JP2006116429A - Wood crusher - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a wood crusher capable of ensuring a work space having high safety and convenience at the time of maintenance of a power device and a crushing device. <P>SOLUTION: This wood crusher is equipped with a crusher body frame 10, the power device 4 provided on one side in the longitudinal direction of the crusher body frame 10, the crushing device 13 provided on the other side in the longitudinal direction of the crusher body frame 10 of the power device 4 and having a crushing rotor for crushing wood to be crushed, a drive device 31 arranged on one side in the width direction of a machine body between the crushing device 13 and the power device 4 at the almost same height as that of the rotary shaft of the crushing rotor, a power transmission belt 34 wound between pulleys 32 and 33 provided to the output shaft of the drive device 31 and the rotary shaft of the crushing rotor and positioned on one side in the width direction of a machine body, a cover 35 for surrounding the power transmission belt 34 and the drive device 31, and a first work floor 36 provided above the cover 35. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a wood crusher that crushes pruned branch materials / thinned wood, branch wood, waste wood, and the like.

  For example, pruned branches / thinned wood generated when pruning timber harvested in forests, branch timber generated in creation / green space maintenance management, or waste wood used in wooden houses is usually the final In general, it is treated as industrial waste. The wood crusher is used for the purpose of reducing the volume of crushed wood as waste in such a waste treatment process, or fermenting crushed timber (wood chips) after pulverization and reusing it as organic fertilizer. The crushed wood is crushed into a predetermined size.

  In this type of wood crusher, like the one described in Patent Document 1, the wood to be crushed received by the hopper is conveyed by a feed conveyor inside the hopper, and the wood to be crushed is pressed by a pressing roller before the crushing device. Some of them are introduced into a crushing apparatus while being gripped between the feed conveyor and crushing treatment.

JP 2002-219373 A

The crushing device of a wood crusher rotates a crushing rotor with a crushing bit at high speed, roughly crushes the wood to be shredded by collision with the crushing bit at that time, and further removes a piece of wood that circulates as the crushing rotor rotates. Since it collides with an anvil etc. to crush to predetermined particle size, a considerable impact is applied to the crushing rotor. Therefore, if the output shaft of the drive device (motor) that drives the crushing rotor is directly connected to the rotor rotation shaft, an impact is transmitted to the drive device.
On the other hand, the conventional technology adopts a configuration in which the driving force of the driving device is transmitted to the crushing rotor via the transmission belt so that the impact applied to the crushing rotor is not directly transmitted to the driving device.

  Here, in the said prior art, the motive power apparatus used as the motive power source of each actuator is arrange | positioned in the front side (crushing timber discharge | emission side) of the crushing apparatus. The power unit incorporates various facilities such as an engine, a hydraulic pump, a control valve, a radiator, a hydraulic oil tank, and a fuel tank. Therefore, when the work floor is provided around the power unit, it is highly convenient for refueling and maintenance. Moreover, since the built-in equipment of the power unit is diverse as described above, the work floor is required on both sides of the power unit in the body width direction. If work floors are provided on both sides of the power unit, the power unit is connected so that it can be moved back and forth in terms of work efficiency, and can also be used effectively as a work space for maintenance of the adjacent crushing unit. It is desirable to create a space for the passage between the crushing apparatus and the crushing apparatus.

  However, in the above prior art, since the drive device is disposed above the rotor rotation shaft, the transmission belt is wound around the drive device so as to rise upward from the rotor rotation shaft. . At this time, even if a space is created between the power unit and the crushing device, the driving device for the crushing rotor, which is the main device, is preferably arranged as close as possible to the power unit in order to efficiently supply power. Therefore, when creating a space between the crushing device and the power device, if the crushing rotor driving device is left near the power device, the driving device and the transmission belt are provided even if work floors are provided on both sides of the power device. However, it is difficult for a worker who goes back and forth between them to secure a safe and convenient work space.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and an object of the present invention is to provide a wood crusher capable of ensuring a safe and convenient work space when performing maintenance of a power device and a crushing device. It is to provide.

  In order to achieve the above object, a first invention provides a main body frame, a power device provided on one side in the longitudinal direction of the main body frame, and a wood to be crushed provided on the other side in the main body frame longitudinal direction of the power device. A crushing device having a crushing rotor for crushing the crushing device, and between the crushing device and the power unit, disposed on one side in the width direction of the machine body at substantially the same height as the rotation shaft of the crushing rotor, and rotating the crushing rotor A driving device to be driven, a power transmission belt wound around a pulley provided on an output shaft of the driving device and a rotating shaft of the crushing rotor, and located on one side in the body width direction; A cover for enclosing the drive device and a first work floor provided above the cover are provided.

  According to a second invention, in the first invention, the first and second work floors are provided between the second work floor provided on the opposite side of the machine body of the first work floor, and the power unit and the crushing device. And a passage provided to be connected.

  A third invention is characterized in that, in the first or second invention, the upper surface of the cover is inclined downward toward the outer side in the body width direction.

  According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in any one of the first to third aspects, the first work floor is disposed on a side where a fuel filler opening of the power unit in the body width direction is provided. And

  A fifth invention is characterized in that, in any one of the first to fourth inventions, access lifting means is provided on the first work floor.

  According to the present invention, since the drive device is arranged at substantially the same height as the rotation shaft of the crushing rotor, the first work floor can be provided on the power device and the power transmission belt, It is possible to provide a passage connecting the first work floor and the second work floor provided on the opposite side of the machine body by effectively using the space created between the apparatus. Then, when the passage between the first and second floors can be made to go back and forth through this passage, the height of the drive device is lowered to the same height as the rotation center of the crushing rotor, so that the drive device and power Since the transmission belt is positioned below the first work floor, it can be prevented that they become obstacles when going back and forth between the first and second floors. Therefore, when performing maintenance of the power unit and the crushing device, it is possible to ensure a safe and convenient work space.

Hereinafter, an embodiment of a wood crusher according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
1 is a side view showing the overall structure of a wood crusher according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a plan view thereof, and FIG. 3 is a rear view as seen from the rear. In the following description, the directions corresponding to the left and right in FIG.
As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the wood crusher of the present embodiment includes a traveling body 1 for traveling on its own, a wood crusher main body 2 mounted on the traveling body 1, and a wood crusher main body. Schematic of a discharge conveyor 3 that transports crushed wood (wood chips) from the section 2 and discharges it outside the machine, and a power unit (power unit) 4 that has built-in power sources (engines) of each operating device mounted in various parts of the machine body It is configured. Next, the schematic configuration of the traveling body 1, the wood crusher main body 2, the discharge conveyor 3, and the power unit 4 will be sequentially described.

  The traveling body 1 includes a track frame 5, drive wheels 6 and driven wheels 7 provided at both front and rear ends of the track frame 5, and a drive device (travel hydraulic motor) 8 in which an output shaft is connected to the shaft of the drive wheel 6. And a crawler belt (endless track crawler belt) 9 wound around the drive wheel 6 and the driven wheel 7. A main body frame 10 is disposed on the track frame 5, and the above-described wood crusher main body 2, the discharge conveyor 3, the power unit 4, and the like are supported by the main body frame 10.

  The wood crusher main body 2 crushes the wood to be crushed introduced by the hopper 11 that receives the wood to be crushed, the feed conveyor 12 that transports the wood to be crushed into the hopper 11, and the feed conveyor 12. A crushing device 13, and a pressing roller device 14 as a pressure introducing means for introducing the wood to be shredded into the crushing device 13 in cooperation with the feed conveyor 12 while pressing the wood to be shredded against the feed conveyor 12 before the crushing device 13 It has.

  The hopper 11 is a bottomed member having an open top, and is provided substantially horizontally on the other side in the longitudinal direction of the main body frame 10 (right side in FIG. 1). The hopper 11 is crushed by a grapple or the like, for example. Wood is thrown in from above or behind.

  The feed conveyor 12 is disposed substantially horizontally on the other side in the longitudinal direction of the main body frame 10 (right side in FIG. 1) so as to be accommodated in the hopper 11, and crushes the wood to be crushed that has been put into the hopper 11. It functions as a conveyance means for the wood to be crushed to be conveyed to the device 13. Although not shown in detail, the feed conveyor 12 is between a sprocket-like drive wheel provided facing the crushing rotor in the crushing device 13 and a driven wheel provided on the opposite side (the rear side of the machine body). The carrier 16 is wound around. In the present embodiment, the transport body 16 is constituted by a chain belt, and is arranged in a plurality of rows (four rows in this example) in the machine body width direction as shown in FIG.

  The crushing device 13 is provided on the main body frame 10 so as to face the front end portion of the feed conveyor 12. Although not particularly illustrated, the crushing device 13 includes a crushing rotor having a plurality of crushing bits attached to the outer peripheral portion, and hits the wood to be crushed sent by the feed conveyor 12 by rotating the crushing rotor at a high speed. The coarsely crushed wood pieces are collided with an anvil (collision plate) and further crushed by impact force. The piece of wood in the middle of crushing is refined as it circulates in the crushing chamber with the rotation of the crushing rotor, and crushes through the screen when the particle size becomes smaller than the screen eyes that constitute part of the wall surface in the crushing chamber. It is discharged from the device 13.

  The pressing roller device 14 is disposed so as to cover the upper portion of the crushing device 13. The pressing roller device 14 includes a pressing roller 17 located above the drive wheels of the feed conveyor 12 and an arm portion 18 that supports the pressing roller 17 so as to be swingable up and down. Thus, when the wood to be crushed is conveyed by the feed conveyor 12 toward the crushing device 13, the pressing roller 17 rides on the wood to be crushed, and the wood to be crushed is conveyed by the weight of the pressing roller 17. 16 is pressed. Therefore, the crushed wood is supplied to the crushing device 13 while being gripped by the pressing roller 17 and the feed conveyor 12, and the crushing reaction force is firmly received and an efficient crushing process is performed.

  The discharge conveyor 3 is supported at the discharge side (front side, left side in FIG. 1) by a support member 20 protruding from the power unit 4. The opposite side (rear side, right side in FIG. 1) is suspended from the main body frame 10 via the support member 21. Thereby, after passing the lower part of the power unit 4 from the lower part of the crushing apparatus 13, the discharge conveyor 3 is arrange | positioned by the upward inclination toward the front side of the body. Drive wheels and driven wheels (both not shown) are rotatably provided at both ends in the longitudinal direction of the frame 22 of the discharge conveyor 3, and conveyor belts (not shown) are provided on these drive wheels and driven wheels. Is wound. A drive unit (hydraulic motor for discharge conveyor) 23 is directly connected to the rotation shaft of the drive wheel, and the conveyor belt is driven to circulate between the drive wheel and the driven wheel by rotating the drive unit 23. The upper part of the conveyor belt is covered with a cover 24 fixed to the conveyor frame 22 to prevent the crushed wood on the conveyor belt from being scattered by wind or the like.

  The power unit 4 is mounted on one end in the longitudinal direction of the main body frame 10 (left side in FIG. 1) via a support member 25, and the other end of the power unit 4 in the longitudinal direction of the main body frame (rear side) ), The previous crushing device 13 is located. The power unit 4 includes an engine, a hydraulic pump driven by the engine, a control valve for controlling the flow of pressure oil from the hydraulic pump to each operating device, a tank for combustion and hydraulic oil, and a radiator for cooling engine cooling water. Air cleaner etc. are built in. Reference numeral 26 denotes a fuel filler port for a fuel tank (not shown) for storing engine fuel, and 27 is a filler port for a hydraulic oil tank (not shown) for storing hydraulic oil to be supplied to each driving device (hydraulic actuator). These oil supply ports 26 and 27 are located at positions closer to one side in the machine width direction of the power unit 4 (the left side of the machine body, the lower side in FIG. 2).

  In addition, a driver's seat 28 is provided in a compartment on the rear side of the power unit 4 and on the other side in the body width direction (the right side of the body, the upper side in FIG. 2). The driver's seat 28 has an operation lever for driving operation. 29 etc. are provided. A floor 30 is provided on the other side of the power unit 4 in the body width direction (right side of the body, upper side in FIG. 2) so as to be connected to the driver seat 28. Consideration is given to maintenance work of a radiator (not shown) built in the other side of the direction.

FIG. 4 is a side view showing the overall structure of the wood crusher according to the present embodiment with the cover 35 and the first work floor 36 (both described later) provided on one side in the machine width direction removed, and FIG. It is the perspective view which extracted and represented the unit of the apparatus 13 and the press roller apparatus 14. FIG. 4 and 5, the same parts as those in the previous drawings are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof is omitted.
As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, in the present embodiment, the driving device 31 that rotationally drives the crushing rotor of the crushing device 13 is arranged between the power device 4 and the crushing device 13 on one side in the width direction of the machine body ( 4 is disposed at substantially the same height as the rotating shaft (not shown) of the crushing rotor on the front side in the direction orthogonal to the paper surface in FIG. Reference numeral 32 denotes a pulley connected to the rotating shaft of the crushing rotor, and 33 denotes a pulley connected to the output shaft of the driving device 31, and a power transmission belt 34 is wound between the pulleys 32 and 33. In the present embodiment, since the output shaft of the driving device 31 and the rotating shaft of the crushing rotor are substantially the same height, the power transmission belt 34 is wound substantially horizontally. The power transmission belt 34 is located on one side of the machine body width direction (the front side in the direction perpendicular to the paper surface in FIG. 4), but this power transmission mechanism may be on the opposite side of the machine body.

  In FIG. 4, the removed state is illustrated, but in the present embodiment, the drive device 31 and the power transmission belt 34 are surrounded by the cover 35 as shown in FIG. An operator is prevented from touching the drive transmission belt 34. As shown in FIG. 3, the cover 35 is formed so that the upper surface is inclined downward toward the outer side in the body width direction, so that dust and crushed wood are not easily deposited on the upper part.

  Further, the upper surface of the portion of the cover 35 between the power unit 4 and the crushing unit 13 is notched somewhat, and a first work floor 36 is provided above the notch. The first work floor 36 is disposed on the side where the fuel filler ports 26 and 27 of the power unit 4 in the machine body width direction are provided. A second work floor 37 connected to the driver seat 28 and the rear of the work floor 30 is provided on the opposite side of the first work floor 36 from the machine body. On the first and second work floors 36 and 37, ladders 38 and 39 as access elevating means are suspended and fixed in consideration of rising and falling from the ground (or on the crawler belt 9). Fences 40 and 41 are disposed on the upper portions of 36 and 37 as safety considerations.

  The first and second work floors 36 and 37 are connected by a passage 42. The passage 42 is located between the power unit 4 and the crushing device 13 and faces the front wall portion of the crushing device 13 as shown in FIG. FIG. 5 illustrates a state in which the front wall portion of the crushing device 13 is removed. However, when the front wall portion is removed in this manner, the shear pin 43 disposed in the front portion of the crushing device 13 is exposed and the shear pin is exposed. 43 can be easily accessed from the passage 42. A rubber 44 covers the crushing chamber. Although not particularly illustrated, the anvil (collision plate) described above is fixed to a swingable support arm, and is retracted from the crushing chamber when an excessive impact is applied. The shear pin 43 is a part that always breaks in order to sway the arm and retract the anvil when excessive impact is applied to the anvil when the anvil is held in the crushing chamber under the reaction force of the support arm. is there.

Next, operation | movement and an effect | action of the wood crusher which concern on this Embodiment of the said structure are demonstrated one by one.
When the wood to be crushed is put into the hopper 11 with a grapple or the like, the wood to be crushed is placed on the feed conveyor 12 in the hopper 11 and is guided by the inner wall of the hopper 11 on the side of the machine body and circulated and driven by the carrier 16. It is conveyed toward the front of the machine. When the wood to be crushed is transported to the vicinity of the pressing roller device 14, the pressing roller 17 rides on the wood to be crushed, and the wood to be crushed on the feed conveyor 12 is pressed against the feeding conveyor 12 by the weight of the pressing roller device 14 and sent. It is introduced into the crushing chamber while being gripped by the conveyor 12 and the pressing roller 17. As a result, the crushed wood protrudes into the crushing chamber in a cantilever shape with the portion sandwiched between the pressing roller 17 and the feed conveyor 12 as a fulcrum, and the crushing bit of the crushing rotor that rotates at high speed collides with this protruding portion. It is roughly crushed. The coarsely crushed pieces of wood to be crushed go around as the crushing rotor rotates in the crushing chamber and collide with an anvil or the like, and are further crushed by the impact force. Thus, when a piece of wood is pulverized to a particle size that passes through a screen that forms part of the wall surface of the crushing chamber, the crushed wood (wood chip) passes through the screen and is discharged from the crushing device 13. . Then, the crushed wood discharged from the crushing device 13 falls on the conveyor belt of the discharge conveyor 3, and is further conveyed forward of the machine body and discharged out of the machine as a recycled product.

  Here, in such a wood crusher, the wood to be crushed is roughly crushed by the collision with the crushing bit of the crushing rotor that rotates at high speed, and the wood pieces that circulate with the rotation of the crushing rotor are turned into anvils and crushing bits. Since it crushes to a predetermined particle size by making it collide, a considerable impact is applied to the crushing rotor. Therefore, if the output shaft of the drive device 31 that drives the crushing rotor is directly connected to the rotation shaft of the crushing rotor, an impact is transmitted to the drive device 31, but in the present embodiment, the power transmission belt 34 is used. By transmitting the driving force of the driving device 31 to the crushing rotor, it is possible to prevent an impact from being directly transmitted to the driving device 31. And since the drive device 31 is made to adjoin immediately behind the power unit 4, the loss (pressure loss) of the motive power (pressure oil) supplied to the drive unit 31 which is a main operating device can be minimized. And energy efficiency can be kept good.

  At this time, in the present embodiment, since the drive device 31 is arranged at substantially the same height as the rotation shaft of the crushing rotor, the power transmission belt 34 is placed in the horizontal direction at substantially the same height position as the crushing rotor rotation shaft. Can be wound. Therefore, the first work floor 36 can be provided on the upper part of the power transmission mechanism including the driving device 31 and the power transmission belt 34. Thus, the passage 42 connecting the first work floor 36 and the second work floor 37 provided on the opposite side of the machine body is provided by effectively using the space created between the power unit 4 and the crushing device 13. Can do. In this embodiment, when the passage 42 can be moved back and forth between the first and second floors 36 and 37, the arrangement height of the driving device 31 is lowered to a height position similar to the rotation center of the crushing rotor. As a result, the drive device 31 and the power transmission belt 34 are positioned below the first work floor 36, so that they do not become an obstacle when moving between the first and second floors 36 and 37.

  As described above, in the present embodiment, the first and second floors 36 and 37 are provided on both sides of the machine body of the power unit 4 and the crushing unit 13, respectively, and further between the floors 36 and 37 through the passage 42. You can easily go back and forth. The passage 42 itself can also be used as a maintenance floor for the crushing device 13 and the power unit 4, and the working floors 30, 36, 37 around the power unit 4 and the crushing unit 13 including the passage 42 and the operation can be performed. You can move freely between the seats 28.

  Thus, for example, when the radiator or the operating lever 29 and its peripheral devices are maintained on the work floor 30 or the driver's seat 28 and then the operation shifts to the operation of supplying fuel or hydraulic oil through the fuel filler ports 26 and 27, etc. Even if it does not go down and go around to the opposite side, it can easily and safely move to the first work floor 36 through the second work floor 37 and the passage 42. In addition, when the shear pin 43 described above is broken, the passage 42 is accessed from the first work floor 36 or the second work floor 37 to replace the shear pin 43 which is a maintenance product, and the shear pin 43 can be easily replaced from the passage 42. can do. Of course, the passage 42 is highly convenient not only when the shear pin 43 is replaced, but also when the other crushing device 13 or the power unit 4 is maintained. Since the ladders 38 and 39 are provided on the first and second work floors 36 and 37, it is easy to access the first or second work floors 36 and 37 from the ground or the crawler belt 9, respectively.

  As described above, according to the present embodiment, a work space with high safety and convenience can be secured when the power unit 4 and the crushing unit 13 are maintained.

  In the present embodiment, it is necessary to cover the driving device 31 and the power transmission belt 34 in order to ensure the safety of the worker or the like standing on the first work floor 36. If fine wood pieces or dust that winds even if 34 is covered accumulates on top of it, this time, the cover must be cleaned and maintained.

  Therefore, in the present embodiment, by covering the driving device 31 and the power transmission belt 34 with the cover 35 whose upper surface is inclined downward toward the outer side in the body width direction, wood pieces and dust are accumulated on the cover 35. Can be prevented, and unnecessary maintenance work does not increase. The cover 35 and the first work floor 36 are partitioned by a fence 40 so that an operator cannot transfer from the first work floor 36 onto the cover 35. Thereby, when providing the cover 35, it is considered so that an operator may not approach the entrance of the hopper 11 or the crushing apparatus 13, and a worker's safety can be ensured.

  In the above, the case where the present invention is applied to a timber crusher capable of traveling on its own has been described as an example. Needless to say, the present invention may be applied to a portable wood crusher that can be transported in a portable manner, and a stationary wood crusher that is arranged as a fixed machine in a plant or the like.

It is a side view showing the whole structure of the wood crusher which concerns on one embodiment of this invention. It is a top view showing the whole structure of the wood crusher which concerns on one embodiment of this invention. It is the rear view seen from the back showing the whole structure of the wood crusher which concerns on one embodiment of this invention. It is a side view showing the whole structure of the wood crusher which concerns on one embodiment of this invention, Comprising: The cover and work floor which were provided in the body width direction one side are represented. It is the perspective view which extracted and represented the unit of the crushing apparatus and the press roller apparatus with which the wood crusher which concerns on one embodiment of this invention was equipped.

Explanation of symbols

4 Power Device 10 Body Frame 13 Crushing Device 31 Drive Device 32 Pulley 33 Pulley 34 Power Transmission Belt 35 Cover 36 First Work Floor 37 Second Work Floor 42 Passage

Claims (5)

Body frame,
A power unit provided on one side in the longitudinal direction of the main body frame;
A crushing device provided on the other side of the main body frame longitudinal direction of this power unit, and having a crushing rotor for crushing the wood to be crushed,
A driving device disposed between the crushing device and the power unit on one side in the width direction of the machine body at substantially the same height as the rotation shaft of the crushing rotor;
A power transmission belt wound around a pulley provided on an output shaft of the driving device and a rotating shaft of the crushing rotor, and located on one side in the body width direction;
A cover surrounding the power transmission belt and the driving device;
A wood crusher comprising a first work floor provided above the cover. A second work floor provided on the opposite side of the machine body of the first work floor;
The wood crusher according to claim 1, further comprising a passage provided so as to connect the first and second work floors between the power unit and the crushing device.   3. The wood crusher according to claim 1, wherein an upper surface of the cover is inclined downward toward the outer side in the body width direction.   The wood crusher according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the first work floor is disposed on a side where a fuel filler port of the power unit in a machine body width direction is provided.   The wood crusher according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein access lifting means is provided on the first work floor.

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