JP2006090056A - Block wall structure - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To comparatively freely determine the shape and size of a through hole to be formed in a block wall and to enable the use of a thick reinforcing bar by widening a space of a recessed channel for placing the reinforcing bar, by which the design property of the block wall is enhanced and the structural resistance and durability are improved. <P>SOLUTION: In each of concrete blocks 10, 10A, a cutout part 16a is formed from the front face through the rear face to be channel-like in the center part of one of horizontal end faces of the upper, lower, right and left end faces. The recessed channels are formed in the remaining vertical and horizontal end faces except the end face having the cutout part 16a so that vertical bars T and a horizontal bar W may be placed therein, respectively. The concrete blocks 10, 10A having the cutout parts are arranged in a manner that the cutout parts 16a face each other in up and down directions so that the through hole 16b may be formed in the wall face. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

This invention relates to a wall structure in which building concrete blocks are stacked, forming a watermark hole in the above-mentioned wall or the like for use in the construction of building walls, partitions, handrail walls, fences, etc. It is possible to insert various pipes such as water and electricity.

As a concrete block for forming a watermark hole in a wall or wall, it is formed in a quadrangular ring shape. Patent Document 1 below is known in which the remaining end surfaces in the two directions are formed flat. Since this concrete block has a through hole in the front-rear direction at the center of one concrete block, this through hole can be used to pass light, wind, or various pipes. Reinforcing bars can be arranged using the concave grooves formed on the end faces in the direction.
Japanese Patent No. 3292700

However, since the above concrete block has a through hole in the front-rear direction, that is, a watermark hole, formed in the center of a rectangular parallelepiped concrete block, the shape and size of the watermark hole are limited, and reinforcing bars are arranged during assembling. Since the space to be filled with mortar becomes narrow, it is difficult to use thick reinforcing bars, and the thickness of the mortar that wraps the reinforcing bars becomes thin, resulting in insufficient durability and structural strength of the above walls, etc. For this purpose, there has been a problem that the arrangement of the concrete blocks having the watermark holes has to be reduced.

Further, in Patent Document 2 below, the outer shape of the block is formed in a “convex” shape, a groove in the vertical direction or the horizontal direction is formed in the entire outer peripheral surface, and By forming through holes in the vertical direction on the left and right, respectively, and by butting the central convex part up and down during assembly, front and rear watermark holes are formed on both sides of the central convex part. The hole is described so that a reinforcing bar can be arranged. In this block, since the reinforcing bars can be passed vertically through the convex part of the above-mentioned "convex" character, the structural strength is improved. In this case, however, the blocks cannot be stacked after the vertical bars are erected. After the stacking, it is necessary to insert reinforcing bars from above, making the assembling work difficult, and the shape and size of the watermark holes are limited, resulting in poor design change.
JP-A-9-78723

The present invention makes it possible to set the shape and size of the watermark hole relatively freely, and widens the groove space for reinforcing bar arrangement to increase the amount of filling mortar, thicken the covering mortar of the reinforcing bar, and thick reinforcing bar. Therefore, it is possible to improve the design of walls and the like obtained by assembling, and to improve the durability and the structural strength.

In the invention according to claim 1, a plurality of building concrete blocks having the same length, width, and thickness are stacked through joint mortar, and between the vertical end faces and horizontal end faces for each arbitrary number of the concrete blocks. In the wall structure in which the vertical bars and the horizontal bars are arranged respectively, and the mortar is filled around the vertical bars and the horizontal bars, at least a part of the wall structure is preliminarily formed by the vertical end surface and the horizontal end surface of the concrete block. Two to four concrete blocks with notches that have notches that extend in the thickness direction in part of the surface and concave grooves for reinforcing bars in the other part face each other at the notches. The notch portions of the above-mentioned 2 to 4 notched concrete blocks are united with each other to form a watermark hole. Which is a block made of wall structure characterized.

A concrete block for building is generally provided with a rectangular or square front, back and top / bottom / left / right end faces that have a rectangular parallelepiped shape. It is formed into a wall or a wall by stacking. At that time, the horizontal end surfaces of the two concrete blocks adjacent to the upper and lower sides and the vertical end surfaces of the two concrete blocks adjacent to the left and right are respectively bonded to each other with joint mortars, and are also formed into horizontal grooves formed in the horizontal end surfaces. Are arranged at predetermined intervals in the vertical groove formed in the vertical end face, and mortar is filled around the horizontal stripes and the vertical stripes. The above-mentioned building concrete block can be a decorative concrete block whose surface is subjected to processing such as cracked skin, polishing, and shot blasting.

The notched concrete block used in the present invention is formed by forming a notch portion extending in the thickness direction on a part of the outer peripheral surface composed of the vertical end surface and the horizontal end surface of the concrete block. It can be provided at the center of the end face or the horizontal end face, and can be provided in such a manner that the corners where the vertical end face and the horizontal end face intersect are removed. In other words, it can be provided across the adjacent vertical end face and horizontal end face. Moreover, when providing said notch part in the center part of a vertical end surface or a horizontal end surface, the shape will be arbitrary if it is groove shape, and a semicircle, a semi-ellipse, a triangle, a square etc. can be selected. On the other hand, when it is provided at the corner, it can be any shape as long as the corner of the corner can be removed and a space can be formed at the corner, and a flat surface, convex curved surface, concave curved surface, saddle-shaped curved surface, etc. are selected. be able to.

For example, when two building concrete blocks having a notch formed at the center of a horizontal end face or a vertical end face are arranged so that the notches face each other across the joint, one notch and the other The cutout part is united to form a large watermark hole. Also, when four building concrete blocks with cutouts at the corners are gathered and arranged in two rows on the top and bottom and two rows on the right and left sides so that the cutouts meet, the four cutouts are connected to each other. Merge to form a large watermark hole. Also, one concrete block with a notch at the center of the horizontal end face and two building concrete blocks with notches at the corners are placed so that the three notches meet. When arranged in the shape of a letter, the notch at the center of the horizontal end face and the two notches at the corner are combined to form a large watermark hole. That is, a large watermark hole composed of 2 to 4 notches is formed at the center of the array of 2 to 4 concrete blocks.

The above-notched concrete block can be used to construct a wall using only this, and a watermark hole can be formed on the entire surface of the wall. It is also possible to construct a wall by mixing with a normal concrete block that differs only in that it does not have a notch, and to form a watermark hole in a part of the wall.

And the above-mentioned concrete block with a notch is formed by forming a notch portion extending in the thickness direction in a part of the outer peripheral surface composed of a vertical end surface and a horizontal end surface, and forming a concave groove for reinforcing bars on the remaining end surface. Therefore, compared to the case where a watermark hole is formed in the center of the concrete block, the recessed groove for bar arrangement provided on the end face can be formed deeper and wider, so that it is possible to ensure the thickness of the mortar that wraps the reinforcing bar. Moreover, the use of thick reinforcing bars is possible, and the durability and structural strength of the wall body are improved. In addition, in the wall structure consisting of the above-mentioned concrete blocks with notches, when using notches formed on the vertical end surface, the assembling form can be either piled up or staggered. When the notch is formed at the horizontal end face and at the corner, the stacking in which the joint lines in the vertical direction are continuous is adopted.

In particular, when two or more cutouts are formed in the center of the horizontal end face, two equal concrete blocks are arranged one above the other, with the cutouts on the upper concrete block facing down, By turning the notch upward, a plurality of watermark holes are formed vertically symmetrically along the horizontal end surface. If two or more cutouts are formed in the center of the vertical end face, two equal concrete blocks are lined up on the left and right, the cutouts on the left concrete block are directed to the right, and the right concrete block A plurality of watermark holes are formed symmetrically along the vertical end surface by turning the notch portion leftward.

When the above-mentioned concrete block with a notch is used to form a watermark hole by using two or more notches formed at the center of a vertical end face or a horizontal end face, it is not necessarily two equal concrete pieces. It is not necessary to use blocks, and it is possible to use different notches in the position, number, shape, and the like. However, by using these equal ones, when assembling, assembling is possible only by reversing one direction and having a cross-sectional area twice as large as that of the notch. A neat watermark hole is obtained with no deviation in the adjacent part.

Moreover, when the above-mentioned notched concrete block for building is formed at the corner, the position of the notch is a lower right, lower left, upper right, and upper left total 4 When the pieces are arranged in the order of upper left, upper right, lower left and lower right, and the above cutouts are positioned at the center of the four concrete blocks, the four cutouts merge to form one watermark hole. Is done. For example, when the notch is formed on a flat surface extending across the vertical end surface and the horizontal end surface, a watermark hole with a diamond-shaped cross section is formed, and when the notch is formed with a quadrant, a circular cross section is formed. A watermark hole is formed.

The above-mentioned notched concrete block does not necessarily need to use four equal concrete blocks in the construction of the wall, but can be used in which the notch has different positions, shapes, etc. across the horizontal end face and the vertical end face. When these are equal, a watermark hole having a uniform cross-sectional shape is formed without any deviation between adjacent portions of the four notches.

However, two of the four concrete blocks arranged diagonally only need to change the direction of the one with the same shape, but the adjacent concrete blocks need to be turned over, so the concrete block front and back finishes are different. Requires two types of concrete blocks. On the other hand, when the cutouts have the same position and shape across the horizontal and vertical end faces, and the front and back finishes are equal, the concrete block adjacent to the left and right and top and bottom is one concrete block. By reversing the front and back and changing the direction, and by changing only the direction of the concrete block located diagonally, there is no watermark in the adjacent part of the four cutouts, and a watermark hole with a uniform cross-sectional shape is formed. It is formed.

In the construction of the wall structure according to claim 1, in the construction thereof, 2 to 4 pieces of notches that span in the thickness direction are formed in advance on a part of the outer peripheral surface, and concave grooves for reinforcing bars are formed on the other part. Since a concrete block with a notch is used and a watermark hole is formed on the wall surface by the union of the notch, the watermark hole can be made large and formed in various shapes, thereby improving the design. Further, since the concave groove for reinforcing bars can be widened, the thickness of the reinforcing bars can be increased by increasing the amount of mortar, and a thick reinforcing bar can be used, thereby improving the durability and structural strength of the wall structure.

Since the wall structure according to claim 2 is formed by forming a notch in the shape of a groove in the center of one of the top, bottom, left, and right end faces, one type of concrete block is used, and one top or bottom or By simply reversing the left and right directions, the watermark holes can be formed by stacking, and there is no need to prepare two types of notched concrete blocks.

The wall structure according to claim 3 is arranged by arranging four concrete blocks side by side in two upper and lower tiers and two rows on the left and right sides, so that the corners where the notches are formed face each other, Four notches can be merged to form a large watermark hole.

Embodiment 1
FIG. 1 shows an example of a building concrete block 10 according to claim 1, wherein (a) is a front view of a partially crushed portion, and (b) is a right side view thereof. The building concrete block 10 includes a front surface 11, a rear surface 12, a left side surface (vertical end surface) 13, a right side surface (vertical end surface) 14, an upper surface (horizontal end surface) 15, and a bottom surface (horizontal end surface) 16, and has a substantially rectangular parallelepiped outline. It has. Then, a notch 16a in the front-rear direction is recessed in the shape of a square cross section at the center of the bottom surface (horizontal end surface) 16, and a concave groove 13a for arranging vertical stripes is formed on the left side surface (vertical end surface) 13. A concave groove 14a for arranging vertical stripes is formed on the (vertical end face) 14, and a concave groove 15a for arranging horizontal stripes is provided on the upper surface (horizontal end face) 15 in the same semicircular sectional shape.

FIG. 2 shows an example of a wall structure using the building concrete block 10 of FIG. 1, 10 is the notched concrete block of FIG. 1, and 10 A is the above notched building concrete block 10. A large watermark hole 16b is formed by the two upper and lower cutout portions 16a in the joint portion of the concrete blocks 10 and 10A. Then, around the two notched building concrete blocks 10 and 10A, the notched building blocks 10 and 10A have the same vertical, horizontal and thickness dimensions as the notched building concrete blocks 10 and 10A. A normal building concrete block 17 having no structure is stacked.

The normal building concrete block 17 and the notched building concrete blocks 10 and 10A are piled up through vertical and horizontal joint mortars 18 in accordance with a conventional method, and the vertical bars T which are erected in advance are the concrete blocks. 10, 10A or 17 is inserted into the longitudinal groove arranging concave groove 14a adjacent to the concrete block 10, 10A or 17, and the horizontal stripe W is inserted into the lateral stripe arranging concave groove 15a adjacent to the concrete block 10, 10A or 17. However, this horizontal bar W is arranged every two steps, avoiding the joint portion of the notched building concrete blocks 10, 10A. Then, after completing the assembling, concrete is filled into the concave grooves 14a and 15a through which the vertical bars T and the horizontal bars W are passed.

Embodiment 2
FIG. 2 is an example in which the notched building concrete block 10 of FIG. 1 is used as a part of the wall structure, but FIG. 3 includes only the notched building concrete block 10 of FIG. The wall structure is shown. In the first stage, only the concrete blocks 10A having the notch portions formed on the upper surface are arranged, and in the second stage, only the concrete blocks 10 having the notch portions formed on the lower surface are arranged. By repeating, a watermark hole 16b is formed over the entire wall surface.

Embodiment 3
FIG. 4 shows an example of a building concrete block 20 according to claim 3, wherein (a) is a front view of a partially crushed portion, and (b) is a right side view thereof. The building concrete block 20 includes a front surface 21, a rear surface 22, a left side surface (vertical end surface) 23, a right side surface (vertical end surface) 24, an upper surface (horizontal end surface) 25, and a bottom surface (horizontal end surface) 26, and has a substantially rectangular outline. It has. A flat cutout 27 is formed at the lower right corner so as to incline from the bottom surface (horizontal end surface) 26 to the right side surface (vertical end surface), and the left side surface (vertical end surface) 23 is used for arranging vertical stripes. A concave groove 23a is formed on the upper surface (horizontal end surface) 25, and a concave groove 25a for arranging horizontal stripes is formed in the same semicircular cross-sectional shape.

FIG. 5 shows an example of a wall structure using the building concrete block 20 shown in FIG. 4. The concrete block 20 located in the upper left is provided with a notch 27 in the lower right as in FIG. The notched concrete block 20A located on the upper right is symmetrically provided with the notch on the lower left and the upper left, and the notched concrete block 20B located on the lower left is symmetrical with the notch on the upper left. The notched concrete block 20C located at the lower right is provided with a notch on the upper left symmetrical to the upper right, and the four concrete blocks 20, 20A, 20B and 20C have rhombuses by the notches. A watermark hole 27a is formed.

That is, the concrete blocks 20A and 20B located in the upper right and lower left in FIG. 5 have a shape in which the upper left concrete block 20 is turned upside down, and the lower right concrete block 20C moves the upper left concrete block 20 to the right or left 180. It is a shape rotated by degrees. Therefore, in FIG. 4, when the front surface 21 and the back surface 22 have the same finish, the four equal concrete blocks 20 can be used to make the watermark hole 27a of FIG. Moreover, when the finishes of the front surface 21 and the back surface 22 are different, the watermark hole 27a can be made using two types of concrete blocks.

And the watermark hole 27a is formed in the whole wall surface by building up a wall surface by piling up the above-mentioned set of four concrete blocks 20, 20A, 20B and 20C vertically and horizontally. In addition, a normal type concrete block having the same length, width, and thickness as the above concrete block 20 and having no notch is used in combination, and a set of four above is formed on a part of the wall surface of the normal type concrete block. By arranging the concrete blocks 20, 20A, 20B and 20C, the watermark hole 27a can be formed in a part of the wall surface.

The normal building concrete block and the notched building concrete block 20, 20A, 20B and 20C are stacked in piles through vertical and horizontal joint mortars according to a conventional method. In order not to cross the watermark hole 27a, the bars are arranged in two rows or two tiers, and concrete is filled after assembling.

It is the front view and side view of the concrete block of Embodiment 1. It is a front view of the assembled state using the concrete block of FIG. It is a front view of another assembled state. It is the front view and side view of a concrete block of Embodiment 2. It is a front view of the assembled state using the concrete block of FIG.

Explanation of symbols

10, 10A, 17, 20, 20A, 20B, 20C: Concrete block for building 11, 21: Front surface 12, 22: Back surface 13, 23: Left side surface (vertical end surface)
14, 24: Right side surface (vertical end surface)
15, 25: Upper surface (horizontal end surface)
16, 26: bottom surface (horizontal end surface)
13a, 14a, 15a, 23a, 25a: concave groove 16a: notch, 16b: open hole 18: joint mortar 27: notch, 27a: open hole T: vertical stripe, W: horizontal stripe

Claims (3)

A large number of concrete blocks of equal length, width and thickness are stacked through joint mortar, and vertical and horizontal bars are arranged between the vertical end faces and horizontal end faces for each of the above concrete blocks. In a wall structure in which mortar is filled around the vertical and horizontal bars, at least a part of the wall structure is preliminarily formed in a thickness direction on a part of the outer peripheral surface including the vertical end surface and the horizontal end surface of the concrete block. 2 to 4 notched concrete blocks, each of which has a notch extending over and a recessed groove for reinforcing bar formation in the other part, are arranged together so as to face each other at the notch, A block characterized in that a notch portion of two to four concrete blocks with notches is combined with each other to form a watermark hole. Wall structure. A notched concrete block has a notch formed in the center of one of the top, bottom, left and right end faces, and two of these notched concrete blocks face each other. The block wall structure according to claim 1, wherein the block wall structure is assembled so as to allow the blocks to be stacked. The notched concrete block has a flat, curved, or groove-shaped notch that removes the corner at the corner where one of the horizontal, vertical, and vertical edges intersects the top, bottom, left, and right end faces. The block wall structure according to claim 1, wherein four of the notched concrete blocks are stacked so as to abut the notched portion.

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