JP2006089992A - Bucket for work machine - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To change the bottom plate part front edge of a bucket body, without performing attaching-detaching work, in a bucket equipped on the work part tip of a shovel machine. <P>SOLUTION: This bucket has the bucket body 1 having a plurality of adapters 11 juxtaposed in and fixed to a front part of a bottom plate part 10 and a tooth 51 respectively installed in the adapters 11, and a tooth member 2 installed in the bottom plate part 10 and having a tooth part 21 having an excavation characteristic different from the tooth 51 on the tip; and comprises a hinge A for rotatably pivoting the tooth member 2 in the bottom plate part between a use position for projecting the tooth part 21 more than the front edge of the bottom plate part 10 and a storage position for retreating the tooth member 21 more than the front edge of the bottom plate part 10, a first fixing means B for fixing the tooth member 21 to the use position, and a second fixing means C for fixing the tooth member 21 to the storage position. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a bucket equipped with a tooth for excavation work, which is equipped at a work machine, in particular, a work tip of a hydraulic excavator.

A work machine that excavates, such as a hydraulic excavator, has an arm member such as a boom and an arm that can be swung up and down on a machine body that can travel, and a bucket can be swung up and down at the tip of the arm member. The arm member is swung up and down, and the bucket is swung up and down to excavate earth and sand and load the excavated earth and sand on a truck or the like.
Such buckets are provided with a plurality of point-shaped excavation blades called teeth at the front edge of the bottom plate portion of the bucket body, and flat plate flat blades along the front edge of the bottom plate portion of the bucket body. There are things. According to the bucket having the tooth, since the earth and sand can be excavated by a plurality of teeth, the excavation can be efficiently performed even on a hard ground, and is suitable for ground excavation. On the other hand, according to a bucket with a flat blade, the excavation surface can be excavated with a flat blade to a flat surface, and further, excavation and leveling operations can be performed along the flat surface, and chips accumulated on the base can be accumulated. It is suitable for snow removal work on the road surface and slope finishing work.

In this way, since the bucket has a shape according to its use, if the bucket is replaced according to the type of work, the workability is improved, but the bucket replacement work requires a lot of time and labor, If the bucket itself is replaced every time the type of work is changed, the workability is poor, and a replacement bucket must be prepared at the work site.
Therefore, prepare a flat blade attachment to cover the teeth on the front edge of the bottom plate of the bucket body, and remove the flat blade attachment when excavating the ground. Various techniques have been developed for performing work using a plurality of teeth and performing work with a flat blade attachment when excavating along a flat surface (for example, Patent Documents 1 and 2).

Patent Document 3 describes a technique for preparing an attachment that can be attached to and detached from the front end edge of the bucket body, and attaching and removing the attachment according to the type of work, although the attachment is not a type that covers the tooth.
Patent Document 4 does not cover the tooth, but allows the flat blade parallel to the tooth to slide in and out so that it does not interfere with the tooth when excavating the ground. It is disclosed that a work is performed using a tooth after being buried, and a work is performed using a flat blade with a flat blade protruding from the tooth when excavating along a flat surface.

In Patent Document 5, a flat plate that can appear and disappear between the teeth is provided, and when excavating the ground, the flat plate is buried (sliding) so as not to interfere with the tooth, and the work is performed using the tooth to make a flat surface. During excavation, etc., the flat blade is projected to the same level as the tooth, and a flat blade is formed by integrating a plurality of teeth and a flat plate between them, so that the flat blade can be used for work. Has been disclosed.
Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 61-193161 Japanese Patent No. 2878632 Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 6-24041 JP 9-195305 A JP 2001-40689 A

However, the above prior art has the following problems.
In the case of using a detachable attachment as in Patent Documents 1 to 3, even an attachment is heavy, so the burden of the detachment work is large. If the attachment is divided, the weight of each part can be reduced. However, if the attachment is divided, these will be added to form a flat blade. There may be streaks on the surface.

  Further, in the techniques of Patent Documents 4 and 5, workability is good because there is no need to attach and detach a heavy attachment, but a member corresponding to the attachment needs to appear and slide (slide movement). The drive means for sliding is required, the configuration is complicated, and the weight and cost are greatly increased. Moreover, in order to securely fix the member in the extended state and the retracted state, the drive means is not burdened. A fixing means is required.

  The present invention has been devised in view of such problems, and can be used by changing the front edge of the bottom plate portion of the bucket body to a form corresponding to the work contents with a simple configuration without performing the attaching / detaching operation. An object of the present invention is to provide a working machine bucket.

  In order to achieve the above object, a bucket for work machine according to the present invention includes a plurality of adapters arranged side by side and fixed to a front portion of a bottom plate portion, and a bucket body having teeth respectively attached to the adapter, and the bucket body. A tooth member having a tooth portion attached to the bottom plate portion and having a digging characteristic different from that of the tooth, and a use position where the tooth portion protrudes from a front edge of the bottom plate portion; and Pivot support means for pivotally supporting the tooth member on the bottom plate portion so as to be rotatable between a retracted position retracted from the front edge of the bottom plate portion, and first fixing means for fixing the tooth member to the use position; A second fixing means for fixing the tooth member to the retracted position is provided.

Further, it is preferable that the pivot supporting means is a hinge having an axis parallel to the front edge of the bottom plate portion provided on the lower surface front edge portion of the bottom plate portion and the base end portion of the tooth member.
Further, the first fixing means and the second fixing means are mounted so as to pass through the tooth member side shaft hole provided on the tooth member side, the bottom plate portion side shaft hole, and the tooth member side shaft hole. It is preferable that it is comprised from the shaft member.

  The shaft member includes an eccentric outer peripheral surface portion that is eccentric with respect to the shaft center line of the shaft member, and the eccentric outer peripheral surface portion is adjusted by phase adjustment in the bottom plate portion side shaft hole or the tooth member side shaft hole. It is preferable that the tooth member is configured to be pressed and fixed to the bottom plate portion side using the above.

  According to the bucket for work machine of the present invention, the tooth member attached to the adapter of the bottom plate portion of the bucket body is appropriately rotated so that the tooth member attached to the bottom plate portion of the bucket body has the tooth portion at the tip as the bottom plate. The working position is fixed by the first fixing means as the use position protruding from the front edge of the portion, so that the work can be performed using the tooth portion of the tooth member, and the tooth member attached to the bottom plate portion of the bucket body is appropriately rotated. The tooth portion at the tip of the tooth member is moved and fixed by the second fixing means as the retracted position where the tooth portion is retracted from the front edge of the bottom plate portion, so that the work is performed using the tooth at the front edge of the bottom plate portion of the bucket body. As described above, the front edge of the bottom plate portion of the bucket body can be changed to a form corresponding to the work content and used with a simple configuration in which the first fixing means or the second fixing means is simply fixed at each position.

  Either the first fixing means or the second fixing means is provided by using the pivot means as a hinge having an axis parallel to the front edge of the bottom plate portion provided on the lower surface front edge portion of the bottom plate portion and the base end portion of the tooth member. By releasing such fixation, it becomes possible to perform rotation between the use position and the storage position of the tooth member by freeing the tip of the tooth member and operating the bucket. The usage mode of the tooth can be easily switched.

The first fixing means and the second fixing means are provided with a tooth member side shaft hole provided on the tooth member side and a shaft member mounted so as to penetrate the bottom plate portion side shaft hole and the tooth member side shaft hole. Thus, the tooth member can be fixed to the bucket body simply by aligning the bottom plate portion side shaft hole and the tooth member side shaft hole and passing the shaft member through the shaft hole.
The shaft member is provided with an eccentric outer peripheral surface portion that is eccentric with respect to the shaft center line of the shaft member, and the tooth member is used by utilizing the eccentricity by adjusting the phase in the bottom plate side shaft hole or the tooth member side shaft hole of the eccentric outer peripheral surface portion. If it is configured to be able to be pressed and fixed to the bottom plate side, the tooth member can be firmly fixed to the bucket body by a simple operation.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
1 to 8 show a bucket for a working machine according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1 is a side view of an essential part thereof, FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a tooth member and an attachment member thereof, and FIG. FIG. 4 is a view showing the tooth member, FIG. 5 is a view showing the attachment member, FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing the tooth attached to the adapter, and FIG. 7 is a schematic side view showing the bottom plate portion. FIG. 8 and FIG. 8 are schematic side views for explaining the fixing of the tooth member.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the bucket for work machine includes a bucket body 1 provided with a plurality of adapters 11 projecting from the front end of the bottom plate portion 10 to which a tooth (first tooth) 51 is attached, A tooth member 2 having a base end pivotally attached to the lower surface of the bottom plate portion 10 of the bucket body 1 is provided. A tooth (second tooth) 21 having a shape different from that of the first tooth 51 is provided at the tip of the tooth member 2.

  That is, the first tooth 51 of the bucket body 1 is a pointed excavation blade, and can be efficiently excavated even on hard ground or the like, and is suitable for ground excavation. On the other hand, the second tooth 21 of the tooth member 2 is a flat blade (flat claw tooth) continuous in a flat plate shape along the front edge of the bottom plate portion, and is excavated on a flat surface, It is suitable for the work of accumulating chips accumulated on the top, the snow removal work of the road surface, and the like.

  As shown in FIGS. 2 and 4, the tooth member 2 is formed by processing a flat plate, and a pivoting boss 22 having a pivotal mounting shaft hole 22a is fixed to the proximal end, and a second end is provided at the distal end. The tooth 21 is provided with a notch 23 corresponding to the tooth 51 of the bucket body 1 so that the tooth member 2 does not interfere with the tooth 11. Here, since three teeth 51 of the bucket body 1 are provided except for both ends, three notches 23 are also provided. A fixing boss 24 having a fixing shaft hole (tooth member side shaft hole) 24a is fixedly provided at a position close to the second tooth 21 at the tip. Both the pivot boss 22 and the fixing boss 24 are divided into a plurality of parts, and these are provided at intervals.

  Corresponding to the pivot boss 22, a plurality of pivot bosses 42 having pivot pivot shafts 41 a inside are fixed to the lower surface of the bottom plate 10 of the bucket body 1, as shown in FIGS. 5 (a) and 5 (b). The tooth member 2 is arranged such that the pivot-wearing boss 41 is located between the pivot-wearing bosses 22 divided into a plurality of parts, and the shaft holes 22a and 41a of the pivot-wearing bosses 22 and 41 are arranged. By inserting the shaft 31 into the inside, a hinge (pivoting means) A having an axial center line along the front end of the bucket body 1 is formed, and the tooth member 2 is pivotally attached to the bottom surface of the bottom plate portion 10 of the bucket body 1. I am letting.

  As a result of this pivotal attachment, the tooth member 2 is rotatable about the shaft 31 as shown by arrows a1 and a2, as shown in FIG. It is possible to change the use position (refer to the solid line) toward the rear and the storage position (refer to the two-dot chain line) where the tooth part 21 is directed to the rear of the bottom plate part 10. A stopper (not shown) is provided that restricts the rotation of the tooth member 2 around the shaft 31 in the vicinity of the use position and in the vicinity of the retracted position. The tooth member 2 has an arrow a1 in the vicinity of the use position. The rotation in the direction is described, and the rotation in the direction of the arrow a2 is described in the vicinity of the storage position.

  Furthermore, a plurality of fixing brackets 42 for fixing the tooth member 2 to the retracted position are fixed to the lower surface of the bottom plate portion 10 of the bucket body 1. The fixing bracket 42 is formed in a dogleg shape in a side view and is provided with both ends fixed to the bottom plate portion 10. The fixing bracket 42, the fixing boss 24 having the shaft hole 24a, and the shaft 32 constitute a storage position fixing means (second fixing means) C, and the fixing boss 24 divided into a plurality of parts is fixed. By rotating the tooth member 2 so as to be positioned above the bent portion of the bracket 42 for insertion, and inserting the shaft (shaft member) 32 into the shaft hole 24a of each fixing boss 24, the shaft 32 is fixed. Therefore, the tooth member 2 can be fixed to the bucket body 1 in the retracted position.

  Further, the tooth 51 is configured as shown in FIG. 6 in order to fix the tooth member 2 in the use position. An insertion hole 51 a is formed in the tooth 51, and the adapter 11 of the bucket body 1 is mounted in a state in which the adapter 11 enters the insertion hole 51 a, that is, the tooth 51 is covered with the tooth 11. The tooth 51, an eccentric spacer 42, which will be described later, and the shaft 32 constitute a use position fixing means (first fixing means) B, and the fixing boss 24 divided into a plurality is positioned on the upper surface of the tooth 51. By rotating the tooth member 2 so that the shaft 32 is inserted into the shaft hole 24 a of each fixing boss 24, the shaft 32 is locked to the upper surface of the tooth 51. The tooth member 2 can be fixed at the use position.

  By the way, in the case of this embodiment, the shaft 32 is configured as a bolt in which a prismatic portion (in this case, a quadrangular prism shape) 32a is formed at an intermediate portion and a male screw 32b is processed at a tip portion. The columnar portion 32 a is inserted into the shaft hole 24 a of each fixing boss 24. Further, as shown in FIGS. 5 (e) and 5 (f), a prismatic shaft that is eccentric with respect to the outer peripheral surface is provided at a position between the fixing bosses 24 of the prismatic portion 32a of the shaft 32. An eccentric spacer 44 having a hole 44a is fitted.

  That is, after the eccentric spacer 44 is inserted into the shaft 32 in advance, the shaft 32 is inserted into the shaft hole 24 a of the fixing boss 24 at either of the left and right ends provided in the tooth member 2, and is again attached to the shaft 32. The eccentric spacer 44 is inserted, and the shaft 32 is passed through the next fixing boss 24. This procedure is repeated to pass the shaft 32 through all the fixing bosses 24. Thus, each eccentric spacer 44 is positioned on the upper surface of the bent portion (see FIG. 2) or the upper surface of the tooth 51 (see FIG. 3) of the fixing bracket 42. In addition, the eccentric spacer 44 is provided only in the fixing bracket 42 or the tooth 51 located between the fixing bosses 24 without attaching the eccentric spacer 44 to the fixing bracket 42 or the tooth 51 at both ends. You may make it make it.

  Then, the shaft 32 is appropriately rotated, and the tooth member 2 is pressed against the fixing bracket 42 of the bucket body 1 or the tooth 51 at both ends using the eccentricity of the eccentric spacer 44, and then the nut 33 is screwed to the male screw 32b. By fastening, the tooth member 2 can be firmly fixed to the bucket body 1 (the fixing bracket 42 or the tooth 51 at both ends). The outer diameter of the eccentric spacer 44 is set substantially equal to the outer diameter of the fixing boss 24 so that the shaft 32 and the eccentric spacer 44 can be rotated to some extent within the shaft hole 24a.

  Since the bucket for work machines according to one embodiment of the present invention is configured as described above, for example, when excavating hard ground, the tooth member 2 is stored as shown in FIG. If the tooth portion (second tooth) 21 of the tooth member 2 is fixed to the position, and the tooth (first tooth) 51 of the bucket body 1 is retracted, the tooth 51 is positioned at the foremost position. Good. Thereby, excavation work, such as hard ground, can be performed efficiently using the tooth 51.

  On the other hand, when the excavation surface is excavated into a flat surface or further excavated along the flat surface, the tooth member 2 is fixed to the use position as shown in FIG. The tooth portion (second tooth) 21 may be positioned forward of the tooth (first tooth) 51 of the bucket body 1 so that the tooth portion 21 is positioned most forward. Thereby, flat surface processing etc. can be performed efficiently using the edge part on the straight line of the tooth part 21. FIG.

  In order to switch between the storage position and the use position, first, the nut 33 is removed from the male screw 32b of the shaft 32, the shaft 32 is removed from the shaft hole 24a together with the eccentric spacer 44 and the like, and the tip of the tooth member 2 is free. To. Since the tooth member 2 rotates around the axis along the front end of the bucket body 1 (that is, in the front-rear direction of the bucket), even if the hinged hinge portion becomes hard, simple operation of the bucket ( For example, it can be easily rotated by a back-and-forth swing operation.

  When the target position (use position or storage position) tooth member 2 is rotated, the shaft 32 is inserted into the shaft hole 24a while the eccentric spacer 44 is attached to the shaft 32 in the middle. At this time, as shown in FIGS. 8 (a) and 8 (b), the eccentric diameter of the eccentric spacer 44 is utilized so that the maximum diameter L2 side of the eccentric spacer 44 is the bucket body 1 side (the tooth 51 side in the use position, the fixed position in the storage position). The tooth member 2 is pressed to the rotation limit side (a1 direction at the use position and a2 direction at the retracted position) regulated by a stopper (not shown). Accordingly, the tooth member 2 is sandwiched between the tooth 51 and a stopper (not shown) in the use position, and is sandwiched between the fixing bracket 42 and a stopper (not shown) in the storage position, and can be firmly fixed to the storage position or the use position without play. . For example, the major axis side of the eccentric spacer 44 indicates a portion having the maximum distance among the one diameter portions where the distance from the center of the prismatic shaft hole 44a to the outer peripheral surface is the minimum L1 and the maximum L2.

In this way, the tooth member 2 can be securely fixed at the retracted position or the use position, and therefore, the work can be smoothly performed without rattling of the tooth member 2 during the subsequent work.
Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention.
For example, in the above-described embodiment, the tooth (first tooth) 41 of the bucket body 1 is a pointed excavation blade, and the tooth portion (second tooth) 21 of the tooth member 2 is a flat blade continuous in a flat plate shape. However, it is sufficient that the first tooth and the second tooth have different excavation characteristics.

It is a principal part side view which shows the bucket for working machines as one Embodiment of this invention. It is a perspective view which shows the tooth member of the bucket for working machines as one Embodiment of this invention, and its attachment member. It is a perspective view which shows the bucket for working machines as one Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the tooth member of the bucket for work machines as one Embodiment of this invention, Comprising: (a) is the top view, (b) is a side view. It is a figure which shows the attachment member of the bucket for work machines as one Embodiment of this invention, Comprising: (a) is a bottom view which shows the bracket for the pivots, (b) is a front view which shows the bracket for the pivots, (C) is a bottom view showing the storage fixing bracket, (d) is a front view showing the storage fixing bracket, (e) is a side view showing the spacer, and (f) is an end view showing the spacer. is there. It is a perspective view which shows the adapter with which the tooth | gear of the bucket for working machines as one Embodiment of this invention is mounted | worn. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS It is a typical side view which shows the baseplate part of the bucket for work machines as one Embodiment of this invention, (a) shows the case where the tooth member is in use, (b) shows a tooth member. Indicates the storage state. It is a typical side view explaining fixation of the tooth member of the bucket for work machines as one embodiment of the present invention, (a) shows fixation to use condition, and (b) shows fixation to a storage condition. .

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Bucket body 2 Tooth member 10 Bottom plate part 11 Adapter 21 Tooth part (2nd tooth)
24, 42 Fixing boss 44 Eccentric spacer 51 Tooth (first tooth)
A hinge B first fixing means C second fixing means

Claims (4)

A bucket body having a plurality of adapters arranged and fixed to the front part of the bottom plate part and teeth respectively attached to the adapters;
A tooth member attached to the bottom plate portion of the bucket body and having a tooth portion having a digging characteristic different from that of the tooth at the tip;
The tooth member is pivoted to the bottom plate portion so that the tooth member can rotate between a use position where the tooth portion protrudes from the front edge of the bottom plate portion and a storage position where the tooth portion retracts from the front edge of the bottom plate portion. Supporting pivot means,
First fixing means for fixing the tooth member in the use position;
A bucket for work machines, comprising: a second fixing means for fixing the tooth member to the storage position. 2. The hinge according to claim 1, wherein the pivot support means is a hinge provided on a lower surface front edge portion of the bottom plate portion and a proximal end portion of the tooth member and having an axis parallel to the front edge of the bottom plate portion. Bucket for work machines. The first fixing means and the second fixing means include a tooth member side shaft hole provided on the tooth member side, and a shaft mounted so as to penetrate the bottom plate portion side shaft hole and the tooth member side shaft hole. The bucket for work machines according to claim 1, further comprising a member. The shaft member is provided with an eccentric outer peripheral surface portion that is eccentric with respect to the shaft center line of the shaft member, and the eccentricity is utilized by adjusting the phase of the eccentric outer peripheral surface portion in the bottom plate portion side shaft hole or in the tooth member side shaft hole. The bucket for work machines according to claim 3, wherein the tooth member is configured to be able to be pressed and fixed to the bottom plate portion side.

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