say that surface modification with irradiation of the laser beam L is a desirable form.
Moreover, in the above 4th form, although the large diameter part 42 of the rotary tool 41 is made into the form worn out with rotation of the rotary tool 41, this invention accept | permits making it the non-consumable type large diameter part 42. .

  Furthermore, in the above 4th form, it is set as the form which the large diameter part 42 of the rotary tool 41 is consumed with rotation of the rotary tool 41, and it is set as the form which supplies build-up material from the large diameter part 42, Large diameter part 52 is made of the same material as that of the small-diameter portion 53 and is of a non-consumable type, and a build-up material can be supplied from a plate material 56 as shown in FIG. That is, the rotary tool 51 is inserted into the plate material 56 and the reforming member 55 and rotated with the plate material 56 serving as a build-up material placed on the surface of the reforming member 55. By doing so, the plate material 56 and the reforming member 55 are mixed or alloyed by stirring the surfaces of the plate material 56 and the reforming member 55, whereby the surface of the reforming member 55 can be used as the reforming portion K. .

Specific examples of the present invention will be described below.
<Example 1>
Experiments according to the first form were performed. The experimental conditions were as follows, and the load (load during insertion) when the rotary tool was inserted into the joining member was measured. Moreover, the load at the time of moving after inserting a rotary tool in a joining member (load at the time of movement) was measured. The results are described below. It can be seen that the load during insertion and the load during movement are reduced by irradiating the laser beam. Thus, by reducing the load at the time of insertion and the load at the time of movement, the man-hour of the stir welding can be reduced, and the equipment rigidity can be reduced. Regarding the man-hour reduction, the speed during movement can be improved from 50 to 100 mm / min in the case of no laser beam irradiation to 100 to 150 mm / min.

Stir welding conditions Joining member material: Mild steel Joining member plate thickness: 5-10mm
Rotating tool rotation speed: 400rpm
Rotary tool moving speed: 50-100mm / min
Laser beam output: 1-2 kW
Laser beam irradiation diameter: 1 mm

Measurement result Insertion load: With laser beam irradiation ... 5 to 8 tons
No laser beam irradiation ... 9-12ton
Moving load: With laser beam irradiation ... 5 to 8 tons
No laser beam irradiation ... 6-9ton

<Example 2>
An experiment according to the fourth embodiment was performed. However, the large-diameter portion is a non-consumable type large-diameter portion, and the laser beam irradiation is performed. The experimental conditions were as follows, and the moving speed (load during movement) after inserting the rotary tool into the reforming member was measured. Moreover, the average crystal grain size of the modified part was measured. The result will be described below. By moving the laser beam, the moving speed of the rotary tool can be improved. Further, the crystal grain size of the modified portion can be reduced by laser beam irradiation.

Stir welding conditions Joining member material: Mild steel Joining member plate thickness: 5-10mm
Rotating tool rotation speed: 400rpm
Laser beam output: 1-2 kW
Laser beam irradiation diameter: 1 mm

Measurement result Moving speed: With laser beam irradiation ... 100-150mm / min
No laser beam irradiation ... 50-100mm / min
Modified part average crystal grain size: with laser beam irradiation 5-10 μm
No laser beam irradiation ... 10-15 μm

It is a figure for demonstrating a 1st form, Comprising: It is a figure which shows the state before inserting a rotary tool in a joining member. It is a figure for demonstrating a 1st form, Comprising: It is a figure which shows the state after inserting a rotary tool in a joining member. It is a figure which shows the structure outline | summary of the stir welding apparatus by a 1st form. It is a figure which shows the form of the laser beam applied to a 1st form. It is a figure which shows the other form of the laser beam applied to a 1st form. It is a figure for demonstrating a 2nd form, Comprising: It is a figure which shows the state before inserting a rotary tool in a joining member. It is a figure for demonstrating a 2nd form, Comprising: It is a figure which shows the state after inserting a rotary tool in a joining member. In a 2nd form, it is a figure which shows the state which has irradiated the laser beam. In a 2nd form, it is a figure which shows the state which has stopped irradiation of the laser beam. It is a figure explaining the irradiation method of the laser beam by a 2nd form. It is a figure for demonstrating a 3rd form, Comprising: It is a figure which shows the state before inserting a rotary tool in a joining member. It is a figure for demonstrating a 3rd form, Comprising: It is a figure which shows the state after inserting a rotary tool in a joining member. It is a figure for demonstrating a 3rd form, Comprising: It is a figure which shows the other state after inserting a rotary tool in a joining member. It is a figure which shows the irradiation pattern of the laser beam in a 3rd form. It is a figure for demonstrating a 4th form, Comprising: It is a figure which shows the state before inserting a rotary tool in a modifying member. It is a figure for demonstrating a 4th form, Comprising: It is a figure which shows the state after inserting a rotary tool in a modifying member. It is a figure for demonstrating the modification of a 4th form, Comprising: It is a figure which shows the state after inserting a rotary tool in a modifying member.

Explanation of symbols

1, 2, 31, 41, 51 ... rotating tool, 2, 22, 32, 42, 52 ... large diameter part, 3, 23, 33, 43, 53 ... small diameter part, 5, 25, 35 ... joining member, 45 55 ... reforming member,
6, 26, 36 ... butting part, 56 ... plate material, H1, H2, H3, H4, H5 ... through hole, K ... reforming part, L ... laser beam

Claims (20)

A small-diameter portion that processes the processing object by rotating in a state of being inserted into the processing object made of metal, and is integrated with the small-diameter portion, and presses the processing object while the small-diameter portion is being processed. A method of processing the object to be processed by a rotary tool provided with a large diameter portion,
Applying the heat treatment to the processing object in the projection plane of the rotating tool before making the rotating tool face the processing object and inserting the small diameter portion into the processing object;
Inserting the small diameter portion into the processing object while rotationally driving the rotary tool;
The metal processing method characterized by comprising.   The metal processing method according to claim 1, wherein the heat treatment is performed by passing a heating beam through the rotary tool.   The heat treatment is performed on a location corresponding to a rotation axis of the rotary tool and / or a location corresponding to a position eccentric by a predetermined distance from the rotation axis of the rotary tool. 3. The method for treating a metal according to 2.   The metal treatment method according to claim 1, wherein the heat treatment is performed even after the small diameter portion is inserted into the object to be treated.   The metal heat treatment method according to claim 1, wherein the heat treatment is intermittently performed. The process of the metal is a process of joining the two processing objects in a state of abutting each other,
The metal processing according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the two processing objects are agitated and joined by inserting the small diameter portion at a position including the butting portions of the two processing objects. Method.   The metal heat treatment method according to claim 6, wherein the heat treatment is performed on the butting portion and / or a position separated from the butting portion by a predetermined distance.   The metal processing method according to claim 6, wherein the two objects to be processed have different melting points.   The metal treatment method according to claim 8, wherein the heat treatment is performed on the object to be treated having a high melting point.   The metal treatment method according to claim 1, wherein the metal treatment is a treatment for modifying a surface of the object to be treated.   The metal processing method according to claim 10, wherein a material constituting the large diameter portion is built up on a surface of the processing object.   The metal processing method according to claim 10, wherein a build-up material is placed on a surface of the processing object, and the small diameter portion is inserted into the processing object through the build-up material. A small diameter portion for processing the processing object by rotating in a state inserted in the processing object made of metal,
A large-diameter portion that is integrated with the small-diameter portion and presses the object to be processed while the small-diameter portion is being processed,
A rotary tool characterized in that a passage penetrating in the axial direction of the rotation is formed in the small diameter portion and / or the large diameter portion.   The rotary tool according to claim 13, wherein the passage is formed coaxially with the rotary shaft and / or at a position spaced apart from the rotary shaft by a predetermined distance.   The rotation according to claim 13 or 14, wherein the large-diameter portion is made of a material that is pressed against the processing object, so that the pressed portion is built up on the processing object. tool. A small-diameter portion that processes the processing object by rotating in a state of being inserted into the processing object made of metal, and is integrated with the small-diameter portion, and presses the processing object while the small-diameter portion is being processed. A rotary tool comprising a large diameter portion to
A beam irradiation unit that irradiates the object to be processed with the heating beam through the rotary tool;
A metal processing apparatus comprising:   The metal processing apparatus according to claim 16, wherein the beam irradiation unit irradiates the processing object with the heating beam continuously or intermittently.   18. The metal processing apparatus according to claim 16, wherein the beam irradiation unit irradiates the object to be processed with the heating beam through a passage penetrating in the axial direction of the rotary tool. A small-diameter portion that processes the processing object by rotating in a state of being inserted into the processing object made of metal, and is integrated with the small-diameter portion, and presses the processing object while the small-diameter portion is being processed. A method of modifying the surface of the object to be processed with a rotary tool provided with a large diameter portion,
A metal surface modification method characterized in that a part of the pressed large-diameter portion is built up on the processing object by pressing the large-diameter part against the processing object. A small-diameter portion that processes the processing object by rotating in a state of being inserted into the processing object made of metal, and is integrated with the small-diameter portion, and presses the processing object while the small-diameter portion is being processed. A method of modifying the surface of the object to be processed with a rotary tool provided with a large diameter portion,
A metal surface modification method comprising placing a build-up material on the surface of the object to be processed, and inserting the small diameter portion into the process object through the build-up material.

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