JP2006181693A - Machine tool - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a machine tool, preventing chips from directly touching a protective cover body protecting a moving mechanism of a spindle head. <P>SOLUTION: The lower part of a spindle support 8a of the spindle head 8 is provided with a Z-axis cover 43 to protect the front of the protective cover body 30 protecting a mechanism housing part 6. The Z-axis cover 43 is inclined by a regulating member 45 to make the lower end of the Z-axis cover 43 close to the front of the protective cover body 30. Thus, the chips are prevented from entering the protective cover body 30 side. The Z-axis cover 43 is rockably connected through a hinge part 62 to the regulating member 45. When the Z-axis cover 43 is moved downward with the movement of the spindle head 8, the front side of the lower end of the Z-axis cover 43 is slid on a guide roller 55 of a guide unit 50. The angle of inclination of the Z-axis cover 43 is thereby displaced, so that the whole of the Z-axis cover 43 is housed in a housing area 27. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a machine tool, and more particularly to a machine tool that can prevent chips from entering a mechanical part or the like of a machine tool.

  2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a machining center that is a machine tool includes a bed that serves as a base and a column that is erected substantially vertically upward from the rear of the bed. A spindle head is movably provided in the Z-axis direction (vertical direction) on the upper part of the front side facing the bed of the column, and a machining tool is mounted on the spindle of the spindle head. Furthermore, a table that can move in the XY-axis direction is provided on the bed, and a workpiece that is a workpiece is detachably fixed on the table. Then, the table and the spindle of the spindle head face each other, the spindle head moves downward, and the spindle rotates to rotate the tool. Thereby, for example, “boring”, “milling”, “drilling”, “cutting” and the like can be performed on the workpiece on the table.

In such a machining center, a moving mechanism for moving the spindle head in the Z-axis direction is provided in the column along the longitudinal direction of the column. The moving mechanism is exposed to the spindle head side. Therefore, chips scattered from the table may enter the moving mechanism and accumulate, and the spindle head may not be able to move smoothly. Therefore, for example, a sheet-like protective cover body is stretched between the lower part of the machining head (spindle head) and the lower part of the column, so that chips are generated in the rail part of the machining head or in the transmission mechanism (in the moving mechanism). A protective cover device in a machine tool that can prevent intrusion and adhesion is known (see, for example, Patent Document 1). The protective cover body of this protective cover device has flexibility, is provided on the lower end side thereof, and a roller-shaped weight is disposed on the folded portion folded upward. Therefore, the protective cover body is stretched without slack along the front side of the column, and can be moved up and down with the movement of the machining head. Furthermore, the front side of the column is provided with a metal protection plate located in front of the lower side of the protective cover body, so that the protective cover body can be prevented from being directly damaged by being damaged. You can also.
JP 2004-106083 A

  However, in the protective cover device in the machine tool described in Patent Document 1, a gap is formed between a plurality of protective plates arranged on the front surface of the protective cover body and the protective plate. There is a problem that the protective cover body may be damaged due to intrusion, and sheet tearing cannot be completely prevented. Further, since the protective plate of the protective cover body is made of metal, the weight of the protective cover body itself becomes heavy, and there is a problem that a load is imposed on the moving mechanism of the processing head to which the upper end portion of the protective cover body is fixed. there were. In addition, a plurality of protective plates must be attached to the front surface of the protective cover body one by one, and there is a problem that it takes time and effort.

  The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a machine tool that can prevent chips from directly hitting a protective cover body that protects the moving mechanism of the spindle head.

  In order to achieve the above object, a machine tool according to claim 1 includes a bed serving as a base, a column erected substantially vertically upward from the rear of the bed, and a front side facing the bed above the column. A spindle head that reciprocates in the vertical direction, and is stretched between the spindle head and the bed, protects the front side of the column, and has a substantially band-shaped protective cover body having flexibility. Is provided at a lower portion of the spindle head, covers a front surface of the protective cover body, and includes a protection plate that moves in the vertical direction as the spindle head reciprocates.

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, in addition to the configuration of the first aspect of the invention, the protection plate is provided at a lower portion of the spindle head and is pivotally supported so as to be swingable in the vertical direction. The lower part of the spindle head supports the vicinity of the shaft support side end of the protection plate from below, and the swing range of the protection plate is set so that the lower end of the protection plate is close to the column side. A regulating member for regulating is provided.

  According to a third aspect of the present invention, in addition to the structure of the first or second aspect of the invention, a storage area in which the protective plate can be stored in the lower portion of the column, and the protective plate moves downward. In this case, a guide portion is provided that guides the lower end portion of the protection plate to the storage area and stores the entire protection plate in the storage area.

  According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the machine tool according to the third aspect, in addition to the configuration of the third aspect of the invention, the guide portion is provided in front of the storage area on the front side of the column and moves downward. The guide roller is provided so as to contact the lower end of the front surface side and gradually displace the inclination angle of the protective plate to guide and store the entire protective plate in the storage area.

  According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in addition to the configuration of the invention according to any one of the first to fourth aspects, the protective plate is formed in a substantially rectangular shape, and is provided at both left and right ends of the protective plate. A bellows-shaped side cover portion that closes a gap with the front surface of the column and contracts as the protection plate reciprocates, and is provided along both left and right end portions of the column front surface. And an abutting sliding part for the end part to abut and slide.

  In the machine tool according to the first aspect, a protection plate is provided at the lower portion of the spindle head, and the protection plate moves in the vertical direction as the spindle head moves. Since the protective plate moves while covering the front surface of the protective cover body, the chips scattered from the vicinity of the spindle head hit the protective cover. Thereby, since chips do not directly hit the flexible protective cover body, it is possible to prevent the protective cover body from being damaged.

  Further, in the machine tool according to claim 2, in addition to the effect of the invention according to claim 1, the protective cover body is pivotally supported by the lower part of the spindle head so as to be swingable in the vertical direction. Can be adjusted freely. Furthermore, since the lower end portion of the protective plate can be inclined so as to be close to the column side by the regulating member, the gap between the protective cover body and the protective plate can be reduced, and chips are attached to the surface of the protective cover body. Can be prevented.

  Further, in the machine tool according to claim 3, in addition to the effect of the invention according to claim 1 or 2, the protection plate when moved downward along with the movement of the spindle head is stored by the guide portion from the lower end portion thereof. It is stored in the area. Thereby, when a protection board moves below, it can prevent that the lower end part of a protection board collides with the upper part of a bed.

  In addition to the effect of the invention according to claim 3, when the protective plate moves downward, the machine tool according to claim 4 makes the lower end portion on the front surface abut against the guide roller of the guide portion. Then, as the protective plate moves downward, the inclination angle of the protective plate is gradually displaced, and the entire protective plate can be smoothly moved and stored in the storage area.

  In addition to the effect of the invention according to any one of claims 1 to 4, the machine tool according to claim 5 can close the gap between the left and right end portions of the protective plate and the front surface of the column with the side cover portion. Therefore, it is possible to prevent chips from adhering to the surface of the protective cover body. Moreover, since the side cover part is formed in a bellows shape, it can be folded when the protective plate is stored in the storage area. Furthermore, the end of the side cover part slides on the abutting sliding parts provided on the left and right ends of the front of the column, so the end of the side cover is bent or caught on the left and right ends of the front of the column. It can be prevented from being damaged.

  Hereinafter, a machining center 1 according to a first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is an overall perspective view of the machining center 1 according to the first embodiment (spindle head 8: upper position), and FIG. 2 is an overall perspective view of the machining center 1 according to the first embodiment (spindle head 8: 3 is a perspective view showing the vicinity of the Z-axis cover device 40, FIG. 4 is a right side view showing the shaft support structure of the Z-axis cover device 40, and FIG. FIG. 6 is an operation explanatory diagram of the shaft cover device 40 (spindle head 8: upper position), FIG. 6 is an operation explanatory diagram of the Z axis cover device 40 (main shaft head 8: intermediate position), and FIG. 7 is a Z axis cover. It is operation | movement explanatory drawing (spindle head 8: downward position) of the apparatus 40. FIG. Furthermore, in the Z-axis cover 43 shown in the figure, the surface on the main shaft 9 side is the front surface (front surface), and the column 5 side is the back surface (back surface). 1 to 7, the left side of the drawing is the front side of the column 5, and the right side of the drawing is the back side of the column 5. Further, the X-axis direction of the machining center 1 refers to the left-right direction of the machining center 1, the Y-axis direction refers to the depth direction (front-rear direction) of the machining center 1, and the Z-axis direction refers to the vertical direction of the machining center 1. Shall.

  First, a schematic configuration of the machining center 1 will be described. The machining center 1 shown in FIG. 1 moves a workpiece (not shown) and a tool 4 which are not shown in the figure relative to each other to perform desired machining (for example, “boring”, “milling”, “drilling”, “ It is a machine tool that can perform cutting and the like. The machining center 1 includes an iron bed 2 serving as a base and a machine body 3 that is provided on the bed 2 and processes a workpiece. Further, the machining center 1 is provided with an operation unit (not shown) for inputting a machining program of the machining center 1 and parameters such as the machining program. Although not shown, a splash cover for surrounding and protecting the machine main body 3 may be provided on the upper portion of the bed 2.

  Next, the bed 2 will be described. As shown in FIG. 1, the bed 2 extends in parallel to the Y-axis direction of the machining center 1, and leg portions 2 a that can be height-adjusted are provided at the lower four corners of the bed 2. And these four leg parts 2a are installed in floor surfaces, such as a factory, and the machining center 1 is installed in a predetermined place. Further, a cutting fluid supply port (not shown) for supplying a cutting fluid to the upper portion of the bed 2 is provided at the rear portion of the bed 2. Further, in the vicinity of both corners on the rear side of the upper portion of the bed 2, substantially rectangular parallelepiped column seats 22 are provided for mounting and fixing columns 5 described later. Moreover, the core part of the bed 2 is so-called “thickening” (frame structure with ribs) for weight reduction, high strength, and low cost. A machine body 3 is provided on the upper portion of the bed 2.

  Next, the machine body 3 will be described. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the machine body 3 is mounted and fixed on the upper surfaces of a pair of column seats 22 provided on the upper rear side of the bed 2, and extends substantially vertically upward. A rectangular parallelepiped column 5, a substantially rectangular parallelepiped mechanism storage unit 6 which is provided on the front surface of the column 5 and stores a head moving mechanism (not shown), which will be described later, and the front side of the mechanism storage unit 6 is Z-axis. A spindle head 8 movably provided in a direction, a spindle 9 provided at a lower portion of the spindle head 8, supported by the spindle head 8, on which a tool 4 is detachably mounted, and in front of the spindle head 8. A tool changer 10 (ATC) that is supported and grips a plurality of tools 4 and automatically changes the tool 4 mounted on the spindle 9 and an upper part of the bed 2, and a workpiece is detachably fixed. And a table 1 movable in the X-axis and Y-axis directions When the control device for controlling the operation of the machining center 1 (not shown) provided on the back side of the column 5, and is mainly composed of a control box 11 for housing the control unit.

  A protective cover body 30 is provided between the lower portion of the spindle head 8 and the upper portion of the bed 2 so as to cover the front surface of the mechanism housing portion 6. The protective cover body 30 is movable in the Z-axis direction along with the movement of the spindle head 8. Further, a substantially rectangular parallelepiped spindle support base 8a that supports the spindle 9 in a substantially vertical direction is provided at the front portion of the spindle head 8 so as to protrude downward. A Z-axis cover device 40 for protecting the front side of the protective cover body 30 is provided below the spindle support base 8a. The Z-axis cover device 40 includes a Z-axis cover 43 having a substantially rectangular shape in plan view that covers the front side of the protective cover body 30. And the upper end part of the Z-axis cover 43 is pivotally supported by the corner | angular part by the side of the mechanism accommodating part 6 in the lower part of the spindle support stand 8a via the regulating member 45 and the hinge part 62 which are mentioned later. Thus, the Z-axis cover 43 is supported so as to be inclined so that its lower end is close to the front surface side of the protective cover body 30, and the lower end of the Z-axis cover 43 is swingable in the vertical direction. . The spindle support base 8a is a part of the spindle head 8, and the spindle head 8 combined with the spindle support base 8a corresponds to a “spindle head”.

  A storage area 27 for storing the Z-axis cover 43 in a substantially horizontal state is provided in the vicinity of the lower portion of the mechanism storage unit 6. Further, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the entire Z-axis cover 43 is stored on the lower front side of the mechanism storage unit 6 while displacing the inclination angle of the Z-axis cover 43 that moves downward together with the spindle head 8. A guide unit 50 for pulling in toward the region 27 is provided. The Z-axis cover device 40 and the guide unit 50 are the features of the present invention. The detailed structures of the Z-axis cover device 40 and the guide unit 50 will be described later.

  Next, the mechanism storage unit 6 will be described. As shown in FIG. 1, the mechanism storage 6 is formed in a substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape with the front and bottom surfaces opened. A pair of guide rails (not shown) that extend in parallel with the Z-axis direction and guide the spindle head 8 in the Z-axis direction are provided near the left and right ends of the front side. Further, a head moving mechanism (not shown) for moving the spindle head 8 in the Z-axis direction is housed inside the mechanism housing portion 6. This head moving mechanism extends parallel to the Z-axis direction, and a ball screw shaft (not shown) that slidably supports the spindle head 8 and a lift for moving the spindle head 8 along the ball screw axis. A motor is provided. And by such a head moving mechanism, the spindle head 8 is arrange | positioned at the front side of the mechanism accommodating part 6 so that a vertical movement is possible. Further, as described above, the protective cover body 30 fixed to the lower portion of the spindle head 8 is stretched on the front side of the mechanism housing portion 6. Therefore, the front side of the head moving mechanism is protected by the protective cover body 30, so that chips and the like do not enter the head moving mechanism. Note that the column 5 and the mechanism storage 6 shown in FIG. 1 correspond to a “column”.

  Next, the tool changer 10 will be described. As shown in FIG. 1, the tool changer 10 is provided in front of the spindle head 8. This tool changer 10 includes a tool magazine 12 having a substantially circular shape when viewed from the front, a grip arm 13 that is arranged along the periphery of the tool magazine 12, and that grips the tool 4. Magazine motor (not shown) for moving the tool 4 to the tool change position. Furthermore, a pair of magazine support pieces 25 and 25 (see FIGS. 1 and 2) are provided between the rear portion of the tool magazine 12 and the left and right end portions of the front surface of the mechanism storage portion 6 via a spindle head 8 that moves in the Z-axis direction. In FIG. 2, only the right magazine support piece 25 is shown. Thus, the tool changer 10 is supported on the front side of the spindle head 8.

  The tool changing operation of the tool changing device 10 having the above configuration is controlled by a control device housed in the control box 11. For example, the operation unit of the machine main body 3 is operated, and the tool change is instructed to the tool changer 10 from the control device. Then, the tool 4 mounted on the spindle 9 is gripped by the grip arm 13 of the tool magazine 12 and moved to the original holding position of the tool magazine 12. Subsequently, the tool magazine 12 is rotated until the tool 4 selected by the operation unit is gripped and the grip arm 13 held at the holding position of the tool magazine 12 moves to the tool changing position near the spindle 9. Thereafter, the grip arm 13 that holds the selected tool 4 moves to the main shaft 9 side, and the selected tool 4 is mounted on the main shaft 9. In this way, the tool change operation by the tool changer 10 is performed.

  Next, the table 15 will be described. As shown in FIG. 1, the table 15 is disposed on the upper portion of the bed 2 and at a portion located below the main shaft 9. The table 15 is controlled to move in the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction of the machining center 1 by an X motor (not shown) and a Y motor (not shown) that are servo motors. More specifically, a substantially rectangular parallelepiped moving body 16 (see FIGS. 1 and 2) is provided below the table 15. A pair of X-axis feed guides (not shown) extending along the X-axis direction (left-right direction) are provided on the upper portion of the moving body 16, and the table 15 can move on the X-axis feed guides. Is provided. Furthermore, the moving body 16 is provided so as to be movable on a pair of Y-axis feed guides extending along the longitudinal direction of the bed 2. Accordingly, the table 15 is guided in the X-axis direction along the X-axis feed guide by the X motor provided on the bed 2, and along the Y-axis feed guide by the Y motor provided on the bed 2. Guided in the Y-axis direction. Thus, the table 15 can move in the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction.

  Furthermore, telescopic covers 18 and 19 are respectively provided on the left and right sides of the X-axis feed guide so as to sandwich the table 15 in the center. Further, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the telescopic cover 20 and the substantially mountain-shaped Y-axis rear cover 21 cover the Y-axis feed guide so as to sandwich the moving body 16 in the center. It is installed. Among these covers, the telescopic covers 18, 19 and 20 telescopically expand and contract in each direction as the table 15 moves in the X-axis direction or the Y-axis direction. On the other hand, the Y-axis rear cover 21 is made of a single sheet metal and is housed in a cover housing portion (not shown) provided at the lower portion of the column 5 when moving to the column 5 side. Accordingly, the X-axis feed guide and the Y-axis feed guide are always covered by the telescopic covers 18, 19, 20 and the Y-axis rear cover 21 regardless of whether the table 15 moves in the X-axis direction or the Y-axis direction. It is possible to prevent chips scattered from the table 15 and the tool 4 from falling on each rail and accumulating. Moreover, although not shown in figure, the substantially mountain-shaped roof part protrudes in the front side edge part of the cover accommodating part toward the table 15 side. Thereby, since the clearance gap between the Y-axis back cover 21 and a cover storage part is covered, it can prevent that chips enter into the clearance gap.

  Next, the control device will be described. This control device is accommodated in the control box 11 shown in FIGS. This control device is composed of a microcomputer, and is basically composed of a CPU, a ROM, a RAM, an input interface, an output interface, and the like. A cord (not shown) is connected to the control device, and the cord is connected to the operation unit. As a result, the input operation performed by the operation unit is processed by the control device, and commands are issued to servo motors and various sensors provided in each device of the machine body.

  Next, the protective cover body 30 will be described. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, the protective cover body 30 is a flexible synthetic resin strip-shaped sheet. The upper end portion of the protective cover body 30 is fixed to the corner portion on the column 5 side of the spindle head 8 via a bracket, a bolt, or the like (not shown). On the other hand, the other end portion of the protective cover body 30 passes through the front surface side and the lower surface side of the mechanism housing portion 6 and is drawn into the inside of the cover portion 7 provided on the front surface side below the column 5. Further, inside the cover portion 7, the other end portion of the protective cover body 30 is folded upward and fixed to the front surface of the lower portion of the column 5 (inside the cover portion 7). Since the roller-shaped weight (not shown) is rotatably disposed at the folded portion, the protective cover body 30 is stretched from the bottom of the spindle head 8 into the cover portion 7 without slack. Yes. When the spindle head 8 moves upward, the protective cover body 30 is pulled up, so that the weight moves upward inside the cover portion 7. Further, when the spindle head 8 moves downward, the weight pulls down the protective cover body 30. Thereby, the protective cover body 30 can be made to be in a state where it is always stretched between the lower part of the spindle head 8 and the cover part 7 without slack.

  Next, the Z-axis cover device 40 that is a feature of the present invention will be described. As shown in FIG. 3, the Z-axis cover device 40 is fixed to a vertically long, substantially rectangular Z-axis cover 43 that covers and protects the front surface side of the protective cover body 30, and a lower portion of the spindle support base 8a. A restriction member 45 that supports the Z-axis cover 43 while restricting the inclination angle of the cover 43, and a hinge part 62 that connects the restriction member 45 and the upper end of the Z-axis cover 43 so as to be swingable. .

  Next, each part which comprises the Z-axis cover apparatus 40 is demonstrated in order. As shown in FIG. 3, the Z-axis cover 43 is an iron plate formed in a substantially rectangular shape in plan view. Furthermore, the size of the Z-axis cover 43 is adjusted to such an extent that the front surface of the protective cover body 30 can be covered substantially when the spindle head 8 moves to the upper position. The Z-axis cover 43 shown in FIG. 3 corresponds to a “protection plate”.

  On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 4, the restricting member 45 includes a fixed piece 45a having a substantially rectangular shape in plan view fixed along the mechanism housing portion 6 side (see FIG. 3) on the lower surface of the spindle support base 8a, and the fixed piece. A support piece 45b having a substantially rectangular shape in plan view extending obliquely upward from one end of the mechanism storage part 6 side of 45a toward the front surface of the protective cover body 30 (see FIG. 3), and the mechanism storage of the support piece 45b It is comprised from the control piece 45c extended diagonally downward toward the front surface of the protective cover body 30 from the one end part on the part 6 side. Then, the shape formed by the support piece 45b and the restriction piece 45c becomes a substantially “h” shape, the upper end portion of the Z-axis cover 43 abuts on the upper surface of the restriction piece 45c, and the Z-axis cover 43 is inclined and supported. It has come to be. The angle formed by the support piece 45 b and the restriction piece 45 c is set so that the lower end portion of the Z-axis cover 43 is close to the front side of the protective cover body 30. Further, an elastic body 46 serving as a cushion is wound around a portion where the upper end portion of the Z-axis cover 43 contacts the restriction piece 45c.

  Moreover, the hinge part 62 is a well-known hinge which connects one and the other so that rocking is possible, for example. The hinge portion 62 includes a first fixed piece 62a fixed to one side, a second fixed piece 62b fixed to the other side, and a shaft support portion that connects the first fixed piece 62a and the second fixed piece 62b in a swingable manner. 62c.

  Next, the connection structure of these components in the Z-axis cover device 40 will be described. As shown in FIG. 4, the fixing piece 45 a of the regulating member 45 is brought into contact with the corner portion on the mechanism housing portion 6 (see FIG. 3) side in the lower part of the spindle support base 8 a and is fixed by the fixing tool 14. Further, the lower surface of the first fixed piece 62 a of the hinge portion 62 is brought into contact with the upper surface of the support piece 45 b of the restricting member 45 and is fixed by the fixture 17. On the other hand, the upper end portion of the Z-axis cover 43 is fixed to the lower surface of the second fixed piece 62b of the hinge portion 62 by welding or the like. With such a structure, the lower end portion of the Z-axis cover 43 can swing in the vertical direction with the shaft support portion 62c of the hinge portion 62 as an axis. Further, since the regulating piece 45c of the regulating member 45 abuts on the front surface side of the upper end portion of the Z-axis cover 43, the inclination angle of the Z-axis cover 43 is not displaced to a right angle side (does not stand upright). . Thereby, as shown in FIG. 1, the lower end portion of the Z-axis cover 43 can always be brought close to the front surface side of the protective cover body 30, so that it is difficult for chips to enter the protective cover body 30 side. It is possible to prevent chips from adhering to the cover body 30.

  Next, the guide unit 50 will be described. As shown in FIG. 3, the guide unit 50 is arranged on the table 15 disposed on the lower front side of the column 5 shown in FIG. 1 or on the bed 2 when the Z-axis cover 43 moves downward as the spindle head 8 moves. This is a unit for guiding and storing the Z-axis cover 43 in the storage area 27 in a substantially horizontal state so that the Z-axis cover 43 does not collide with the storage area 27. The guide unit 50 is provided along the left and right end portions on the front side of the mechanism housing portion 6, and a pair of unit support pieces 52, 52 that slightly protrude downward from the lower portion of the mechanism housing portion 6. A substantially U-shaped guide support portion 54 that is provided between the lower ends of the unit support pieces 52 and 52 and is disposed in front of the storage area 27, and a substantially U-shape in the guide support portion 54. A pair of guide rollers 55, 55 each having a substantially horizontal axis center and pivotally supported on the inner side surfaces of the opposite ends of the mold. And the lower end part of the Z-axis cover 43 is drawn inside the guide support part 54 of such a guide unit 50. Further, the front side of the lower end portion of the Z-axis cover 43 drawn into the guide support portion 54 comes into contact with and slides on the pair of guide rollers 55 and 55. As a result, the inclination angle of the Z-axis cover 43 is gradually displaced, and the entire Z-axis cover 43 that has been displaced to the substantially horizontal state is stored in the storage area 27.

  Next, operations of the Z-axis cover device 40 and the guide unit 50 configured as described above will be described. First, as shown in FIG. 5, when the spindle head 8 is positioned upward, the inclination angle of the Z-axis cover 43 is restricted by the restriction member 45, and the swing range of the Z-axis cover 43 is restricted. Therefore, since the lower end portion of the Z-axis cover 43 is close to the front surface side of the protective cover body 30, it is difficult for chips to enter the protective cover body 30 side, and the chips adhere to the front surface of the protective cover body 30. Can be prevented. Furthermore, since the front surface side of the mechanism housing portion 6 is covered with the Z-axis cover 43, chips and the like scattered from the processing area around the table 15 (see FIG. 1) hit the front surface of the Z-axis cover 43. Thereby, since the chip does not directly hit the front surface of the protective cover body 30 stretched on the front surface side of the mechanism housing portion 6, it is possible to prevent the protective cover body 30 from being broken.

  Next, when the spindle head 8 moves to the intermediate position, as shown in FIG. 6, the lower end portion of the Z-axis cover 43 reaches the guide unit 50 and is inserted inside the guide support portion 54. At this time, the front side near the lower end of the Z-axis cover 43 abuts on the pair of guide rollers 55, 55. Further, when the spindle head 8 moves downward, the front surface on the lower end side of the Z-axis cover 43 slides on the guide rollers 55 and 55. As a result, the Z-axis cover 43 cannot maintain the previous tilt angle, so that the tilt angle is gradually displaced around the shaft support portion 62c (see FIG. 4) of the hinge portion 62 while being gradually displaced. Guided and gradually taken in. Even at this time, since the Z-axis cover 43 is located on the front surface side of the protective cover body 30, chips scattered from the processing area hit the front surface of the Z-axis cover 43 and the chips directly hit the protective cover body 30. There is nothing.

  When the spindle head 8 moves to the lowest position, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 7, the Z-axis cover 43 is displaced into the storage area 27 with its own inclination angle displaced to a substantially horizontal state. Thereby, even when the spindle head 8 moves to the lowest position, it is possible to prevent the lower end portion of the Z-axis cover 43 from colliding with the upper portion of the bed 2, the table 15, or the like. Further, when the spindle head 8 moves to the lowest position, the spindle head 8 is positioned on the front surface side of the protective cover body 30, so that chips scattered from the processing area hit the front surface of the protective cover body 30. Absent.

  As described above, in the machining center 1 according to the first embodiment, the front surface of the protective cover body 30 is protected in order to protect the front surface of the protective cover body 30 stretched between the spindle head 8 and the bed 2. The Z-axis cover 43 that can be covered is characterized in that it is provided below the spindle support base 8a of the spindle head 8. As a result, the chips scattered from the processing area do not directly hit the protective cover body 30 but hit the front surface of the Z-axis cover 43, so that damage such as tearing of the protective cover body 30 can be prevented. Furthermore, since the Z-axis cover 43 is supported by the regulating member 45 at a predetermined inclination angle, the lower end portion of the Z-axis cover 43 can always be brought close to the front surface of the protective cover body 30. Thereby, since it becomes difficult for chips to enter the protective cover body 30 side, it is possible to prevent chips from adhering to the front surface of the protective cover body 30. Further, the Z-axis cover 43 is swingably connected to a restriction member 45 fixed to the lower portion of the spindle support base 8a via a hinge portion 62. Then, the front side of the lower end portion of the Z-axis cover 43 that moves downward slides in contact with the guide rollers 55 and 55 of the guide unit 50. Therefore, the entire Z-axis cover 43 can be stored in the storage area 27 while the inclination angle of the Z-axis cover 43 is displaced. In the storage area 27, the Z-axis cover 43 can be stored in a substantially horizontal state. Therefore, even when the spindle head 8 moves to the lowest position, the lower end portion of the Z-axis cover 43 is located above the bed 2 or the table. No collision with 15 mag.

  Next, the Z-axis cover device 400 of the machining center according to the second embodiment will be described. FIG. 8 is a perspective view showing the vicinity of the Z-axis cover device 400 of the machining center according to the second embodiment, and FIG. 9 is an operation explanatory diagram of the Z-axis cover device 400 (spindle head 8: upper position). 10 is an operation explanatory diagram of the Z-axis cover device 400 (main shaft head 8: intermediate position), and FIG. 11 is an operation explanatory diagram of the Z-axis cover device 400 (main shaft head 8: lower position). 8 to 11, the left side in the figure is the front side of the column 5, and the right side in the figure is the rear side of the column 5.

  The machining center according to the second embodiment includes a Z-axis cover device 400 that is an example of a modification of the Z-axis cover device 40 according to the first embodiment. In the Z-axis cover device 400, chips are attached to the front surface of the protective cover body 30 by further closing the gap between the Z-axis cover 43 in the Z-axis cover device 40 and the front surface of the mechanism housing unit 6. Further prevention is possible. In the second embodiment, only the Z-axis cover device 400 having a different form from the Z-axis cover device 40 of the first embodiment is provided, and the other components are the first embodiment. The same as the machining center 1. Therefore, in the description of the present embodiment, the structure and the operation of the Z-axis cover device 400 will be mainly described, and the above description will be referred to for other parts. Further, the same components and apparatuses as those of the machining center 1 according to the first embodiment will be described with the same reference numerals used in the above description.

  First, the Z-axis cover device 400 will be described. As shown in FIG. 8, the Z-axis cover device 400 includes all the configurations of the Z-axis cover device 40 according to the first embodiment, and covers a front surface side of the protective cover body 30 to protect it. A Z-axis cover 43, a restriction member 45 that is fixed to the lower portion of the spindle support base 8a and supports the Z-axis cover 43 while restricting the inclination angle of the Z-axis cover 43, the restriction member 45, and the Z-axis cover 43 And a hinge portion 62 that slidably connects the upper end portion thereof. In addition to these, the Z-axis cover device 400 is fixed to the left and right ends of the Z-axis cover 43 to block the gap between the left and right ends of the Z-axis cover 43 and the front surface of the mechanism storage unit 6. A pair of substantially bellows covers 70 and a pair of bellows having a substantially L-shaped cross section provided along the left and right end portions of the front surface of the mechanism housing portion 6 so that the bellows cover 70 contacts and slides. A contact cover 80 is provided. The bellows cover 70 shown in FIG. 8 corresponds to a “side cover portion”, and the bellows contact cover 80 corresponds to a “contact sliding portion”.

  Since the Z-axis cover 43 is tilted and held on the front surface side of the protective cover body 30, the gap between the left and right end portions of the Z-axis cover 43 and the front surface of the mechanism housing portion 6 is substantially fan-shaped (FIG. 3). See). Therefore, as shown in FIG. 8, the gap can be closed with a substantially fan-shaped bellows cover 70. Thereby, since it becomes more difficult for chips to enter the protective cover body 30 side, it is possible to further prevent chips from attaching to the front surface of the protective cover body 30. Further, since the bellows cover 70 has a bellows shape, the bellows cover 70 can be contracted in accordance with the gap that becomes smaller as the Z-axis cover 43 moves downward.

  On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 8, the bellows abutting cover 80 is formed in a substantially L shape, and is a vertically long, substantially rectangular shape fixed along the vicinity of the front side edge of the left side surface (right side surface) of the mechanism housing portion 6. The fixed piece 81 and a sliding piece for folding the end of the bellows cover 70 from one end in the direction orthogonal to the longitudinal direction of the fixed piece 81 to the front side of the mechanism housing 60 and sliding the end of the bellows cover 70 82. In addition, projecting pieces 81 a that project downward are provided at the lower ends of the respective fixing pieces 81 so as to be fixed to the lower portion of the mechanism housing portion 6. Further, a bellows that protrudes forward of the mechanism housing portion 6 along one end portion of the sliding piece 82 facing the center side of the mechanism housing portion 6 and slides on the sliding piece 82. A convex piece 82 a for guiding the end of the cover 70 is provided. As a result, it is possible to prevent the end of the bellows cover 70 moving with the movement of the Z-axis cover 43 from sliding on the protective cover body 30 and coming off from the sliding piece 82. It is possible to slide on the sliding piece 82 of the bellows contact cover 80.

  Further, the same guide unit 50 as that of the first embodiment is provided in the vicinity of the lower portion of the mechanism housing portion 6. A pair of guide rollers 90, 90 having a substantially horizontal axis are provided on the inner side surfaces near the lower front corners of the left and right side surfaces of the mechanism housing 6 via the protruding pieces 81 a of the bellows abutting cover 80. It is pivotally supported. The guide rollers 90, 90 are moved downward together with the Z-axis cover 43 so that the end portions of the bellows cover 70 guided by the storage area 27 slide. Thereby, when the end portion of the bellows cover 70 is detached from the sliding piece 82 of the bellows contact cover 80, it is possible to prevent the end portion from contacting the lower front corner portion of the mechanism housing portion 6 from being damaged. Then, the bellows cover 70 together with the Z-axis cover 43 can be smoothly guided into the storage area 27.

  Next, the contraction operation of the bellows cover 70 of the Z-axis cover device 400 having the above configuration will be described. First, as shown in FIG. 9, when the spindle head 8 is positioned upward, the Z-axis cover 43 is supported by being inclined by a regulating member 45. The lower end portion of the Z-axis cover 43 is close to the front surface of the protective cover body 30. Furthermore, a substantially fan-shaped gap between the left and right end portions of the Z-axis cover 43 and the front surface of the mechanism housing portion 6 is closed by a bellows cover 70. Therefore, it becomes difficult for chips to enter the protective cover body 30 side, and it is possible to prevent chips from adhering to the protective cover body 30.

  Next, when the spindle head 8 moves to the intermediate position, as shown in FIG. 10, the end of the bellows cover 70 slides on the sliding piece 82 of the bellows contact cover 80 as the Z-axis cover 43 moves. Move. Further, as the Z-axis cover 43 moves downward, the substantially fan-shaped gap between the left and right end portions of the Z-axis cover 43 and the front surface of the mechanism housing portion 6 contracts. And the bellows cover 70 is folded and contracted according to the size of the gap. Further, the lower end portion of the Z-axis cover 43 reaches the guide unit 50 and is inserted inside the guide support portion 54 of the guide unit 50. At this time, the front side near the lower end of the Z-axis cover 43 abuts on the pair of guide rollers 55, 55.

  Further, when the spindle head 8 moves downward, as shown in FIG. 11, the Z-axis cover 43 abuts on the pair of guide rollers 55 and 55 and slides, so that the inclination angle of the Z-axis cover 43 is substantially reduced. It is displaced to the horizontal state and taken into the storage area 27. At this time, the end portion of the bellows cover 70 is disengaged from the sliding piece 82 of the bellows contact cover 80 and slides on the pair of guide rollers 90 and 90. Therefore, the bellows cover 70 can be smoothly taken into the storage area 27 without damaging the end.

  As described above, the machining center of the second embodiment includes the Z-axis cover device 400 that is a modification of the Z-axis cover device 40 of the first embodiment. Then, a pair of substantially fan-shaped bellows covers 70 are provided at both left and right end portions of the Z-axis cover 43 to close the gap with the front surface of the mechanism housing portion 6. Therefore, it is difficult for chips to enter the protective cover body 30 from the substantially fan-shaped gap between the left and right ends of the Z-axis cover 43 and the front surface of the mechanism housing portion 6. Can be prevented. In addition, bellows abutting covers 80 for the bellows cover 70 to contact and slide are provided at both left and right ends of the front surface of the mechanism housing portion 6. Thereby, the bellows cover 70 can be smoothly moved with the movement of the Z-axis cover 43. Further, since the end of the bellows cover 70 slides on the sliding piece 82 of the bellows cover 80, the end of the bellows cover 70 is bent or is caught by the left and right end portions of the front surface of the mechanism storage unit 6 and damaged. Can be prevented.

  Needless to say, the machine tool of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and various modifications are possible. For example, in the first and second embodiments, the upper end portion of the Z-axis cover 43 may be swingably connected to the lower surface of the spindle head 8.

  The machine tool of the present invention can be applied to a machine tool in which a spindle head can move up and down.

1 is an overall perspective view of a machining center 1 according to a first embodiment (spindle head 8: upper position). 1 is an overall perspective view of a machining center 1 according to a first embodiment (spindle head 8: downward position). 4 is a perspective view showing the vicinity of a Z-axis cover device 40. FIG. FIG. 6 is a right side view showing a shaft support structure of a Z-axis cover device 40. FIG. 6 is an operation explanatory diagram of the Z-axis cover device 40 (spindle head 8: upper position). FIG. 6 is an operation explanatory diagram of the Z-axis cover device 40 (spindle head 8: intermediate position). FIG. 7 is an operation explanatory diagram of the Z-axis cover device 40 (spindle head 8: downward position). It is a perspective view which shows the vicinity of the Z-axis cover apparatus 400 of the machining center which is 2nd Embodiment. FIG. 10 is an operation explanatory diagram of the Z-axis cover device 400 (spindle head 8: upper position). FIG. 11 is an operation explanatory diagram of the Z-axis cover device 400 (spindle head 8: intermediate position). FIG. 11 is an operation explanatory diagram of the Z-axis cover device 400 (spindle head 8: downward position).

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Machining center 2 Bed 5 Column 8 Spindle head 27 Storage area 30 Protective cover body 40 Z-axis cover apparatus 43 Z-axis cover 45 Control member 50 Guide unit 55 Guide roller 70 Bellows cover 80 Bellows cover cover 400 Z-axis cover apparatus

Claims (5)

A bed serving as a base, a column erected substantially vertically upward from the back of the bed, a spindle head provided on the front side facing the bed above the column, and reciprocating in the vertical direction; and the spindle head And a machine tool provided with a substantially belt-shaped protective cover body that is stretched between the bed and protects the front side of the column and has flexibility,
A machine tool comprising a protective plate provided at a lower portion of the spindle head, covering a front surface of the protective cover body and moving in a vertical direction as the spindle head reciprocates. The protective plate is provided at a lower portion of the spindle head and is pivotally supported so as to be swingable in the vertical direction.
The lower part of the spindle head supports the vicinity of the shaft support side end of the protection plate from below, and the swing range of the protection plate is such that the lower end of the protection plate is close to the column side. The machine tool according to claim 1, wherein a restricting member for restricting is provided. At the bottom of the column,
A storage area in which the protective plate can be stored;
And a guide portion that guides a lower end portion of the protection plate to the storage region and stores the entire protection plate in the storage region when the protection plate moves downward. The machine tool according to claim 1 or 2. The guide portion is
The front surface side of the column is provided in front of the storage area and is in contact with the lower end of the front surface side of the protection plate that moves downward, and the inclination angle of the protection plate is gradually displaced, so that the entire protection plate is The machine tool according to claim 3, further comprising a guide roller that is guided and stored in the storage area. The protective plate is formed in a substantially rectangular shape,
A bellows-shaped side cover portion that is provided at each of the left and right ends of the protection plate, closes a gap with the front surface of the column, and contracts as the protection plate reciprocates;
5. A contact sliding portion provided along each of the left and right end portions of the front surface of the column, for abutting and sliding the end portion of the side cover portion. A machine tool according to any one of the above.

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