JP2006170264A - Press-fitting type shock absorbing device and compound type shock absorbing structure - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a press-fitting type shock absorbing device and a compound type shock absorbing structure capable of sufficiently relieving shock and vibration by absorbing shock energy transmitted to a structure. <P>SOLUTION: A cutting type shock mount 1 as the press-fitting type shock absorbing device comprises a cylinder 4 and a pin 5 with a diameter larger than the inner diameter of the cylinder 4 fitted to the cylinder 4. When the shock mount receives a shock, the pin 5 is press-fitted into the cylinder 4 to absorb the shock. Also, the compound type shock absorbing structure comprises the shock absorbing device (air spring 3) and the cutting type shock mount 1 so that shock and vibration ranging from large shock and vibration occurring in earthquake to small shock and vibration such as traffic vibration occurring normally can be absorbed. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a press-fit shock absorber that absorbs energy resulting from impact or vibration. In addition, it relates to a composite type shock absorbing structure composed of a plurality of shock absorbing devices, in particular, anti-seismic and seismic isolation structures for buildings and buildings, etc., measures against falling rocks, shock buffering to cask, buffering offshore structures, ship deck The present invention relates to a composite shock-absorbing structure that can be used in a wide range of fields such as structure and device shock reduction.

When an impact is applied to a base (a floor surface on which a structure is installed, a ground surface, a desk, a car body, etc.), an impact acceleration corresponding to the magnitude of the impact is usually generated. Also, if there are structures on the base (including buildings such as houses and buildings, generators and rotary presses, presses, large computers, personal computers, and general household electrical appliances), usually those structures The impact acceleration is also transmitted.
On the other hand, some structures include devices such as a generator, a rotary press, and a press that generate vibrations themselves. The vibration generated from these devices may be transmitted to other structures.
When such impact energy of vibration or vibration is transmitted to the structure, an acceleration response or displacement is generated in the structure according to the magnitude of the impact energy, causing great damage or damage.

  Therefore, in order to mitigate these acceleration responses and displacements, conventionally, the impact and vibration generated by using a vibration-proof rubber shown in FIG. 7A and a plate spring which is a metal plastic mount shown in FIG. Has been disclosed (see, for example, Patent Documents 1 and 2). These shock absorbing devices are installed between the base and the structure, and absorb the generated shock and vibration to protect the structure. Moreover, the graphs shown in FIGS. 7B and 8B show load displacement curves (the load is plotted on the vertical axis and the displacement is plotted on the horizontal axis), indicating the amount of energy that can be absorbed by each shock absorber. The range (a and b) enclosed by this load displacement curve is the amount of energy that can be absorbed. These shock absorbing devices mainly absorb the vertical shock and vibration transmitted to the structure.

JP 2002-340091 A (FIGS. 1 and 2) Japanese Patent Laying-Open No. 2001-329718 (FIG. 9)

  An impact shock absorber using a vibration-proof rubber or a metal plastic mount can reduce a large impact load. However, when a horizontal vibration such as that generated during an earthquake acts, the shock absorbing device itself vibrates along with the vibration. In the shock absorbing device using the anti-vibration rubber, the amount of energy that can be absorbed is small because the area a shown in FIG. 7B is small. This means that the generated acceleration response cannot be effectively reduced. In addition, when the displacement increases, the reaction force increases rapidly, and the structure may be destroyed.

  In the shock absorber using the metal plastic mount, the area b shown in FIG. 8B is larger than the area a shown in FIG. 7B, so that the amount of energy that can be absorbed is larger than that of the shock absorber using the anti-vibration rubber. large. However, when the displacement increases and enters the plastic region, the impact load decreases rapidly.

  The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problem, and provides a press-fit shock absorbing device and a composite shock absorbing structure that absorb shock energy transmitted to a structure and sufficiently reduce shock and vibration. Is.

  The press-fit shock absorber according to the present invention includes a metal thin cylinder and a metal pin having a diameter larger than an inner diameter of the metal thin cylinder, and the metal pin is formed from an upper portion of the metal thin cylinder. The metal pin is fitted inside the thin metal cylinder and is configured to be pushed downward while expanding the thin metal cylinder when subjected to an impact.

  In addition, the composite shock absorbing structure according to the present invention absorbs shock by cooperating with the shock absorbing device that absorbs an impact below a preset value and the shock absorbing device when the preset value is exceeded. The press-fit shock absorber is provided between a structure and a base for supporting a load of the structure.

  The press-fit shock absorber according to the present invention absorbs the shock by being pressed into the metal thin cylinder when the metal pin fitted to the metal thin cylinder receives an impact, so that the pushing is not performed. Since the load after the start is constant, the impact energy can be stably absorbed without a load drop. In addition, since the reaction force does not increase or decrease rapidly, a stable reaction force can be obtained, and the supporting structure is not destroyed.

Embodiment 1
Hereinafter, Embodiment 1 of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a press-fit impact shock absorber according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. Here, a case where the press-fit shock absorber is a cutting shock mount 1 is shown as an example. The cutting shock mount 1 is composed of a cylinder 4 (a thin metal cylinder) and a pin 5 (a metal pin). The diameter of the pin 5 is set larger than the inner diameter of the cylinder 4 and is fitted to the cylinder 4. In addition, it is preferable to comprise the pin 5 by a cylindrical thing so that it may fit in the cylinder 4 without gap. For example, the pin 5 may be composed of a piston.

  On the other hand, the cylinder 4 is preferably made of a material having a property of expanding the diameter while the inner surface is cut by the pressing force of the pin 5. In addition, if the cylinder 4 is comprised with the material excellent in elasticity and the pin 5 can be pushed in by the elasticity, the inner surface of the cylinder 4 does not necessarily need to be shaved.

  Next, the effect | action which absorbs an impact with the cutting-type shock mount 1 is demonstrated. When the cutting shock mount 1 receives an impact, the pin 5 is pushed into the cylinder 4 by the impact. The pin 5 advances downward while cutting the inner surface of the cylinder 4 to absorb the impact. Since the impact is absorbed in this manner, the load after the push-in of the pin 5 is started is constant, and it is possible to exhibit a stable energy absorbing power without causing a load reduction. The cutting shock mount 1 exhibits its effect when it receives a particularly large impact.

  Further, the pin 5 that has been pushed into the cylinder 4 due to the impact tends to return to its original position by the elasticity of the cylinder 4. If a small impact is received, the pin 5 returns to the original position at the time of installation and can be prepared for the next impact. However, if a large impact is received, the pin 5 may have reached the bottom surface of the cylinder 4 and can be assumed not to return to the original position at the time of installation. Therefore, it is desirable to check the cutting shock mount 1 from the viewpoint of safety after receiving the impact, regardless of the magnitude of the impact. Further, if there is a change in the position of the pin 5 in this inspection, the cutting shock mount 1 may be replaced.

  FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing energy absorption characteristics of the cutting shock mount 1. The impact energy that can be absorbed by the cutting shock mount 1 is represented by the area A of the portion surrounded by the load displacement curve shown in the graph. That is, the cutting shock mount 1 has a larger impact compared to a conventional shock absorber using an anti-vibration rubber (a shown in FIG. 7B) and a shock absorber using a metal plastic mount (b shown in FIG. 8B). It can absorb energy. Moreover, since the load resulting from the impact can be maintained constant, the load is not reduced. Furthermore, since the reaction force does not increase or decrease rapidly, it is possible to obtain a stable reaction force. The cutting shock mount 1 particularly absorbs shocks and vibrations in the vertical direction.

Embodiment 2
FIG. 3 is an overall schematic diagram of the composite shock-absorbing structure 2 according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention. Here, an example is shown in which the composite shock-absorbing structure 2 is configured by combining the cutting shock mount 1 that is the press-fit shock absorber shown in the first embodiment and the air spring 3 that is the shock absorber. Yes. The air spring 3 is a vibration isolating material having vibration isolating performance and durability performance. Further, the air spring 3 has a function of absorbing horizontal and vertical impacts and vibrations. Therefore, by combining the air spring 3 with the cutting shock mount 1, not only the vertical direction but also the horizontal impact and vibration can be absorbed more effectively and stably.

  That is, only the air spring 3 responds to small impacts and minute vibrations that occur in normal times, and the air spring 3 and the cutting shock mount 1 cooperate to respond to large impacts and vibrations. It has become. This makes it possible to reduce the displacement by about 40% and the impact acceleration by about 50% compared to the case where the air spring 3 alone absorbs the shock and vibration. From this, it can be seen that the cutting shock mount 1 can absorb a large shock and vibration that cannot be absorbed by the air spring 3 alone, and clearly shares the role according to the magnitude of the generated shock. .

  In the second embodiment, the composite shock absorbing structure 2 in which the cutting shock mount 1 and the air spring 3 are combined has been described as an example. However, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, the cutting shock mount 1 and another elastic body (a metal plastic mount such as a leaf spring or a coil spring or a laminated rubber) may be combined. The combination of the composite shock absorbing structure 2 may be determined in consideration of the location where the composite shock absorbing structure 2 is installed and the range of impact magnitude.

  Further, the arrangement relationship between the cutting shock mount 1 and the air spring 3 is not particularly limited, but the arrangement may be determined in consideration of the relationship between the size of the structure and the installation location. Furthermore, the number of the cutting shock mounts 1 and the air springs 3 is not particularly limited, and may be determined based on the relationship between the size of the structure and the installation location.

  FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing a specific example of use of the composite shock absorbing structure 2. Here, as an example, the composite shock absorbing structure 2 is employed between the base isolation floor 10 which is a structure on which a building such as a house or a building is built and the base 20 which is a base for supporting those loads. It shows. A building such as a house or a building (not shown) is built on the seismic isolation floor 10. The base 20 is a base that supports the weight load between the building to be built and the seismic isolation floor 10.

  The cutting shock mount 1 and the air spring 3 constituting the composite shock absorbing structure 2 may be fixed to at least one of the base isolation floor 10 and the base 20 and arranged in plural at a predetermined interval. The interval and the number of arrangements may be determined by the size of the building, the area of the seismic isolation floor 10, and the like. This is because if the cutting shock mount 1 and the air spring 3 are not fixed, their positions change due to impact and vibration, and the seismic isolation function cannot be sufficiently achieved.

Next, a specific action of absorbing the impact of the composite impact buffer structure 2 will be described. When a shock or vibration due to a small earthquake or traffic occurs, the air spring 3 that is an impact buffering device absorbs the shock or vibration and is isolated.
When a large impact occurs due to an earthquake or the like, the cutting shock mount 1 and the air spring 3 constituting the composite shock-absorbing structure 2 work together to absorb the large impact and vibration so as to be isolated. It has become. The cutting shock mount 1 particularly absorbs large vertical shocks and vibrations as described above, and the air spring 3 absorbs small vertical shocks and vibrations and horizontal shocks and vibrations generated by the large shocks and vibrations. However, each role is divided.

  Since the shock and vibration are absorbed in this way, a stable reaction force can be obtained without incurring a load reduction, and the impact energy resulting from the large shock or vibration can be sufficiently absorbed. Therefore, by combining the cutting shock mount 1 having such characteristics and the elastic body to form the composite shock absorbing structure 2, the base is isolated from a large shock or vibration such as an earthquake to a small vibration such as a traffic vibration. It becomes possible to do. In addition, it is desirable to periodically inspect and replace the composite shock absorbing structure 2 from the viewpoint of safety.

  FIG. 5 is an explanatory view showing another specific example of use of the composite shock absorbing structure 2. Here, the case where the composite shock absorbing structure 2 is used in a loading platform 21 such as a truck or a ship for transporting the cask 50 is shown as an example. The cutting shock mount 1 and the air spring 3 constituting the composite shock absorbing structure 2 are installed between a seismic isolation material 11 as a structure and a loading platform 21 as a base.

  The cask 50 is a container for storing and transporting spent nuclear fuel. The seismic isolation material 11 holds the cask 50 so that it does not fall. In addition, it is preferable that the seismic isolation material 11 itself is comprised with the material which has the performance which was excellent in the softness | flexibility. The loading platform 21 is a loading platform for trucks, ships, and the like. The cask 50 is preferably transported while mitigating vibrations generated during transportation and handling, impacts caused by accidents, and the like. Therefore, the composite shock absorbing structure 2 is adopted for the loading platform 21 so that such shock and vibration can be absorbed.

  The cask 50 must be handled carefully and safely. This is because when the cask 50 is damaged or broken, the spent nuclear fuel stored therein is leaked. Although it is important that the cask 50 itself has a sturdy structure that is not easily affected by shocks and vibrations, it is also important to reduce the shocks and vibrations associated with the transportation of the cask 50. Therefore, the impact and vibration generated due to the vehicle or the like are absorbed by the composite shock absorbing structure 2 so that they are not transmitted to the cask 50. The action of absorbing this shock and vibration is the same as described above. In addition, it is desirable to periodically inspect and replace the composite shock absorbing structure 2 from the viewpoint of safety.

  FIG. 6 is an explanatory view showing still another specific example of use of the composite shock absorbing structure 2. Here, a case where the composite shock absorbing structure 2 is used for a roof constructed on a road along a mountain is shown as an example. The cutting shock mount 1 and the air spring 3 constituting the composite shock absorbing structure 2 are installed between an impact mitigating roof 12 as a structure and a roof base 22 as a base.

  Generally, the road surface 60 along the mountain is constructed on a plane by cutting off the slope of the mountain. And while constructing the wall 70 on the mountain side, which is one end of the road surface 60, constructing a plurality of columns 80 on the valley side, which is the other end, laying the roof base 22 on the upper end part of the wall 70 and the column 80, The composite shock absorbing structure 2 is adopted between the roof base 22 and the impact mitigating roof 12.

  When there is a fallen rock on the impact mitigating roof 12, the cutting shock mount 1 and the air spring 3 constituting the composite shock-absorbing structure 2 work together to absorb the shock according to the magnitude of the fallen rock impact. It has become. That is, if the falling rock is small, the impact is small and the impact is absorbed only by the air spring 3, and if the falling rock is large, the impact is large and the air spring 3 and the cutting shock mount 1 work together to absorb the impact. To do. Therefore, it is possible to absorb impact energy regardless of the size of the falling rock and prevent the falling rock from rebounding.

  In the above-described embodiment, the case where the composite shock absorbing structure 2 is employed as an example for the seismic isolation structure of the building, the countermeasure for reducing the impact of the cask, and the falling rock countermeasure is described, but the present invention is not limited thereto. For example, even if the composite shock absorbing structure 2 is adopted as a countermeasure for mitigating vibration using a ship deck structure, a countermeasure for mitigating vibration of devices generating vibration, a countermeasure for buffering vibration of offshore structures, etc. I do not care.

1 is a schematic view of a press-fit impact shock absorber according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows the energy absorption characteristic of a cutting-type shock mount. It is the whole schematic diagram of the composite type shock absorbing structure according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows the specific usage example of a composite-type shock-absorbing structure. It is explanatory drawing which shows another specific example of use of a composite-type shock-absorbing structure. It is explanatory drawing which shows another specific example of use of a composite-type shock-absorbing structure. It is the schematic which shows the prior art example of the impact buffering apparatus using a vibration isolating rubber. It is explanatory drawing which shows the energy absorption characteristic of the shock absorber of FIG. 7A. It is the schematic which shows the prior art example of the impact buffering device using a metal plastic mount. It is explanatory drawing which shows the energy absorption characteristic of the shock absorber of FIG. 8A.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Cutting-type shock mount, 2 compound type shock-absorbing structure, 3 air spring, 4 cylinders, 5 pins, 10 base isolation floor, 11 base isolation material, 12 impact mitigation roof, 20 foundation, 21 loading platform, 22 roof foundation, 50 cask , 60 road surface, 70 walls, 80 struts.

Claims (7)

A metal thin cylinder,
A metal pin having a diameter larger than the inner diameter of the metal thin cylinder,
The metal pin is fitted from the top of the metal thin cylinder to the inside of the metal thin cylinder,
When shocked,
The press-fit type shock absorbing device, wherein the metal pin is configured to be pushed downward while expanding the metal thin cylinder. The press-fit shock absorber according to claim 1, wherein the metal pin is configured to be pushed downward while cutting an inner surface of the metal thin cylinder. An impact shock absorber that absorbs an impact below a preset value;
The press-fit shock absorber that cooperates with the shock absorber to absorb an impact when a preset value is exceeded,
A composite shock-absorbing structure comprising a structure and a base for supporting the load of the structure. The composite shock absorbing structure according to claim 2, wherein the second shock absorbing device is an elastic body. The composite shock absorbing structure according to claim 4, wherein the elastic body is an air spring. The composite shock absorbing structure according to claim 4, wherein the elastic body is a metal plastic mount. The composite shock absorbing structure according to claim 4, wherein the elastic body is a laminated rubber.

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