JP2006161332A - External wall structure of wooden building - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an external wall structure of a wooden building, which exerts good workability, has a function of bearing part of the weight of a beam and the weight imposed on the beam, by a wall member, does not expose a column to the outside, and secures a wide room interior. <P>SOLUTION: The external wall structure of the wooden building is constructed by arranging plate members 4 on an outside surface of each column body 2. According to the external wall structure, the plurality of plate members 4 are arranged astride the plurality of column bodies 2 in an area defined by a sill 8 and a beam 9 by vertically adjoining each other in a manner extending in a longitudinal direction of each plate member 4 in parallel with the sill 8. The upper and lower plate members 4 adjoining each other are connected to each other via a projection 4a formed on an upper edge of each plate member 4 and a recess 4b formed in a lower edge of the same. Thus the weight imposed on the beam 9 and the weight of the beam 9 per se are borne by the column bodies 2 and the plate members 4. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to an outer wall structure of a wooden building, and more particularly to an outer wall structure in which a pillar cannot be seen from the outside.

  In general, the frame construction method for wooden houses is based on the foundation, pillars, beams, bracing, etc., and has a structure that supports the weight of the upper part and rolls during an earthquake. The wall structure of such a wooden house includes a wall structure and a large wall structure. The wall structure is a traditional Japanese-style house structure, and the walls are filled with earthen walls or plate walls. The structure is a technique used in Western-style houses, in which the outside of the pillar is covered with an external finish and the inside is covered with an internal finish. As an example of an improved wall structure in recent years, there is a large wall structure described in Patent Document 1, which includes an inter-column between pillars, and a woodwork or a lathboard is directly or directly on the pillar and the inter-column as the base of the wall. It is fixed via a fixed rim, and the pillar is invisible from the outside. In addition, a groundwork is required even on the true wall, and members such as a punch and a stud are used. In such a complicated wall structure, there are problems that it takes a long construction period for construction, skilled craftsmen are required, and depending on the skill of the craftsmen, the wall structure is uneven and the strength of the walls varies. .

  In order to improve the workability at the time of construction of such a wall structure and shorten the construction period, several inventions of wall members aiming at simplification of the wall structure have been made. As a wooden member that facilitates the construction of large walls and true walls, it is formed on either or both sides of the wooden body, and faces the opposite surface from either or both sides of the wooden body. A wooden member is described that includes a groove that becomes deeper in sequence and a ridge formed in a shape that can be fitted into the groove on the side opposite to the side of the wooden body in which the groove is formed.

  In Patent Document 3, a shallow vertical recess corresponding to the thickness of the wall panel is drilled in the central part of the side surface of the column to be constructed, and a vertical dovetail is drilled on the inner bottom surface of the vertical recess. In addition, the wall surface structure is described as a load-bearing wall by fitting and laminating a wall panel with a separately formed ant navel projecting on the side, and it does not require bracing, etc. It is said that a bearing wall will be built.

JP-A-8-42028 JP 2002-144303 A JP 2000-179043 A

  As described above, the wall structure described in Patent Document 1 has a construction problem, but other difficulties will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 6 is a plan view showing a part of the room S3 when the outer wall 25 of the wooden house has the large wall structure of Patent Document 1. FIG. Here, a part of the wall structure shown in Patent Document 1 is omitted. As shown in the outer wall 25 of FIG. 6, a plurality of intermediate columns 23 are provided between the columns 22, and with respect to the columns 22 and the intermediate columns 23, an external finish material is provided on the outside via a heat insulating material 28 and a trunk edge 26. 24 is provided, and an interior finishing material 27 is provided on the indoor side via a trunk edge 26. Further, the indoor inner wall 35 is provided with a pillar 32 standing upright in the room, a plurality of intermediate pillars 33 provided between the pillars 32, a trunk edge 36 provided on both sides of the pillars 32 and the intermediate pillar 33, and a trunk edge 36. It is constituted by the provided internal finishing material 37.

  In the case of such an outer wall structure, the width of the room S3 is L3 due to the use of the intermediate pillar 23, the trunk edge 26, and the internal finishing material 27 as the outer wall 25, and the intermediate pillar 23, the trunk edge 26, and the internal finishing material 27. The width of the room is narrowed by the length α corresponding to the total thickness of the wall, and there is a problem that the room cannot be used widely. In addition, the external finishing material 24 is made of a thin and low-strength material such as a woodwork, and has no function of supporting the weight of a beam (not shown) and the weight of the upper portion of the beam. Inevitably, the thickness of the pillars must be increased or the number of studs must be increased. Furthermore, inspection and repair of the outer wall 25 are complicated.

  In addition, in the case of a wall structure using the wooden member described in Patent Document 2 and the wall panel described in Patent Document 3, workability at the time of construction is improved, but on the structure, a pillar can be seen from the outside. It is unsuitable for Western-style wooden houses. Moreover, in order to attach a wooden member or a wall surface panel to a pillar, it is necessary to form a groove in the pillar, and the strength of the pillar is lowered, and the machining of the pillar becomes complicated.

  As described above, in the case of a large wall structure, the conventional wall structure of a conventional wooden house has problems of work complexity due to the installation of studs and internal finishing materials, and restrictions on the size of the room. In some cases, improvement in workability can be expected by using an improved wall member, but there is a problem that a pillar can be seen from the outside and it is not suitable for a Western-style house. Such problems are not limited to residential houses, but also occur in wooden buildings such as other shrines, temples, and warehouses.

  An object of the present invention is to maintain a good workability and to have a function of supporting the weight of the beam and a part of the weight applied to the beam with a wall member. The object is to provide an outer wall structure of a wooden building that can be widened.

  The outer wall structure of a wooden building according to the present invention is an outer wall structure of a wooden building configured by arranging a plate material on the outer surface of a pillar, and a plurality of plate materials are parallel to the base in the longitudinal direction of the plate material. The upper and lower plates adjacent to each other by the convex or concave portions formed on the upper and lower edges of the same plate material are arranged adjacent to each other in the vertical direction between the base and the beam over a plurality of pillars. And the weight of the beam and the weight of the beam itself are supported by a plurality of column bodies and a plurality of plate members.

  In the outer wall structure according to the present invention, as a wall member, a plate material is used in which convex or concave portions are formed on the upper and lower edges of the plate material so that the plate materials can be joined to each other. By adopting a configuration in which the plates are arranged, it is possible to maintain good workability, and it is possible to make the plates stacked in the vertical direction after construction difficult to shift in the thickness direction of the plates. In addition, by placing the plate material parallel to the base and vertically adjacent between the base and the beam, the weight of the beam and a part of the weight of the upper part of the beam can be supported by the wall member. Thus, an outer wall having sufficient strength can be formed without using an inter-column. Further, by arranging the plate material on the outer surface of the column body, the column body cannot be seen from the outside, and an outer wall structure suitable for a Western-style house can be obtained. In addition, the room can be used widely by effectively utilizing the space required for providing the conventional studs and the internal finishing material.

  In addition, the column body as used in the field of this invention refers to the pillar which supports the weight of a beam, and the weight concerning a beam with a wall member, and does not include the stud which aims at holding | maintenance of an internal finishing material or interior material. The dimensions of the plurality of pillars used are not necessarily the same.

  Here, when three or more column bodies are erected on one outer wall surface, a plurality of plate members are straddled across at least one column body and span three or four or more column bodies. It is desirable to arrange. Thus, by using a long plate material and arranging it across the columns, it is possible to reduce the work of arranging the plate materials and fixing to the columns, and the number of seams in the horizontal direction of the plate material is also small. The appearance can be improved.

  Further, the lowermost plate material and the base are joined by the convex or concave portion formed on the lower edge of the plate material and the concave or convex portion formed on the upper surface of the base, and the uppermost plate material and the beam are connected. It is desirable that the bonding be performed by a convex portion or a concave portion formed on the upper edge of the plate material and a concave portion or a convex portion formed on the lower surface of the beam. With such a structure, the degree of freedom of the arrangement position of the plate material is increased, and the connection between the plate material and the base or the plate material and the beam is performed under the same conditions as the connection between the plate materials. Even a stable joint can be obtained.

  Moreover, it is preferable that the width of the base and the beam is equal to or greater than the total value of the width of the column and the thickness of the plate. By setting the width of the foundation so that the bottom surface of the column and the plate rests, the foundation can reliably receive the total weight via the column and the plate, and the width of the beam corresponds to the top of the column and the plate. By setting the size to be in contact, the weight of the beam and the weight of the upper portion applied to the beam can be reliably supported by the column body and the plate material.

(1) The plate members are arranged adjacent to each other in the vertical direction across the column, and the adjacent upper and lower plate members are joined by the convex portion or the concave portion, and the weight applied to the beam and the weight of the beam itself are With the structure supported by the plate material, it has the function of supporting the weight of the beam and a part of the weight of the beam with the wall member while maintaining good workability, and the column can be seen from the outside. And the room can be widened. Furthermore, since no studs or internal finishing materials are used, it is easy to grasp the structure of the outer wall at a glance from the indoor side, so that workability such as inspection and repair of the outer wall can be improved.

(2) If the plate material is arranged over three or four or more columns across at least one column body, the arrangement work of the plate material and the fixing operation to the column body are reduced, and the workability is further improved. Can be increased. Further, the number of seams in the horizontal direction of the plate material is reduced, the appearance is improved, and the infiltration of rainwater can be reduced.

(3) The lowermost plate material and the base are joined by the convex portion or concave portion formed on the lower edge of the plate material and the concave portion or convex portion formed on the upper surface of the base, and the uppermost plate material and beam And a structure in which the convex portion or the concave portion formed on the upper edge of the plate material and the concave portion or the convex portion formed on the lower surface of the beam are used, the degree of freedom of the arrangement position of the plate material is increased. Since stable work can be performed, workability can be further improved. Moreover, it can be set as the joining state stable also structurally.

(4) If the width of the foundation and beam is equal to or greater than the sum of the width of the column and the thickness of the plate, the foundation can reliably receive the entire weight via the column and plate. Since the weight of the beam and the weight of the upper portion of the beam can be reliably supported by the column body and the plate material, a structurally stable joined state can be achieved.

  Hereinafter, an outer wall structure of a wooden building according to the first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an overview of an outer wall structure of a wooden building according to the first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing an outer wall constituting the wooden building of FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in FIG.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the structure of the outer wall 5 of the wooden building 1 is configured by arranging a plate member 4 on the outer surface of the column 2, and a plurality of plate members 4 are made of concrete in the longitudinal direction of the plate member 4. The structure is arranged so as to be adjacent to the base 8 and the beam 9 in the vertical direction across the three pillars 2 in parallel to the foundation 8 provided on the foundation 10. As will be described later, the outer wall 5 is formed by joining the upper and lower plate members 4 adjacent to each other by a convex portion and a concave portion formed on the upper and lower edges of the plate member 4 so that the weight applied to the beam 9 and the beam 9 itself The weight is supported by a plurality of column bodies 2 and a plurality of plate members 4. A window frame 18 is provided on the outer wall 5, and a window 19 is provided on the window frame 18. As described above, the outer wall 5 of the wooden building 1 has a structure in which the upper pillar body 2 is not visible, and an outer finishing material (not shown) is applied to the outer wall 5 to make a Western-style structure.

  Next, the plate material 4 will be described with reference to FIGS. A convex portion 4a is formed on the upper edge of the plate member 4, and a concave portion 4b is formed on the lower edge. Adjacent upper and lower plate members are fitted and joined by the convex portion 4a and the concave portion 4b, and the weight applied to the beam 9 and the weight of the beam 9 itself are the plurality of column bodies 2 and the plurality of plate members 4. It has a structure supported by. The plurality of plate members 4 are fixed to the column body 2 with nails N.

  FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in FIG. The lowermost plate member 4 and the base 8 are joined by the concave portion 4b formed on the lower edge of the plate member 4 and the convex portion 8a formed on the upper surface of the base 8, and the uppermost plate member 4 and the beam 9 are joined. The joining is performed by a convex portion 4 a formed on the upper edge of the plate member 4 and a concave portion 9 b formed on the lower surface of the beam 9. Further, the lateral width H of the base 8 and the beam 9 is set to the same value as the total value of the lateral width G of the column 2 and the thickness C of the plate member 4. The column body 2 and the plate material 4 are placed on the base 8, and the beam 9 is placed on the column body 2 and the plate material 4. The horizontal width H of the base 8 and the beam 9 only needs to be able to support the weight of the column body 2 and the plate material 4 from above, and is larger than the total value of the horizontal width G of the column body 2 and the thickness C of the plate material 4. May be.

  As an operation procedure for forming the outer wall 5, the column body 2 is erected on the base 8, the lowermost plate member 4 is fitted to the convex portion 8 a of the base 8, and the plate member 4 is attached to the column body 2 by the nail N. After fixing, the convex part 4a and the concave part 4b of the board | plate material 4 are fitted on it, and it piles up upwards, fixing to the column 2 with the nail N. As shown in FIG. Furthermore, after the uppermost plate member 4 is finally stacked up to the height of the column 2, the beam 9 can be placed and fitted and fixed as described above to form the outer wall 5. The column body 2 and the base 8 or the beam 9 can be fixed by conventional fixing means (not shown).

  With such a structure of the outer wall 5, good workability can be maintained, and the plate members 4 stacked in the vertical direction after the work are not shifted in the thickness direction of the plate member 4. Further, the base 8 can reliably receive the total weight via the column body 2 and the plate material 4, and reliably support the weight of the beam 9 and the weight of the upper portion of the beam 9 on the column body 2 and the plate material 4. Therefore, the structure of the outer wall 5 having sufficient strength can be formed without using a conventional stud. Furthermore, it becomes a structure which cannot see the column 2 from the outside, and it can also be set as the outer wall structure suitable for a Western-style house. Further, by using the long plate material 4 and straddling the column body 2, the arrangement work of the plate material 4 and the fixing operation to the column body 2 are reduced, and the number of seams in the horizontal direction of the plate material 4 is also small. As a result, the appearance is improved and the infiltration of rainwater can be reduced. Furthermore, the degree of freedom of the arrangement position of the plate material 4 is increased, and the plate material 4 and the base 8 or the plate material 4 and the beam 9 are joined under the same conditions as the connection between the plate materials 4, so that both work and structure are stable. Can be obtained.

  Next, the room of the wooden building 1 of this embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 4 is a plan view showing a part of the room S1 of the wooden building 1 having the outer wall structure 5 according to the present embodiment. As shown in FIG. 4, the plate member 4 is fixed to the outer surface of the column body 2 to provide an outer wall 5, and the inner wall 15 in the room stands upright in the room in the same manner as the inner wall 35 in FIG. 6. It is comprised by the column 12, the plurality of intermediate columns 13 provided between the columns 12, the body 12 provided on both sides of the columns 12 and 13, and the internal finishing material 17 provided on the body 16. . Here, wood lumber, lath board or the like is used as the internal finishing material 17. The width L1 of the room S1 of the wooden building 1 does not use the stud 3a shown in FIG. 6, and thus becomes the sum of the width L3 and the width α of the room S3 shown in FIG. Therefore, the space required for providing the studs and the internal finishing material can be effectively used to widely use the room. Furthermore, since no spacers or internal finishing materials are used, the structure of the outer wall 5 can be easily grasped at a glance from the room side, so that workability such as inspection and repair of the outer wall 5 can be improved.

  Here, the dimension of the board | plate material 4 of this embodiment is demonstrated in detail. The thickness C of the plate 4 constituting the outer wall 5 shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 is 4 to 6 cm, which is sufficient to have a function of supporting the weight of the beam 9 and the weight of the upper portion of the beam 9. . Moreover, the width | variety D of the board | plate material 4 shall be 10-30 cm. Therefore, the external finishing material 24 constituting the large wall (FIG. 6) of the conventional wooden building 21 is a structure in which the column 22 supports the weight, but the outer wall 5 of the wooden building 1 of the present invention is As described above, the plate 4 itself supports the weight, and can support the weight of the beam 9 and a part of the weight applied to the beam 9. Therefore, the outer wall 5 having sufficient strength can be formed without using a conventional stud.

  Here, if the thickness C of the plate member 4 is less than 4 cm, the weight of the beam 9 and part of the weight applied to the beam 9 cannot be supported, and if the thickness C exceeds 6 cm, the strength is Although it is sufficient, a larger nail N is required, and the weight of the plate member 4 is increased, resulting in poor workability and a problem. Here, if the width D is less than 10 cm, the number of necessary members of the plate material 4 is increased and workability is inferior, and if the width D exceeds 30 cm, there is a risk that the plate materials 4 may be displaced from each other.

  Furthermore, the convex portion 4a has a prismatic shape, the protruding thickness E of the convex portion 4a is 1 to 4 cm, and the protruding height F of the convex portion 4a is 1 to 5 cm. The concave portion 4b has a shape that can be fitted to the convex portion 4a. By adopting such a shape, it is possible to obtain a joined state that is difficult to be displaced when an external force is applied, and to obtain a high-strength outer wall structure. Further, the length of the plate member 4 can be longer than that of the conventional plate member (for example, 10 m), and the plate member 4 is fixed to the column body 2 across three or four or more column bodies 2. Therefore, the number of members constituting the wall can be reduced as compared with the conventional true wall constructed between the two column bodies 2. Further, the column 2 to be erected does not require any particular processing.

  Further, in the present embodiment, the convex portion is not limited to a prismatic shape, but may have a curved surface such as an arc surface or a V shape, and the concave portion may have a shape that can be fitted to this. The length of the board | plate material 4 can be arbitrarily determined according to the wooden building 1 to build, and if the outer wall 5 is constructed across the some pillar body 2, workability | operativity can further be improved.

  Moreover, the window frame 18 is installed in the outer wall 5 in FIG. 1 by a fixing means (not shown) on the plate material 4 by dividing the plate material 4. Here, in the conventional method for constructing a wooden building, in order to provide the window frame 18 on the outer wall 5, a pillar such as a trunk for supporting the window frame 18 is separately required. In the outer wall structure of the thing 1, the support | pillar for providing the window frame 18 is not required. Therefore, also when installing the window frame 18, the outer wall 5 can be constructed easily and workability | operativity can be improved.

  Furthermore, a fireproof external finishing material or the like can be applied to the outer wall 5, and the appearance of the outer wall 5 can be configured according to the tastes of the residents.

  Next, FIG. 5 is a plan view showing a part of the room S2 of the wooden building having the outer wall 5 according to the second embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 5, the inner wall 15 is composed of a column body 12 and a plate member 14 fixed on the opposite side of the column body 12 from the room S <b> 2. . The width L2 of the room S2 is increased by the width β, which is the sum of the spacer 13 and the internal finishing material 17 shown in FIG. 4, that is, the sum of the width L1 and the width β. Therefore, if the inner wall 15 is not a large wall but only a column body 12 and a plate member 14, a wider room S2 can be created, and the wooden building 11 can be constructed with further improved workability. Moreover, even if the board | plate material 14 is installed in indoor side S2, the room on the opposite side to room S2 becomes large. That is, in the wooden building 11, the thickness of the plate member 14 is thinner than that of the conventional large wall inner wall, so that the entire wooden building 11 is wider than the conventional wooden building using the large wall inner wall. Can be indoors. Further, if the plate member 14 of the inner wall 15 is configured to support the weight of the upper portion in the same manner as the outer wall structure, an inner wall structure with high strength can be obtained.

  Therefore, the outer wall 5 of the wooden building 1 of the present invention has a function of supporting the weight of the beam 9 and a part of the weight applied to the beam 9 by the plate member 4 as a wall member while maintaining good workability. At the same time, the pillar body 2 is not visible from the outside, and the interior can be widened.

  INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention can be widely used as an outer wall structure of a wooden building, and is particularly effective when a pillar is not visible from the outside and a good workability and an indoor space are required.

It is a perspective view which shows the external appearance of the outer wall structure of the wooden building which is the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a perspective view which shows the outer wall which comprises the wooden building of FIG. It is the sectional view on the AA line in FIG. It is a top view which shows a part of room | chamber interior of the wooden building which is this Embodiment. It is a top view which shows a part of room | chamber interior of the wooden building which is the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is a top view which shows some indoors when the outer wall of a wooden house is made into the wall structure of a large wall structure.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Wooden building 2,12 Column body 4,14 Board | plate material 4a, 8a Convex part 4b, 9b Concave part 5,25 Outer wall 8 Base 9 Beam 10 Concrete foundation 13, 23, 33 Spacer 15, 35 Inner wall 16, 26, 36 Body edge 17, 27, 37 Internal finishing material 18 Window frame 19 Window 22, 32 Pillar 24 External finishing material 28 Thermal insulation material S1, S2, S3 Indoor L1, L2, L3 width α, β width C thickness D width E Projection Thickness F Projection height G, H Width

Claims (4)

  It is an outer wall structure of a wooden building configured by arranging a plate material on the outer surface of a column body, and a plurality of plate materials are spread over a plurality of column bodies with the longitudinal direction of the plate material parallel to the foundation. The adjacent upper and lower plates are joined to each other by the convex or concave portions formed on the upper and lower edges of the same plate material. An outer wall structure of a wooden building, characterized in that its weight is supported by a plurality of pillars and a plurality of plates.   2. The outer wall structure of a wooden building according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of plate members are arranged across three or more columns across at least one column.   The lowermost plate member of the plurality of plate members is joined to the base by a convex portion or a concave portion formed on the lower edge of the plate member and a concave portion or a convex portion formed on the upper surface of the base, The uppermost plate is joined to the beam by a convex or concave portion formed on the upper edge of the plate and a concave or convex portion formed on the lower surface of the beam. The outer wall structure of the wooden building according to claim 1 or 2.   The width of the base is equal to or greater than the total value of the width of the column and the thickness of the plate, and the width of the beam is the same as the total of the width of the column and the thickness of the plate It is more than it, The outer wall structure of the wooden building in any one of Claims 1-3 characterized by the above-mentioned.

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