JP2006100239A - Fuel cell system - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a fuel cell system capable of restraining produced water from preferentially flowing in a specific region of an entrance-side surface of an impurity remover, and of efficiently using the entire impurity remover. <P>SOLUTION: This fuel cell system 1 is so structured that an ion-exchange resin member 20 as an impurity remover for removing impurities mixed in a fluid F, which is discharged from a fuel cell 100, is provided in a discharge path in which the fluid F passes; and on the upstream side of the ion-exchange resin member 20, a dispersion means for causing the fluid F to disperse and flow into an entrance side surface 21 of the ion-exchange resin member 20 is provided. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a fuel cell system, and more particularly to a fuel cell system having an exhaust gas passage through which exhaust gas discharged from the fuel cell flows.

  Conventionally, in a fuel cell system including a fuel cell, not all supplied hydrogen is used for a cell reaction. Therefore, a circulation system is used in which the discharged unreacted hydrogen is returned to the fuel cell for effective use. The exhaust gas discharged from the fuel cell and the water generated by the cell reaction of the fuel cell ( A gas-liquid separator for removing water from the gas-liquid mixed fluid that is mixed with the product water is provided.

  Here, in the gas and water flowing in the hydrogen circulation system, there are a small amount of impurities eluted from the fuel cell and the piping parts of the system. Impurities may also enter from the air sucked from the outside air of the cathode system and pass through the electrolyte membrane and enter the hydrogen circulation system. In particular, when metal ions are present in impurities eluted from fuel cell or piping parts of the system, there is a risk of reducing the function and life of the fuel cell itself. Moreover, the water produced | generated within a fuel cell may become acidic. Therefore, conventionally, a method has been adopted in which an ion exchanger is provided in the hydrogen circulation system to suppress deterioration of the fuel cell due to generated water, gas, or the like.

  In recent years, a polymer electrolyte fuel is provided on the polymer electrolyte fuel cell side of at least one discharge pipe from which the generated water of the fuel cell is discharged, and removes ions contained in the generated water accompanying the exhaust gas. A battery system is introduced. In this polymer electrolyte fuel cell system, it is disclosed that an ion exchange resin is used to remove fluorine ions as means for removing ions contained in the generated water. (For example, refer to Patent Document 1).

There is also a fuel cell power generator in which an impurity removing member is arranged on the air side exhaust manifold of the fuel cell. (For example, refer to Patent Document 2).
JP 2002-313404 A Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 9-312166

  Here, of the fluid (gas-liquid mixture) that passes through the impurity remover, the liquid (droplet) is continuously applied to a specific region on the entrance side surface (inlet surface) of the impurity remover due to its weight. May flow in. This phenomenon also occurs in the polymer electrolyte fuel cell system described in Patent Document 1 and the fuel cell power generation device described in Patent Document 2, and in these conventional technologies, the gas discharged from the fuel cell and Of the generated water, particularly generated water (droplets) may flow in a specific region on the inlet surface of the ion exchange resin. For this reason, there exists a possibility that ion-exchange resin may deteriorate locally.

  An object of the present invention is to improve the conventional fuel cell system, and the generated water can be prevented from flowing in a specific region on the inlet side (inlet) surface of the impurity remover, An object of the present invention is to provide a fuel cell system capable of efficiently using the entire impurity remover.

  In order to achieve this object, the present invention is a fuel cell system in which an impurity remover for removing impurities mixed in the fluid is disposed in a discharge passage through which the fluid discharged from the fuel cell flows. The present invention provides a fuel cell system in which dispersive means for dispersing and flowing the fluid into the inlet side surface of the impurity remover is provided upstream of the impurity remover.

  In the fuel cell system having this configuration, since the fluid can be dispersed and flowed to the inlet side surface of the impurity remover, the fluid is biased to flow into a specific region on the inlet side surface of the impurity remover. Can be suppressed. Therefore, the entire impurity remover can be used efficiently.

  In addition, when the fluid is dispersed and introduced, the fluid (gas-liquid mixture) that flows into the inlet-side surface of the impurity remover continuously flows in a predetermined region on the inlet-side surface of the impurity remover. This means that the fluid is allowed to flow evenly into the entrance surface of the impurity remover.

  The impurity remover may be disposed at a position where the gas and liquid in the discharge passage are mixed.

  Further, the dispersion means according to the present invention can be configured to disperse the fluid flow upstream of the impurity remover. More specifically, the dispersing means may be disposed on the entrance surface of the impurity remover, or may be disposed on the upstream side spaced from the entrance surface of the impurity remover.

  Dispersing means disposed on the entry side surface of the impurity remover can disperse the fluid flow on the entry side surface of the impurity remover. Dispersing means having this configuration can guide the flow of the fluid such that the liquid, in particular, the liquid is dispersed over the entire entrance surface of the impurity remover.

  In addition, the dispersion means for dispersing the fluid flow on the entry-side surface of the impurity remover can include, for example, a fluid passage formed in an outer peripheral portion of the entry-side surface of the impurity remover. And this fluid channel | path may be comprised from the groove-shaped member formed in the entrance side surface of the said impurity remover, for example.

  The dispersing means may include an inclined surface that is inclined so as to be recessed from the outer peripheral portion toward the central portion. By comprising in this way, since the said liquid flows along the said inclined surface with gravity, drainage can be improved further.

  Further, the dispersing means can be configured to include a rotating blade formed so as to be rotatable and extending radially from its rotating shaft. Dispersing means having this configuration can evenly disperse fluid (particularly liquid) by rotating the rotor blades, and can evenly disperse and flow into the entrance surface of the impurity remover. . Further, the dispersing means may include a plurality of rotating blades extending radially from the rotating shaft.

  The rotor blade may be disposed in contact with the entry side surface of the impurity remover, or may be arranged at a predetermined interval from the entry side surface of the impurity remover. In particular, when the rotor blade is disposed in contact with the entrance surface of the impurity remover, fluid (particularly liquid) dropped on the entrance surface of the impurity remover is collected by the rotor blade to remove the impurity. Advantageously, it can be more uniformly dispersed on the entrance surface of the vessel.

  In the present invention, a porous member having a plurality of through holes may be disposed on the downstream side of the rotor blade. By comprising in this way, especially the liquid can be received by the space (room) formed with the said rotary blade and a porous member among the said fluid. For this reason, after once holding a liquid in this space, a liquid can be discharged | emitted from the through-hole of a porous member. Accordingly, the liquid can be more uniformly dispersed and allowed to flow into the entrance side surface of the impurity remover.

  Furthermore, the rotary blade may be configured to rotate by the fluid flow, or may be rotated by another drive source.

  Further, the dispersing means according to the present invention may be a fluid introducing member in which a plurality of through holes are formed. In this case, the through holes can be arranged radially from the central portion of the dispersing means toward the outer peripheral portion. The through holes may be arranged in a staggered manner. By forming a plurality of through holes in the dispersive means in such an arrangement, it is possible to disperse the liquid, particularly the liquid, into the impurity remover more efficiently and uniformly into the impurity remover.

  In addition, the through hole may be formed so that the opening cross-sectional area differs depending on the distance away from the central portion of the dispersing means. Furthermore, the opening cross-sectional area of the through-hole may be formed so as to increase as it is arranged from the central part side to the outer peripheral side of the dispersing means. By comprising in this way, especially the inflow amount of the liquid to the impurity remover among the fluids can be made more uniform.

  Moreover, the said dispersion | distribution means can also be comprised so that the said fluid may be supplied from the direction different from the inflow direction of the fluid which flows in into the entrance side surface of the said impurity removal device. By configuring in this way, the fluid becomes a turbulent flow such as a swirl flow upstream of the inlet side surface of the impurity remover and flows from the inlet side surface of the impurity remover. The occurrence of bias in the fluid flowing into the vessel can be suppressed.

  In addition, the fluid supplied from the discharge passage to the impurity remover can be configured to be supplied from a direction different from the direction in which the fluid flows into the impurity remover. The direction different from the direction in which the impurity flows into the impurity remover is a direction that is not parallel to the direction in which the fluid flows into the impurity remover (non-parallel direction). For example, the fluid flows into the impurity remover. When the impurity remover is arranged in a substantially columnar case, the direction perpendicular to the inflow direction, the tangential direction, the inclined direction, or the direction non-orthogonal to the entrance surface of the impurity remover There are various directions such as a direction non-parallel to the axial center of the case. By configuring in this way, for example, a turbulent fluid such as a swirl flow (cyclone) upstream of the impurity remover flows into the impurity remover (that is, the direction of flowing into the impurity remover). When the fluid flows into the impurity remover from a different direction), it is possible to prevent the fluid flowing into the impurity remover from being biased.

  Furthermore, the dispersion means may have a fluid passage communicating with the discharge passage, and the fluid passage may have a larger opening area than the opening area of the discharge passage. By comprising in this way, it can suppress that the bias | inclination arises in the fluid which flows in into an impurity remover.

  In addition, the dispersing means includes a direction changer that changes the supply direction of the fluid supplied from the discharge passage to the impurity remover in a direction different from the direction in which the fluid flows into the impurity remover. Also good. In this way, even if the direction of the fluid is arbitrarily changed by the direction changer, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of bias in the fluid to the impurity removing device.

  In addition, the dispersion unit may be a supply state changing unit that changes a supply state of the fluid supplied to the impurity remover according to an operating state of the fuel cell. With this configuration, the flow of the fluid flowing into the impurity remover can be changed according to the state of the fluid discharged from the fuel cell, so that the fluid is biased to the impurity remover. Can be suppressed.

  The impurity remover according to the present invention may be disposed in the gas-liquid separator or may be disposed outside the gas-liquid separator. Moreover, it can also arrange | position in the piping system in which the gas-liquid separator is not arrange | positioned.

  Furthermore, the dispersion means can be composed of a plurality of discharge passages arranged upstream of the impurity remover. With such a configuration, the fluid flows from the plurality of discharge passages to the entrance surface of the impurity remover, so that the fluid can be dispersed and flowed. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the fluid from flowing in a specific region on the entrance side surface of the impurity remover, and to use the entire impurity remover efficiently.

  The plurality of discharge passages can be connected to a case (housing) that houses the impurity remover.

  The impurity remover may be disposed in a gas-liquid separator, and the plurality of discharge passages may be connected to the gas-liquid separator.

  In the fuel cell system according to the present invention, since the dispersion means for dispersing and flowing the fluid into the inlet side surface of the impurity remover is disposed upstream of the impurity remover, the generated water enters the impurity remover on the inlet side ( It is possible to suppress the inflow in a specific region on the entrance surface, and the entire impurity remover can be used efficiently.

  Next, a fuel cell system according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In addition, the Example described below is the illustration for demonstrating this invention, and this invention is not limited only to these embodiment. Therefore, the present invention can be implemented in various forms without departing from the gist thereof.

  FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a fuel cell system according to a first embodiment, and FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing the vicinity of a gas-liquid separator and an ion exchange resin member of the fuel cell system shown in FIG. FIG. 3 schematically shown in FIG. 3 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the ion exchange resin member shown in FIG.

  In the first embodiment, a description will be given of a circulation passage disposed in a hydrogen circulation system as an example of a discharge passage through which a fluid discharged from the fuel cell flows.

  A fuel cell 100 of the fuel cell system 1 according to the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1 includes an MEA, a fuel gas (hydrogen) at the fuel electrode (anode), and an oxidant gas (oxygen, usually at the oxidant electrode (cathode). Air), a separator that forms a flow path for supplying air, and a stack that includes a plurality of stacked cells.

  An air supply passage 102 for supplying air as an oxidizing gas is connected to the air supply port 101 of the fuel cell 100, and air discharged from the fuel cell 100 and air from which water is discharged are connected to the air discharge port 103. A discharge passage 104 is connected. Further, one end of the hydrogen circulation system 10 is connected to the hydrogen supply port 105 of the fuel cell 100, and the other end of the hydrogen circulation system 10 is connected to the hydrogen discharge port 106.

  The hydrogen circulation system 10 circulates unreacted hydrogen out of unreacted hydrogen and generated water discharged from the fuel cell 100, and supplies the unreacted hydrogen together with new hydrogen into the fuel cell 100. To be discharged. The hydrogen circulation system 10 includes a circulation passage 11 having one end connected to the hydrogen discharge port 106 and a gas-liquid separator connected to the other end of the circulation passage 11 to separate hydrogen and water introduced from the circulation passage 11. 12, an ion exchange resin member 20 as an impurity remover disposed in the gas-liquid separator 12, a circulation passage 13 into which the gas discharged from the gas-liquid separator 12 is introduced, and downstream of the circulation passage 13 A circulation pump 15 connected to the side and serving as a circulation power of the hydrogen circulation system 10, one end being connected to the hydrogen supply port 105 to supply hydrogen to the fuel cell 100, and the other end being a downstream end of the circulation passage 13. And a hydrogen supply passage 16 connected at the junction A. Reference numeral 24 denotes a valve that adjusts the hydrogen pressure when supplying hydrogen to the fuel cell 100.

  As shown in FIG. 2 in particular, the gas-liquid separator 12 has a hollow and substantially cylindrical shape, and includes a gas-liquid inlet 18 for introducing hydrogen and water discharged from the circulation passage 11, and an inside of the gas-liquid separator 12. A gas discharge port 19 is formed for discharging the gas separated in step (b). The gas-liquid separator 12 separates the fluid F (gas-liquid mixture) introduced from the gas-liquid inlet 18 into gas and liquid by swirling.

  In addition, a drain port 17 is formed in the lower part of the gas-liquid separator 12 for containing the water separated by the gas-liquid separator 12 and discharging it to the outside. The drain port 17 is provided with a drain valve (not shown) having a structure in which only water separated by the gas-liquid separator 12 is discharged to the outside and hydrogen is not discharged to the outside.

  The ion exchange resin member 20 has a cation exchange resin and an anion exchange resin, and is disposed in contact with the inner wall of the gas-liquid separator 12. For this reason, the gas introduced from the gas-liquid inlet 18 and separated into gas and liquid passes through the ion exchange resin member 20 and is then exhausted from the gas outlet 19 to the circulation passage 13. In addition, although the ion exchange resin which is a component of the ion exchange resin member 20 is a particulate form normally, a fibrous thing can also be used.

  A fluid passage 22 is formed in the outer peripheral portion of the inlet side surface 21 into which the fluid F of the ion exchange resin member 20 flows. The fluid passage 22 functions as a dispersing means for dispersing and flowing the fluid F into the inlet side surface 21 of the ion exchange resin member 20. Has been. As shown in FIG. 3 in particular, the fluid passage 22 has a concave groove defined by a concave portion formed on the outer peripheral portion of the entrance-side surface 21 of the ion exchange resin member 20 and an inner wall of the gas-liquid separator 12. The liquid such as generated water accommodated in the fluid passage 22 is spread over the entire circumference of the fluid passage 22.

  The fluid passage 22 may be formed, for example, in a resin case (not shown) that is accommodated in order to protect the ion exchange resin that is a component of the ion exchange resin member 20, and the case and the gas-liquid separator. It may be defined by 12 inner walls.

  In addition, a gas passage 23 penetrating the central portion of the ion exchange resin member 20 is formed in the central portion (cylindrical shaft core portion) of the gas-liquid separator 12. The gas passage 23 is connected to the circulation passage 13, and allows hydrogen separated from the fluid F by the gas-liquid separator 12 to pass through the circulation passage 13.

In the fuel cell system 1 having this configuration, when hydrogen and air are supplied to the fuel cell 100 and an electric reaction is started,
On the fuel electrode (anode) side, H ₂ → 2H ⁺ + 2e ⁻
On the oxidant electrode (cathode) side, (1/2) O ₂ + 2H ⁺ + 2e ⁻ → H ₂ O
As a whole fuel cell, H ₂ + (1/2) O ₂ → H ₂ O
Reaction occurs. By this cell reaction, unreacted hydrogen is discharged to the circulation passage 11 through the hydrogen discharge port 106 together with the generated water on the fuel electrode (anode) side.

  The generated water and unreacted hydrogen discharged to the circulation passage 11 are moved to the gas-liquid separator 12 by the power of the circulation pump 15, and are separated into gas (hydrogen) and liquid (water). At this time, the fluid F (gas-liquid mixture) supplied from the circulation passage 11 flows into the ion exchange resin member 20 as a turbulent flow such as a swirling flow (cyclone). That is, the fluid F flows into the ion exchange resin member 20 from a direction different from the direction in which it flows into the ion exchange resin member 20 (the direction indicated by the arrow D in FIG. 2). At this time, most of the liquid F such as generated water is accommodated in the fluid passage 22 along the inner wall of the gas-liquid separator 12. The liquid stored in the fluid passage 22 spreads over the entire circumference of the fluid passage 22, and the liquid overflowing from the fluid passage 22 flows into the ion exchange resin member 20, so that it is dispersed throughout the ion exchange resin member 20. The liquid can be introduced, and the entire ion exchange resin member 20 can be used efficiently.

  Here, conventionally, in the fluid F (gas-liquid mixture), the liquid mainly flows along the inner wall of the circulation passage 11 (the inner wall of the pipe), and therefore when supplied to the gas-liquid separator 12. Because of its weight, it deviates from the swirling flow and falls under the influence of gravity. The liquid drop position varies depending on the flow velocity of the swirl flow, but in most cases, is near the gas-liquid inlet 18. Such a phenomenon generally occurs in general piping systems in which a fluid flows, other than a gas-liquid separator of a type that separates gas and liquid using a swirling flow.

  However, in the first embodiment, as described above, the fluid passage 22 as the dispersing means is formed. Therefore, even if the liquid falls near the gas-liquid inlet 18, the liquid passes through the fluid passage 22. Since it is accommodated in the ion exchange resin member 20, the ion exchange resin member 20 is dispersed and introduced.

  The liquid flowing into the ion exchange resin member 20 travels through the inner wall of the gas-liquid separator 12 and is accommodated in the discharge port 17. On the other hand, hydrogen passes through the ion exchange resin member 20 and moves below the gas-liquid separator 12, and then moves to the circulation passage 13 through the gas passage 23. Impurities contained in the liquid are adsorbed by the ion exchange resin member 20.

  In addition, since the ion exchange resin member 20 is disposed in the gas-liquid separator 12, that is, the space that originally exists in the gas-liquid separator 12 is used as a space for the ion-exchange resin member 20, ion exchange is performed. By disposing the resin member 20, the fuel cell system 1 itself does not increase in size. In addition, the number of parts for disposing the ion exchange resin member 20 is minimal, and an increase in cost can be suppressed.

  In the first embodiment, the case where the fluid F is dispersed and introduced into the inlet side surface 21 of the ion exchange resin member 20 by the fluid passage 22 formed in the outer peripheral portion of the inlet side surface 21 of the ion exchange resin member 20 will be described. However, the present invention is not limited to this. Dispersing means for dispersing and flowing the fluid F into the inlet side surface 21 of the ion exchange resin member 20 is disposed upstream of the inlet side surface 21 of the ion exchange resin member 20 at a distance. You may set up.

  For example, as a dispersion means, as shown in FIG. 4, a fluid introduction member 26 having a plurality of through holes 25 is provided upstream of the ion exchange resin member 20 in the gas-liquid separator 12. You may arrange | position with the entrance surface 21 of 20 at intervals. By disposing the fluid introduction member 26 in this manner, the fluid F supplied from the circulation passage 11 into the gas-liquid separator 12 passes through the plurality of through holes 25 and is dispersed in the ion exchange resin. It can flow from the entry side surface 21 of the member 20. In addition, the size of the through-hole 25, the number of arrangement | positioning, an arrangement | positioning location, etc. can be determined arbitrarily.

  Further, as the dispersing means, for example, as shown in FIG. 5, a direction changing member 27 for guiding the fluid F supplied from the circulation passage 11 into the gas-liquid separator 12 by changing the traveling direction to an arbitrary direction, You may arrange | position with the entrance side surface 21 of the ion exchange resin member 20 in the upstream from the ion exchange resin member 20 in the gas-liquid separator 12, and a space | interval. By arranging the direction changing member 27 in this way, the fluid F supplied from the circulation passage 11 into the gas-liquid separator 12 flows from the inlet side surface 21 of the ion exchange resin member 20 in a dispersed state. Can do.

  Next, a fuel cell system according to Example 2 of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

  6 is a cross-sectional view showing the vicinity of a gas-liquid separator and an ion exchange resin member disposed in the fuel cell system according to Example 2, and FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line VII-VII shown in FIG. FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view taken along line VIII-VIII shown in FIG. 6, and FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram showing a fluid inflow state to the ion exchange resin member.

  In the second embodiment, the same members as those described in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof is omitted.

  As shown in FIGS. 6 to 8, the fuel cell system 1 according to the second embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that the dispersing means is formed from a case 30 that houses the ion exchange resin member 20.

  The case 30 is disposed so as to surround the gas passage 23 so that the gas passage 23 is substantially in the center, and has a hollow, substantially cylindrical shape in which a space for accommodating the ion exchange resin member 20 is formed. Yes. The entrance side surface 32 (upper surface in FIG. 6) of the case 30 is an inclined surface that is recessed (concave) toward the exit side in a mortar shape from the outer peripheral part toward the center part. By doing in this way, as shown in FIG. 9, the liquid which fell to the outer peripheral part side (the fluid channel | path 36 explained in full detail in Example 2 later) of the case 30 is ion-exchange resin member 20 along an inclined surface. Therefore, the liquid can be further uniformly dispersed on the entrance-side surface 21 of the ion exchange resin member 20.

  Further, the outer peripheral portion of the entrance side surface 32 of the case 30 is formed in a state of being slightly depressed toward the exit side, and is configured to form a concave fluid passage 36 between the inner wall of the gas-liquid separator 12. Has been.

  Further, as shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, a plurality of through-holes 33 are radially formed on the entry-side surface 32 of the case 30 from the central portion toward the outer peripheral portion (on the two concentric circles in the second embodiment). Are arranged in a staggered pattern. These through holes 33 have an opening area of the through holes 33 formed on the outer peripheral side so as to be larger than an opening area of the through holes 33 formed on the center side of the entrance side surface 32 of the case 30. Is formed. That is, the through hole 33 is formed so as to have a smaller opening area as it is formed closer to the center side. By doing in this way, even if the length from the entrance side to the exit side of the ion exchange resin member 20 is longer on the outer peripheral part side than on the central part side, the flow rate with respect to the passage length of the liquid can be complemented to be constant. The entire ion exchange resin member 20 can be used more efficiently.

  As shown in FIGS. 6 and 8, the exit side surface 34 (the lower surface in FIG. 6) of the case 30 is an inclined surface that is recessed from the outer peripheral portion toward the central portion and toward the entrance side. A plurality of through holes 35 are formed in the exit side surface 34 of the case 30. The through hole 35 has an opening area smaller than the opening area of the through hole 33.

  In the gas-liquid separator 12 having the ion exchange resin member 20 accommodated in the case 30, the fluid F (gas-liquid mixture) supplied from the circulation passage 11 is swirling (as in the first embodiment). Cyclone) and other turbulent flows are supplied. At this time, most of the liquid F such as produced water is accommodated in the fluid passage 36 along the inner wall of the gas-liquid separator 12. The liquid accommodated in the fluid passage 36 spreads over the entire circumference of the fluid passage 36, and the liquid overflowing from the fluid passage 36 moves along the inclined surface formed on the entry side surface 32 of the case 30, and penetrates. It flows through the holes 33 in a state of being dispersed throughout the ion exchange resin member 20.

  At this time, as described above, since the through holes 33 are formed in a staggered pattern, the liquid also reaches the through holes 33 formed on the inner peripheral side of the case 30 through the inclined surface. Can do. Moreover, since the through-hole 33 formed in the outer peripheral part side of the ion exchange resin member 20 has a larger opening area, the length from the entry side to the exit side of the ion exchange resin member 20 is larger than that of the central part side. Even if the part side is long, the flow rate with respect to the passage length of the liquid can be supplemented to be constant, and the entire ion exchange resin member 20 can be used more efficiently.

  The liquid that has flowed into the ion exchange resin member 20 travels along the inner wall of the gas-liquid separator 12 and is accommodated in the discharge port 17 as in the first embodiment, and the hydrogen passes through the ion-exchange resin member 20 and undergoes gas-liquid separation. After moving below the vessel 12, it moves to the circulation passage 13 via the gas passage 23. Impurities contained in the liquid are adsorbed by the ion exchange resin member 20.

  In the second embodiment, the case where the fluid passage 36 is formed between the inner wall of the gas-liquid separator 12 and the case 30 has been described. However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and the fluid passage 36 does not necessarily have to be formed. Even in the case where the fluid passage 36 is not formed, the liquid dropped near the outer periphery of the case 30 moves along the inclined surface formed on the entry side surface 32 of the case 30 and passes through the through hole 33. The ion exchange resin member 20 can flow in a dispersed state.

  Further, the inclination angle of the inclined surface formed on the entry side surface 32 of the case 30 can be arbitrarily determined.

  Furthermore, in the second embodiment, the case where the plurality of through holes 33 are arranged radially and in a staggered manner has been described. However, the size, the installation position, the installation pattern, the number of installations, and the like of the through holes 33 are arbitrary. Can be determined.

  Next, a fuel cell system according to Example 3 of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

  10 is a cross-sectional view showing the vicinity of a gas-liquid separator and an ion exchange resin member arranged in the fuel cell system according to Example 3, and FIG. 11 is a dispersion arranged in the ion exchange resin member shown in FIG. It is a perspective view of the rotary blade as a means.

  In the third embodiment, the same members as those described in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof is omitted.

  As shown in FIGS. 10 and 11, the fuel cell system 1 according to the third embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that the dispersing means is composed of the rotor blade member 40.

  As shown in FIG. 11 in particular, the rotary blade member 40 includes a rotary shaft 41 that is rotatably attached to the outer periphery of a gas passage 23 formed in the gas-liquid separator 12 and is radially spaced from the rotary shaft 41 at equal intervals. It is configured with eight rotary blades 42 arranged. The rotating blade 42 extends in a substantially vertical direction (radial direction) with respect to the direction of the axis O of the rotating shaft 41, and is provided at a position in contact with the entrance surface 21 of the ion exchange resin member 20. . And it can rotate by the swirling flow of the fluid F supplied into the gas-liquid separator 12.

  As in the first embodiment, the gas-liquid separator 12 having the ion exchange resin member 20 provided with the rotor blade member 40 swirls the fluid F (gas-liquid mixture) supplied from the circulation passage 11. Supplied as a turbulent flow such as a cyclone. At this time, the rotating blade member 40 is rotated by the swirling flow, and the fluid F can be scattered like a sprinkler and can be uniformly dispersed and flown into the entrance-side surface 21 of the ion exchange resin member 20.

  Further, since the rotor blade 42 is disposed in contact with the inlet-side surface 21 of the ion exchange resin member 20, the fluid (particularly liquid) dropped on the inlet-side surface 21 is collected by the rotor blade 42, and is input. The side surface 21 can be uniformly dispersed.

  The liquid that has flowed into the ion exchange resin member 20 travels along the inner wall of the gas-liquid separator 12 and is accommodated in the discharge port 17 as in the first embodiment, and the hydrogen passes through the ion-exchange resin member 20 and undergoes gas-liquid separation. After moving below the vessel 12, it moves to the circulation passage 13 via the gas passage 23. Impurities contained in the liquid are adsorbed by the ion exchange resin member 20.

  In the third embodiment, the case where the rotary blade 42 extending in the substantially vertical direction (radial direction) with respect to the direction of the axis O of the rotary shaft 41 has been described. As shown in FIG. 4, the rotary blade 42 may be formed to be inclined at a predetermined angle α with respect to the direction of the axis O of the rotary shaft 41. Thus, by forming the rotary blade 42 to be inclined, the fluid F can be scattered so as to be discharged by the sprinkler even if the rotational force of the rotary blade member 40 decreases.

  As another embodiment, as shown in FIG. 13, the rotating blade 42 may be gradually curved in the direction of the rotating shaft 41 according to the distance from the rotating shaft 41. Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 14, the rotary blade 42 may be configured to be bent from the rotary shaft 41 in the direction of the rotary shaft at a predetermined position. By doing so, the liquid can be actively scattered also in the inner direction of the rotary blade member 40. Also in the case of the rotary blade 42 provided with these configurations, as shown in FIG. 12, the rotary blade 42 may be inclined at a predetermined angle α with respect to the direction of the axis O of the rotary shaft 41.

  As another embodiment, as shown in FIG. 15, the rotary blade 42 has a slope (gradient) that is concaved concavely toward the outer side from the rotary shaft 41 toward the outer side. You may have the structure formed. In this case, it is preferable to form an inclined surface complementary to the inclination of the rotary blade 42 on the entrance side surface 21 of the ion exchange resin member 20. By doing so, the liquid that has dropped to the outer peripheral side of the rotor blade member 40 becomes easier to move in the direction of the rotating shaft 41, and the liquid can be evenly dispersed on the inlet side surface 21. Also in the case of the rotary blade 42 having this configuration, it may be inclined at a predetermined angle α with respect to the direction of the axis O of the rotary shaft 41 as shown in FIG.

  Furthermore, as another embodiment, as shown in FIG. 16, a porous member 46 in which a plurality of through holes 45 are formed is disposed on the downstream side (lower side in this embodiment) of the rotor blade 42. Also good. By doing in this way, especially the liquid F can be received by the space (room) 47 formed by the rotary blade 42 and the porous member 46. Therefore, once the liquid is held in the space 47, the liquid can reach the entrance side surface 21 of the ion exchange resin member 20 from the through hole 45 of the porous member 46. For this reason, the liquid can be more uniformly dispersed and allowed to flow into the entry side surface 21.

  Further, the plurality of through holes 45 formed in the porous member 46 can be arranged in a zigzag manner in a radial pattern around the rotation shaft 41. By doing in this way, the liquid can be more uniformly dispersed and allowed to flow into the entrance side surface 21 of the ion exchange resin member 20.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 17, the porous member 46 has a configuration in which an inclination (gradient) is formed in which the rotating shaft 41 side is recessed concavely from the rotating shaft 41 toward the outer peripheral side toward the outlet side. Also good. By doing so, the liquid dropped on the porous member 46 can be more easily moved in the direction of the rotation axis 41, and the liquid can be more uniformly dispersed on the entry side surface 21. Also in this case, it is preferable to form an inclined surface complementary to the inclination of the porous member 46 on the entrance side surface 21 of the ion exchange resin member 20.

  In the third embodiment, the case where the rotor blade member 40 is rotatably disposed in contact with the inlet-side surface 21 of the ion exchange resin member 20 has been described. May be arranged on the upstream side of the ion exchange resin member 20 with a predetermined distance from the entrance surface 21.

  In addition, the size and number of the rotor blades 42, the inclination angle (α) of the rotor blades 42, and the like can be arbitrarily determined.

  In addition, the dispersing means described in the first to third embodiments is not limited to the gas-liquid separator 12 that uses a swirl flow to separate the gas and liquid (cyclone method), but includes, for example, a pressure difference, a temperature difference, and the like. Of course, the present invention can be applied to gas-liquid separators other than the method of separating gas and liquid using a swirling flow, such as separating gas and liquid by the above.

  Next, a fuel cell system according to Example 4 of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

  18 is a perspective view showing the vicinity of a gas-liquid separator and an ion exchange resin member arranged in the fuel cell system according to Example 4, and is a view described so that the inside can be seen. FIG. It is sectional drawing along the XIX-XIX line | wire shown in, and is a schematic diagram which shows the inflow state of the fluid to an ion exchange resin member.

  In the fourth embodiment, the same members as those described in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof is omitted.

  As shown in FIGS. 18 and 19, the fuel cell system 1 according to the fourth embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that the gas-liquid separation method in the gas-liquid separator 112 and the entrance-side surface of the ion exchange resin member 20. 21 is a shape of the fluid passage 55 disposed in the nozzle 21.

  As shown in FIG. 18 in particular, the gas-liquid separator 112 has a hollow, substantially quadrangular prism shape, the gas-liquid inlet 18 for introducing hydrogen and water discharged from the circulation passage 11, and the gas-liquid separator 112. A gas discharge port 19 for discharging the gas separated in the inside is formed. This gas-liquid separator 112 separates the fluid F (gas-liquid mixture) introduced from the gas-liquid inlet 18 into a gas and a liquid not by a swirl flow but by a pressure difference or the like.

  In addition, a drain port 17 is formed in the lower part of the gas-liquid separator 112 to store the water separated by the gas-liquid separator 112 and discharge it to the outside. The drain port 17 is provided with a drain valve (not shown) having a structure in which only water separated by the gas-liquid separator 112 is discharged to the outside and hydrogen is not discharged to the outside.

  The inlet side surface 21 of the ion exchange resin member 20 disposed in the gas-liquid separator 112 is formed with a fluid passage 55 as a dispersing means for dispersing and flowing the fluid F into the inlet side surface 21. Yes. As shown in FIG. 19 in particular, the fluid passage 55 includes an outer peripheral groove defined by a concave portion formed on the outer periphery (four sides) of the ion exchange resin member 20 and an inner wall of the gas-liquid separator 112, and the outer periphery. The cross-shaped groove | channel which communicates with a groove | channel and divides the entrance side surface 21 of the ion exchange resin member 20 into four is comprised. A gas passage 23 is penetrated through the central portion of the cross-shaped groove. A liquid such as generated water accommodated in the fluid passage 55 is distributed over the entire fluid passage 55.

  In addition, you may form this fluid channel | path 55 in the resin-made case which is accommodated in order to protect the ion exchange resin which is the component of the ion exchange resin member 20, for example.

  As described above, the gas-liquid separator 112 is different from the gas-liquid separator 12 described in the first embodiment in that it does not separate the gas and liquid by a swirl flow, but the fluid F (gas-liquid mixing) from the circulation passage 11. Body) is supplied at a predetermined speed, pressure, etc., and the fluid F collides with the inner wall of the gas-liquid separator 112, and most of the liquid F such as generated water of the fluid F is in the gas-liquid separator 112. It is accommodated in the fluid passage 55 along the inner wall. At this time, the fluid F also collides with the outer wall constituting the gas passage 23, and the liquid is accommodated in the fluid passage 55 along the outer wall.

  The liquid accommodated in the fluid passage 55 spreads over the entire fluid passage 55, and the liquid overflowing the fluid passage 55 flows into the ion exchange resin member 20, so that the liquid is dispersed throughout the ion exchange resin member 20. The entire ion exchange resin member 20 can be used efficiently.

  The liquid that has flowed into the ion exchange resin member 20 travels along the inner wall of the gas-liquid separator 112 and is stored in the discharge port 17 as in the first embodiment, and the hydrogen passes through the ion-exchange resin member 20 and is gas-liquid separated. After moving below the vessel 112, it moves to the circulation passage 13 via the gas passage 23 due to a pressure difference or the like. Impurities contained in the liquid are adsorbed by the ion exchange resin member 20.

  In Example 4, the fluid passage 55 is configured by a groove disposed on the outer periphery (four sides) of the inlet side surface 21 of the ion exchange resin member 20 and a groove disposed so as to divide the inlet side surface 21 into four parts. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the fluid passage 55 may further finely divide the entrance surface 21 of the ion exchange resin member 20 as shown in FIG. By doing in this way, the liquid can be further dispersed and flowed into the entry side surface 21.

  Moreover, as a dispersion | distribution means provided with the other structure which disperse | distributes and flows the fluid F to the entrance side surface 21 of the ion exchange resin member 20, for example, as shown in FIGS. You may use the fluid introduction member 61 which formed the some convex hole 62 with the system. As shown in FIG. 24 in particular, the fluid introducing member 61 is configured such that the liquid supplied from the circulation passage 11 is accumulated in the concave portion 64 defined by the convex hole 62, and the liquid overflowing from the concave portion 64 is convex. Since the liquid flows into the ion exchange resin member 20 through the hole 62, the liquid can be dispersed and flown over the entire ion exchange resin member 20, and the entire ion exchange resin member 20 can be used efficiently. .

  As another embodiment, for example, as shown in FIG. 25, the gas-liquid inlet 18 is widened, and a substantially fan shape is formed between the circulation passage 11 and the gas-liquid inlet 18 and extends toward the tip. By disposing the nozzle-shaped passage 71, the fluid F may be prevented from being supplied to the entrance surface 21 of the ion exchange resin member 20 in a biased manner. In this case, as shown in FIG. 26, the dispersing means may be constituted only by the nozzle-like passage 71, or the dispersing means may be constituted in combination with the fluid passage 55 as shown in FIG.

  Furthermore, as another embodiment, for example, as shown in FIG. 27, the flow direction of the fluid F is controlled in the nozzle-like passage 71 in accordance with the state of the fluid F supplied from the circulation passage 11. Thus, a direction changer 72 that changes the supply direction of the fluid F may be provided in a direction different from the direction in which the fluid F flows into the entrance-side surface 21 of the ion exchange resin member 20. The direction changer 72 includes two blades 73 arranged on a straight line passing through the rotation shaft 74, and rotates at a predetermined angle around the rotation shaft 74, thereby allowing the fluid F in the nozzle-like passage 71 to flow. In addition to changing the opening area through which the fluid F can pass, the traveling direction of the fluid F can be changed.

  Providing such a direction changer 72 as the dispersing means can also prevent the fluid F from being biased and supplied to the entrance surface 21 of the ion exchange resin member 20. Also in this case, as shown in FIG. 28, the nozzle-like passage 71 and the direction changer 72 may constitute the dispersion means. As shown in FIG. 27, the dispersion means is used in combination with the fluid passage 55. It may be configured.

  Also, as shown in FIG. 28, when the dispersing means is constituted by the nozzle-shaped passage 71 and the direction changer 72, the operating state of the fuel cell 100 (for example, the power generation amount, the supplied gas flow rate) is used as the dispersing means. The rotation angle of the rotating shaft 74 of the direction changer 72 is controlled according to the flow rate of the discharged gas, the discharged gas pressure, etc. The fluid supply state changing means 80 for changing the supply state (flow velocity, pressure, flow direction, etc.) of the fluid F may be provided.

  For example, as shown in FIG. 29, the fluid supply state changing means 80 includes a direction changer 72 disposed in the nozzle-shaped passage 71, a power generation amount measuring unit 81 that measures the power generation amount of the fuel cell 100, and a direction. A rotation angle control unit 82 is connected to the rotation shaft 74 of the changer 72 and controls the rotation angle of the rotation shaft 74 in accordance with information (data) input from the power generation amount measurement unit 81. The As described above, the fluid supply state changing means 80 can also cause the liquid to be dispersed and flown over the entire ion exchange resin member 20, so that the entire ion exchange resin member 20 can be used efficiently.

  The fluid supply state changing means 80 can be disposed on the upstream side of the gas-liquid separator 12 in the circulation passage 11 as in the fuel cell system 2 shown in FIG. 30, for example. For example, when the fluid F discharged from the fuel cell 100 is once accommodated in the fluid chamber and supplied from the fluid chamber to the gas-liquid separator 12, the supply state (flow velocity, pressure, flow direction, etc.) of the fluid F is changed. It may be changed.

  In the fourth embodiment, the case where the dispersion means is disposed in the gas-liquid separator other than the method of separating the gas and liquid using the swirl flow is described. Of course, the dispersing means can be applied to a gas-liquid separator using a swirling flow to separate the gas and liquid (cyclone type).

  Next, a fuel cell system according to Example 5 of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 31 is a plan view of a gas-liquid separator disposed in the fuel cell system according to the fifth embodiment and having an ion exchange resin member disposed therein, and FIG. 32 is taken along the line XXXII-XXXII shown in FIG. FIG.

  In the fifth embodiment, members similar to those described in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof is omitted.

  As shown in FIGS. 31 and 32, the difference of the fuel cell system 1 according to the fifth embodiment from the first embodiment is that the dispersing means is composed of two fluid passages 111 connected to the gas-liquid separator 12. Is a point.

  That is, in the fuel cell system 1 according to the fifth embodiment, instead of providing the fluid passage 22 on the surface of the ion exchange resin member 20 as in the first embodiment, the two fluid passages 111 are provided above the gas-liquid separator 12. It has a connected configuration. The fluid passage 111 branches the end of the circulation passage 11 of the fuel cell system 1 in the vicinity of the gas-liquid separator 12 into two (not shown) and is connected to the branched circulation passage 11 to circulate. The fluid F supplied from the passage 11 is supplied into the gas-liquid separator 12. The two fluid passages 111 are connected to positions (on the diagonal line) of the gas-liquid separator 12 that are 180 degrees out of phase with each other.

  In the gas-liquid separator 12 having this configuration, the fluid F is supplied from the two fluid passages 111 into the gas-liquid separator 12. Therefore, the fluid F flows in a state of being dispersed on the entry side surface of the ion exchange resin member 20, and the fluid F flows in a specific region on the entry side surface of the ion exchange resin member 20. Can be suppressed. For this reason, it becomes possible to use the ion exchange resin member 20 whole efficiently.

  In the fifth embodiment, the case where two fluid passages 111 are connected to the gas-liquid separator 12 has been described. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and three or more fluid passages 111 may be connected to the gas-liquid separator 12. Good. Note that as the number of the fluid passages 111 is increased, the fluid F flows in a state where the fluid F is dispersed by the entrance surface of the ion exchange resin member 20. Further, the position of the fluid passage 111 can be arbitrarily set as desired.

  Further, in the fifth embodiment, the case where the fluid passage 111 is connected to the gas-liquid separator 12 that uses a swirling flow to separate the gas and the liquid has been described. However, the fluid passage 111 is not limited thereto. You may connect to the gas-liquid separator 112 (refer FIG. 18) of the system which isolate | separates into a gas and a liquid not by a swirl flow but by the difference in pressure.

  In the fifth embodiment, the ion exchange resin member 20 is arranged in the gas-liquid separator 12 and the fluid passage 111 is connected to the gas-liquid separator 12. However, the present invention is not limited to this. If the fluid F can be supplied to the ion exchange resin member 20 from a plurality of discharge passages (fluid passages), for example, a plurality of discharge passages (fluid passages) in a case (housing) or the like that stores the ion exchange resin. May be connected.

  Furthermore, in the fuel cell system according to the present invention, the arrangement of the fluid passage 111 as the dispersing means according to the fifth embodiment and the installation of the dispersing means according to the first to fourth embodiments described above may be combined.

  In the first to fifth embodiments described above, the case where the dispersing means is disposed in the circulation passage of the hydrogen circulation system 10 has been described. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the dispersing means according to the present invention is an oxidizing gas (air ) It may be arranged in the supply system or in another piping system.

It is a schematic block diagram of the fuel cell system concerning Example 1 of this invention. It is the perspective view which shows the gas-liquid separator of the fuel cell system shown in FIG. 1, and ion exchange resin member vicinity, Comprising: It is the figure described so that the inside could be seen. It is an expanded sectional view of the ion exchange resin member shown in FIG. It is the perspective view which shows the gas-liquid separator concerning other Examples of this invention, and the ion exchange resin member vicinity, Comprising: It is the figure described so that the inside could be seen. It is sectional drawing which shows the gas-liquid separator concerning other Examples of this invention, and the ion exchange resin member vicinity. It is sectional drawing which shows the gas-liquid separator and ion exchange resin member vicinity arrange | positioned by the fuel cell system concerning Example 2 of this invention. It is sectional drawing along the VII-VII line shown in FIG. It is sectional drawing along the VIII-VIII line shown in FIG. It is a schematic diagram which shows the inflow state of the fluid to the ion exchange resin member concerning Example 2. FIG. It is sectional drawing which shows the gas-liquid separator and ion exchange resin member vicinity arrange | positioned by the fuel cell system concerning Example 3 of this invention. It is a perspective view of the rotary blade as a dispersion | distribution means arrange | positioned at the ion exchange resin member shown in FIG. It is a perspective view of the rotary blade as a dispersion | distribution means concerning the other Example of this invention. It is a perspective view of the rotary blade as a dispersion | distribution means concerning the other Example of this invention. It is a perspective view of the rotary blade as a dispersion | distribution means concerning the other Example of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows the gas-liquid separator concerning other Examples of this invention, and the ion exchange resin member vicinity. It is a perspective view of the rotary blade as a dispersion | distribution means concerning the other Example of this invention. It is sectional drawing of the rotary blade as a dispersion | distribution means concerning the other Example of this invention. It is the perspective view which shows the gas-liquid separator and ion exchange resin member vicinity arrange | positioned by the fuel cell system concerning Example 4 of this invention, Comprising: It is the figure described so that the inside could be seen. FIG. 19 is an enlarged cross-sectional view taken along the line XIX-XIX shown in FIG. It is a top view of the fluid channel | path as a dispersion | distribution means concerning the other Example of this invention, and an ion exchange resin member. It is the perspective view which shows the gas-liquid separator and ion exchange resin member vicinity which were arrange | positioned in the fuel cell system concerning the other Example of this invention, Comprising: It is the figure described so that the inside could be seen. It is a perspective view of the dispersion | distribution means concerning the other Example of this invention. It is sectional drawing along the XXIII-XXIII line | wire shown in FIG. FIG. 24 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a state where the liquid formed in the dispersing means shown in FIG. 23 and accumulated in the concave portion flows into the ion exchange resin member through the convex hole. It is a plane schematic diagram which shows the dispersion | distribution means vicinity concerning the other Example of this invention. It is a side surface schematic diagram which shows the dispersion | distribution means vicinity concerning the other Example of this invention. It is a plane schematic diagram which shows the dispersion | distribution means vicinity concerning the other Example of this invention. It is a side surface schematic diagram which shows the dispersion | distribution means vicinity concerning the other Example of this invention. It is a schematic diagram which shows the dispersion | distribution means vicinity concerning the other Example of this invention. It is a schematic block diagram of the fuel cell system concerning the other Example of this invention. It is a top view of the gas-liquid separator arrange | positioned by the fuel cell system concerning Example 5 of this invention, and the ion exchange resin member being arrange | positioned inside. FIG. 32 is a cross-sectional view taken along line XXXII-XXXII shown in FIG. 31.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1, 2 Fuel cell system 10 Hydrogen circulation system 11 Circulation passage 12, 112 Gas-liquid separator 20 Ion exchange resin member 21 Inlet side surface 22, 36, 55 Fluid passage 26, 61 Fluid introduction member 27 Direction change member 40 Rotary blade member 71 Nozzle-shaped passage 72 Direction changer 80 Fluid supply state change means 111 Fluid passage

Claims (26)

A fuel cell system in which an impurity remover for removing impurities mixed in the fluid is disposed in a discharge passage through which a fluid discharged from the fuel cell flows.
A fuel cell system in which dispersive means for dispersing and flowing the fluid into the inlet-side surface of the impurity remover is disposed upstream of the impurity remover.   The fuel cell system according to claim 1, wherein the impurity remover is disposed at a position where gas and liquid in the discharge passage are mixed.   The fuel cell system according to claim 1, wherein the dispersion unit disperses the flow of the fluid upstream of the impurity remover.   The fuel cell system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the dispersion unit is disposed on an entry-side surface of the impurity remover.   The fuel cell system according to claim 4, wherein the dispersion unit disperses the flow of the fluid on an entrance side surface of the impurity remover.   6. The fuel cell system according to claim 4 or 5, wherein the dispersing means includes a fluid passage formed in an outer peripheral portion of an entry side surface of the impurity remover.   The fuel cell system according to claim 5, wherein the fluid passage is formed by a groove-like member formed on an entry-side surface of the impurity remover.   The fuel cell system according to claim 6, wherein the dispersing means includes an inclined surface that is recessed from the outer peripheral portion toward the central portion.   4. The fuel cell system according to claim 1, wherein the dispersion unit is disposed on the upstream side of the impurity removing unit at a distance from the inlet side surface. 5.   10. The fuel cell system according to claim 1, wherein the dispersion unit is rotatable and includes rotating blades extending radially from a rotating shaft. 11.   The fuel cell system according to claim 10, comprising a plurality of rotor blades extending radially from the rotating shaft.   The fuel cell system according to claim 10 or 11, wherein a porous member having a plurality of through holes is disposed downstream of the rotor blade.   The fuel cell system according to any one of claims 10 to 12, wherein the rotor blade is rotatable by the flow of the fluid.   The fuel cell system according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the dispersion unit includes a fluid introduction member in which a plurality of through holes are formed.   The fuel cell system according to claim 14, wherein the through holes are arranged radially from the central portion to the outer peripheral portion of the dispersing means.   The fuel cell system according to claim 14 or 15, wherein the through holes are arranged in a staggered pattern.   The fuel cell system according to any one of claims 14 to 16, wherein the through hole has an opening cross-sectional area that varies depending on a distance away from a central portion of the dispersing means.   18. The fuel cell system according to claim 17, wherein an opening cross-sectional area of the through-hole increases as it is arranged from the center side to the outer periphery side of the dispersing means.   The fuel cell system according to any one of claims 1 to 18, wherein the dispersion unit supplies the fluid from a direction different from an inflow direction of the fluid flowing into the entrance side surface of the impurity remover.   The fuel cell system according to claim 9, wherein the dispersion unit has a fluid passage communicating with the discharge passage, and the fluid passage has an opening area larger than an opening area of the discharge passage.   The said dispersion | distribution means is provided with the direction changer which changes the supply direction of the fluid supplied to the said impurity remover from the said discharge channel to the direction different from the direction where the said fluid flows in into the said impurity remover. The fuel cell system according to any one of claims 1 to 20.   2. The fuel cell system according to claim 1, wherein the dispersion unit includes a supply state changing unit that changes a supply state of a fluid supplied to the impurity remover according to an operating state of the fuel cell.   The fuel cell system according to any one of claims 1 to 22, wherein the impurity remover is disposed in a gas-liquid separator.   The fuel cell system according to claim 1, wherein the dispersing means includes a plurality of discharge passages arranged upstream of the impurity remover.   The fuel cell system according to claim 24, wherein the plurality of discharge passages are connected to a case that houses the impurity remover.   The fuel cell system according to claim 24 or 25, wherein the impurity remover is disposed in a gas-liquid separator, and the plurality of discharge passages are connected to the gas-liquid separator.

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