JP2006116413A - Wood crusher and pressure roller device - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a wood crusher capable of preventing wood pieces on the way of crushing to the outside of a crushing device to prevent a fall of crushing efficiency, and a pressure roller device. <P>SOLUTION: The wood crusher is equipped with the crushing device 13 for crushing wood to be crushed, a feed conveyor 12 for feeding the wood to be crushed to the crushing device 13, the pressure roller 17 which cooperates with the feed conveyor 12 to introduce the wood to be crushed into the crushing device 13 and is arranged above a drive wheel 15 of the feed conveyor 12 to press the wood to be crushed, which is fed to the cushing device 13, to the feed conveyor 12, and the pressure roller device 14 having guide plates 43 attached to the rear surface in the rotational direction of pawl members 42 so as to be inclined to the outside in the diametric direction from the peripheral barrel part 41 of the pressure roller 17 toward the front side in the rotational direction of the pressure roller 17 toward the front side in the rotational direction of the pressure roller 17, where the pawl members 42 are provided circumferentially along the peripheral barrel part 41 of the pressure roller 17 at a definite interval to extend in a diametric direction. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a wood crusher for crushing pruned branch materials / thinned wood, branch wood, waste wood, and the like, and a pressure roller device provided in the wood crusher.

  For example, pruned branches / thinned wood generated when pruning timber harvested in forests, branch timber generated in creation / green space maintenance management, or waste wood used in wooden houses is usually the final In general, it is treated as industrial waste. The wood crusher is used for the purpose of reducing the volume of crushed wood as waste in such a waste treatment process, or fermenting crushed timber (wood chips) after pulverization and reusing it as organic fertilizer. The crushed wood is crushed into a predetermined size.

  In this type of wood crusher, as described in Patent Document 1, the wood to be shredded received by the hopper is conveyed by a feed conveyor inside the hopper, and the wood to be shredded by a pressure roller in front of the crushing rotor of the crushing apparatus. There is one that is introduced into a crushing apparatus in a state where it is pressed and held between the feed conveyors and crushed.

JP 2001-205605 A

However, there are the following problems in the above prior art.
That is, the above-mentioned pressing roller is located in front of the crushing rotor that crushes the wood to be crushed, and faces the crushing chamber in which the crushing rotor is rotationally driven. In the above prior art, the crushing rotor rotates at a high speed in the direction in which the crushing bit collides from below with the wood to be crushed held by the pressing roller and the feed conveyor. The part flows toward the pressing roller. As a result, by being accompanied by a part of the air flow toward the pressing roller, there is a possibility that a part of the wood piece in the middle of crushing around the crushing rotor jumps out of the crushing device beyond the pressing roller, and the crushing efficiency There is a risk of lowering.

  This invention is made | formed in view of the above point, The objective is preventing the fall of the crushing efficiency by preventing that the wood piece in the middle of crushing is discharged | emitted out of the crushing apparatus, and crushing the wood It is to provide a machine and a pressing roller device.

  In order to achieve the above object, the first invention is a crusher for crushing crushed wood, a feed conveyor for conveying the crushed wood toward the crusher, and a crusher in cooperation with the feed conveyor. A pressure roller for introducing wood into the crushing device, which is disposed above the drive wheels of the feed conveyor and which presses the wood to be crushed conveyed toward the crushing device against the feed conveyor, A claw member that is provided in the circumferential body portion at regular intervals in the circumferential direction and extends in the radial direction, and is attached to the rear surface in the rotation direction of the claw member so as to incline radially outward from the circumferential body portion of the pressing roller toward the front side in the rotation direction of the pressing roller. And a pressing roller device having guiding means.

  In a second aspect based on the first aspect, the pressing roller device includes a cover that covers the upper side of the pressing roller, and an end portion of the cover on the side close to the crushing device is an end on the opposite side. The distance from the pressing roller is shorter than that of the portion.

  According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the first or second aspect of the invention, the pressing roller device rotates in the rotation direction of the claw member so as to incline radially outward from the circumferential body portion of the pressing roller toward the rear side in the pressing roller rotation direction. It has the deposition prevention means attached to the front surface.

  4th invention is a press roller apparatus which cooperates with the feed conveyor of a wood crusher, and introduce | transduces to-be-crushed wood into a crushing apparatus, It is arrange | positioned above the drive wheel of the said feed conveyor, and it conveys toward a crushing apparatus. A pressing roller that presses the wood to be crushed against the feed conveyor, a claw member that is provided in the circumferential body portion of the pressing roller at a constant interval in the circumferential direction and extends in the radial direction, and a front side in the rotation direction of the pressing roller from the circumferential body portion of the pressing roller And a guiding means attached to the rear surface in the rotational direction of the claw member so as to incline radially outward toward.

  According to the present invention, the guide roller that is inclined radially outward from the peripheral body portion of the pressure roller toward the front side in the rotation direction of the pressure roller is provided on the rear surface in the rotation direction of the claw member of the pressure roller. Since the air flow toward the air can be guided by the guide plate, it is possible to prevent some pieces of wood in the middle of crushing to be crushed from being accompanied by the air flow and discharged from the crushing device, and crushing efficiency Can be prevented.

Hereinafter, an embodiment of a wood crusher and a pressure roller device according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
1 is a side view showing the overall structure of a wood crusher according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a plan view thereof, and FIG. 3 is a rear view as seen from the rear. In the following description, the directions corresponding to the left and right in FIG.
As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the wood crusher of the present embodiment includes a traveling body 1 for traveling on its own, a wood crusher main body 2 mounted on the traveling body 1, and a wood crusher main body. Schematic of a discharge conveyor 3 that transports crushed wood (wood chips) from the section 2 and discharges it outside the machine, and a power unit (power unit) 4 that has built-in power sources (engines) of each operating device mounted in various parts of the machine body It is configured. Next, the schematic configuration of the traveling body 1, the wood crusher main body 2, the discharge conveyor 3, and the power unit 4 will be sequentially described.

  The traveling body 1 includes a track frame 5, drive wheels 6 and driven wheels 7 provided at both front and rear ends of the track frame 5, and a drive device (travel hydraulic motor) 8 in which an output shaft is connected to the shaft of the drive wheel 6. And a crawler belt (endless track crawler belt) 9 wound around the drive wheel 6 and the driven wheel 7. A main body frame 10 is disposed on the track frame 5, and the above-described wood crusher main body 2, the discharge conveyor 3, the power unit 4, and the like are supported by the main body frame 10.

  The wood crusher main body 2 crushes the wood to be crushed introduced by the hopper 11 that receives the wood to be crushed, the feed conveyor 12 that transports the wood to be crushed into the hopper 11, and the feed conveyor 12. A crushing device 13, and a pressing roller device 14 as a pressure roller device for introducing the crushed wood into the crushing device 13 in cooperation with the feeding conveyor 12 while pressing the crushed wood against the feeding conveyor 12 before the crushing device 13 It has.

  The hopper 11 is a bottomed member having an open top, and is provided substantially horizontally on the other side in the longitudinal direction of the main body frame 10 (right side in FIG. 1). The hopper 11 is crushed by a grapple or the like, for example. Wood is thrown in from above or behind.

The feed conveyor 12 is disposed substantially horizontally on the other side in the longitudinal direction of the main body frame 10 (right side in FIG. 1) so as to be accommodated in the hopper 11, and crushes the wood to be crushed that has been put into the hopper 11. It functions as a conveyance means for the wood to be crushed to be conveyed to the device 13. Here, FIG. 4 is an internal structure diagram showing a schematic configuration in the vicinity of the feed conveyor 12, the crushing device 13, and the pressing roller device 14.
As can be seen with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3 and FIG. 4, the feed conveyor 12 includes a sprocket-like drive wheel 15 provided opposite to the crushing rotor 32 provided in the crushing device 13 and the opposite side (the rear of the machine body). The carrier 16 is wound around a driven wheel provided on the side). In the present embodiment, the transport body 16 is constituted by a chain belt, and is arranged in a plurality of rows (four rows in this example) in the machine body width direction as shown in FIG.

  In FIG. 4, the crushing device 13 is provided on the main body frame 10 so as to face the front end portion of the feed conveyor 12. The crushing device 13 includes a crushing rotor 32 having a plurality of crushing bits 31 attached to the outer periphery, and the crushing rotor 32 is rotated at high speed to hit and roughly crush the wood to be crushed sent by the feed conveyor 12. The roughly crushed wood pieces are collided with an anvil (collision plate) 33 and further crushed by impact force. The piece of wood in the middle of crushing is further refined as it circulates in the crushing chamber 34 as the crushing rotor 32 rotates and repeatedly collides with the crushing bit 31 and the anvil 33. When the particle size becomes smaller than the eyes of the screen 35 constituting a part, the particles are discharged from the crushing device 13 through the screen 35.

  The pressing roller device 14 is disposed so as to cover the upper portion of the crushing device 13. The pressing roller device 14 includes a pressing roller 17 disposed so as to face the drive wheel of the feed conveyor 12 and a support member 18 that supports the pressing roller 17 so as to be swingable up and down. The front end portion of the support member 18 is configured to be swingable with respect to the side wall of the housing (not shown) with the rotation shaft 36 as a fulcrum. Although not particularly shown in FIG. 4, the rotation shaft 36 is rotatably supported on the side wall of the housing via a bearing.

  The support member 18 includes an arm portion 37 whose base end portion is supported by the rotation shaft 36 as a fulcrum, and a bracket portion 38 attached to the distal end side (the side opposite to the base end side) of the arm portion 37. . The pressing roller 17 is rotatably supported by a bracket portion 38 that constitutes the support member 18. The lower end surface of the arm portion 37 is formed to be curved in an arc shape, and a curved plate 39 constituting a part of the crushing chamber 34 is attached to the curved portion. Although not particularly illustrated, the pressing roller 17 is formed of a hollow drum-like member and accommodates a driving device (not shown) therein. With this driving device, the pressing roller 17 rotates in the direction of rolling in the conveying direction of the crushed wood by the feed conveyor 12 (counterclockwise in FIG. 4) at the same circumferential speed as the conveying speed of the crushed wood. In FIG. 4, the portion that appears to protrude from the bracket portion 38 of the pressing roller 17 is a cover 40 provided on the end surface portion of the pressing roller 17.

  With this configuration, when the wood to be crushed on the feed conveyor 12 is conveyed toward the crushing device 13, the pressing roller 17 rides on the wood to be crushed, and the wood to be crushed is fed by the weight of the pressing roller 17. The pressing roller 17 and the feed conveyor 12 are in a state of gripping the wood to be crushed. In this state, the feeding functions further cooperate to supply the crushed wood to the crushing device 13. As indicated by arrows in FIG. 4, the crushing rotor 32 rotates in a direction (clockwise in the drawing) in which the crushing bit 31 collides with the wood to be crushed introduced into the crushing chamber 34 from below. The reaction force is mainly received by the pressing roller 17.

  Returning to FIGS. 1 to 3, the discharge conveyor 3 is supported on the discharge side (front side, left side in FIG. 1) by a support member 20 that protrudes from the power unit 4. The opposite side (rear side, right side in FIG. 1) is suspended from the main body frame 10 via the support member 21. Thereby, after passing the lower part of the power unit 4 from the lower part of the crushing apparatus 13, the discharge conveyor 3 is arrange | positioned by the upward inclination toward the front side of the body. Drive wheels and driven wheels (both not shown) are rotatably provided at both ends in the longitudinal direction of the frame 22 of the discharge conveyor 3, and conveyor belts (not shown) are provided on these drive wheels and driven wheels. Is wound. A drive unit (hydraulic motor for discharge conveyor) 23 is directly connected to the rotation shaft of the drive wheel, and the conveyor belt is driven to circulate between the drive wheel and the driven wheel by rotating the drive unit 23. The upper part of the conveyor belt is covered with a cover 24 fixed to the conveyor frame 22 to prevent the crushed wood on the conveyor belt from being scattered by wind or the like.

  The power unit 4 is mounted on one end in the longitudinal direction of the main body frame 10 (left side in FIG. 1) via a support member 25, and the other end of the power unit 4 in the longitudinal direction of the main body frame (rear side) ), The previous crushing device 13 is located. The power unit 4 includes an engine, a hydraulic pump driven by the engine, a control valve for controlling the flow of pressure oil from the hydraulic pump to each operating device, a tank for combustion and hydraulic oil, and a radiator for cooling engine cooling water. Air cleaner etc. are built in. Reference numeral 26 denotes a fuel filler port for a fuel tank (not shown) for storing engine fuel, and 27 is a filler port for a hydraulic oil tank (not shown) for storing hydraulic oil to be supplied to each driving device (hydraulic actuator). These oil supply ports 26 and 27 are located at positions closer to one side in the machine width direction of the power unit 4 (the left side of the machine body, the lower side in FIG. 2).

  In addition, a driver's seat 28 is provided in a compartment on the rear side of the power unit 4 and on the other side in the body width direction (the right side of the body, the upper side in FIG. 2). The driver's seat 28 has an operation lever for driving operation. 29 etc. are provided. A floor 30 is provided on the other side of the power unit 4 in the body width direction (right side of the body, upper side in FIG. 2) so as to be connected to the driver seat 28. Consideration is given to maintenance work of a radiator (not shown) built in the other side of the direction.

The greatest feature of the wood crusher and the pressing roller device according to the present embodiment having the above-described configuration is the configuration of the pressing roller 17 described above.
FIG. 5 is a view showing the shape viewed from the end surface of the peripheral body portion of the pressing roller 17 by removing the cover 40 on the front side in the direction perpendicular to the paper surface, and further partially breaking the bracket portion 38. FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of the VI portion in FIG. 6 and FIG. 7 are enlarged views of the VII part.

  As shown in FIGS. 5 to 7, the cylindrical peripheral body portion (outer peripheral portion) 41 of the pressing roller 17 is provided with claw members 42 extending in the radial direction at regular intervals in the circumferential direction. These pawl members 42 prevent slippage between the pressing roller 17 and the surface of the wood to be crushed. On the rear surfaces of the claw members 42 in the direction of pressing roller rotation, a rib-shaped guide plate 43 is provided that is inclined radially outward from the circumferential body 41 of the pressing roller 17 toward the front side in the pressing roller rotation direction. Each guide plate 43 is fixed to the claw member 42 and the pressing roller peripheral body 41 by means such as welding. Further, a rib-like shape is formed on the front surface of each claw member 42 in the rotation direction of the pressure roller so as to sandwich the guide plate 43 and the claw member 42 from the peripheral body portion 41 of the pressure roller 17 toward the rear side in the rotation direction of the pressure roller. The anti-deposition plate 44 is attached. Thus, in this embodiment, the pressing roller 17 is formed in a mountain shape by reinforcing each claw member 42 from the both sides in the rotational direction with the guide plate 43 and the deposition preventing plate 44.

  Further, the pressing roller device 14 includes an arc-shaped cover 45 covering the upper side of the pressing roller 17 at a portion facing the pressing roller peripheral body portion 41 of the arm portion 37 between the bracket portions 38 on both sides in the body width direction. Yes. Then, the end of the cover 45 on the side close to the crushing device 13 (crushing chamber 34 side) is connected to the curved plate 39 described above, and in this embodiment, the curved plate 39 protruding to the pressing roller 17 side. The front end portion of the cover 45 constitutes the crushing chamber 43 side end of the pressing roller 17. The distal end portion of the curved plate 39 protrudes to a position close to the rotation trajectory of the claw member 42, and the dimension H1 of the gap portion between the pressing roller 17 and the arm portion 37 that becomes a wall surface break in the outer peripheral portion of the crushing chamber 34 is as much as possible. It is narrowed and is configured to be remarkably shorter than the distance (dimension H2) between the end portion on the opposite side of the cover 45 (the side to which the wood to be crushed) is placed and the pressing roller 17.

Next, operation | movement and an effect | action of the wood crusher which concern on this Embodiment of the said structure are demonstrated one by one.
When the wood to be crushed is put into the hopper 11 with a grapple or the like, the wood to be crushed is placed on the feed conveyor 12 in the hopper 11 and is guided by the inner wall of the hopper 11 on the side of the machine body and circulated and driven by the carrier 16. It is conveyed toward the front of the machine. When the crushed wood is conveyed to the vicinity of the pressing roller device 14, the pressing roller 17 rides on the crushed wood, and the crushed wood on the feed conveyor 12 is pressed against the feed conveyor 12 by the weight of the pressing roller device 14. It is introduced into the crushing chamber 34 while being held by the feed conveyor 12 and the pressing roller 17. Thus, the crushed wood projects into the crushing chamber 34 in a cantilevered manner with the portion sandwiched between the pressing roller 17 and the feed conveyor 12 as a fulcrum, and the crushing bit 31 of the crushing rotor 32 that rotates at a high speed on this projecting portion. Crushed by collision. The coarsely crushed pieces of wood to be crushed go around with the rotation of the crushing rotor 32 in the crushing chamber 34 and collide with the crushing bit 31, the anvil 33, etc., and are further crushed by the impact force. . Thus, when a piece of wood is pulverized to a particle size that passes through the screen 35 that constitutes a part of the wall surface of the crushing chamber 34, the crushed wood (wood chip) passes through the screen 35 and passes from the crushing device 13. Discharged. Then, the crushed wood discharged from the crushing device 13 falls on the conveyor belt of the discharge conveyor 3, and is further conveyed forward of the machine body and discharged out of the machine as a recycled product.

  Here, as can be seen from FIG. 5 and the like, in the present embodiment, the pressing roller 17 is positioned in front of the crushing rotor 32 that crushes the crushing wood (upstream side in the crushing wood conveyance direction), It faces the crushing chamber 34 that is driven to rotate. Since the crushing rotor 32 rotates at high speed in the direction in which the crushing bit 31 collides from below with respect to the wood to be crushed held by the pressing roller 17 and the feed conveyor 12, the crushing rotor 32 is rotated in the crushing chamber 34 as the crushing rotor 32 rotates. An air flow is induced, and a part thereof flows toward the pressing roller as shown by a two-dot chain arrow in FIG. In this case, a part of the piece of wood to be crushed (particularly fine particles) in the middle of crushing around the crushing rotor 32 is accompanied by the air flow of the two-dot chain line toward the pressing roller 17 and the pressing roller 17 and the arm part. 37 enters the gap between the pressure roller 17 and the pressure roller 17 and is discharged to the outside of the crushing device 13 to cause a reduction in crushing efficiency.

  On the other hand, in the present embodiment, the guide plate 43 that is inclined radially outward from the peripheral body portion 41 of the pressing roller 17 toward the front side in the pressing roller rotation direction is provided on the rear surface in the pressing roller rotation direction of the claw member 42 of the pressing roller 17. As a result, the air flow toward the pressing roller 17 indicated by the two-dot chain line is guided forward as indicated by the dotted line in FIG. Thereby, generation | occurrence | production of the air flow which enters into the clearance gap between the pressing roller 17 and the arm part 37 from the crushing chamber 34 is suppressed, and the approach of the wood piece which circulates in the crushing chamber 34 to the clearance gap between the pressing roller 17 and the arm part 37 is made. Since it can suppress, it can prevent that the piece of wood which should be crushed is discharged | emitted from the crushing apparatus 13 in the middle of crushing, Therefore The fall of crushing efficiency can be prevented.

  In addition, in the present embodiment, the gap dimension H1 between the pressing roller 17 and the arm part 37 on the crushing chamber 34 side is significantly smaller than the gap dimension H2 between the pressing roller 17 and the arm part 37 on the charging side. Since it is formed as small as possible, a piece of wood that circulates in the crushing chamber 34 through the gap between the pressing roller 17 and the arm portion 37 is less likely to enter.

  In the present embodiment, the front side of each claw member 42 in the rotation direction of the pressure roller is radially outward from the circumferential body 41 of the pressure roller 17 toward the rear side in the rotation direction of the pressure roller so as to sandwich the guide plate 43 and the claw member 42. An anti-deposition plate 44 is attached. If these accumulation prevention plates 44 are not provided, the gap between the claw member 42 and the curved plate 39 is narrowed as much as possible, so that when a relatively large piece of wood flies between the claw member 42 and the curved plate 39, the claw A piece of wood is caught between the member 42 and the curved plate 39, and in a severe case, the wood piece may be compacted and hinder the rotation of the pressing roller 17. In addition, while facing the crushing chamber 34, fine wood pieces may accumulate on the claw member 42 and be transported to the input side as they are, and may be discharged out of the crushing device 13.

  On the other hand, in the present embodiment, the anti-deposition plate 44 that is inclined radially outward from the peripheral body portion 41 of the pressing roller 17 toward the rear side in the pressing roller rotation direction is attached to the front surface of each claw member 42 in the pressing roller rotation direction. Therefore, even if a relatively large piece of wood is about to be sandwiched between the claw member 42 and the curved plate 39, the piece of wood is caught between the curved plates 39 without being sandwiched between them. The deposition preventing plate 44 is slid down and returned to the crushing chamber 34. Further, since the deposition preventing plate 44 is inclined so as to be lowered toward the crushing chamber 34 while facing the crushing chamber 34, it is possible to prevent accumulation of fine wood pieces.

  In the above, the case where the present invention is applied to a timber crusher capable of traveling on its own has been described as an example. Needless to say, the present invention may be applied to a portable wood crusher that can be transported in a portable manner, and a stationary wood crusher that is arranged as a fixed machine in a plant or the like.

It is a side view showing the whole structure of the wood crusher which concerns on one embodiment of this invention. It is a top view showing the whole structure of the wood crusher which concerns on one embodiment of this invention. It is the rear view seen from the back showing the whole structure of the wood crusher which concerns on one embodiment of this invention. It is an internal structure figure showing the schematic structure of the vicinity of the feed conveyor with which the wood crusher which concerns on one embodiment of this invention was equipped, the crushing apparatus, and the press roller apparatus. It is the figure showing the internal structure figure of the vicinity of the feed conveyor, the crushing device, and the pressing roller device provided in the wood crusher according to the embodiment of the present invention corresponding to FIG. It is the figure which represented the shape seen from the end surface of the surrounding trunk | drum part of a press roller by removing a cover and also partially breaking a bracket part. It is a figure showing the structure of the press roller with which the wood crusher which concerns on one embodiment of this invention was equipped, and is the figure which expanded and represented VI part in FIG. It is a figure showing the structure of the press roller vicinity with which the wood crusher which concerns on one embodiment of this invention was equipped, and is the figure which expanded and represented the VII part in FIG.

Explanation of symbols

12 Feed Conveyor 13 Crushing Device 14 Pressing Roller Device 15 Driving Wheel 17 Pressing Roller 39 Curved Plate 41 Circumferential Body 42 Claw Member 43 Guide Plate 44 Deposition Prevention Plate 45 Cover

Claims (4)

A crushing device for crushing crushed wood;
A feed conveyor for conveying the wood to be shredded toward the crushing device;
The crushed wood is introduced into the crushing device in cooperation with the feed conveyor, and the crushed wood that is disposed above the drive wheel of the feed conveyor and is conveyed toward the crushing device is fed to the crushing device. A pressure roller that presses against the conveyor, a claw member that is provided in the circumferential body of the pressure roller at a constant interval in the circumferential direction and extends in the radial direction, and is inclined radially outward from the circumferential body of the pressure roller toward the front side in the rotation direction of the pressure roller. And a pressing roller device having guiding means attached to the rear surface in the rotation direction of the claw member.   The pressure roller device includes a cover that covers the upper side of the pressure roller, and the end of the cover closer to the crushing device has a shorter distance from the pressure roller than the opposite end. The wood crusher according to claim 1, wherein   The pressure roller device further includes an accumulation preventing unit attached to a front surface in the rotation direction of the claw member so as to be inclined radially outward from a circumferential body portion of the pressure roller toward a rear side in the rotation direction of the pressure roller. Item 3. A wood crusher according to item 1 or 2. In the pressure roller device that cooperates with the feed conveyor of the wood crusher to introduce the shredded wood into the crushing device,
A pressure roller that is disposed above the drive wheels of the feed conveyor and presses the wood to be crushed conveyed toward the crushing device against the feed conveyor;
A claw member that is provided at a constant interval in the circumferential direction of the peripheral portion of the pressing roller and extends in the radial direction;
A pressure roller device comprising guide means attached to a rear surface in the rotation direction of the claw member so as to incline radially outward from a circumferential body portion of the pressure roller toward a front side in the rotation direction of the pressure roller.

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