JP5796904B2 - Building - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a building having a wooden frame structure. More specifically, the present invention relates to a building having a wooden frame structure that can increase the degree of freedom of interior layout while ensuring high heat insulation and structural strength.

  The wooden frame structure is a structure in which a load is supported by a frame (wire) such as a pillar material and a beam material. Wooden frame structures are often used in homes because they have a relatively high degree of design freedom.

  However, in a wooden building, in order to resist horizontal loads such as earthquakes and winds, it is necessary to use many bearing walls on the outer and inner walls of the building. It is obliged to install a certain amount of bearing walls at each level of the building.

  Usually, the load bearing wall needs to be integrated with the column and the beam in order to exert a resistance against a horizontal load, and it is essential to be adjacent to the column. Therefore, the position where the bearing wall is installed is limited by the arrangement of the pillars, and it is difficult to freely change the position of the bearing wall according to the change in the purpose of use of the building. In addition, since columns are required at both ends of the bearing wall, the number of columns increases.

  On the other hand, in Patent Document 1, in a wooden frame structure, bearing walls are arranged in the middle part between the columns without being adjacent to the pillars, and only the upper and lower horizontal members are joined in the middle part between the columns. And forming a frame that bears a horizontal load. Thus, Patent Document 1 discloses a structure in which the bearing wall can be arranged regardless of the position of the column.

  Moreover, in the house which has a wooden frame structure, when a large space area is provided inside, it is necessary to use a lot of struts on the outer periphery of the house in order to construct the structural portion with high strength. However, if a lot of struggles are used on the outer periphery of the house, it becomes difficult to put a heat insulating material in the outer wall, and it becomes difficult to achieve high airtightness and high heat insulation. Moreover, if a heat insulating material is forcibly put in an outer wall, the thickness of an outer wall will increase significantly and the external appearance of a house will worsen.

  To solve this problem, Patent Document 2 aims to maintain a large space area while maintaining a sufficient strength of the structural portion in a wooden frame construction method house and to reduce streaking as much as possible from the outer periphery of the house. The houses that have been disclosed are disclosed. The house described in Patent Document 2 has a large space area and an adjacent area provided adjacent to the large space area, and the edge on the adjacent area side of the large space area is a first edge, and the first edge The direction along the edge is the X-axis direction, the direction orthogonal to the X-axis direction is the Y-axis direction, and a load bearing wall along the X-axis direction is provided as an inner wall of the house at a predetermined position on the first edge. In addition, a load bearing wall along the Y-axis direction is provided as a housing inner wall at a predetermined position in the adjacent region.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-37303 JP 2005-307515 A

  The durability of residential buildings in recent years has continued to improve, and it is possible to make buildings that have existed for 100 years even with conventional technology. However, since the generation change of residents is repeated during 100 years, it is necessary to change the interior floor plan for each generation change. Therefore, in order to continue to use the house comfortably for 100 years, it is required to change the interior layout freely and easily.

  With the structure described in Patent Document 1, the load-bearing wall can be placed regardless of the position of the pillar, but in order to ensure sufficient structural strength of the building, the load-bearing wall is still installed inside the building. It is necessary to do. Therefore, the range that can be reformed is limited by the load-bearing walls inside the building, so it cannot be flexibly adapted to changes in generations, and the degree of freedom in floor plan is not sufficient.

  The structure described in Patent Document 2 also requires an adjacent area adjacent to a large space area in order to maintain the strength of the structural part of the house, and a load-bearing wall is provided as the inner wall of the building. The degree is not enough.

  This invention is made | formed in view of the problem which said prior art has, The objective is providing the building which can raise the freedom degree of a floor plan, ensuring high heat insulation and structural strength. It is in.

  In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention is a building having a wooden frame structure, an outer wall provided along the vertical direction on the outer periphery of the building, and an arbitrary second floor or more of the building And a truss beam for bearing the proof strength of the horizontal structural surface of the floor in the floor, and the outer wall provides a building which is a proof wall using a load bearing surface material.

  Further, the present invention, in the above building, further comprises a partition wall for partitioning the interior of the building along the vertical direction, and a floor foundation that constitutes a floor of an arbitrary level of two or more floors of the building, The partition walls and floor floor provide a building that is removable.

  Moreover, this invention provides the said building which is not equipped with a load-bearing wall inside.

  Further, in the above-mentioned building, the outer wall of the first floor portion of the building is made of a load bearing surface material having a wall magnification of 3.8 to 4.0 times, and the outer wall of the second floor layer portion of the building is used. Provides a building in which a load bearing material having a wall magnification of 2.5 to 2.7 times is used.

  In addition, the present invention provides a building in which the floor foundation constituting the first floor of the building is composed of a structural plywood having a thickness of 24 mm or more.

  Moreover, this invention provides the building comprised in the said building by the structural plywood whose thickness of a building is 24 mm or more.

  Moreover, this invention provides the building in which the said truss beam bears more than the allowable stress degree of the wooden frame construction method house based on Building Standard Act enforcement order Article 46 in the said building.

  Moreover, this invention provides the building in which the said truss beam is a horizontal brace in the said building.

  Since the building which concerns on this invention has a wooden frame structure, it can ensure high heat insulation performance compared with a steel frame. Further, by using a load bearing face material for the load bearing wall, it is possible to achieve higher heat insulation than that using conventional struts.

  In addition, since the outer wall is a load-bearing wall, the outer wall portion has sufficient earthquake resistance and wind pressure resistance, so there is no need to provide a load-bearing wall as the inner wall inside the building, and the partition wall can be made into a panel and removable. it can. In addition to this, it is necessary to provide a truss beam to bear the strength of the horizontal structure of the floor in the second and higher floors, so that the floor foundation in the second and higher floors must bear the strength of the horizontal structure. Absent. Therefore, the floor foundation structure can be made into a panel and can be removed. With the above configuration, the degree of freedom in the floor plan of the building can be greatly increased.

  Therefore, according to the present invention, it is possible to increase the degree of freedom in floor plan while ensuring high heat insulation and structural strength.

  Furthermore, since the building having the wooden frame structure of the present invention has the effects as described above, long-term stock performance, energy saving performance, ease of maintenance and the like can be improved. Therefore, the building which has the wooden frame structure of this invention is a building which contributes to the improvement of a living life.

The figure which shows the basic structure of the building which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention provided with the truss beam for bearing the yield strength of the horizontal surface of the 2nd floor of a building. The figure which shows an example of the truss beam in one Embodiment of this invention. The figure which shows the basic structure of the building which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention provided with the horizontal brace for bearing the proof stress of the horizontal construction surface of the floor of the 2nd floor of a building. The figure which shows an example of the horizontal brace in one Embodiment of this invention. The figure which shows typically the structure of the partition wall of the building which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. The figure which shows typically the structure of the floor foundation of the building which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. The figure which shows typically the building which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention provided with the truss beam for bearing the proof stress of the horizontal surface of the 2nd floor of a building. The figure which shows typically the building which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention provided with the horizontal brace for bearing the proof stress of the horizontal structure of the floor of the 2nd floor of a building.

  An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a basic structure of a building 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention. Although the building 1 shown in FIG. 1 has a two-story structure, the present invention is not limited to this, and includes a two-story or more building, that is, a building having a plurality of levels.

  The building 1 has a wooden frame structure. The wooden frame structure is a structure in which a load is supported by a frame structure such as a pillar material and a beam material. Wooden construction has low heat conduction with the outside compared to steel frames, so heat insulation performance can be ensured. Therefore, the temperature change in the building 1 can be reduced.

  The building 1 includes an outer wall 11 as a basic structure, a truss beam 12 that supports the floor on the second floor, and a beam 13 that supports the roof.

  The outer wall 11 is provided in the vertical direction. For the outer wall 11, a bearing wall using a bearing surface material is used. The load-bearing wall using the load-bearing face material is not particularly limited, and for example, a structural plywood nailed with a nail can be used. By using a load-bearing wall using a load-bearing face material, it is possible to easily achieve high heat insulation properties compared to using a load-bearing wall using conventional struts. The building 1 can include a sufficient amount of load-bearing walls as the outer wall 11 in order to ensure structural strength. The outer wall 11 is provided as a wall that surrounds the outer periphery of the building 1, but does not have to surround the entire periphery of the building 1, and may be an amount sufficient to ensure the structural strength of the building 1. For example, the structural strength of the building 1 can comply with the standards set forth in Article 46 of the Building Standards Law Enforcement Order. For example, it can be derived by structural calculation based on the detailed calculation method of the load bearing element described in “Design of allowable stress level of wooden frame construction method house (2008 edition)” issued by Japan Housing and Wood Technology Center. .

  The load bearing surface material used for the outer wall 11 is not particularly limited, and a surface material generally used for the load bearing wall can be used. For example, for the outer wall 11 of the first floor portion, a load bearing surface material having a wall magnification of 3.8 to 4.0 times is used. Moreover, you may use the load bearing surface material whose wall magnification is 2.5-2.7 times for the outer wall 11 of the hierarchy part of the 2nd floor or more. By arranging this configuration in a well-balanced manner, the center of gravity of the building 1 and the position of the rigid center can be made closer, the eccentricity can be reduced, and the proof stress can be increased. Therefore, the earthquake resistance and wind pressure resistance can be further improved.

  Since the outer wall 11 is a load-bearing wall, the outer wall 11 can have sufficient earthquake resistance and wind pressure resistance, so the load-bearing wall inside the building 1 can be eliminated, and the partition wall described below can be panelized and removed. Can be.

  The truss beam 12 is a beam for bearing the proof strength of the horizontal floor structure of the building 1 in the second and higher floors.

  To bear the proof strength of the horizontal surface means to bear the resistance against the force (horizontal force) applied in the horizontal direction due to an earthquake or storm. The truss beam 12 is a beam having a triangular structure. FIG. 2 is an example of the truss beam 12, and is a view of the truss beam 12 used on the second floor of the building as shown in FIG. 1 as viewed from above. However, the truss beam 12 is not limited to the structure shown in FIG. 2, and a truss beam having a generally used structure can be preferably used. For example, the truss beam 12 can be a Warren truss structure, a plat truss structure and a Howtruss structure.

  If the building 1 is a two-story building, the truss beam 12 is used as a beam for bearing the strength of the horizontal structure of the second floor only. If the building 1 has two or more floors, it can be used as a beam for bearing the strength of the horizontal surface of any floor of any floor of the second floor or higher. Further, only the floor of a specific level may be borne by the truss beam 12, and the floors of other levels may be borne by the strength of the horizontal surface by other structures.

  The truss beam 12 may be made of wood or steel, but if it is steel, the structural strength can be further increased.

  The structural strength of the building 1 borne by the truss beam 12 can comply with the standards set forth in Article 46 of the Building Standard Law Enforcement Ordinance. For example, it can be derived by structural calculation based on the detailed calculation method of the load bearing element described in “Design of allowable stress level of wooden frame construction method house (2008 edition)” issued by Japan Housing and Wood Technology Center. .

  In the building of the present invention, the truss beam 12 bears the strength of the horizontal structural surface of the floor in the second and higher floors. Therefore, the floor foundation of the second and higher floors using the truss beam 12 has the strength of the horizontal structural surface. There is no need to pay. Therefore, the floor structure of the floor using the truss beam 12 can be made into a panel so as to be removable. And the hierarchy using the truss beam 12 can give the width | variety of the change of floor plan.

  The truss beam 12 can also be a horizontal brace 18. For example, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the horizontal brace 18 can bear the strength of the horizontal surface of the second floor of the building 1. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a basic structure of a building in which the truss beam 12 is replaced with a horizontal brace 18 in FIG. FIG. 4 is a view of the horizontal brace 18 used on the second floor of the building as shown in FIG. 3 as viewed from above. The horizontal brace 18 is installed between the beams as shown in FIG.

  Similarly to the truss beam 12, the horizontal brace 18 is used to bear the strength of the horizontal structure of the floor of any floor of any floor above the second floor if the building 1 is 2 floors or higher. Can be used as a beam. Further, the horizontal brace 18 may bear only the floor of a specific level with the horizontal brace 18, and the floors of other levels may bear the strength of the horizontal structure by other structures. For example, with respect to the floor of the second floor, the strength of the horizontal surface may be borne by the truss beam 12, and the floor of the other floor may be borne of the strength of the horizontal surface by the horizontal brace 18.

  The structural strength of the building 1 that is borne by the horizontal brace 18 can comply with the standards set forth in Article 46 of the Building Standards Law Enforcement Ordinance, as with the truss beam 12. For example, it can be derived by structural calculation based on the detailed calculation method of the load bearing element described in “Design of allowable stress level of wooden frame construction method house (2008 edition)” issued by Japan Housing and Wood Technology Center. .

  The beam 13 is a beam that supports the roof, and transmits the load of the roof to the column. As the beam 13, a material generally used for a beam can be preferably used.

  As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the building 1 can further include a partition wall 14 and a floor foundation 15 in two layers. 5 and 6 are diagrams schematically showing configurations of the partition wall 14 and the floor foundation 15 of the building 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention, respectively. When the building according to the present invention has three or more floors, the floor foundation in the third or more floors can be configured similarly to the floor foundation 15 of the present embodiment.

  The partition wall 14 is a wall for partitioning the interior of the building 1 along the vertical direction. The partition wall 14 is made into a panel and can be configured to be removable. That is, the partition wall 14 in the present embodiment may not be a load bearing wall. Since the partition wall 14 is configured to be detachable, the position can be freely changed or removed. All the partition walls 14 in the building 1 may be configured to be removable.

  The floor foundation 15 is a foundation constituting the floor in the second floor of the building 1. The floor base 15 is panelized and can be configured to be removable. That is, the floor base 15 in this embodiment does not have to bear the proof stress of the horizontal surface. Since the floor base 15 is configured to be detachable, the height can be freely changed or removed. In the present invention, all floor bases in the second or higher floor may be detachable.

  Since the partition wall 14 and the floor base 15 are detachable, the building 1 can be easily renovated. Even if the partition wall 14 and the floor base 15 are detachable, the outer wall 11 and the truss beam 12 configured as described above can ensure sufficient structural strength of the building 1.

  As shown in FIG. 7 or FIG. 8, the building 1 can further include a floor foundation 16 and a roof 17 constituting the floor of the first floor. FIG. 7 is a diagram schematically showing the building 1 in which the truss beam 12 bears the strength of the horizontal surface of the second floor. FIG. 8 is a diagram schematically showing the building 1 in which the horizontal brace 18 bears the strength of the horizontal surface of the second floor.

  The floor foundation 16 is not particularly limited as long as it can suppress the deformation of the floor on the first floor, but is composed of, for example, a structural plywood having a thickness of 24 mm or more, and suppresses the deformation of the floor on the first floor. There may be.

  The roof 17 is not particularly limited as long as the deformation of the roof 17 can be suppressed. For example, the roof 17 may be formed of a structural plywood having a thickness of 24 mm or more, and the deformation of the roof 17 may be suppressed on the surface.

  The building 1 may not have a load bearing wall inside. In other words, the building 1 may be configured not to include a load-bearing wall on the inner side surrounded by the outer wall 11, the first floor floor 16 and the roof 17. With this configuration, the floor plan inside the building 1 can be freely changed without limitation, and the width of the reform can be further increased. Even if the building 1 is not provided with a load-bearing wall, the outer wall 11 having the above-described configuration can ensure sufficient structural strength of the building 1.

  As described above, in the present embodiment, sufficient structural strength of the building 1 is ensured by the outer wall 11 and the truss beam 12 having the above-described configuration. For this reason, it is possible to arrange the partition wall 14 and the floor base 15 in a panel so that they can be attached and detached without arranging a bearing wall inside the building 1. Accordingly, it is possible to easily change the floor plan, such as increasing or decreasing the number of rooms, according to changes in the resident's generation, such as child growth or generation change. In addition, since the renovation is labor-saving, the cost can be kept low.

  In addition, since the building 1 is a wooden building and the load-bearing wall constituting the outer wall 11 uses a load-bearing surface material, high heat insulation is ensured. Accordingly, since the temperature does not change greatly depending on the number of rooms, it is possible to plan a change in the floor plan without considering the temperature change. Therefore, a large space or an open space can be realized.

  Therefore, since this embodiment can be renovated easily and at low cost, it is not necessary to rebuild the building itself due to generation change or the like. Therefore, it is possible to realize a house that can be used comfortably for a long time for generations. Furthermore, it is possible to provide housing that contributes to lowering the carbon of the city.

  INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY Since the present invention can increase the degree of freedom in floor plan while ensuring high heat insulation and structural strength, it can be suitably used for buildings used for houses and the like.

1 ... Building
11 ... Outer wall
12 ... Truss beam
13 ... Beam
14 ... partition wall
15 ... floor foundation
16 ... floor foundation
17 ... Roof
18 ... Horizontal brace

Claims (6)

A building having a wooden frame structure,
An outer wall provided along the vertical direction on the outer periphery of the building;
A horizontal truss or a horizontal brace surrounded by beams, formed along the outer periphery of the floor surface inside the building, in an arbitrary level of two or more floors of the building ,
A partition wall for partitioning the interior of the building along the vertical direction;
A floor foundation constituting a floor of an arbitrary level of the second floor or more of the building;
With
The outer wall, Ri bearing walls der with strength facings,
All the partition walls and all the floor foundations are removable . 2. The building according to claim 1 , wherein a bearing wall is not provided inside the building. For the outer wall of the first floor portion of the building, a load bearing surface material having a wall magnification of 3.8 to 4.0 times is used,
For the outer wall of the second floor layer of the building, a load bearing surface material having a wall magnification of 2.5 to 2.7 times is used.
The building according to claim 1 or 2 . The building according to any one of claims 1 to 3 , wherein a floor base constituting the first floor of the building is composed of a structural plywood having a thickness of 24 mm or more. The building roof according to any one of claims 1 to 4 , wherein the roof of the building is composed of a structural plywood having a thickness of 24 mm or more. Horizontal trusses or horizontal brace the periphery surrounded by the beams, bear more than allowable stress of complying with Article 46 Building Standard Law Decree wooden framework construction method house, any one of claims 1 to 5 Building described in.

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