JP2006123047A - Tool holder - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To enlarge a machining range and to reduce interference with a workpiece W. <P>SOLUTION: This tool holder has a tool chucking part 3 mounted to the side face of a holder body 2 rotatably around the axis. An input shaft 12 of a shank part 1 is inserted in the holder body 2 and rotatably supported thereto, and the holder body 2 is rotatably provided with a transmission shaft 24 orthogonal to the input shaft 12. A rotating shaft 32 of the chucking part 3 is rotatably provided orthogonally to the transmission shaft 24, and rotational force can be transmitted between the input shaft 12 and the transmission shaft 24 by bevel gear mechanisms 23, 25, 26, 27. The rotation of the chucking part 3 is allowed by the bevel gear mechanisms. The rotational center of the chucking part is normally near the center of the chucking part, so that a rotation area of the chucking part is small, and the degree of interference between the chucking part and the workpiece is reduced. Further, since there is no protrusion at the side face lower part of the holder body, the rotating range of the chucking part becomes large to enlarge the machining range. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention is a tool holder that is detachably attached to a main spindle of a machine tool such as a milling machine, and the tool holder can adjust the direction of the tool to an arbitrary angle around an axis perpendicular to the axis of the main spindle. It is about.

This type of tool holder includes a shank portion that is fitted to a main shaft, a holder body that rotatably supports the shank portion and is fixed to a fixing member of a machine tool, and tool chucking provided on the holder body. In general, the holder main body and the tool chucking unit are integrated, and the tool and the spindle have the same axis.
In this tool holder, if the direction of the tool can be made different from the axis of the main shaft, a workpiece (workpiece) fixed at a fixed position can be machined from many directions.

For this reason, as shown in FIG. 8, the holder body 2 and the tool chucking portion 3 are connected to each other with the surface of 45 degrees with respect to the axis c of the main shaft as a swivel surface, and the tool chucking portion is connected to the holder body 2. 3 is rotated through its swivel surface so that the axis of the tool A can be fixed at an arbitrary angular position with respect to the axis c of the main shaft (see Patent Document 1), as shown in FIGS. In this way, the tool chucking portion 3 is connected to the holder main body 2 so as to swing around an axis orthogonal to the axis c of the main shaft M, and the tool chucking portion 3 is rotated about its orthogonal axis with respect to the holder main body 2. And the axis of the tool A can be fixed at an arbitrary angular position around an axis orthogonal to the axis c of the main axis M (see Patent Document 2). In the figure, reference numeral 1 denotes a shank portion fitted to the main shaft M.
Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 02-122742 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2003-1541

  As can be understood from the drawing, the tool holder employing the 45-degree swivel surface shown in FIG. 8 has an adjustment angle θ of the tool A in the range of 90 degrees from the direction of the axis c of the main shaft. For this reason, the processing beyond the 90 degrees cannot be performed.

The tool holders shown in FIGS. 9 and 10 show that the adjustment angle θ of the tool A is in the range of 90 degrees on both sides in the axis c direction of the spindle, that is, approximately 180 degrees. For this reason, the processing beyond the range of 180 degrees cannot be performed.
Further, since both sides of the tool chucking portion 3 are supported so as to be sandwiched between the pair of arms 2a of the holder main body 2, and the tool chucking portion 3 is swung at the support point, the tool has a thickness corresponding to the thickness of the arm 2a. The distance L from the axial center of A to the side surface of the holder body 2 becomes longer, and as can be understood from the chain diagram of FIG. 9, the moving area of the tool chucking portion 3 becomes larger.
For this reason, the holder main body 2 (arm 2a) or the tool chucking portion 3 easily interferes with the workpiece, and in order to avoid the interference, it is necessary to lengthen the protruding amount of the tool A. If the protrusion amount of the tool A becomes long, the deflection of the tool A during processing increases and the rigidity also decreases, leading to a decrease in processing accuracy and processing capability.

  An object of the present invention is to widen the machining range and reduce interference with a workpiece.

  In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the tool chucking portion 3 on the side surface of the holder body 2. In this way, the center of rotation of the tool chucking portion 3 relative to the holder main body 2 can normally be close to the center of the tool chucking portion 3, so that the holder main body 2 is rotated by the rotation of the tool chucking portion 3. The amount of protrusion from the peripheral surface is smaller than that of the tool holder in which the tool chucking portion 3 swings as shown in FIGS. For this reason, the interference degree with the workpiece | work of the tool chucking part 3 decreases.

  Further, the swinging tool chucking portion 3 needs to have a size that fits between the pair of arms 2 a of the holder main body 2, and tends to increase momentum. If the king portion 3 is provided, since the attachment portion is a surface, the tool chucking portion 3 can be made small as long as attachment is possible, and accordingly, the interference area is also reduced.

  Furthermore, normally, there is no protrusion in the lower part of the side surface of the holder main body 2 to which the tool chucking part 3 is attached (see FIG. 1), and therefore the rotation range of the tool chucking part 3 can be increased. For this reason, the direction of the tool A can be obtained in a large range with respect to the axis c of the main spindle M, and the workpiece fixed at a fixed position can be machined from many directions.

In the present invention, since the tool chucking portion 3 is provided on the side surface of the holder body 2 as described above, the degree of interference with the workpiece can be reduced, and accordingly, the protruding amount of the tool A is suppressed. It is possible to reduce the processing accuracy and processing capacity.
Moreover, since the direction of the tool A can be obtained in a large range with respect to the axis c of the main spindle M, the work can be machined from many directions, so that workability is improved.

  As an embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a tool holder that is detachably mounted on a main spindle of a machine tool, and a shank portion fitted to the main shaft, and the shank portion is rotatably supported by the machine tool. A holder main body fixed to the fixing member; and a tool chucking portion provided in the holder main body, the tool chucking portion being provided on a side surface of the holder main body and around a right angle axis with respect to the axis of the shank And the tool can be fixed at a right angle with respect to the right angle axis, and the tool chuck and the shank of the tool chucking portion are universal joint joints. Therefore, it is possible to adopt a configuration in which rotational force is transmitted.

What is necessary is just to employ | adopt the thing of a well-known various aspect as a universal joint coupling, For example, what couple | bonded the pair of hook joint of the aspect of FIG.
When the hook joint is used, for example, when the tool chucking portion is rotated, the connection point between the input shaft of the shank portion of the one hook joint and the tool chuck of the other hook joint is set. A configuration in which the center of rotation of the tool chucking portion is positioned at the midpoint of the line drawn by the midpoint of the line to be connected can be employed.

In this configuration, when the tool is directed in a required direction, the tool chucking portion is rotated. With the rotation, the other hook joint is centered on the connection point with the input shaft of the shank portion of the one hook joint. The connection point with the tool chuck rotates. At this time, the gap between the two connection points varies depending on the rotational phase of the tool chucking portion.
For this reason, the tool chucking portion is located at the midpoint of the line drawn by the midpoint of the line connecting the connection point of the shank portion of one hook joint and the connection point of the tool chuck of the other hook joint. If the center of rotation is positioned, the change in the gap between the two connection points is substantially minimized. However, since the gap change cannot be completely absorbed, either the input shaft or the tool chuck is a support structure that can move in the axial direction.

  As another embodiment, there is a tool holder that is detachably attached to a spindle of a machine tool, and a shank portion that is fitted to the spindle, and the shank portion is rotatably supported to fix the machine tool. A holder main body fixed to the member, and a tool chucking portion provided in the holder main body, the tool chucking portion being provided on a side surface of the holder main body and around a right angle axis with respect to the axis of the shank. The tool is attached in a direction perpendicular to the right-angle axis, and the holder body is rotatably supported by inserting the input shaft of the shank portion into the casing of the holder body. A transmission shaft orthogonal to the input shaft is rotatably provided in the casing, and a rotation shaft having a tool chuck in the casing of the tool chucking portion is orthogonal to the transmission shaft. Rotation is provided so that rotational force can be transmitted between the input shaft and the transmission shaft, between the transmission shaft and the rotation shaft by a bevel gear mechanism, and rotation about a right angle axis of the tool chucking portion. Is adopted by a bevel gear mechanism between the transmission shaft and the rotation shaft.

  Usually, since there is no protrusion in the lower part of the side surface of the holder main body to which the tool chucking part is attached, the rear part of the tool chucking part (opposite part of the tool mounting part) is not hidden by the member. For this reason, the tool chucking portion is formed with the fitting hole of the collet chuck formed therethrough, and means for attracting the collet chuck to the rear portion of the fitting hole and fastening the tool to the collet chuck is provided. You can adopt things.

An embodiment is shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, and this embodiment also has a shank portion 1 fitted to a spindle M of a machine tool and a machine tool that rotatably supports the shank portion 1 as in the prior art. The holder main body 2 is fixed to the fixing member, and the tool chucking portion 3 is provided on the holder main body 2.
The shank portion 1 includes a frustoconical shank 11 and an input shaft 12 extending from one end thereof. The input shaft 12 is rotatably supported by a bearing unit 22 of the holder body 2.

The holder body 2 has the bearing unit 22 fixed to one end of a casing 21 and has a bevel gear mechanism in the other end of the casing 21. The bevel gear mechanism includes a first bevel gear 23 fixed to the tip of the input shaft 12 and second and third umbrellas fixed to both ends of a rotation shaft (transmission shaft) 24 rotatably supported by the casing 21. The rotation shaft 24 is orthogonal to the shaft center of the shank portion 1 (input shaft 12).
An anti-rotation pin 28 is provided on one end side of the casing 21 of the holder body 2. When the shank 11 is fitted to the spindle M of the machine tool and the pin 28 is fitted to the hole of the fixing member of the machine tool, The holder main body 2 is fixed to the fixing member of the machine tool, and the shank portion 1 is rotatably supported by the holder main body 2. For this reason, the shank 11 rotates as the main shaft M rotates.

The tool chucking unit 3 is provided with a collet shaft (rotary shaft) 32 rotatably provided in a casing 31, and a fourth bevel gear 27 of the collet shaft 32 is engaged with the third bevel gear 26. . For this reason, when the shank 11 rotates, the collet shaft (tool chuck shaft) 32 rotates via the first bevel gear 23, the second bevel gear 24, the third bevel gear 25 and the fourth bevel gear 26 of the input shaft 12. To do.
A collet (tool chuck) 33 is fitted in the tip of the collet shaft 32, and a tightening nut 34 is screwed into the outer periphery of the tip. By inserting the tool A into the collet 33 and screwing the tightening nut 34, the collet The tool A is integrally attached to the collet shaft 32 through 33.

  A circular (partially lacking) inverted T-shaped groove 35 centering on the rotating shaft 24 of the bevel gear mechanism is formed on a surface of the casing 21 of the holder body 2 facing the casing 31 of the tool chucking portion 3. A nut 36 is fitted in the groove 35 so as to be movable in the length direction of the groove, and a bolt 37 penetrating the casing 31 of the tool chucking portion 3 is screwed into the nut 36. Therefore, as shown by the chain lines in FIG. 3, the chucking portion 3 is fastened and fixed at the arbitrary angular position by rotating the chucking portion 3 to an arbitrary angle and screwing the bolt 37.

The tool holder of this embodiment has the above-described configuration. The tool holder is fitted to the spindle M of the machine tool, and the pin 28 is fitted to the hole of the fixing member of the machine tool and attached to the spindle M.
In this state, the tool A is attached to the tool chucking portion 3, and the tool chucking portion 3 is rotated so that the tool A faces the required direction as shown by a solid line or a chain line in FIG. Fasten and fix. When the chucking portion 3 rotates, the fourth bevel gear 27 rolls on the tooth surface of the third bevel gear 26 to allow the chucking portion 3 to rotate.

  When the orientation of the tool A is determined and the chucking portion 3 is fastened and fixed, when the spindle M is rotated after setting the workpiece W, the shank 11 rotates, and the rotational force is the bevel gear mechanism, the collet shaft 32, The tool A is transmitted to the tool A through the collet 33 and rotates. For this reason, the workpiece W is machined by the rotating tool A.

  In this embodiment, the tool chucking portion 3 can be removed by supporting the tool chucking portion 3 in a cantilever shape on the holder body 2 and removing the bolt 37 to the nut 36. For this reason, it is easy to disassemble and assemble the bevel gear mechanism and the tool chucking portion 3 in the holder main body 2, and the maintenance is excellent.

  4 and 5 show another embodiment. In this embodiment, the bevel gear mechanism is changed to a universal joint (hook joint mechanism) 40 including a pair of hook joints 41 and 42 in the above embodiment. is there. In the line segment l drawn by the midpoint a of the line segment connecting the connection point 41a of the one hook joint 41 with the input shaft 12 of the shank part 1 and the collet shaft 32 of the other hook joint 42. The rotation center of the tool chucking unit 3 is located at the point o. In this way, the change in the gap between the connecting points 41a and 32a is almost minimized. For this reason, the length enabling the input shaft 12 or the collet shaft 32 to move in the axial direction is short, which is advantageous in design (see FIG. 4).

  In this embodiment, if the orientation of the tool A is determined and the chucking portion 3 is fastened and fixed, the shank 11 rotates when the spindle M is rotated after setting the workpiece W, as in the above embodiment. The rotational force is transmitted to the tool A through the hook joint mechanism 40, the collet shaft 32, and the collet 33, the tool A is rotated, and the workpiece W is processed.

In both of the above embodiments, the collet 33 is expanded and contracted by the fastening nut 34 to attach / remove the tool A. However, as shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, the tool chucking portion 3 is connected to the collet shaft 32. And a nut shaft 38 that is screwed through the collet 33 and the joint cylinder 39 can be rotatably provided at the rear of the hole.
In this tool holder, when the nut shaft 38 is turned, the collet 33 advances and retreats, and the tool A is attached and detached.

Perspective view of one embodiment Main part cutting front view of the same embodiment Operational diagram of this embodiment Main part cutting front view of another embodiment Main part perspective view of the same embodiment Perspective view of another embodiment Main part cutting front view of the same embodiment Front view of main parts of conventional example Front view of another conventional example Same left side view

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Shank part 2 Holder main body 3 Tool chucking part 11 Shank 12 Shank input shaft 21 Holder main body casing 22 Bearing units 23, 25, 26, 27 Bevel gear 24 Rotating shaft (transmission shaft)
31 Chucking casing 32 Collet shaft (rotating shaft)
33 Collet (tool chuck)
34 Collet fastening nut 35 Reverse T-shaped groove 36 Fastening nut 37 Fastening bolt 40 Hook joint mechanism (universal joint)
41, 42 Hook joint M Spindle a Line segment midpoint c Spindle shaft center o Tool chucking center of rotation l Line segment connecting the connection points

Claims (4)

  A tool holder that is detachably mounted on a spindle M of a machine tool, and is fixed to a fixing member of a machine tool by rotatably supporting the shank portion 1 fitted to the spindle M and the shank portion 1. A holder main body 2 and a tool chucking portion 3 provided on the holder main body 2, and the tool chucking portion 3 is provided on a side surface of the holder main body 2 and is perpendicular to the axis of the shank portion 1. The tool A can be rotated around an axis and fixed at an arbitrary position, and the tool A is mounted in a direction perpendicular to the right-angled axis. The tool chuck 33 and the shank of the tool chucking portion 3 Part 1 is a tool holder characterized in that rotational force is transmitted by a universal joint joint.   The tool holder according to claim 1, wherein the universal joint joint (40) is a combination of a pair of hook joints (41, 42). A tool holder that is detachably mounted on a spindle M of a machine tool, and is fixed to a fixing member of a machine tool by rotatably supporting the shank portion 1 fitted to the spindle M and the shank portion 1. A holder main body 2 and a tool chucking portion 3 provided on the holder main body 2, and the tool chucking portion 3 is provided on a side surface of the holder main body 2 and is perpendicular to the axis of the shank portion 1. The tool A can be rotated around an axis, and the tool A is attached in a direction perpendicular to the perpendicular axis.
The input shaft 12 of the shank portion 1 is inserted into the casing 21 of the holder body 2 and supported rotatably, and the transmission shaft 24 orthogonal to the input shaft 12 is rotated within the casing 21 of the holder body 2. A rotary shaft 32 having a tool chuck 33 is provided in the casing 31 of the tool chucking portion 3 so as to be orthogonal to the transmission shaft 24 and freely rotatable between the input shaft 12 and the transmission shaft 24. Rotational force can be transmitted between the transmission shaft 24 and the rotary shaft 32 by the bevel gear mechanisms 23, 25, 26, and 27, respectively, and the rotation of the tool chucking portion 3 around the right-angle axis can be transmitted. 24. A tool holder characterized by being allowed by a bevel gear mechanism between a rotating shaft and a rotating shaft.   The tool chucking portion 3 is formed by penetrating the fitting hole of the collet chuck 33, and means for attracting the collet chuck 33 to the rear portion of the fitting hole and fastening the tool A to the collet chuck 33. The tool holder according to claim 1, wherein 38 is provided.

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