JP2006089453A - Mineral preparation, raw material for the same, and method for producing these - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a food or a pharmaceutical having added value, by effectively utilizing defatted sesame which is a by-product in production of sesame oil. <P>SOLUTION: A raw material for a mineral preparation is obtained by baking the defatted sesame. The mineral preparation having good internal absorbability is obtained by recovering minerals from the raw material for the mineral preparation. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to mineral preparations, raw materials for mineral preparations, and methods for producing them. The invention also relates to a method for recovering minerals from defatted sesame.

  Sesame seeds contain about 50% by mass of lipid and are used as a raw material for sesame oil. On the other hand, the remaining components obtained by squeezing sesame oil, that is, defatted sesame corresponding to about 50% by mass of sesame seeds are hardly used effectively. Since this defatted sesame is subjected to considerable heat in the sesame oil extraction process, it exhibits a dark brown color due to protein degradation products and the like and has a nasty smell. Therefore, it is difficult to use it as a food as it is, and most of it is treated as industrial waste.

  In recent years, utilization methods that focus on the active ingredients contained in defatted sesame have been proposed. For example, defatted sesame seeds are mixed with edible flours such as soy flour, cereals, rice bran flour, various starches, etc., using a small amount of lipids and a large amount of protein and sesaminol trisaccharide. Powders are disclosed (Patent Document 1). Further, it is disclosed that a methanol-soluble and 1-butanol-soluble fraction extracted from defatted sesame contains sesamin or sesamol and can be used as a sugar and lipid metabolizer (Patent Document 2).

On the other hand, sesame seeds generally contain 35 mg / 100 g or more of oxalic acid and 5000 mg / 100 g or more of phytic acid. These oxalic acid and phytic acid inhibit mineral metabolism and reduce the effectiveness of minerals. For example, sesame seeds, particularly sesame seed coats, contain a large amount of calcium, but most of them are present as calcium oxalate, so that it is known that calcium derived from sesame seed coats has a poor absorption rate. Therefore, it has been studied to obtain calcium having good absorbability of calcium into the body by baking sesame seed coat (Patent Document 3). However, the mineral obtained by this method is a mineral preparation with a high calcium content, and a well-balanced mineral preparation that is rich in other minerals such as magnesium is required in addition to calcium.
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-276661 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-246427 Japanese Patent No. 3189004

  An object of the present invention is to provide a food or medicine having added value by effectively utilizing defatted sesame, which is a by-product of sesame oil production.

  The present inventors obtain a mineral preparation raw material from which oxalic acid and phytic acid have been removed by baking defatted sesame, and this mineral preparation raw material contains a large amount of magnesium, calcium, and potassium. In particular, the present invention was completed by finding that a high proportion of magnesium was contained, and that the mineral could be easily recovered by extraction using an acidic aqueous solution, and that this mineral was easily absorbed by the body. It came to do.

  The raw material for mineral preparations of the present invention can be obtained by baking defatted sesame.

  The manufacturing method of the raw material for mineral preparations of this invention includes the process of baking defatted sesame.

  The mineral preparation of this invention contains the mineral collect | recovered from the said raw material for mineral preparations.

  In a preferred embodiment, it contains magnesium, calcium, and potassium, and the proportion of the magnesium in the total mass of the magnesium, the calcium, and the potassium is 20% by mass or more.

  The manufacturing method of the mineral preparation of this invention includes the process of mixing the said raw material for mineral preparations and acidic aqueous solution, and the process of collect | recovering aqueous solution phases.

  The method for recovering minerals from defatted sesame seeds of the present invention includes a step of baking the defatted sesame seeds to obtain a raw material for mineral preparation, a step of mixing the raw material for mineral preparation and an acidic aqueous solution, and a step of recovering the aqueous phase.

  According to the present invention, a mineral preparation having a low content of oxalic acid and / or phytic acid from defatted sesame and a good absorbability of minerals into the body, particularly containing a large amount of magnesium, calcium, and potassium, A mineral preparation containing a high proportion of magnesium is provided. By ingesting the mineral preparation of the present invention, minerals can be ingested in a balanced and efficient manner.

  In the present invention, the raw material for mineral preparation is obtained by baking the defatted sesame, and the mineral preparation is obtained by recovering the mineral from the raw material for mineral preparation. Hereinafter, the defatted sesame, the raw material for mineral preparation, and the mineral preparation will be described in order.

(Degreased Sesame)
In the present invention, defatted sesame refers to a residue generated in the process of industrially recovering sesame oil from sesame. Specifically, this defatted sesame is obtained by squeezing sesame.

  Sesame as a raw material of defatted sesame used in the present invention is an annual seed belonging to the sesame family, and any edible sesame can be used. Examples include varieties such as black black widow, white black widow, yellow kigoma, and golden kongoma. The sesame may be pre-treated sesame, for example, dehulled sesame, fried sesame or the like. Peeling sesame is obtained by peeling the seed coat of sesame using, for example, a rotary shifter, a rotary screen, a specific gravity separator (wind sorter) or the like. The roasted sesame is obtained, for example, by roasting sesame at a relatively high temperature.

(Raw materials for mineral preparations)
The raw material for mineral preparations of the present invention can be obtained by baking defatted sesame. By calcining, the content of oxalic acid and / or phytic acid in the calcined product, that is, the raw material for mineral preparations can be reduced, the mineral content can be increased, and the mineral is reconstituted into a form that is easily absorbed by the body. be able to. When the degree of firing is low, a raw material for mineral preparations containing some oxalic acid and phytic acid is obtained, but a raw material for mineral preparations substantially free of oxalic acid and phytic acid is preferred.

  The raw material for mineral preparations of the present invention contains various minerals. The mineral content in the raw material for mineral preparations of the present invention is usually 85% by mass or more, preferably 95% by mass or more, more preferably 98% by mass or more. The mineral mainly contains magnesium, calcium, and potassium (hereinafter, these are referred to as main minerals). The content of these main minerals is not particularly limited. The magnesium content is preferably 5 g / 100 g or more, more preferably about 7 to 10 g / 100 g, and the calcium content is preferably 20 g / 100 g or more, more preferably 23 to 30 g / 100 g or more. The content is preferably about 8 g / 100 g or more, more preferably about 10 to 15 g / 100 g.

  The firing temperature and firing time for obtaining the raw material for mineral preparation of the present invention are not particularly limited, and can be appropriately set according to the content of oxalic acid and / or phytic acid. Usually, defatted sesame seeds are heated at 300 ° C. or higher for 30 minutes (preferably 60 minutes) or longer, preferably 600 ° C. or higher for 30 minutes (preferably 60 minutes) or longer, more preferably 800 ° C. for 30 minutes (preferably 60 minutes). Minutes) or more, more preferably at 900 ° C. for 30 minutes (preferably 60 minutes) or more. In view of obtaining a raw material for mineral preparation with a low content of oxalic acid and / or phytic acid and a high mineral content, it is preferably calcined at 800 ° C. to 1200 ° C. for 2 hours or more, more preferably 3 hours or more. It is particularly preferable to calcine at 800 ° C. to 1200 ° C. for 3 hours or more in that a raw material for mineral preparations substantially free of oxalic acid and phytic acid is obtained.

  There is no limitation in particular about the atmosphere at the time of baking defatted sesame, For example, the raw material for mineral preparations can be obtained by baking defatted sesame in the air. The defatted sesame can be baked by, for example, indirectly heating or directly burning it. There are no particular limitations on the firing apparatus, and for example, a firing furnace, an electric furnace, or the like can be used.

  The raw material for mineral preparations of the present invention has a low content of oxalic acid and / or phytic acid, is rich in minerals, and contains the main minerals (magnesium, calcium, and potassium) in a well-balanced manner, so that it is absorbed into the body. It is useful as an easy-to-use mineral.

(Mineral preparation)
The mineral preparation of this invention contains the mineral collect | recovered from the said raw material for mineral preparations.
Specifically, the recovery of the mineral is performed by adding an acidic aqueous solution to the raw material for mineral preparation and extracting it. By this extraction, minerals in the raw material for mineral preparation are eluted into the aqueous solution phase.

  The acidic aqueous solution used for extraction is not particularly limited as long as the aqueous solution has a pH of less than 7.0. An aqueous solution having a pH of 4 to 6 is preferred. Examples of the acidic aqueous solution include aqueous solutions of inorganic acids such as hydrochloric acid and sulfuric acid or organic acids such as lactic acid, acetic acid, citric acid, and malic acid. In particular, it is preferable to use an acidic aqueous solution of lactic acid or acetic acid, or lactic acid obtained by fermentation, brewed vinegar, or wood vinegar.

  The addition amount of the acidic aqueous solution is not particularly limited. Usually, an excessive amount of acidic aqueous solution is added so that the mineral contained in the raw material for mineral preparations sufficiently reacts with the acid in the acidic solution. As a measure of the amount of the acidic aqueous solution added, the acidic aqueous solution may be gradually added until the gas (carbon dioxide gas) generated by the reaction between the acid and the raw material for mineral preparation (ash) is not generated. The extraction temperature and extraction time are not particularly limited. What is necessary is just to set suitably considering that said gas will not generate | occur | produce.

  The mineral extracted in this way is recovered as an aqueous solution or a precipitate. The recovery is performed by separating the liquid phase and the solid phase by a method such as decantation, filtration, or centrifugation. This mineral preparation may then be pulverized by a drying method commonly used by those skilled in the art, such as freeze drying, spray drying, evaporation to dryness, and the like.

  The mineral preparation of this invention contains the various minerals derived from the said raw material for mineral preparations. Among these minerals, it is preferable to contain main minerals (magnesium, calcium, and potassium). The content of these main minerals is not particularly limited. The magnesium content is preferably 4 g / 100 g or more, more preferably about 4.5 to 7 g / 100 g, and the calcium content is preferably 4 g / 100 g or more, more preferably 4.5 to 7 g / 100 g or more. The potassium content is preferably 6 g / 100 g or more, more preferably about 7 to 10 g / 100 g.

  The content ratio of magnesium, calcium, and potassium contained in the mineral preparation of the present invention is arbitrary. Preferably, the ratio of magnesium in the main minerals, that is, magnesium, calcium, and potassium is 20% by mass or more, more preferably 25% by mass or more, and further preferably 28% by mass or more. About calcium, the ratio of the calcium in the main mineral becomes like this. Preferably it is 20 mass% or more, More preferably, it is 25 mass% or more. About potassium, the ratio of the potassium occupied in the main mineral becomes like this. Preferably it is 35 mass% or more, More preferably, it is 40 mass% or more.

  In the mineral preparation of the present invention, the proportion of magnesium in the main mineral contained is 25 to 35 mass%, the proportion of calcium is 20 to 35 mass%, and the proportion of potassium is 40 to 50 mass%. Particularly preferred.

  Examples of other minerals include iron, copper, zinc, manganese, selenium, sodium, and phosphorus. These contents are not particularly limited. The iron content is preferably 5 g / 100 g or less, more preferably 1 g / 100 g or less. The copper content is preferably about 2 to 100 mg / 100 g, more preferably about 5 to 50 mg / 100 g. The selenium content is preferably about 0.01 to 100 mg / 100 g, more preferably about 0.1 to 50 mg / 100 g. The sodium content is preferably about 10 mg to 5 g / 100 g, more preferably about 100 mg to 1 g / 100 g. The zinc and manganese contents are each preferably about 0.01 to 20 mg / 100 g, more preferably about 0.05 to 20 mg / 100 g. The phosphorus content is preferably about 100 mg to 10 g / 100 g, more preferably about 100 mg to 1 g / 100 g.

  The mineral preparation of the present invention contains a mineral having a low content of oxalic acid and phytic acid and good absorbability into the body. The dosage form of the mineral preparation of the present invention is not particularly limited, and an excipient is used as necessary, for example, as a powder, granule, or pellet, or any edible or pharmaceutically acceptable solvent. It can be used as a solution dissolved or dispersed in.

  Since the mineral preparation of the present invention contains magnesium, calcium, and potassium in a well-balanced manner, various excellent effects can be exhibited when absorbed into the body. Examples of such effects include osteoporosis prevention effect; cardiovascular disease prevention effect; hyperlipidemia prevention effect; serum cholesterol, neutral fat, and LDL-cholesterol increase suppression effect; HDL-cholesterol reduction suppression Effect: An effect of suppressing an increase in blood pressure can be mentioned. This mineral preparation contains a large amount of magnesium in particular, and this magnesium contributes to the excretion of excess calcium from the body, so that it is possible to take minerals while suppressing excessive intake of calcium.

(Examples 1-3: Preparation of raw materials for mineral preparations)
Degreased sesame (Lot No. 1) was put into an electric furnace, heated to 800 ° C., and then baked for 1 hour to obtain a baked product (baked product 1). Baking was performed in the same manner as described above except that the baking time was set to 2 hours or 3 hours to obtain fired products 2 and 3.

The ash content of each obtained fired product was measured by the following method. First, a nickel crucible was placed in an electric furnace adjusted to 550 ° C. and dried for 1 hour, then transferred to a desiccator, allowed to cool for 30 minutes, and weighed. This drying, cooling, and weighing were repeated, and the mass when the mass at the time of weighing was 1 mg or less compared with the mass at the time of the previous weighing was measured as the constant weight of the crucible (W ₀ g). Next, the fired product was put into this crucible, and the mass of the fired product was accurately weighed (W ₁ g). The crucible containing the fired product was heated with a gas burner to completely remove moisture, and then the crucible lid was shifted in an electric furnace and dried for 1 hour. The crucible was covered in an electric furnace, transferred to a desiccator, allowed to cool for 30 minutes, and weighed. Further, drying, allowing to cool, and weighing were repeated for 1 hour until a constant weight (W ₂ g) was obtained. Using the obtained W ₀ (mass of crucible), W ₁ (mass of calcined product), and W ₂ (mass of calcined product and crucible after ashing), the ash content of the calcined product was determined from the following formula. The results are shown in Table 1:
(Ash content of fired product) = {(W ₂ −W ₀ ) / W ₁ } × 100 (%)

(Comparative Example 1)
The ash content of the defatted sesame before firing used in Examples 1 to 3 was measured in the same manner as in Example 1 (non-fired product). The results are also shown in Table 1.

  From the results in Table 1, it can be seen that the ash content of the fired product obtained increases as the defatted sesame is fired at 800 ° C. for a long time. In particular, by firing at 800 ° C. for 3 hours, the ash content in the fired product was 99.9%, and a fired product substantially free of oxalic acid and phytic acid was obtained.

(Example 4: Preparation of raw material for mineral preparation)
Degreased sesame seed (Lot No. 2) was put into an electric furnace and heated to 800 ° C., followed by firing for 3 hours to obtain a fired product (baked product 4).

(Measurement of minerals in raw materials for mineral preparations)
Analysis of the content of each mineral (magnesium, calcium, potassium, and other mineral components) in the fired product 3 obtained in Example 3 and the fired product 4 obtained in Example 4 is shown in Table 2 below. Measured using the method. The results are shown in Table 3.

  From the results of Table 3, it can be seen that the burned defatted sesame (baked products 3 and 4) contains abundant minerals. In particular, the magnesium content was 5 g / 100 g or more, the calcium content was 20 g / 100 g or more, and the potassium content was 8 g / 100 g or more. From the results of Tables 1 and 3, these calcined products have a low content of oxalic acid and / or phytic acid, and considering the constituent ratios of major minerals (magnesium, calcium, and potassium), It is expected to obtain a mineral preparation that is easily absorbed by the body.

(Examples 5 to 7: Preparation of mineral preparation 1)
After each of the fired products (baked products 1 to 3) obtained in Examples 1 to 3 was cooled to room temperature, an acidic aqueous solution (5 to 20% aqueous hydrochloric acid solution, Sulfuric acid aqueous solution, lactic acid aqueous solution, lactic acid fermentation broth, acetic acid aqueous solution, or acetic acid fermentation broth (brewed vinegar)) were gradually added and mixed. The acid and the fired product reacted to generate gas (carbon dioxide gas), and at the same time, the mineral component in the fired product was eluted into the solution. The acidic aqueous solution was added until no gas was generated. The reaction product obtained by terminating the reaction in this manner was filtered to collect a filtrate, and the filtrate was spray-dried to obtain a mineral preparation.

(Example 8: Preparation of mineral preparation 2)
Using the electric furnace, the defatted sesame used in Example 1 was incinerated by calcining at 800 ° C. for 3 hours to obtain a calcined product having an ash content of 99.9%. 425 g of this baked product was transferred to a reaction vessel, and 3 L of natural brewed vinegar (15% acetic acid solution) was gradually added and mixed with stirring. The pH of the mixed solution was 4.38. Further, the mixture was left overnight with stirring to completely elute the mineral components into the solution phase. Then, it filtered and collect | recovered the filtrate, spray-dried at 145-150 degreeC, and obtained about 400g of solids containing the mineral (the acetic acid processing thing of a defatted sesame baking thing).

  Separately, 405 g of the calcined product was transferred to a reaction vessel, and 630 g of lactic acid fermentation liquor (containing 50% by mass of L-type lactic acid) and 3.6 L of water were gradually added and mixed while stirring. The pH of the mixed solution was 4.98. Further, the mixture was left overnight at 60 ° C. with stirring to completely elute the mineral components into the solution phase. Then, it filtered and collect | recovered filtrates, spray-dried at 145-150 degreeC, and obtained about 400g of solids containing the mineral (the lactic acid processing thing of a defatted sesame baked material).

  Inclusion of each mineral (magnesium, calcium, potassium, iron, copper, zinc, manganese, selenium, sodium, and phosphorus) in the defatted sesame (before firing), acetic acid treated product, and lactic acid treated product thus obtained The amount was measured using the analytical method described in Table 2 above. The results are shown in Table 4.

(Comparative Example 2)
Except for using sesame skin instead of defatted sesame seeds, acetic acid-treated and lactic acid-treated products of sesame skin burned products were obtained in the same manner as in Example 8, and each mineral content in these treated products was measured. . The results are also shown in Table 4.

  From the results of Table 4, it can be seen that the acetic acid-treated product and the lactic acid-treated product of the defatted sesame baked product contain magnesium, calcium, and potassium in a well-balanced and high proportion. In particular, the ratio of magnesium in the main minerals (magnesium, calcium, and potassium) contained in the processed defatted sesame was as high as 20% by mass or more. On the other hand, the ratio of magnesium in the main mineral contained in the acetic acid-treated product and lactic acid-treated product of the sesame skin burned product of the comparative example was 5.5% by mass or less. In addition, the ratio of the calcium which occupies for the main mineral contained in the processed material of the said defatted sesame was 25 mass% or more, and the ratio of potassium was 40 mass% or more.

  According to the present invention, a mineral preparation having a low content of oxalic acid and / or phytic acid and good absorbability of minerals into the body can be obtained from defatted sesame, which is an industrial waste. In particular, the present invention provides a mineral preparation that contains a large amount of magnesium, calcium, and potassium, and particularly contains magnesium in a high proportion. By ingesting the mineral preparation of the present invention, minerals can be ingested efficiently. Thus, the mineral preparation of the present invention can effectively utilize defatted sesame, which is a byproduct of sesame oil production. Further, the mineral preparation of the present invention is used in the fields of food, medicine and the like.

Claims (6)

  A raw material for mineral preparation obtained by baking defatted sesame.   The manufacturing method of the raw material for mineral preparations including the process of baking degreased sesame.   The mineral formulation containing the mineral collect | recovered from the raw material for mineral formulations of Claim 1. Contains magnesium, calcium, and potassium;
The mineral formulation of Claim 3 whose ratio of this magnesium which occupies for the total mass of this magnesium, this calcium, and this potassium is 20 mass% or more. The manufacturing method of a mineral formulation including the process of mixing the raw material for mineral preparations of Claim 1, and acidic aqueous solution, and the process of collect | recovering aqueous solution phases. Baked defatted sesame seed to obtain mineral preparation raw material
A method for recovering minerals from defatted sesame, comprising a step of mixing a raw material for a mineral preparation and an acidic aqueous solution, and a step of recovering an aqueous phase.