JP2006107969A - Cooling system for fc vehicle - Google Patents

Cooling system for fc vehicle Download PDF

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JP2006107969A
JP2006107969A JP2004294496A JP2004294496A JP2006107969A JP 2006107969 A JP2006107969 A JP 2006107969A JP 2004294496 A JP2004294496 A JP 2004294496A JP 2004294496 A JP2004294496 A JP 2004294496A JP 2006107969 A JP2006107969 A JP 2006107969A
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heat exchanger
vehicle
heat
cooling system
water
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Jun Hoshi
潤 星
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Toyota Motor Corp
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Toyota Motor Corp
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/00357—Air-conditioning arrangements specially adapted for particular vehicles
    • B60H1/00385—Air-conditioning arrangements specially adapted for particular vehicles for vehicles having an electrical drive, e.g. hybrid or fuel cell
    • B60H1/00392—Air-conditioning arrangements specially adapted for particular vehicles for vehicles having an electrical drive, e.g. hybrid or fuel cell for electric vehicles having only electric drive means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/32—Cooling devices
    • B60H1/3204—Cooling devices using compression
    • B60H1/3227—Cooling devices using compression characterised by the arrangement or the type of heat exchanger, e.g. condenser, evaporator
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/32—Cooling devices
    • B60H1/3233—Cooling devices characterised by condensed liquid drainage means
    • B60H1/32331—Cooling devices characterised by condensed liquid drainage means comprising means for the use of condensed liquid, e.g. for humidification or for improving condenser performance

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a cooling system for an FC vehicle having a plurality of heat exchangers and achieving at least one of: improvement in cooling capability of the heat exchangers; suppression of an increase in power of a fan; and effective utilization of generated water. <P>SOLUTION: (1) The cooling system for an FC vehicle sprays water onto at least one of a first heat exchanger 3 for heat dissipation of the fuel cell and a second heat exchanger 2 for air conditioning. A heat dissipation part of at least one of the first and second heat exchangers is inclined with respect to a direction horizontal to the longitudinal direction of the vehicle. Generated water of the fuel cell can be utilized as the above-mentioned water. (2) The heat dissipation part of the heat exchanger located backward is inclined with respect to the direction horizontal to the longitudinal direction of the vehicle. (3) The heat exchanger located backward is the first heat exchanger 3. (4) At least one of the first and second heat exchangers is of a side flow type, and a tube of the heat dissipation part is inclined with respect to the direction horizontal to the longitudinal direction of the vehicle. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

本発明はＦＣ車（燃料電池車）の冷却システム（冷却装置）に関する。   The present invention relates to a cooling system (cooling device) for an FC vehicle (fuel cell vehicle).

特開２００２−３７２３８５号公報は、燃料電池の生成水を噴霧方向に１段配置のライジエータに噴霧する冷却システムにおいて、ラジエータのフィンに傾斜をもたせ、噴霧水のラジエータ吹き抜けを抑制したものを開示している。
特開２００２−３７２３８５号公報 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2002-372385 discloses a cooling system in which water generated in a fuel cell is sprayed on a one-stage arranged radiator in a spraying direction so that the fins of the radiator are inclined to prevent spraying of the radiator water. ing.
JP 2002-372385 A

しかし、従来の冷却システムを、複数の熱交換器を備えた冷却システムに適用すると、つぎの課題が生じる。
（イ）従来冷却システムを風流れ方向に複数段に配置された熱交換器に単に適用すると、一部の熱交換器の冷却性がかえって低下する場合がある。たとえば、上流側の熱交換器のフィンを傾斜させると下流側の熱交換器に噴霧水が十分に当たらず、下流側の熱交換器の冷却性が低下する。
（ロ）冷却性を上げるために、風流れ方向に複数段に配置された複数の熱交換器の全熱交換器の全フィンに傾斜をつけると、風の流れ抵抗が上昇し、ファン動力が上昇し、燃費の悪化を招く。
（ハ）燃料電池で生成される水の量には限界があるため、生成水を有効に利用したいが、単にフィンに傾斜をつけるだけでは、必ずしも生成水の有効利用をはかることができない。 However, when the conventional cooling system is applied to a cooling system including a plurality of heat exchangers, the following problem occurs.
(A) If the conventional cooling system is simply applied to a heat exchanger arranged in a plurality of stages in the wind flow direction, the cooling performance of some heat exchangers may be lowered. For example, if the fins of the upstream heat exchanger are tilted, the spray water does not sufficiently hit the downstream heat exchanger, and the cooling performance of the downstream heat exchanger is reduced.
(B) In order to improve cooling performance, if all the fins of the total heat exchanger of multiple heat exchangers arranged in multiple stages in the wind flow direction are inclined, the flow resistance of the wind increases and the fan power The fuel consumption will increase and fuel consumption will deteriorate.
(C) Since there is a limit to the amount of water produced by the fuel cell, it is desired to use the produced water effectively. However, it is not always possible to effectively use the produced water simply by inclining the fins.

本発明の目的は、複数の熱交換器を備えた冷却システムにおいて、熱交換器の冷却性を向上させることができる、ファン動力の増大を抑制できる、生成水の有効利用をはかることができる、の少なくとも一つを達成できるＦＣ車の冷却システムを提供することにある。   An object of the present invention is to improve the cooling performance of a heat exchanger in a cooling system including a plurality of heat exchangers, suppress an increase in fan power, and can effectively use generated water. An object of the present invention is to provide an FC vehicle cooling system that can achieve at least one of the following.

上記課題を解決する、そして上記目的を達成する、本発明はつぎの通りである。
（１） 水を燃料電池放熱用の第１熱交換器と空調用の第２熱交換器との少なくとも一方に向けて噴霧するＦＣ車の冷却システムであって、第１熱交換器と第２熱交換器の何れか少なくとも一方の熱交換器の放熱部が車両前後方向に水平方向に対して傾斜しているＦＣ車の冷却システム。
（２） 前記噴霧する水が燃料電池の生成水である（１）記載のＦＣ車の冷却システム。
（３） 放熱部の傾斜は、フィンの傾斜、チューブの傾斜、熱交換器の搭載姿勢の傾斜、の何れか少なくとも一つからなる（１）記載のＦＣ車の冷却システム。
（４） 第１熱交換器と第２熱交換器とが車両前後方向に互いに前後して配置され、後方に配置された熱交換器の放熱部が車両前後方向に水平方向に対して傾斜している（１）記載のＦＣ車の冷却システム。
（５） 前記後方に配置された熱交換器は第１熱交換器である（４）記載のＦＣ車の冷却システム。
（６） 第１熱交換器と第２熱交換器との少なくとも一方の熱交換器はサイドフロータイプであり、該サイドフロータイプの熱交換器の放熱部のチューブが車両前後方向に水平方向に対して傾斜している（１）記載のＦＣ車の冷却システム。 The present invention for solving the above problems and achieving the above object is as follows.
(1) A cooling system for an FC vehicle that sprays water toward at least one of a first heat exchanger for radiating fuel cells and a second heat exchanger for air conditioning, the first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger A cooling system for an FC vehicle in which a heat radiating portion of at least one of the heat exchangers is inclined with respect to the horizontal direction in the vehicle front-rear direction.
(2) The FC vehicle cooling system according to (1), wherein the sprayed water is generated water of a fuel cell.
(3) The FC vehicle cooling system according to (1), wherein the inclination of the heat radiating section is at least one of fin inclination, tube inclination, and heat exchanger mounting attitude inclination.
(4) The first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger are arranged back and forth in the vehicle front-rear direction, and the heat dissipating part of the heat exchanger arranged rearward is inclined with respect to the horizontal direction in the vehicle front-rear direction. The FC vehicle cooling system according to (1).
(5) The FC vehicle cooling system according to (4), wherein the heat exchanger disposed at the rear is a first heat exchanger.
(6) At least one heat exchanger of the first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger is a side flow type, and a tube of a heat radiation portion of the side flow type heat exchanger is horizontally arranged in the vehicle front-rear direction. The cooling system for an FC vehicle according to (1), which is inclined with respect to the vehicle.

上記（１）のＦＣ車の冷却システムによれば、第１熱交換器と第２熱交換器の何れか少なくとも一方の熱交換器の放熱部が車両前後方向に水平方向に対して傾斜しているので、第１熱交換器と第２熱交換器の両方の放熱部が車両前後方向に水平である場合に比べて、噴霧された水の熱交換器通り抜けが抑制され、水の放熱部への付着量が増え、水の蒸発潜熱を利用して、熱交換器の冷却性を向上させることができる。
上記（２）のＦＣ車の冷却システムによれば、噴霧する水が燃料電池の生成水であるので、燃料電池の生成水を冷却システムに有効利用できる。
上記（３）のＦＣ車の冷却システムによれば、放熱部の傾斜は、フィンの傾斜、チューブの傾斜、熱交換器の搭載姿勢の傾斜、の何れか少なくとも一つからなるので、これらを適切に組み合わせることにより、たとえば、フィンの後ろ上がり傾斜とチューブの後ろ上がり傾斜の一方を、熱交換器の上部の後方への傾斜と組み合わせることにより、ファン動力の増大を抑制できる。
上記（４）のＦＣ車の冷却システムによれば、第１熱交換器と第２熱交換器とが車両前後方向に互いに前後して配置され、後方に配置された熱交換器の放熱部が車両前後方向に水平方向に対して傾斜しているので、前方に配置された熱交換器の冷却性を良好に維持したまま（他の熱交換器を通っていないため温められていない風が流れるため）、後方に配置された熱交換器の冷却性を向上できる（後方に配置された熱交換器に水が当たる量が増えるため）。
上記（５）のＦＣ車の冷却システムによれば、後方に配置された熱交換器は第１熱交換器（燃料電池放熱用熱交換器）であるため、低温を要求される第２熱交換器（空調用熱交換器）の冷却性を維持しつつ、第１熱交換器（燃料電池放熱用熱交換器）の冷却性を第１熱交換器の放熱部の傾斜によって向上させることができる。
上記（６）のＦＣ車の冷却システムによれば、第１熱交換器と第２熱交換器との少なくとも一方の熱交換器はサイドフロータイプであり、該サイドフロータイプの熱交換器の放熱部のチューブが車両前後方向に水平方向に対して傾斜しているので、サイドフロータイプの熱交換器の放熱部のチューブへの噴霧水の当たり量が増えるとともに風当たりも増して放熱量が増え、サイドフロータイプの熱交換器の冷却性を向上させることができる。 According to the cooling system for an FC vehicle of the above (1), the heat radiation part of at least one of the first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger is inclined with respect to the horizontal direction in the vehicle longitudinal direction. Therefore, compared with the case where the heat radiation parts of both the first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger are horizontal in the vehicle front-rear direction, passage of the sprayed water through the heat exchanger is suppressed, and the water heat radiation part The adhesion amount of water increases and the cooling ability of the heat exchanger can be improved by utilizing the latent heat of vaporization of water.
According to the cooling system of the FC vehicle of the above (2), since the water to be sprayed is generated water of the fuel cell, the generated water of the fuel cell can be effectively used for the cooling system.
According to the FC vehicle cooling system of (3) above, the inclination of the heat radiating section comprises at least one of the inclination of the fin, the inclination of the tube, and the inclination of the mounting posture of the heat exchanger. In combination with, for example, an increase in fan power can be suppressed by combining one of the fins rising rearward and the rearward rising inclinations of the tube with the rearward inclination of the upper portion of the heat exchanger.
According to the FC vehicle cooling system of (4) above, the first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger are arranged back and forth in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle, and the heat radiating part of the heat exchanger arranged at the rear is provided. Since the vehicle is inclined with respect to the horizontal direction in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle, the cooling performance of the heat exchanger arranged in front is maintained well (the wind that is not warmed because it does not pass through other heat exchangers flows) Therefore, the cooling performance of the heat exchanger arranged at the rear can be improved (because the amount of water hitting the heat exchanger arranged at the rear increases).
According to the FC vehicle cooling system of (5) above, since the heat exchanger arranged at the rear is the first heat exchanger (heat exchanger for radiating fuel cell), the second heat exchange requiring low temperature is required. The cooling performance of the first heat exchanger (heat exchanger for heat dissipation of the fuel cell) can be improved by the inclination of the heat radiating portion of the first heat exchanger while maintaining the cooling performance of the heat exchanger (heat exchanger for air conditioning). .
According to the cooling system for an FC vehicle of (6) above, at least one of the first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger is a side flow type, and the heat dissipation of the side flow type heat exchanger. Because the tube of the part is inclined with respect to the horizontal direction in the vehicle front-rear direction, the amount of sprayed water to the tube of the heat radiating part of the side flow type heat exchanger increases and the wind hit also increases, increasing the heat dissipation amount, The cooling performance of the side flow type heat exchanger can be improved.

以下に、本発明のＦＣ（燃料電池）車の冷却システムを図１〜図１０を参照して説明する。
図１〜図４は本発明の実施例１を示し、図５〜図７は本発明の実施例１を示し、図８は本発明の実施例１と実施例２に適用可能であり、図９、図１０は本発明の実施例３を示す。
図中、本発明の全実施例にわたって共通する構成部分には、本発明の全実施例にわたって同じ符号を付してある。 Hereinafter, a cooling system for an FC (fuel cell) vehicle according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
1 to 4 show Embodiment 1 of the present invention, FIGS. 5 to 7 show Embodiment 1 of the present invention, and FIG. 8 is applicable to Embodiments 1 and 2 of the present invention. 9 and 10 show Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
In the figure, components common to all the embodiments of the present invention are denoted by the same reference numerals throughout all the embodiments of the present invention.

まず、本発明の全実施例にわたって共通する構成部分とその作用・効果を、たとえば図１〜図４を参照して、説明する。
本発明のＦＣ車の冷却システムは、水を燃料電池放熱用（燃料電池およびＥＶ系（たとえば車輪駆動用モータ、インバータ９を含む）の放熱用）の第１熱交換器３と空調用の第２熱交換器２との少なくとも一方に向けて噴霧する水噴射装置１を備えている。水噴射装置１の少なくとも一部１ａ（全部でもよい）は、第１熱交換器３、第２熱交換器２の前方に設けられており、残りの部分１ｂは、第１熱交換器３と第２熱交換器２を車両前後方向に配置した場合に後ろ側の熱交換器３の前方で前側の熱交換器２の上側に設けられている。水噴射装置１はそれより後ろ側の熱交換器に向けて燃料電池５の水を噴射する。熱交換器２、３の後方には冷却ファンおよびモータ４が配置され、前方からの風を吸引して後方へと流す。これらの部品１、２、３、４、５はエンジン車のエンジンコンパートメントに対応する空間に配置されている。車両走行中には、グリル８から入った風が第１熱交換器３、第２熱交換器２を通過し、熱交換器を冷却し、車両床下へと抜ける。水噴射装置１から噴射された水は、熱交換機２、３の放熱部に当たり、水の蒸発潜熱を利用して、効果的に熱交換器を冷却する。
水噴射装置１から噴射される水には、燃料電池５の生成水を使用することができる。ただし、水噴射装置１から噴射される水は、燃料電池５の生成水に限るものではなく、空調用のエアコンコンデンサからの凝縮水などを使用してもよい。 First, constituent parts common to all the embodiments of the present invention and their operations and effects will be described with reference to FIGS.
The FC vehicle cooling system according to the present invention uses water for heat radiation of a fuel cell (for heat radiation of a fuel cell and an EV system (for example, a motor for driving a wheel and an inverter 9)) and a first heat exchanger 3 for air conditioning. The water injection device 1 that sprays toward at least one of the two heat exchangers 2 is provided. At least a part 1 a (or all) of the water injection device 1 is provided in front of the first heat exchanger 3 and the second heat exchanger 2, and the remaining part 1 b is connected to the first heat exchanger 3. When the second heat exchanger 2 is arranged in the vehicle front-rear direction, the second heat exchanger 2 is provided in front of the rear heat exchanger 3 and above the front heat exchanger 2. The water injection device 1 injects water from the fuel cell 5 toward the heat exchanger behind it. A cooling fan and a motor 4 are arranged behind the heat exchangers 2 and 3 to suck the wind from the front and flow it backward. These parts 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 are arranged in a space corresponding to the engine compartment of the engine vehicle. While the vehicle is running, the wind entering from the grill 8 passes through the first heat exchanger 3 and the second heat exchanger 2, cools the heat exchanger, and exits under the vehicle floor. The water jetted from the water jetting device 1 hits the heat radiating part of the heat exchangers 2 and 3 and effectively cools the heat exchanger using the latent heat of vaporization of the water.
Water generated from the fuel cell 5 can be used as water injected from the water injection device 1. However, the water injected from the water injection device 1 is not limited to the generated water of the fuel cell 5, and condensed water from an air conditioning condenser for air conditioning may be used.

第１熱交換器３と第２熱交換器２の何れか少なくとも一方の熱交換器２および／または３の放熱部（チューブ６とフィン（伝熱フィン）７を含む部分）は車両前後方向に水平方向（水平方向は熱交換器直前の風の流れ方向でもある）に対して傾斜している。   At least one of the first heat exchanger 3 and the second heat exchanger 2 and / or the heat dissipating part of the heat exchanger 2 and / or 3 (portion including the tube 6 and fins (heat transfer fins) 7) are arranged in the vehicle longitudinal direction. It is inclined with respect to the horizontal direction (the horizontal direction is also the flow direction of the wind immediately before the heat exchanger).

熱交換器の放熱部の傾斜は、フィン７の車両前後方向の水平方向からの傾斜、チューブ６の車両前後方向の水平方向からの傾斜、熱交換器の搭載姿勢の傾斜（鉛直方向に対してなす搭載角度θ、熱交換器上部の車両後方への倒れ角度θ1 ）、の何れか少なくとも一つからなる。
熱交換器の放熱部の傾斜は、フィン７の傾斜またはチューブ６の傾斜と、熱交換器の搭載姿勢の傾斜との組み合わせであってもよい。 The inclination of the heat radiating part of the heat exchanger is the inclination of the fin 7 from the horizontal direction in the vehicle front-rear direction, the inclination of the tube 6 from the horizontal direction in the vehicle front-rear direction, the inclination of the mounting posture of the heat exchanger (relative to the vertical direction). At least one of a mounting angle θ and a tilt angle θ 1 ) of the upper part of the heat exchanger toward the rear of the vehicle.
The inclination of the heat radiating part of the heat exchanger may be a combination of the inclination of the fin 7 or the inclination of the tube 6 and the inclination of the mounting posture of the heat exchanger.

第１熱交換器３と第２熱交換器２とが車両前後方向に互いに前後して配置されている場合には、後方に配置された熱交換器３の放熱部が車両前後方向に水平方向に対して角度θ1 傾斜しているか、後方に配置された熱交換器３の放熱部の水平からの傾斜角度の方が前方に配置された熱交換器２の放熱部の水平からの傾斜角度より大であり噴射水の少なくとも一部が前方に配置された熱交換器２の放熱部を通り抜けることができるようにすることが望ましい。 In the case where the first heat exchanger 3 and the second heat exchanger 2 are arranged back and forth in the vehicle front-rear direction, the heat radiating portion of the heat exchanger 3 arranged rearward is horizontal in the vehicle front-rear direction. The inclination angle from the horizontal of the heat radiating part of the heat exchanger 3 arranged at the rear or the inclination angle from the horizontal of the heat radiating part of the heat exchanger 2 arranged at the front is inclined with respect to the angle θ 1 It is desirable that at least a part of the jet water is larger and can pass through the heat dissipating part of the heat exchanger 2 disposed in front.

第１熱交換器３と第２熱交換器２とが車両前後方向に互いに前後して配置されている場合には、第２熱交換器２（空調用熱交換器）の冷却風温度の方が第１熱交換器３の冷却風温度の方が低いことが要求されるので、第２熱交換器２を第１熱交換器３よりも前方に配置し、後方に配置された熱交換器が第１熱交換器３であるようにする。   When the first heat exchanger 3 and the second heat exchanger 2 are arranged back and forth in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle, the cooling air temperature of the second heat exchanger 2 (heat exchanger for air conditioning) However, since the cooling air temperature of the first heat exchanger 3 is required to be lower, the second heat exchanger 2 is disposed in front of the first heat exchanger 3 and the heat exchanger disposed in the rear. Is the first heat exchanger 3.

第１熱交換器３と第２熱交換器２との少なくとも一方の熱交換器はサイドフロータイプであり、該サイドフロータイプの熱交換器の放熱部のチューブ６が車両前後方向に水平方向に対して傾斜していてもよい。   At least one of the first heat exchanger 3 and the second heat exchanger 2 is a side flow type, and the tube 6 of the heat radiating portion of the side flow type heat exchanger is horizontally oriented in the vehicle longitudinal direction. It may be inclined with respect to.

本発明の全実施例に共通な構成部分の作用・効果はつぎの通りである。
熱交換器２および／または３の放熱部が車両前後方向に水平方向に対して傾斜しているので、フィン角度（ラジエータ搭載角度でもよい）とフィンの風当たり面積上昇率との関係を示す図８から分かるように、風流れが当たるフィン面積を向上でき、水噴射装置１から噴射された水をトラップしやすくなり、熱交換器の放熱部に当たることなく熱交換器のフィンとフィンとの間を通り抜ける水量を低減させることができる。噴射水が放熱部に当たってトラップされる量が増えることによって、水の潜熱を利用して熱交換器の冷却性を向上させ、噴射水の熱交換器吹き抜けが減少する分、水の有効利用をはかることができる。
また、水噴射装置１から噴射される水に、燃料電池５の生成水を使用すると、従来は捨てていた燃料電池５の生成水を熱交換器の冷却に有効利用することができる。 The operations and effects of the components common to all the embodiments of the present invention are as follows.
Since the heat radiating part of the heat exchangers 2 and / or 3 is inclined in the vehicle longitudinal direction with respect to the horizontal direction, FIG. As can be seen from the figure, it is possible to improve the fin area that the wind flow hits, trap the water jetted from the water jetting device 1, and prevent the heat exchanger fin from passing between the fins of the heat exchanger without hitting the heat radiating part. The amount of water passing through can be reduced. Increasing the amount of jet water that is trapped by hitting the heat dissipation part improves the cooling performance of the heat exchanger by using the latent heat of water, and makes effective use of water by reducing the heat exchanger blow-through of the jet water be able to.
In addition, when the water generated from the fuel cell 5 is used as the water injected from the water injection device 1, the water generated from the fuel cell 5 that has been thrown away can be effectively used for cooling the heat exchanger.

熱交換器の放熱部の傾斜は、フィン７の傾斜またはチューブ６の傾斜と、熱交換器の搭載姿勢の傾斜との組み合わせであってもよい。
たとえば、フィン７の傾斜またはチューブ６の傾斜を後ろ上がりの傾斜とし（水平方向からの傾斜角度θ）、熱交換器を上部が車両後方に倒れるように鉛直方向から角度θ1 傾斜させると、フィン７の水平方向からの傾斜またはチューブ６の水平方向からの傾斜が、θ1 −θとなり、フィン７またはチューブ６を通り抜ける風の流れ抵抗は、フィン７またはチューブ６が後ろ上がりに角度θ1 傾斜し熱交換器が鉛直方向姿勢をとる場合の風の流れ抵抗に比べて、減少する。これによって、ファン動力を軽減できる。 The inclination of the heat radiating part of the heat exchanger may be a combination of the inclination of the fin 7 or the inclination of the tube 6 and the inclination of the mounting posture of the heat exchanger.
For example, if the inclination of the fin 7 or the inclination of the tube 6 is an upward inclination (inclination angle θ from the horizontal direction) and the heat exchanger is inclined at an angle θ 1 from the vertical direction so that the upper part falls down to the rear of the vehicle, the fin 7 from the horizontal direction or the horizontal direction of the tube 6 is θ 1 −θ, and the flow resistance of the wind passing through the fin 7 or the tube 6 is inclined by the angle θ 1 so that the fin 7 or the tube 6 rises backward. However, it decreases compared to the wind flow resistance when the heat exchanger takes a vertical posture. Thereby, fan power can be reduced.

第１熱交換器３と第２熱交換器２とが車両前後方向に互いに前後して配置されている場合で、後方に配置された熱交換器３の放熱部が車両前後方向に水平方向に対して角度θ1 傾斜しているか（前方配置の熱交換器２の放熱部のフィンは水平）、後方に配置された熱交換器３の放熱部の水平からの傾斜角度の方が前方に配置された熱交換器２の放熱部の水平からの傾斜角度より大である場合は、水噴射装置１から噴射された水のうち少なくとも一部の水は前方に配置された熱交換器２を通り抜けて後方に配置された熱交換器３の放熱部に当たり、前方に配置された熱交換器２の冷却性を良好に維持したまま、後方に配置された熱交換器３の冷却性も向上させることができる。 In the case where the first heat exchanger 3 and the second heat exchanger 2 are arranged back and forth in the vehicle front-rear direction, the heat dissipating part of the heat exchanger 3 arranged rearward is horizontally in the vehicle front-rear direction. It is inclined at an angle θ 1 (the fin of the heat dissipating part of the heat exchanger 2 arranged in the front is horizontal) or the inclination angle from the horizontal of the heat dissipating part of the heat exchanger 3 arranged in the rear is arranged in the front. When it is larger than the horizontal inclination angle of the heat radiating part of the heat exchanger 2, at least a part of the water jetted from the water jetting device 1 passes through the heat exchanger 2 arranged forward. The cooling performance of the heat exchanger 3 disposed in the rear is improved while the cooling performance of the heat exchanger 2 disposed in the front is favorably maintained while hitting the heat radiation portion of the heat exchanger 3 disposed in the rear. Can do.

第１熱交換器３と第２熱交換器２とが車両前後方向に互いに前後して配置されている場合で、第２熱交換器２を第１熱交換器３よりも前方に配置し、後方に配置された熱交換器が第１熱交換器３であるようにした場合は、前方配置の空調用熱交換器２に温められていない走行風を当てて、前方に配置された熱交換器２の冷却性を良好に維持したまま、噴射水の少なくとも一部を熱交換器２の放熱部を通過させて後方配置の熱交換器３に当てることにより後方に配置された熱交換器３の冷却性も向上させることができる。   When the first heat exchanger 3 and the second heat exchanger 2 are arranged back and forth in the vehicle front-rear direction, the second heat exchanger 2 is arranged in front of the first heat exchanger 3, When the heat exchanger arranged at the rear is the first heat exchanger 3, the heat exchange arranged at the front by applying unheated traveling wind to the heat exchanger 2 for air conditioning arranged at the front. The heat exchanger 3 disposed rearward by passing at least part of the jet water through the heat radiating portion of the heat exchanger 2 and hitting the rear heat exchanger 3 while maintaining the cooling performance of the cooler 2 well. The cooling property can also be improved.

第１熱交換器３と第２熱交換器２との少なくとも一方の熱交換器はサイドフロータイプとし、該サイドフロータイプの熱交換器の放熱部のチューブ６を車両前後方向に水平方向に対して傾斜させた場合は、チューブ６を冷却でき（フィン７を冷却する場合に比べて、より直接的にチューブ６内を通過する冷媒を冷却でき）、かつチューブ６の走行風当たり面積を増大させることができる。   At least one of the first heat exchanger 3 and the second heat exchanger 2 is a side flow type, and the tube 6 of the heat radiating portion of the side flow type heat exchanger is horizontally oriented in the vehicle longitudinal direction. The tube 6 can be cooled (the refrigerant passing through the tube 6 can be cooled more directly than when the fins 7 are cooled), and the area of the tube 6 per running wind can be increased. Can do.

つぎに、本発明の各実施例に特有な構成部分と、その作用・効果を説明する。
本発明の実施例１では、図１〜図４に示すように、燃料電池放熱用の第１熱交換器３と空調用の第２熱交換器２が車両前後方向に互いに前後して配置されており、空調用の第２熱交換器２が前に配置されその後ろに燃料電池放熱用の第１熱交換器３が配置されている。冷却ファンおよびファン駆動モータ４は燃料電池放熱用の第１熱交換器３の後方に配置されている。水噴射装置１の一部１ａは空調用の第２熱交換器２の前方に配置され、水噴射装置１の残りの部分１ｂは空調用の第２熱交換器２の上方で燃料電池放熱用の第１熱交換器３の前方に配置されている。
燃料電池放熱用の第１熱交換器３は、チューブ６が上下方向に延びていて冷媒は上下方向に流れる。燃料電池放熱用の第１熱交換器３のフィン７は車両前後方向に水平方向に対して後ろ上がりに、角度θ1 、傾斜している。空調用の第２熱交換器２のフィン７は、車両前後方向に、水平方向に延びているか、または、水平方向から後ろ上がりに傾斜している。ただし、第２熱交換器２のフィン７が傾斜している場合には、第２熱交換器２のフィン７の傾斜角度は第１熱交換器３のフィン７の傾斜角度より小である。
第１熱交換器３と第２熱交換器２は平行であるが、鉛直方向から、角度θ、上部が車両後方に倒れるように、傾斜していてもよい。図４は、傾斜している場合を示す。 Next, components unique to each embodiment of the present invention, and its operation and effects will be described.
In Example 1 of this invention, as shown in FIGS. 1-4, the 1st heat exchanger 3 for fuel cell heat radiation and the 2nd heat exchanger 2 for air conditioning are arrange | positioned mutually back and forth in the vehicle front-back direction. The second heat exchanger 2 for air conditioning is arranged in front, and the first heat exchanger 3 for heat radiation of the fuel cell is arranged behind it. The cooling fan and the fan drive motor 4 are arranged behind the first heat exchanger 3 for radiating the fuel cell. A portion 1a of the water injection device 1 is disposed in front of the second heat exchanger 2 for air conditioning, and the remaining portion 1b of the water injection device 1 is used for heat dissipation of the fuel cell above the second heat exchanger 2 for air conditioning. The first heat exchanger 3 is disposed in front of the first heat exchanger 3.
In the first heat exchanger 3 for radiating the fuel cell, the tube 6 extends in the vertical direction, and the refrigerant flows in the vertical direction. The fins 7 of the first heat exchanger 3 for heat radiation of the fuel cell are inclined rearward and upward at an angle θ 1 with respect to the horizontal direction in the vehicle longitudinal direction. The fins 7 of the second heat exchanger 2 for air conditioning extend in the horizontal direction in the vehicle front-rear direction or incline backward from the horizontal direction. However, when the fins 7 of the second heat exchanger 2 are inclined, the inclination angle of the fins 7 of the second heat exchanger 2 is smaller than the inclination angle of the fins 7 of the first heat exchanger 3.
Although the 1st heat exchanger 3 and the 2nd heat exchanger 2 are parallel, you may incline so that angle (theta) and an upper part may fall to a vehicle rear from a perpendicular direction. FIG. 4 shows the case of tilting.

本発明の実施例１の作用・効果については、第１熱交換器３のフィン７が後ろ上がりに傾斜しているので、第１の熱交換器３による水トラップ率（水捕捉率）が増え、水が熱交換器３上で滞留・蒸発する量が増え、第１熱交換器３の熱交換性能が上昇する。第２熱交換器２は第１熱交換器３より前に配置されているため、温まっていない走行風を受けることができる他、噴射水も当たりやすく、高い冷却性能が維持される。
図４のように第１熱交換器３と第２熱交換器２を鉛直方向から傾斜させると、通通抵抗の増大代が低減する。
また、水を噴射することにより、熱交換器２、３上についたほこりやごみを洗浄することができる。 Regarding the operation and effect of the first embodiment of the present invention, since the fins 7 of the first heat exchanger 3 are inclined backward and upward, the water trap rate (water capture rate) by the first heat exchanger 3 is increased. The amount of water that stays and evaporates on the heat exchanger 3 increases, and the heat exchange performance of the first heat exchanger 3 increases. Since the 2nd heat exchanger 2 is arrange | positioned before the 1st heat exchanger 3, besides being able to receive the running wind which is not warmed, it is easy to hit spray water and high cooling performance is maintained.
If the 1st heat exchanger 3 and the 2nd heat exchanger 2 are inclined from a perpendicular direction like FIG. 4, the increase margin of a through resistance will reduce.
Moreover, the dust and garbage which adhered on the heat exchangers 2 and 3 can be wash | cleaned by injecting water.

本発明の実施例２では、図５〜図７に示すように、燃料電池放熱用の第１熱交換器３と空調用の第２熱交換器２が車両前後方向に互いに前後して配置されており、空調用の第２熱交換器２が前に配置されその後ろに燃料電池放熱用の第１熱交換器３が配置されている。冷却ファンおよびファン駆動モータ４は燃料電池放熱用の第１熱交換器３の後方に配置されている。水噴射装置１の全部が空調用の第２熱交換器２の前方に配置されている。
燃料電池放熱用の第１熱交換器３は、チューブ６が上下方向に延びていて冷媒はダウンフローであり、フィン７が車両前後方向に水平方向に対して後ろ上がりに、角度θ1 、傾斜している。空調用の第２熱交換器２のフィン７は、車両前後方向に、水平方向に延びているか、または、水平方向から後ろ上がりに傾斜している。ただし、第２熱交換器２のフィン７が傾斜している場合には、第２熱交換器２のフィン７の傾斜角度は第１熱交換器３のフィン７の傾斜角度より小である。
第１熱交換器３と第２熱交換器２は平行であるが、鉛直方向から、角度θ、上部が車両後方に倒れるように、傾斜していてもよい。 In the second embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIGS. 5 to 7, the first heat exchanger 3 for radiating the fuel cell and the second heat exchanger 2 for air conditioning are arranged back and forth in the vehicle longitudinal direction. The second heat exchanger 2 for air conditioning is arranged in front, and the first heat exchanger 3 for heat radiation of the fuel cell is arranged behind it. The cooling fan and the fan drive motor 4 are disposed behind the first heat exchanger 3 for radiating the fuel cell. The entire water injection device 1 is arranged in front of the second heat exchanger 2 for air conditioning.
In the first heat exchanger 3 for radiating fuel cells, the tube 6 extends in the vertical direction, the refrigerant is in a down flow, and the fins 7 are inclined rearward with respect to the horizontal direction in the vehicle front-rear direction at an angle θ 1 . is doing. The fins 7 of the second heat exchanger 2 for air conditioning extend in the horizontal direction in the vehicle front-rear direction or incline backward from the horizontal direction. However, when the fins 7 of the second heat exchanger 2 are inclined, the inclination angle of the fins 7 of the second heat exchanger 2 is smaller than the inclination angle of the fins 7 of the first heat exchanger 3.
Although the 1st heat exchanger 3 and the 2nd heat exchanger 2 are parallel, you may incline so that angle (theta) and an upper part may fall to a vehicle rear from a perpendicular direction.

本発明の実施例２の作用・効果については、第１熱交換器３のフィン７が後ろ上がりに傾斜しているので、第１の熱交換器３による水トラップ率（水捕捉率）が増え、水が熱交換器３上で滞留・蒸発する量が増え、第１熱交換器３の熱交換性能が上昇する。第２熱交換器２は第１熱交換器３より前に配置されているため、温まっていない走行風を受けることができる他、噴射水も当たりやすく、高い冷却性能が維持される。
第１熱交換器３と第２熱交換器２を鉛直方向から傾斜させると、通通抵抗の増大代が低減する。
また、水を噴射することにより、熱交換器２、３上についたほこりやごみを洗浄することができる。 Regarding the operation and effect of the second embodiment of the present invention, since the fins 7 of the first heat exchanger 3 are inclined backward and upward, the water trap rate (water capture rate) by the first heat exchanger 3 is increased. The amount of water that stays and evaporates on the heat exchanger 3 increases, and the heat exchange performance of the first heat exchanger 3 increases. Since the 2nd heat exchanger 2 is arrange | positioned before the 1st heat exchanger 3, besides being able to receive the running wind which is not warmed, it is easy to hit spray water and high cooling performance is maintained.
When the first heat exchanger 3 and the second heat exchanger 2 are tilted from the vertical direction, an increase in the passage resistance is reduced.
Moreover, the dust and garbage which adhered on the heat exchangers 2 and 3 can be wash | cleaned by injecting water.

本発明の実施例３では、図９〜図１０に示すように、実施例１、２において前側に配置される第２熱交換器２が空調用のコンデンサ、またはクロスフローラジエータで、チューブ６が車両左右方向に水平方向に延びており、冷媒は水平方向に流れる。第２熱交換器２のチューブ６は、車両前後方向には、後ろ上がりとなるように水平方向から傾斜されている。   In Example 3 of the present invention, as shown in FIGS. 9 to 10, the second heat exchanger 2 disposed on the front side in Examples 1 and 2 is a condenser for air conditioning or a cross flow radiator, and the tube 6 is The vehicle extends horizontally in the left-right direction of the vehicle, and the refrigerant flows in the horizontal direction. The tube 6 of the second heat exchanger 2 is inclined from the horizontal direction so as to rise rearward in the vehicle longitudinal direction.

本発明の実施例３の作用・効果については、第２熱交換器２の放熱部のチューブ６が後ろ上がりに傾斜しているので、第２熱交換器２による水トラップ率（水捕捉率）が増え、水が熱交換器２上で滞留・蒸発する量が増え、第２熱交換器２の熱交換性能が上昇する。   About the effect | action and effect of Example 3 of this invention, since the tube 6 of the thermal radiation part of the 2nd heat exchanger 2 inclines back up, the water trap rate (water capture rate) by the 2nd heat exchanger 2 Increases, the amount of water staying and evaporating on the heat exchanger 2 increases, and the heat exchange performance of the second heat exchanger 2 increases.

本発明の実施例１のＦＣ車の冷却システムの車両側方から見た概略断面図である。It is the schematic sectional drawing seen from the vehicle side of the cooling system of FC car of Example 1 of the present invention. 本発明の実施例１のＦＣ車の冷却システムの第１熱交換器の車両前方から見た斜視図である。It is the perspective view seen from the vehicle front of the 1st heat exchanger of the cooling system of FC vehicles of Example 1 of the present invention. 本発明の実施例１のＦＣ車の冷却システムの第１熱交換器の一部の拡大斜視図である。It is a one part enlarged perspective view of the 1st heat exchanger of the cooling system of FC car of Example 1 of the present invention. 本発明の実施例１のＦＣ車の冷却システムの、第１、第２熱交換器を鉛直方向から傾斜させた場合の、車両側方から見た概略断面図である。It is the schematic sectional drawing seen from the vehicle side when the 1st, 2nd heat exchanger is inclined from the perpendicular direction of the cooling system of FC car of Example 1 of the present invention. 本発明の実施例２のＦＣ車の冷却システムの車両側方から見た概略断面図である。It is the schematic sectional drawing seen from the vehicle side of the cooling system of FC car of Example 2 of the present invention. 本発明の実施例２のＦＣ車の冷却システムの第１熱交換器の車両前方から見た斜視図である。It is the perspective view seen from the vehicle front of the 1st heat exchanger of the cooling system of FC car of Example 2 of the present invention. 本発明の実施例２のＦＣ車の冷却システムの第１熱交換器の一部の拡大斜視図である。It is a one part enlarged perspective view of the 1st heat exchanger of the cooling system of FC car of Example 2 of the present invention. 本発明の実施例１、２におけるフィン角度またはラジエータ搭載角度対面積向上率（％）のグラフである。It is a graph of the fin angle in Example 1, 2 of this invention or a radiator mounting angle versus area improvement rate (%). 本発明の実施例３のＦＣ車の冷却システムの空調用の第２熱交換器の車両前方から見た概略正面図である。It is the schematic front view seen from the vehicle front of the 2nd heat exchanger for air conditioning of the cooling system of FC car of Example 3 of the present invention. 本発明の実施例３のＦＣ車の冷却システムの第２熱交換器の一部の車両前方から見た拡大斜視図である。It is the expansion perspective view seen from the vehicles front of a part of 2nd heat exchanger of the cooling system of FC car of Example 3 of the present invention.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

１ 水噴射装置
１ａ 水噴射装置の一部
１ｂ 水噴射装置の残りの部分
２ 第２熱交換器
３ 第１熱交換器
４ 冷却ファンおよびファン駆動モータ
５ 燃料電池
６ チューブ
７ フィン
８ グリル
９ インバータ DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Water injection apparatus 1a Water injection apparatus part 1b Water injection apparatus remaining part 2 2nd heat exchanger 3 1st heat exchanger 4 Cooling fan and fan drive motor 5 Fuel cell 6 Tube 7 Fin 8 Grill 9 Inverter

Claims (6)

水を燃料電池放熱用の第１熱交換器と空調用の第２熱交換器との少なくとも一方に向けて噴霧するＦＣ車の冷却システムであって、第１熱交換器と第２熱交換器の何れか少なくとも一方の熱交換器の放熱部が車両前後方向に水平方向に対して傾斜しているＦＣ車の冷却システム。   An FC vehicle cooling system that sprays water toward at least one of a first heat exchanger for radiating fuel cells and a second heat exchanger for air conditioning, the first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger A cooling system for an FC vehicle in which a heat dissipating part of at least one of the heat exchangers is inclined with respect to a horizontal direction in a vehicle longitudinal direction. 前記噴霧する水が燃料電池の生成水である請求項１記載のＦＣ車の冷却システム。   The FC vehicle cooling system according to claim 1, wherein the water to be sprayed is generated water of a fuel cell. 放熱部の傾斜は、フィンの傾斜、チューブの傾斜、熱交換器の搭載姿勢の傾斜、の何れか少なくとも一つからなる請求項１記載のＦＣ車の冷却システム。   The FC vehicle cooling system according to claim 1, wherein the inclination of the heat radiating portion is at least one of a fin inclination, a tube inclination, and a heat exchanger mounting attitude inclination. 第１熱交換器と第２熱交換器とが車両前後方向に互いに前後して配置され、後方に配置された熱交換器の放熱部が車両前後方向に水平方向に対して傾斜している請求項１記載のＦＣ車の冷却システム。   The first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger are arranged back and forth in the vehicle front-rear direction, and the heat dissipating part of the heat exchanger arranged rearward is inclined with respect to the horizontal direction in the vehicle front-rear direction. Item 1. The cooling system for FC vehicles according to Item 1. 前記後方に配置された熱交換器は第１熱交換器である請求項４記載のＦＣ車の冷却システム。   The FC vehicle cooling system according to claim 4, wherein the heat exchanger disposed at the rear is a first heat exchanger. 第１熱交換器と第２熱交換器との少なくとも一方の熱交換器はサイドフロータイプであり、該サイドフロータイプの熱交換器の放熱部のチューブが車両前後方向に水平方向に対して傾斜している請求項１記載のＦＣ車の冷却システム。   At least one of the first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger is a side flow type, and a tube of a heat radiating portion of the side flow type heat exchanger is inclined in the vehicle longitudinal direction with respect to the horizontal direction. The cooling system for an FC vehicle according to claim 1.
JP2004294496A 2004-10-07 2004-10-07 Cooling system for fc vehicle Withdrawn JP2006107969A (en)

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Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2009090793A (en) * 2007-10-06 2009-04-30 Masahiro Watanabe Cooling apparatus for moving body
JP2013074214A (en) * 2011-09-28 2013-04-22 Fuji Electric Co Ltd Power semiconductor cooling device
CN103089758A (en) * 2013-01-30 2013-05-08 三一重机有限公司 Engineering machine and hydraulic oil cooling system thereof
JP2013121237A (en) * 2011-12-07 2013-06-17 Denso Corp Device for cooling power equipment of electric vehicle
JP2013142300A (en) * 2012-01-10 2013-07-22 Mitsubishi Motors Corp Cooling system of vehicle
US20180277869A1 (en) * 2017-03-27 2018-09-27 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Fuel cell system
JP2019151198A (en) * 2018-03-02 2019-09-12 トヨタ自動車株式会社 Vehicle cooling device
WO2021134480A1 (en) * 2019-12-31 2021-07-08 湖南联诚轨道装备有限公司 Cooling device

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2009090793A (en) * 2007-10-06 2009-04-30 Masahiro Watanabe Cooling apparatus for moving body
JP2013074214A (en) * 2011-09-28 2013-04-22 Fuji Electric Co Ltd Power semiconductor cooling device
JP2013121237A (en) * 2011-12-07 2013-06-17 Denso Corp Device for cooling power equipment of electric vehicle
JP2013142300A (en) * 2012-01-10 2013-07-22 Mitsubishi Motors Corp Cooling system of vehicle
CN103089758A (en) * 2013-01-30 2013-05-08 三一重机有限公司 Engineering machine and hydraulic oil cooling system thereof
US20180277869A1 (en) * 2017-03-27 2018-09-27 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Fuel cell system
US10707505B2 (en) * 2017-03-27 2020-07-07 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Fuel cell system
JP2019151198A (en) * 2018-03-02 2019-09-12 トヨタ自動車株式会社 Vehicle cooling device
JP7010063B2 (en) 2018-03-02 2022-01-26 トヨタ自動車株式会社 Vehicle cooling system
WO2021134480A1 (en) * 2019-12-31 2021-07-08 湖南联诚轨道装备有限公司 Cooling device

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