JP5447931B2 - Machine tool cover structure - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a structure of a cover provided in a machine tool such as a vertical lathe or a multi-task machine.

In a machine tool such as a vertical lathe, a column is erected on a bed on which a workpiece is set, a horizontal cross rail is installed on the front of the column, and a horizontal direction (X-axis direction) is set on the front of the cross rail. ) Is provided, and a type in which a ram on which a tool is mounted on the lower surface is provided so as to be movable in the vertical direction (Z-axis direction) is known (for example, Patent Document 1).
In such a machine tool, a cover surrounding the machining space on the bed is provided to prevent scattering of cutting fluid and cutting waste (hereinafter referred to as “cutting fluid and the like”). As this cover, although the form which covers the whole machine tool is known, since it is necessary to cover further upwards of the tool post which moves up and down, the whole will become large. Although it is conceivable to keep the height of the cross rail without covering the upper portion of the tool post, the tool post moves in the left-right direction on the front surface of the cross rail, so that a structure for closing the left and right sides of the tool post is required. Therefore, in Patent Document 2, a frame surrounding the tool rest is horizontally attached to the front surface of the cross rail, and a fixed cover fixed to the tool rest and nested on both sides of the fixed cover in the frame. A structure for providing a slide cover is disclosed. That is, the left and right sides of the tool rest can always be closed by the slide cover that follows the movement of the tool rest.

JP 2004-66430 A Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 5-20852

In this case, since the cross rail does not move in the vertical direction, if the upper end of the front cover standing up front of the processing space on the bed is bent backward and brought into contact with the front surface of the slide cover or the tool post, The upper part of the space can be sealed. However, in the type in which the cross rail moves up and down in front of the column, the slide cover and the tool post are displaced in the vertical direction with respect to the upper end of the front cover, and the sealing of the processing space is lost.
On the other hand, on a vertical lathe or the like, a relatively large and round workpiece is often processed. Such a work is suspended by a crane or the like and is carried into and out of the bed. However, since a fixed cover and a slide cover are provided on the left and right of the tool post, it interferes with the work at the time of carrying in and out. There is a fear. If the column can be moved back and forth (Y-axis direction) on the bed, it can be solved by retracting the column. However, if the column cannot be moved, it will not be possible to load or unload workpieces. There was a problem.

  Therefore, the present invention provides a machine tool cover that can reliably seal the upper part of the machining space even when the cross rail moves in the vertical direction, and can be installed compactly without interfering with the loading and unloading of the workpiece. The purpose is to provide a structure.

In order to achieve the above object, the invention according to claim 1 is characterized in that a front cover arranged on the front surface of the bed at left and right sides with a predetermined interval and an opening between the front covers are opened and closed by sliding left and right. In a machine tool provided with a door that covers the front of the processing space on the bed in a closed state of the opening, the cover structure covers the upper portion of the processing space, and the front of the tool rest is on the left and right of the tool rest. A ceiling cover with an L-shaped cross section is provided, each consisting of a vertical plate portion that is flush with the front surface, and a lower plate portion whose lower surface is flush with the bottom surface of the tool post, and the upper ends of the door and the front cover are moved backward, respectively . It is characterized by being bent and brought into contact with the vertical plate portion of the ceiling cover.
According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the configuration of the first aspect, at least one of the ceiling covers is placed between a first slide position adjacent to the tool rest and a second slide position separated from the tool rest by a predetermined distance. A drive mechanism is provided that is slidable along the cross rail, and that arbitrarily slides the ceiling cover to the first and second sliding positions between the slidable ceiling cover and the tool post. Is.
According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the configuration of the second aspect, a telescope cover that includes a plurality of covers that are sequentially overlapped on the left and right of the tool post in the cross rail and that expands and contracts as the tool post moves is attached. The slidable ceiling cover is attached to the outermost cover as two sets of joint structure with the telescope cover on the side where the slidable ceiling cover is provided sharing the outermost cover. It is characterized by.

According to the first aspect of the present invention, the left and right sides of the tool post can be reliably closed by the lower plate portion of the ceiling cover, and the contact between the vertical plate portion of the ceiling cover and the door even when the cross rail moves in the vertical direction. Contact is maintained. Therefore, the upper part of the machining space can be reliably sealed, and scattering of cutting fluid and the like is effectively prevented. However, since it is not necessary to cover the entire height of the machine tool, it can be installed in a compact manner, and assembling and transportation are simplified, and the cost can be reduced.
According to the invention described in claim 2, in addition to the effect of claim 1, even if the column cannot be moved on the bed, if the ceiling cover is slid, the work can be performed without interfering with the ceiling cover. Can be carried in and out.
According to the invention described in claim 3, in addition to the effect of claim 2, even if the ceiling cover is slid left and right, the protection of the cross rail by the telescope cover can be maintained.

It is a perspective view of a vertical lathe. It is a perspective view (a saddle is the left side) of a cross rail part. It is a perspective view (a saddle is a right side) of a cross rail part. It is a perspective view which shows the carrying in / out state of a workpiece | work. It is a perspective view of the cross rail part in FIG. It is a perspective view of a vertical lathe in a state where the cross rail is lowered. It is explanatory drawing which shows schematically the sealing state of process space.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a vertical lathe which is an example of a machine tool. The vertical lathe 1 includes a circular turntable 3 having a chuck 4 on an upper surface on a bed 2 and left and right (lower left in FIG. 1). A pair of columns 5 and 5 are erected on the front side), and a cross rail 6 which is horizontal in the left-right direction is installed on the front surface between the columns 5 and 5 so as to be movable in the vertical direction. Further, a saddle 7 as a tool post is provided on the front surface of the cross rail 6 so as to be movable in the left-right direction (X-axis direction), and a ram 8 on which a tool (not shown) can be mounted at the lower end below the saddle 7. Is provided so as to be movable in the vertical direction (Z-axis direction). These cross rail 6, saddle 7, ram 8, turntable 3 and the like are controlled by a numerical control device (not shown).

  On the front side of the cross rail 6, front covers 9 and 9 are erected on the front surface of the bed 2 on the left and right sides at a predetermined interval. At the upper end of the front cover 9, a ceiling portion 10 extending horizontally rearward is formed. Further, lateral covers 11, 11 connected to the front cover 9 are erected on the side surface of the bed 2 to form a processing space 12 on the turntable 3. Further, a cover is also provided on the rear surface of the bed 2, and the cover here is divided into two upper and lower divided covers 13, 14 formed in an arc shape whose central portion projects rearward in accordance with the shape of the turntable 3. It is divided. Of these, the lower divided cover 14 is erected on the bed 2, and the upper divided cover 13 is connected to the cross rail 6, so that the divided cover 13 always overlaps the divided cover 14 even when the cross rail 6 moves up and down. Thus, the rear of the machining space 12 is closed.

Further, a pair of doors 16 and 16 are provided in front of the front cover 9 and can slide in the left-right direction to open and close the opening 15 between the front covers 9 and 9. The door 16 is connected to a vertical front plate portion 17 having a window 18 and a rear surface perpendicularly from the upper edge of the front plate portion 17 so as to be close to the front surface of the saddle 7 and to the ceiling portion 10 of the front cover 9. It consists of a ceiling plate part 19 guided to the left and right along the provided rail 20. When both the doors 16 and 16 are closed, the opening 15 is closed to provide a front cover that closes the front and upper front portion of the processing space 12. A sealing member (not shown) that slides on the front surface of the saddle 7 in a closed state is provided at the rear edge of the ceiling plate portion 19.
21 and 21 are outer covers that are erected in a continuous manner on the left and right sides of the bed 2 and have substantially the same height as the front cover 9 and include the protruding space of the cross rail 6 in plan view. The left and right sides of the lathe 1 are surrounded.

  On the other hand, on the right side of the saddle 7 in the cross rail 6, a telescope cover 22 including three covers 22a to 22c having a U-shaped cross section covering the front surface and the upper and lower surfaces of the cross rail 6 is provided. As shown in FIG. 2, the covers 22 a to 22 c overlap in order so that the side closer to the saddle 7 is outside, and the left end cover 22 a is fixed to the right side surface of the saddle 7 via the connecting plate 23. The cover 22 c is fixed to the right end of the cross rail 6. Therefore, when the saddle 7 slides left and right, the telescope cover 22 extends and contracts following this.

  Similarly, two sets of telescope covers 24 and 25 are provided on the left side of the saddle 7 in the cross rail 6. As shown in FIGS. 3 and 5, the telescope covers 24, 25 have U-shaped cross-sectional covers 24 a to 24 c and 25 a to 25 c that are overlapped in order from the outside toward both the telescope covers 24 and 25. The cover 24c and 25a are connected to the cover 26 positioned between them, respectively, and the outermost cover 26 is shared. Of the telescope covers 24 and 25, the left end cover 24 a is fixed to the left end of the cross rail 6, and the right end cover 25 c is fixed to the left side surface of the saddle 7. Therefore, when the saddle 7 slides left and right, the telescope covers 24 and 25 expand and contract accordingly.

  Further, ceiling covers 27 and 27 for closing the upper side of the processing space 12 are provided on both the left and right sides of the saddle 7 in the cross rail 6. The ceiling cover 27 has an L-shaped cross section including a vertical plate portion 28 whose front surface is the same as the front surface of the saddle 7 in the front-rear direction and a lower plate portion 29 whose lower surface is the same as the lower surface of the saddle 7 in the vertical direction. The right ceiling cover 27B (hereinafter, when distinguishing right and left is referred to as 27A on the left side and 27B on the right side) is attached to the cover 22a of the telescope cover 22 that is connected to the saddle 7. In this attachment, the frame 32 is supported in the vertical direction in front of the cover 22a by the bent portion 30 formed in front of the connecting plate 23 and the bracket 31 provided at the right end of the cover 22a. This is done by screwing 28.

  The left ceiling cover 27 </ b> A is attached to the outermost cover 26 of the telescope covers 24 and 25. This attachment is made up and down in front of the cover 26 by a connecting plate 33 attached to the center of the cover 26 in the left-right direction and having a T-shaped front end and brackets 34 and 34 provided at the ends of the cover 26 on the left and right sides. The frame 35 is supported in the direction, and the vertical plate portion 28 is screwed to the frame 35.

  Further, an air cylinder 36 as a drive mechanism is connected to the back surface of the saddle 7 in a horizontal posture with the piston rod 37 facing left, and the tip of the piston rod 37 is attached to the bracket 34 on the right side of the cover 26 with a mounting plate 38. It is connected through. That is, when the piston rod 37 is contracted, the cover 26 is brought into contact with the left side surface of the saddle 7 and the ceiling cover 27A is moved to the first sliding position adjacent to the saddle 7 as shown in FIGS. When the rod 37 is extended, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the cover 26 is separated from the saddle 7 and the ceiling cover 27 </ b> A is maintained at the second slide position separated from the saddle 7 by a predetermined distance. The expansion / contraction operation of the piston rod 37 is performed by the control device by an operation on a control panel (not shown).

  In the vertical lathe 1 configured as described above, when a workpiece is loaded, if the saddle 7 is moved to the right and the piston rod 37 of the air cylinder 36 is extended as shown in FIGS. The cover 26 </ b> A and the cover 26 </ b> A move to the second slide position along the cross rail 6 to form a space with the saddle 7. At the same time, if the doors 16 and 16 are slid to the left and right outside, the upper part of the machining space 12 is greatly opened. Therefore, the work W suspended by the crane 39 or the like via the wire 39 is carried from above and placed on the chuck 4. Can be set. Even if the cover 26 moves to the left side, the cross rail 6 is covered with the right telescope cover 25, so that the possibility of damage is reduced even if the cover 26 interferes with the wire 39 or the like.

  When the piston rod 37 is contracted after the work W is carried in, the cover 26 moves until it contacts the left side surface of the saddle 7 as described above, and the ceiling cover 27A is returned to the first slide position adjacent to the saddle 7. . At the same time, when the doors 16 and 16 are slid inwardly to close the opening 15, the upper front part of the processing space 12 is the ceiling plate part 19 of the door 16, and the upper rear part is the saddle 7 and the ceilings on both sides thereof. Covered by the lower plate portion 29 of the cover 27. At this time, since the rear edge of the ceiling plate portion 19 is in sliding contact with the front surface of the saddle 7 and the vertical plate portion 29 of the ceiling cover 27, the seal above the processing space 12 is maintained. This sliding contact state does not change even when the cross rail 6 moves up and down as shown in FIGS.

Similarly, when the saddle 7 moves in the left-right direction along the cross rail 6, the left and right ceiling covers 27A, 27B move following the saddle 7 as shown in FIGS. The seal is maintained. Even if the saddle 7 moves in the left-right direction in this way, the telescope covers 22 and 24 also extend and contract according to this, so that the movement of the saddle 7 is not hindered.
The processing space 12 with the doors 16 and 16 closed is not limited to the upper sealing by the ceiling cover 27 or the like, but as shown schematically in FIG. 7, the front is divided into the doors 16 and 16 and the rear is divided. Since the left and right sides of the covers 13 and 14 are covered and sealed by the horizontal cover 11, even if the workpiece W is processed in the processing space 12, scattering of cutting fluid or the like is effectively prevented.

  On the other hand, when unloading the workpiece W, the doors 16 and 16 are slid to the left and right as well as at the time of loading, and the saddle 7 is moved to the right to extend the piston rod 37 of the air cylinder 36 to the ceiling. When the cover 27A is moved to the second slide position, the upper portion of the processing space 12 is opened. Therefore, the workpiece W can be carried out from above with a crane or the like.

  Thus, according to the cover structure of the vertical lathe 1 of the above-described form, the vertical plate portion 28 whose front surface is flush with the front surface of the saddle 7 on the left and right sides of the saddle 7, and the lower surface is flush with the lower surface of the saddle 7. Ceiling covers 27 and 27 each having an L-shaped cross section comprising a lower plate portion 29 to be provided are provided, and the ceiling plate portion 19 of the door 16 is brought into contact with the vertical plate portion 28 of the ceiling cover 27. 27, the left and right sides of the saddle 7 can be reliably closed, and the contact between the vertical plate portion 28 of the ceiling cover 27 and the ceiling plate portion 19 is maintained even when the cross rail 6 moves in the vertical direction. . Therefore, the upper part of the machining space 12 can be reliably sealed, and scattering of cutting fluid or the like is effectively prevented. In addition, since it is not necessary to cover the entire height of the vertical lathe 1, it can be installed in a compact manner, and assembling and transportation are simplified, and the cost can be reduced.

  In particular, here, the left ceiling cover 27A is provided so as to be slidable along the cross rail 6 between a first slide position adjacent to the saddle 7 and a second slide position separated from the saddle 7 by a predetermined distance. The column 5 cannot be moved on the bed 2 by providing an air cylinder 36 between the cover 27A and the saddle 7 for arbitrarily sliding the ceiling cover 27A to the first and second sliding positions. However, the workpiece W can be carried in and out without interfering with the ceiling cover 27.

  Further, telescoping covers 22, 24, and 25, which are composed of a plurality of covers that are sequentially overlapped on the left and right of the saddle 7 in the cross rail 6 and extend and contract as the saddle 7 moves, are respectively attached to the ceiling cover 27 </ b> A. Since the telescopic covers 24 and 25 are two sets of connecting structures in which the cover 26 located between them is shared on the outermost side, the ceiling cover 27A is attached to the outermost cover 26. Even if it is slid, the protection of the cross rail 6 by the telescope covers 24 and 25 can be maintained.

In the above embodiment, the left ceiling cover is slidable, but the right ceiling cover may be slidable, and the left and right ceiling covers may be slidable. The drive mechanism is not limited to an air cylinder, and other actuators such as a hydraulic cylinder and a ball screw can be used. Conversely, the ceiling covers on both the left and right sides can be fixed to the tool post so that they cannot slide.
Furthermore, the form of the ceiling cover is not limited to the above-described form, but can be appropriately changed as well as the connection structure to the telescope cover as well as the height and width of the vertical plate portion. In addition, the structure of the telescope cover itself may be appropriately changed in design such as the number of covers and the overlapping direction. However, the ceiling cover can be slid independently of the telescope cover by providing a guide rail or the like on the cross rail without being connected to the telescope cover.

  In addition, the vertical lathe is not limited to the above-described form, and can be changed as appropriate, for example, one column is erected or the opening is opened and closed with one door. Of course, the present invention can be applied not only to a vertical lathe but also to other machine tools such as a multi-tasking machine and a portal machining center based on the lathe. In application to such other machine tools, for example, in a portal machining center, the tool post may be referred to as a spindle head, and in a vertical lathe with one column, the cross rail may be referred to as a cross slide. However, it goes without saying that it is included in the present invention regardless of the difference in the names.

1 .... Vertical lathe, 2 .... Bed, 3 .... Turntable, 4 .... Chuck, 5 .... Column, 6 .... Cross rail, 7 .... Saddle, 8 .... Ram, 9 .... Front cover, 10 .... Ceiling part, 12 .... Processing space, 15 .... Opening part, 16 .... Door, 17 .... Front plate part, 19 .... Ceiling board part, 22, 24, 25 ... Telescope cover, 26. · Cover, 27 ·· Ceiling cover, 28 · · Vertical plate portion, 29 · · Lower plate portion, 31, 34 · · Bracket, 36 · · Air cylinder, 37 · · Piston rod, 39 · · Wire, W · · · work.

Claims (3)

A column is erected on the bed where the workpiece is set on the upper surface, and a cross rail in the left-right direction is provided on the front surface of the column so as to be movable up and down. A tool post is placed on the front surface of the cross rail along the cross rail. The front cover is arranged to be movable in the direction, while the front cover is arranged on the left and right sides with a predetermined interval, and the opening between the front covers can be opened and closed by sliding in the left and right direction. In a machine tool provided with a door that covers the front of the processing space on the bed in a closed state, a cover structure that covers the top of the processing space,
On the left and right sides of the tool rest, there is an L-shaped ceiling cover having a vertical plate portion whose front surface is flush with the front surface of the tool rest and a lower plate portion whose lower face is flush with the lower surface of the tool rest. A cover structure for a machine tool, wherein the cover structure is provided respectively so that upper ends of the door and the front cover are bent rearward and brought into contact with the vertical plate portion of the ceiling cover.   At least one of the ceiling covers is slidably provided along the cross rail between a first slide position adjacent to the tool rest and a second slide position separated from the tool rest by a predetermined distance, and the slide 2. The machine tool according to claim 1, further comprising a drive mechanism that arbitrarily slides the ceiling cover to the first and second sliding positions between the possible ceiling cover and the tool post. Cover structure.   The cross rail includes a plurality of covers that are sequentially overlapped on the left and right sides of the tool rest, and is attached with a telescope cover that expands and contracts with the movement of the tool rest, and is provided on the side where the slidable ceiling cover is provided. The slidable ceiling cover is attached to the outermost cover as two sets of connecting structures in which the telescope cover is shared with the cover located between the outermost covers. The machine tool cover structure according to 2.

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