JP2006130737A - Cylinder excellent in abrasion resistance and corrosion resistance - Google Patents

Cylinder excellent in abrasion resistance and corrosion resistance Download PDF

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JP2006130737A
JP2006130737A JP2004320760A JP2004320760A JP2006130737A JP 2006130737 A JP2006130737 A JP 2006130737A JP 2004320760 A JP2004320760 A JP 2004320760A JP 2004320760 A JP2004320760 A JP 2004320760A JP 2006130737 A JP2006130737 A JP 2006130737A
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cylinder
coating layer
chromium
corrosion resistance
mainly composed
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Shigeru Hirakawa
茂 平川
Hidefumi Hisanabe
英史 久鍋
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Proterial Ltd
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Hitachi Metals Ltd
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a cylinder, which has a film layer excellent in abrasion resistance and corrosion resistance formed thereto, used in injection molding or extrusion molding. <P>SOLUTION: The cylinder for injection molding or extrusion molding is characterized in that at least the film layer based on carbon-containing chromium is formed on the inner surface of the cylinder and the film layer, which is based on chromium, formed on the inner surface of the cylinder contains 0.01 mass% or above of carbon and is formed by plating. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

本発明はプラスチック樹脂などの射出成形や押出成形に使用されるシリンダに係り、特に成形材料と接触するシリンダ内面に皮膜層を形成した耐摩耗性、耐食性に優れたシリンダに関するものである。   The present invention relates to a cylinder used for injection molding and extrusion molding of plastic resin and the like, and more particularly, to a cylinder excellent in wear resistance and corrosion resistance in which a coating layer is formed on the inner surface of a cylinder that comes into contact with a molding material.

射出成形機では、加熱バンドヒータを外周に巻いたシリンダの内にスクリュを進退・回転自在に設けている。ホッパからシリンダ内に供給された樹脂材料は、バンドヒータからの熱エネルギと、スクリュの回転による剪断エネルギを受け、溶解しながら移送され、スクリュヘッドの前方に蓄えられる。次いで、スクリュの前進によりスクリュヘッドの前方に蓄えられた溶融樹脂は射出ノズルから射出され、金型のキャビティに充填される。そして、冷却固化させた後、金型を開いて成形品が取り出される。   In an injection molding machine, a screw is provided in a cylinder in which a heating band heater is wound around the outer periphery so as to be able to advance and retreat. The resin material supplied from the hopper into the cylinder receives heat energy from the band heater and shear energy generated by the rotation of the screw, is transferred while being melted, and is stored in front of the screw head. Next, the molten resin stored in front of the screw head by the advancement of the screw is injected from the injection nozzle and filled in the cavity of the mold. And after making it cool and solidify, a metal mold | die is opened and a molded article is taken out.

この種のシリンダとして、シリンダ本体の内面に耐摩耗性および耐食性に優れた合金を遠心鋳造法や熱間等方圧加圧法により被覆させたバイメタル製シリンダが用いられている。これは優れた性能を発揮するが、ホッパ孔の内面に耐摩耗性合金層が形成されていないので、樹脂材料を注入する際に、ホッパ孔の内壁面に摩耗が発生することが多かった。また、シリンダの先端面部にも耐摩耗性合金層が形成されていないので、成形中のガスにより腐食が発生することが多かった。   As this type of cylinder, a bimetallic cylinder is used in which an inner surface of a cylinder body is coated with an alloy having excellent wear resistance and corrosion resistance by a centrifugal casting method or a hot isostatic pressing method. This exhibits excellent performance, but since the wear-resistant alloy layer is not formed on the inner surface of the hopper hole, wear often occurs on the inner wall surface of the hopper hole when the resin material is injected. In addition, since the wear-resistant alloy layer is not formed on the tip surface portion of the cylinder, corrosion often occurs due to gas during molding.

そこで、サージェント浴などの工業用クロムめっき浴を用いて、シリンダのホッパ孔などの内面に硬質のクロム層を析出させて硬質クロムめっきを施したものがある。硬質クロムめっきは、硬質で摩擦係数の低いクロム皮膜層が得られ、耐摩耗性を高めることができる。   Therefore, there is a type in which a hard chromium layer is deposited by depositing a hard chromium layer on the inner surface of a cylinder hopper hole or the like using an industrial chromium plating bath such as a Sargent bath. Hard chrome plating can provide a hard and low-coefficient chrome coating layer and can improve wear resistance.

また、特許文献1には、シリンダ母材の内面側に耐摩耗性合金層を有するプラスチック成形機用シリンダにおいて、ホッパ孔部に設けた孔へ、あらかじめ製作したホッパ孔内面側を形成するための耐摩耗性合金部材を嵌入し、機械的手段により固着して、ホッパ孔の少なくとも押出し又は射出方向側の内側に、耐摩耗性合金層を形成したことを特徴とするプラスチック成形機用シリンダが記載されている。   Further, in Patent Document 1, in a cylinder for a plastic molding machine having a wear-resistant alloy layer on the inner surface side of a cylinder base material, a pre-fabricated hopper hole inner surface side is formed in a hole provided in the hopper hole portion. A cylinder for a plastic molding machine, characterized in that a wear-resistant alloy member is inserted and fixed by mechanical means, and a wear-resistant alloy layer is formed at least inside the extrusion or injection direction side of the hopper hole. Has been.

特開平6−114914号公報JP-A-6-114914

従来のシリンダの内面に硬質クロムめっきを施したシリンダは、クロムを主体とするめっき皮膜層のビッカース硬度が800〜900Hv程度であり、シリカなどの硬質粒子あるいはガラスファイバーなどの添加材の入った強化樹脂などの難成形材料に対しては、耐摩耗性が未だ不十分であるという課題がある。   Cylinders with hard chrome plating on the inner surface of conventional cylinders have a Vickers hardness of about 800-900 Hv for the plating film layer mainly composed of chromium, and are reinforced with hard particles such as silica or additives such as glass fibers. For difficult-to-mold materials such as resins, there is a problem that the wear resistance is still insufficient.

また従来の硬質クロムめっきは、硬質クロム層に、シリンダ本体やシリンダ本体の内面に形成したライニング層である金属素地に達する縦クラックいわゆるチャンネルクラックが多数存在する。通常、従来の硬質クロムめっきを施したシリンダは、めっき処理後に加工を行なって、表面を平滑な状態にして使用される。そこで、この加工に際し、硬質クロム層の表面に塑性流動が起こってチャンネルクラックが閉塞される。   In the conventional hard chrome plating, there are many vertical cracks, so-called channel cracks, reaching the metal base which is the lining layer formed on the cylinder body and the inner surface of the cylinder body. Usually, the cylinder which gave the conventional hard chromium plating is processed after a metal-plating process, and uses the surface in a smooth state. Therefore, during this processing, plastic flow occurs on the surface of the hard chromium layer, and the channel cracks are closed.

しかしながら、高温下での射出成形を繰り返す間に、熱履歴の影響により硬質クロム層の表面で閉塞していたチャンネルクラックがやがて開口し、腐食の原因となる媒体がチャンネルクラックを通り金属素地に到達して腐食が発生しやすくなる。シリンダ本体が鋼系材料のように鉄基合金を金属素地とする場合は、錆が発生し、耐食性の低下が避けられないという問題がある。   However, during repeated injection molding at high temperatures, channel cracks that have been clogged at the surface of the hard chrome layer due to the influence of thermal history will eventually open, and the medium causing corrosion will reach the metal substrate through the channel cracks. Corrosion is likely to occur. When the cylinder body is made of an iron-based alloy as a metal base like a steel-based material, there is a problem that rust is generated and a reduction in corrosion resistance is unavoidable.

本発明は、これらの課題に鑑みて耐摩耗性、耐食性に優れた皮膜層を形成したシリンダを提供することを目的とする。   In view of these problems, an object of the present invention is to provide a cylinder in which a coating layer having excellent wear resistance and corrosion resistance is formed.

すなわち本発明の耐摩耗性、耐食性に優れたシリンダは、射出成形または押出成形用のシリンダであって、前記シリンダの内面に少なくとも、カーボンを含有するクロムを主体とする皮膜層が形成されていることを特徴とする。   That is, the cylinder having excellent wear resistance and corrosion resistance according to the present invention is a cylinder for injection molding or extrusion molding, and a coating layer mainly composed of chromium containing carbon is formed on the inner surface of the cylinder. It is characterized by that.

前記本発明において、シリンダの内面に形成されるクロムを主体とする皮膜層が、質量%でカーボンを0.01%以上含有することを特徴とする。   In the present invention, the coating layer mainly composed of chromium formed on the inner surface of the cylinder contains 0.01% or more of carbon by mass%.

また、シリンダの内面に形成されるクロムを主体とする皮膜層が、めっきによって形成されたことを特徴とする。   In addition, the film layer mainly composed of chromium formed on the inner surface of the cylinder is formed by plating.

また、シリンダの本体(母材、外筒ともいう)が鉄基合金からなることを特徴とする。   Further, the cylinder body (also referred to as a base material or an outer cylinder) is made of an iron-based alloy.

本発明によれば、シリンダの内面に形成されるクロムを主体とする皮膜層は、カーボンを含有させることにより、ビッカース硬度が900〜1000Hv程度得られ、耐摩耗性を高めることができる。クロムを主体とする皮膜層中にカーボンを質量%で0.01%以上含有させるのが好ましい。   According to the present invention, the coating layer mainly composed of chromium formed on the inner surface of the cylinder can have a Vickers hardness of about 900 to 1000 Hv by containing carbon, and can improve wear resistance. It is preferable to contain 0.01% or more by mass of carbon in the film layer mainly composed of chromium.

本発明の皮膜層を形成させるには、めっき法、真空蒸着法、イオンプレーティング法およびスパッタリング法などが利用できるが、真空蒸着法、イオンプレーティング法、スパッタリング法は、皮膜形成処理時にシリンダ本体が加熱による熱変形や装置上の制約があるため、めっき法が実用的である。めっき法の場合、多価スルフォン酸あるいは有機酸を含有するクロムめっき液が使用できる。   In order to form the coating layer of the present invention, a plating method, a vacuum deposition method, an ion plating method, a sputtering method, and the like can be used. However, since there are thermal deformation due to heating and restrictions on the apparatus, the plating method is practical. In the case of the plating method, a chromium plating solution containing polyvalent sulfonic acid or organic acid can be used.

本発明の皮膜層の厚さは、10〜200μmあれば十分に皮膜の役割を果たし得る。シリンダの本体が、鉄基合金からなる場合、皮膜層との密着力が高まる。本発明の意味するシリンダの内面とは、バイメタル製シリンダの耐摩耗性合金層の内面、シリンダのホッパ孔の内壁面、シリンダの先端部の端面を指す。   If the thickness of the film layer of the present invention is 10 to 200 μm, it can sufficiently serve as a film. When the main body of the cylinder is made of an iron-based alloy, the adhesion with the coating layer is increased. The inner surface of the cylinder as used in the present invention refers to the inner surface of the wear-resistant alloy layer of the bimetal cylinder, the inner wall surface of the cylinder hopper hole, and the end surface of the tip of the cylinder.

シリンダ本体に相当する金属素地として、寸法が縦10mm、横10mm、厚み10mmのSCM440の供試材を用意した。   As a metal substrate corresponding to the cylinder body, a test material of SCM440 having dimensions of 10 mm in length, 10 mm in width, and 10 mm in thickness was prepared.

(実施例)
この供試材を用いて、多価スルフォン酸を含有するクロムめっき浴で、浴温60℃、電流密度60A/dm2でめっき処理を行ない、供試材の表面にカーボンを含有するクロムを主体とする皮膜層を形成した。皮膜層の厚みは80μmであった。ICPによる分析の結果、クロムを主体とする皮膜層のカーボン含有量は0.02質量%であった。また、皮膜層の硬さは900Hvであった。
(Example)
Using this test material, a chromium plating bath containing polyvalent sulfonic acid was used for plating at a bath temperature of 60 ° C. and a current density of 60 A / dm 2 , and the surface of the test material was mainly composed of chromium containing carbon. A coating layer was formed. The thickness of the coating layer was 80 μm. As a result of analysis by ICP, the carbon content of the film layer mainly composed of chromium was 0.02% by mass. Moreover, the hardness of the coating layer was 900 Hv.

図4は、本発明の実施例の断面を示す顕微鏡写真(倍率500倍)である。図4において、シリンダ本体1の表面にカーボンを含有するクロムを主体とする皮膜層3が形成されている。皮膜層3中に存在する縦クラック5は、シリンダ本体1まで達するチャンネルクラックが認められなかった。縦クラック5がシリンダ本体1まで到達しないため、腐食が発生し難く耐食性を十分に確保できる。   FIG. 4 is a micrograph (magnification 500 times) showing a cross section of the example of the present invention. In FIG. 4, a coating layer 3 mainly composed of chromium containing carbon is formed on the surface of the cylinder body 1. As for the vertical cracks 5 present in the coating layer 3, channel cracks reaching the cylinder body 1 were not recognized. Since the vertical crack 5 does not reach the cylinder body 1, corrosion hardly occurs and sufficient corrosion resistance can be secured.

(比較例)
同じSCM440の供試材を用いて、サージェント浴で、浴温60℃、電流密度60A/dm2でめっき処理を行ない、供試材の表面にクロムを主体とする皮膜層を形成した。皮膜層の厚みは40μmであった。また、皮膜層の硬さは800Hvであった。
(Comparative example)
Using the same SCM440 specimen, plating was performed in a Sargent bath at a bath temperature of 60 ° C. and a current density of 60 A / dm 2 to form a coating layer mainly composed of chromium on the surface of the specimen. The thickness of the coating layer was 40 μm. Moreover, the hardness of the coating layer was 800 Hv.

図5は、比較例の断面を示す顕微鏡写真(倍率750倍)である。図5において、シリンダ本体1の表面にクロムを主体とする皮膜層4が形成されている。皮膜層4中にはシリンダ本体1に達する縦クラック5いわゆるチャンネルクラックが多数認められた。そのため、腐食の原因となる媒体がチャンネルクラックを通りシリンダ本体1に到達して腐食が発生しやすく耐食性に劣ることがわかる。   FIG. 5 is a photomicrograph (magnification 750 times) showing a cross section of the comparative example. In FIG. 5, a coating layer 4 mainly composed of chromium is formed on the surface of the cylinder body 1. In the coating layer 4, many vertical cracks 5 so-called channel cracks reaching the cylinder body 1 were observed. Therefore, it can be seen that the medium causing the corrosion passes through the channel cracks and reaches the cylinder body 1 to easily cause corrosion, resulting in poor corrosion resistance.

図1は本発明の実施例のシリンダを示す概略断面図である。図1において、鋼系材料からなるシリンダ本体1の内面に耐摩耗性および耐食性に優れた合金からなる被覆層2を遠心鋳造法により被覆させたバイメタル製シリンダを作製した。そして、シリンダのホッパ孔7の内壁面にカーボンを含有するクロムを主体とする本発明の皮膜層3を形成した。6は射出用の孔である。   FIG. 1 is a schematic sectional view showing a cylinder according to an embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 1, a bimetallic cylinder was produced by coating the inner surface of a cylinder body 1 made of a steel-based material with a coating layer 2 made of an alloy having excellent wear resistance and corrosion resistance by centrifugal casting. Then, the coating layer 3 of the present invention mainly composed of chromium containing carbon was formed on the inner wall surface of the hopper hole 7 of the cylinder. Reference numeral 6 denotes an injection hole.

図2は本発明の他の実施例のシリンダを示す概略断面図である。図2において、鋼系材料からなるシリンダ本体1の内面に耐摩耗性および耐食性に優れた合金からなる被覆層2を遠心鋳造法により被覆させたバイメタル製シリンダを作製した。そして、シリンダの被覆層2の内面およびホッパ孔7の内壁面にカーボンを含有するクロムを主体とする本発明の皮膜層3を形成した。6は射出用の孔である。   FIG. 2 is a schematic sectional view showing a cylinder according to another embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 2, a bimetallic cylinder was produced by coating the inner surface of a cylinder body 1 made of a steel material with a coating layer 2 made of an alloy having excellent wear resistance and corrosion resistance by centrifugal casting. Then, the coating layer 3 of the present invention mainly composed of chromium containing carbon was formed on the inner surface of the coating layer 2 of the cylinder and the inner wall surface of the hopper hole 7. Reference numeral 6 denotes an injection hole.

図3は本発明の他の実施例のシリンダを示す概略断面図である。図3において、鋼系材料からなるシリンダ本体1の内面に耐摩耗性および耐食性に優れた合金からなる被覆層2を遠心鋳造法により被覆させたバイメタル製シリンダを作製した。そして、シリンダの先端部の端面にカーボンを含有するクロムを主体とする本発明の皮膜層3を形成した。6は射出用の孔である。これらの本発明のシリンダを実際の射出成形機に組み込んで射出成形した結果、従来の硬質クロムめっきを施したシリンダに比べ、シリンダの被覆層2の内面、ホッパ孔7の内壁面は耐摩耗性および耐食性を向上させることができ、またシリンダの先端部の端面はガスによる耐食性を向上させることができた。   FIG. 3 is a schematic sectional view showing a cylinder according to another embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 3, a bimetallic cylinder was produced by coating the inner surface of a cylinder body 1 made of a steel material with a coating layer 2 made of an alloy having excellent wear resistance and corrosion resistance by centrifugal casting. And the membrane | film | coat layer 3 of this invention which mainly contains the chromium containing carbon was formed in the end surface of the front-end | tip part of a cylinder. Reference numeral 6 denotes an injection hole. As a result of injection molding by incorporating these cylinders of the present invention into an actual injection molding machine, the inner surface of the coating layer 2 of the cylinder and the inner wall surface of the hopper hole 7 are more resistant to wear as compared with a conventional cylinder with hard chrome plating. And the corrosion resistance could be improved, and the end surface of the tip of the cylinder could improve the corrosion resistance due to gas.

本発明のシリンダは、耐摩耗性および耐食性に優れた特性を有しているので、可塑化能力の低下や腐食を抑えることができ、安定した射出成形または押出成形が可能となる。   Since the cylinder of the present invention has excellent characteristics of wear resistance and corrosion resistance, it is possible to suppress a decrease in plasticizing ability and corrosion, and stable injection molding or extrusion molding is possible.

本発明の実施例のシリンダを示す概略断面図である。It is a schematic sectional drawing which shows the cylinder of the Example of this invention. 本発明の他の実施例のシリンダを示す概略断面図である。It is a schematic sectional drawing which shows the cylinder of the other Example of this invention. 本発明の他の実施例のシリンダを示す概略断面図である。It is a schematic sectional drawing which shows the cylinder of the other Example of this invention. 本発明の実施例の断面を示す顕微鏡写真である。It is a microscope picture which shows the cross section of the Example of this invention. 比較例の断面を示す顕微鏡写真である。It is a microscope picture which shows the cross section of a comparative example.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

1 シリンダ本体、 2 被覆層、 3 皮膜層、 4 皮膜層、
5 縦クラック、 6 射出孔、 7 ホッパ孔
1 cylinder body, 2 coating layer, 3 coating layer, 4 coating layer,
5 Vertical crack, 6 Injection hole, 7 Hopper hole

Claims (4)

射出成形または押出成形用のシリンダであって、前記シリンダの内面に少なくとも、カーボンを含有するクロムを主体とする皮膜層が形成されていることを特徴とする耐摩耗性、耐食性に優れたシリンダ。 A cylinder excellent in wear resistance and corrosion resistance, characterized in that a coating layer mainly composed of chromium containing carbon is formed on an inner surface of the cylinder for injection molding or extrusion molding. シリンダの内面に形成されるクロムを主体とする皮膜層が、質量%でカーボンを0.01%以上含有することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の耐摩耗性、耐食性に優れたシリンダ。 The cylinder having excellent wear resistance and corrosion resistance according to claim 1, wherein the coating layer mainly composed of chromium formed on the inner surface of the cylinder contains 0.01% or more of carbon by mass%. シリンダの内面に形成されるクロムを主体とする皮膜層が、めっきによって形成されたことを特徴とする請求項1または請求項2に記載の耐摩耗性、耐食性に優れたシリンダ。 The cylinder with excellent wear resistance and corrosion resistance according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the coating layer mainly composed of chromium formed on the inner surface of the cylinder is formed by plating. シリンダの本体が鉄基合金からなることを特徴とする請求項1〜請求項3のいずれか1項に記載の耐摩耗性、耐食性に優れたシリンダ。 The cylinder having excellent wear resistance and corrosion resistance according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the main body of the cylinder is made of an iron-based alloy.
JP2004320760A 2004-11-04 2004-11-04 Cylinder excellent in abrasion resistance and corrosion resistance Pending JP2006130737A (en)

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