JP2006088036A - Anti-sticking agent and anti-sticking method for silica fouling - Google Patents

Anti-sticking agent and anti-sticking method for silica fouling Download PDF

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JP2006088036A
JP2006088036A JP2004276646A JP2004276646A JP2006088036A JP 2006088036 A JP2006088036 A JP 2006088036A JP 2004276646 A JP2004276646 A JP 2004276646A JP 2004276646 A JP2004276646 A JP 2004276646A JP 2006088036 A JP2006088036 A JP 2006088036A
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sulfonic acid
silica
copolymer
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JP2006088036A5 (en
JP4654644B2 (en
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Tomoo Kato
知夫 加藤
Ikuko Nishida
育子 西田
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Kurita Water Industries Ltd
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F5/00—Softening water; Preventing scale; Adding scale preventatives or scale removers to water, e.g. adding sequestering agents
    • C02F5/08—Treatment of water with complexing chemicals or other solubilising agents for softening, scale prevention or scale removal, e.g. adding sequestering agents
    • C02F5/10—Treatment of water with complexing chemicals or other solubilising agents for softening, scale prevention or scale removal, e.g. adding sequestering agents using organic substances
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F19/00—Preventing the formation of deposits or corrosion, e.g. by using filters or scrapers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/52—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
    • C02F1/54—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities using organic material
    • C02F1/56—Macromolecular compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
    • C02F2103/02—Non-contaminated water, e.g. for industrial water supply
    • C02F2103/023—Water in cooling circuits
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
    • C08F212/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an aromatic carbocyclic ring
    • C08F212/02—Monomers containing only one unsaturated aliphatic radical
    • C08F212/04—Monomers containing only one unsaturated aliphatic radical containing one ring
    • C08F212/14—Monomers containing only one unsaturated aliphatic radical containing one ring substituted by heteroatoms or groups containing heteroatoms
    • C08F212/30—Sulfur
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
    • C08F220/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical or a salt, anhydride ester, amide, imide or nitrile thereof
    • C08F220/02—Monocarboxylic acids having less than ten carbon atoms; Derivatives thereof
    • C08F220/04—Acids; Metal salts or ammonium salts thereof
    • C08F220/06—Acrylic acid; Methacrylic acid; Metal salts or ammonium salts thereof

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain an anti-sticking agent and to provide an anti-sticking method for silica fouling capable of effectively preventing the sticking of silica fouling occurring in a cooling water system, or the like. <P>SOLUTION: The anti-sticking agent for silica fouling contains a copolymer which has monomer units comprising (meth)acrylic acid unit and sulfonic acid group and has a composition ratio of monomer unit having sulfonic acid group larger than 10 mol%. Otherwise, the anti-sticking agent for silica fouling contains a copolymer which has carboxyl group and sulfonic acid group and has a molar ratio of sulfonic acid group/carboxyl group of 0.15 to 2.0. In the anti-sticking method for silica fouling, the copolymer which has monomer units comprising (meth)acrylic acid unit and sulfonic acid group and has the composition ratio of monomer unit having sulfonic acid group larger than 10 mol% is added to circulation water. Otherwise, in the anti-sticking method for silica fouling, the copolymer which has carboxyl group and sulfonic acid group and has a molar ratio of sulfonic acid group/carboxyl group of 0.15 to 2.0 is added to circulation water. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

本発明は、シリカ系汚れの付着防止剤及び付着防止方法に関する。さらに詳しくは、本発明は、冷却水系、ボイラ水系、膜処理装置などで発生するシリカ系汚れの付着を効果的に防止することができるシリカ系汚れの付着防止剤及び付着防止方法に関する。   The present invention relates to an adhesion preventing agent and an adhesion preventing method for silica-based soils. More specifically, the present invention relates to an adhesion preventive agent and an adhesion prevention method for silica-based soil that can effectively prevent the adhesion of silica-based soil generated in a cooling water system, a boiler water system, a membrane processing apparatus, and the like.

従来より、シリカ系スケールの防止剤として、アクリル酸、マレイン酸などのカルボキシル基を有する低分子量ポリマー、低分子量のポリアクリルアミド、ホスホン酸、ポリリン酸塩などが知られている。例えば、高シリカ含有水用シリカ系スケール防止剤として、分子量２００〜１０,０００のポリ(メタ)アクリルアミドを含むシリカ系スケール防止剤が提案されている（特許文献１）。また、シリカ系スケール及びカルシウム系スケールの付着防止に対して優れた効果を発揮するスケール防止剤として、Ｎ−ビニルホルムアミド単位又はＮ−ビニルアセトアミド単位を５０モル％以上有する重合体及びリン化合物を含有するスケール防止剤が提案されている（特許文献２）。さらに、シリカ系スケールの防止効果に特に優れたスケール防止剤として、(ポリ)アルキレンポリアミン又はその誘導体とエチレン性不飽和化合物との反応物を含むスケール防止剤が提案されている（特許文献３）。   Conventionally, low molecular weight polymers having a carboxyl group such as acrylic acid and maleic acid, low molecular weight polyacrylamide, phosphonic acid, polyphosphate and the like are known as silica-based scale inhibitors. For example, a silica-based scale inhibitor containing poly (meth) acrylamide having a molecular weight of 200 to 10,000 has been proposed as a silica-based scale inhibitor for water containing high silica (Patent Document 1). In addition, as a scale inhibitor that exhibits an excellent effect on preventing adhesion of silica-based scale and calcium-based scale, it contains a polymer having a N-vinylformamide unit or N-vinylacetamide unit of 50 mol% or more and a phosphorus compound. A scale inhibitor has been proposed (Patent Document 2). Furthermore, a scale inhibitor containing a reaction product of (poly) alkylene polyamine or a derivative thereof and an ethylenically unsaturated compound has been proposed as a scale inhibitor particularly excellent in the effect of preventing silica-based scale (Patent Document 3). .

これらの従来のホスホン酸やスケール防止用のポリマーは、炭酸カルシウム、リン酸カルシウム、リン酸亜鉛などの主として熱交換器などの伝熱面に付着する高温スケールを対象としていた。また、従来のシリカ系スケール防止剤も、高温部に付着するマグネシウム含有量の多いシリカ系スケールを対象としていた。   These conventional phosphonic acids and scale-preventing polymers are mainly intended for high-temperature scales that adhere to heat transfer surfaces such as heat exchangers such as calcium carbonate, calcium phosphate, and zinc phosphate. Further, conventional silica-based scale inhibitors have also been targeted at silica-based scales with a high magnesium content adhering to the high temperature part.

近年、アルミニウムが関与する低温のシリカ系汚れが問題にされるようになってきた。水源の水質悪化のために、工業用水の除濁に用いる凝集剤に由来するアルミニウムの濃度が高くなる傾向がある。アルミニウムの濃度が高い水を用いると、シリカとアルミニウムを含有したシリカ系汚れが付着することが新たに判明した。また、用水向けの膜処理において、膜の目詰まりを防ぐために前処理として凝集剤による除濁を行うと、かえってシリカ系汚れが膜に付着しやすくなることが分かった。低温のシリカ系汚れは、熱交換器に付着して伝熱阻害を引き起こすのみならず、配管などの非伝熱面にも付着する。例えば、冷却水系の場合、冷却水流量の低下により所定の冷却能力がとれなくなる障害や、冷却塔に付着したシリカ系汚れにより冷却効率が低下する障害や、冷却塔に付着したシリカ系汚れが剥離して熱交換器に詰まるなどの障害を引き起こす。これらの低温部に付着するシリカ系汚れに対して、従来から使用されている水溶性ポリマーなどは、ある程度の付着防止効果を有するが、満足し得る水準ではなかった。
特開昭６１−１０７９９７号公報（第１頁） 特開平１０−３５３６９６号公報（第２頁） 特開平１１−２９０８９１号公報（第２頁） In recent years, low temperature silica-based soils involving aluminum have become a problem. Due to the deterioration of the water quality of the water source, the concentration of aluminum derived from the flocculant used for turbidization of industrial water tends to increase. It has been newly found that silica-containing soil containing silica and aluminum adheres when water having a high aluminum concentration is used. In addition, it has been found that when the membrane treatment for irrigation is performed with flocculation using a flocculant as a pretreatment to prevent clogging of the membrane, silica-based dirt is more likely to adhere to the membrane. Low-temperature silica-based soil not only adheres to the heat exchanger and causes heat transfer inhibition, but also adheres to non-heat transfer surfaces such as piping. For example, in the case of a cooling water system, a failure in which a predetermined cooling capacity cannot be obtained due to a decrease in the cooling water flow rate, a failure in which cooling efficiency decreases due to silica-based dirt adhered to the cooling tower, or a silica-based dirt attached to the cooling tower is peeled Cause troubles such as clogging in the heat exchanger. Conventionally used water-soluble polymers have a certain degree of adhesion-preventing effect against silica-based soils adhering to these low-temperature parts, but they are not satisfactory.
JP 61-107997 A (first page) Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-353696 (2nd page) Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-290891 (page 2)

本発明は、冷却水系、ボイラ水系、膜処理装置などで発生するシリカ系汚れの付着を効果的に防止することができるシリカ系汚れの付着防止剤及び付着防止方法を提供することを目的としてなされたものである。   An object of the present invention is to provide an adhesion preventive agent and an adhesion prevention method for silica-based soil that can effectively prevent the adhesion of silica-based soil generated in a cooling water system, a boiler water system, a membrane processing apparatus, and the like. It is a thing.

本発明者らは、上記の課題を解決すべく鋭意研究を重ねた結果、(メタ)アクリル酸単位とスルホン酸基を有するモノマー単位とを有する共重合体であって、スルホン酸基を有するモノマー単位の組成比が１０モル％を超える共重合体、又は、カルボキシル基とスルホン酸基とを有する共重合体であって、スルホン酸基／カルボキシル基のモル比が０.１５〜２.０である共重合体を水系に添加することにより、水系におけるシリカ系汚れの付着を効果的に防止し得ることを見いだし、この知見に基づいて本発明を完成するに至った。   As a result of intensive studies to solve the above problems, the present inventors have obtained a copolymer having a (meth) acrylic acid unit and a monomer unit having a sulfonic acid group, and a monomer having a sulfonic acid group A copolymer having a unit composition ratio exceeding 10 mol%, or a copolymer having a carboxyl group and a sulfonic acid group, wherein the molar ratio of sulfonic acid group / carboxyl group is 0.15 to 2.0; It has been found that by adding a certain copolymer to an aqueous system, it is possible to effectively prevent the adhesion of silica-based soil in the aqueous system, and the present invention has been completed based on this finding.

すなわち、本発明は、
（１）(メタ)アクリル酸単位とスルホン酸基を有するモノマー単位とを有する共重合体を含有するシリカ系汚れの付着防止剤であって、前記共重合体におけるスルホン酸基を有するモノマー単位の組成比が１０モル％を超えることを特徴とするシリカ系汚れの付着防止剤、
（２）スルホン酸基を有するモノマーが、２−アクリルアミド−２−メチルプロパンスルホン酸である(１)記載のシリカ系汚れの付着防止剤、
（３）カルボキシル基とスルホン酸基とを有する共重合体を含むシリカ系汚れの付着防止剤であって、スルホン酸基／カルボキシル基のモル比が０.１５〜２.０であることを特徴とするシリカ系汚れの付着防止剤、
（４）循環水に、(メタ)アクリル酸単位とスルホン酸基を有するモノマー単位とを有する共重合体であって、前記共重合体におけるスルホン酸基を有するモノマー単位の組成比が１０モル％を超える共重合体を添加することを特徴とするシリカ系汚れの付着防止方法、
（５）スルホン酸基を有するモノマーが、２−アクリルアミド−２−メチルプロパンスルホン酸である(４)記載のシリカ系汚れの付着防止方法、及び、
（６）循環水に、カルボキシル基とスルホン酸基とを有する共重合体であって、スルホン酸基／カルボキシル基のモル比が０.１５〜２.０である共重合体を添加することを特徴とするシリカ系汚れの付着防止方法、
を提供するものである。 That is, the present invention
(1) A silica-based soil adhesion preventive agent containing a copolymer having a (meth) acrylic acid unit and a monomer unit having a sulfonic acid group, the monomer unit having a sulfonic acid group in the copolymer An adhesion preventive agent for silica-based soils, wherein the composition ratio exceeds 10 mol%,
(2) The silica-based soil adhesion preventive agent according to (1), wherein the monomer having a sulfonic acid group is 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid,
(3) A silica-based soil adhesion preventive agent containing a copolymer having a carboxyl group and a sulfonic acid group, wherein the molar ratio of sulfonic acid group / carboxyl group is 0.15 to 2.0. Silica-based soil adhesion preventive agent,
(4) A copolymer having (meth) acrylic acid units and monomer units having sulfonic acid groups in the circulating water, wherein the composition ratio of the monomer units having sulfonic acid groups in the copolymer is 10 mol%. A method for preventing the adhesion of silica-based soils, characterized by adding a copolymer in excess of
(5) The method for preventing adhesion of silica-based soil according to (4), wherein the monomer having a sulfonic acid group is 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid, and
(6) adding to the circulating water a copolymer having a carboxyl group and a sulfonic acid group, wherein the molar ratio of sulfonic acid group / carboxyl group is 0.15 to 2.0. Silica-based soil adhesion prevention method,
Is to provide.

本発明のシリカ系汚れの付着防止剤及び付着防止方法によれば、シリカ系の汚れの付着量を大幅に低減し、冷却水系、ボイラ水系、膜処理装置などに障害を生ずることなく、安定して運転することができる。   According to the silica-based soil adhesion preventive agent and the adhesion preventing method of the present invention, the amount of silica-based soil adhesion is greatly reduced, and stable without causing any trouble in the cooling water system, boiler water system, membrane treatment apparatus, etc. Can drive.

本発明のシリカ系汚れの付着防止剤の第一の態様は、(メタ)アクリル酸単位とスルホン酸基を有するモノマー単位とを有する共重合体を含有するシリカ系汚れの付着防止剤であって、前記共重合体におけるスルホン酸基を有するモノマー単位の組成比が、１０モル％を超えるシリカ系汚れの付着防止剤である。スルホン酸基を有するモノマー単位の組成比が１０モル％以下であると、循環水系において、シリカ系汚れの付着を防止する効果が低下するおそれがある。   A first aspect of the silica-based soil adhesion preventing agent of the present invention is a silica-based soil adhesion preventing agent containing a copolymer having a (meth) acrylic acid unit and a monomer unit having a sulfonic acid group. In the copolymer, the composition ratio of the monomer unit having a sulfonic acid group exceeds 10 mol%, and is an adhesion preventive agent for silica-based soils. When the composition ratio of the monomer unit having a sulfonic acid group is 10 mol% or less, the effect of preventing the adhesion of silica-based soils may be reduced in the circulating water system.

本発明に用いるスルホン酸基を有するモノマーとしては、例えば、ビニルスルホン酸、アリルスルホン酸、スチレンスルホン酸、２−アクリルアミド−２−メチルプロパンスルホン酸、２−メタクリルアミド−２−メチルプロパンスルホン酸、メタクリル酸４−スルホブチル、アリルオキシベンゼンスルホン酸、メタリルオキシベンゼンスルホン酸などや、それらの塩などを挙げることができる。これらの中で、２−アクリルアミド−２−メチルプロパンスルホン酸を特に好適に用いることができる。   Examples of the monomer having a sulfonic acid group used in the present invention include vinyl sulfonic acid, allyl sulfonic acid, styrene sulfonic acid, 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid, 2-methacrylamide-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid, Examples include 4-sulfobutyl methacrylate, allyloxybenzene sulfonic acid, methallyloxybenzene sulfonic acid, and salts thereof. Among these, 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid can be particularly preferably used.

本発明のシリカ系汚れの付着防止剤の第二の態様は、カルボキシル基とスルホン酸基とを有する共重合体を含むシリカ系汚れの付着防止剤であって、スルホン酸基／カルボキシル基のモル比が０.１５〜２.０であるシリカ系汚れの付着防止剤である。スルホン酸基／カルボキシル基のモル比が０.１５未満であっても、２.０を超えても、循環水系において、シリカ系汚れの付着を防止する効果が低下するおそれがある。   A second aspect of the silica-based soil adhesion preventive agent of the present invention is a silica-based soil adhesion preventive agent comprising a copolymer having a carboxyl group and a sulfonic acid group, wherein the molar ratio of sulfonic acid group / carboxyl group. It is a silica-based soil adhesion preventive agent having a ratio of 0.15 to 2.0. Even if the molar ratio of sulfonic acid group / carboxyl group is less than 0.15 or exceeds 2.0, the effect of preventing the adhesion of silica-based soils may be reduced in the circulating water system.

本発明に用いるカルボキシル基を有するモノマーとしては、例えば、アクリル酸、メタクリル酸、クロトン酸、イソクロトン酸、アンゲリカ酸、チグリン酸、マレイン酸、フマル酸、イタコン酸、シトラコン酸、メサコン酸、ｐ−ビニル安息香酸、アトロパ酸、桂皮酸などや、それらの塩、それらの無水物などを挙げることができる。   Examples of the monomer having a carboxyl group used in the present invention include acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, crotonic acid, isocrotonic acid, angelic acid, tiglic acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid, itaconic acid, citraconic acid, mesaconic acid, and p-vinyl. Examples thereof include benzoic acid, atropic acid, cinnamic acid, salts thereof, and anhydrides thereof.

本発明において、カルボキシル基を有するモノマー及びスルホン酸基を有するモノマーは、それぞれ１種を単独で用いることができ、あるいは、２種以上を組み合わせて用いることもできる。これらのモノマーを共重合して得られる共重合体の中で、アクリル酸と２−アクリルアミド−２−メチルプロパンスルホン酸との共重合体は、シリカ系汚れを防止する効果が大きいので特に好適に用いることができる。   In the present invention, the monomer having a carboxyl group and the monomer having a sulfonic acid group can be used alone or in combination of two or more. Among the copolymers obtained by copolymerizing these monomers, a copolymer of acrylic acid and 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid is particularly suitable because it has a large effect of preventing silica-based stains. Can be used.

本発明に用いるカルボキシル基を有するモノマーとスルホン酸基を有するモノマーとの共重合体の分子量に特に制限はないが、重量平均分子量として１,０００〜５０,０００であることが好ましく、３,０００〜２０,０００であることがより好ましい。共重合体の重量平均分子量が１,０００未満であると、シリカ系汚れの付着防止効果が十分に発現しないおそれがある。共重合体の重量平均分子量が５０,０００を超えると、共重合体の水溶液の粘度が高くなって、作業性が低下するおそれがある。共重合体の重量平均分子量は、ゲルパーミエーションクロマトグラフィーによりポリエチレンオキシドを標準物質として求めることができる。   The molecular weight of the copolymer of the monomer having a carboxyl group and the monomer having a sulfonic acid group used in the present invention is not particularly limited, but is preferably 1,000 to 50,000 as a weight average molecular weight. More preferably, it is ˜20,000. If the weight average molecular weight of the copolymer is less than 1,000, the effect of preventing the adhesion of silica-based soils may not be sufficiently exhibited. When the weight average molecular weight of the copolymer exceeds 50,000, the viscosity of the aqueous solution of the copolymer becomes high and workability may be deteriorated. The weight average molecular weight of the copolymer can be obtained by using polyethylene oxide as a standard substance by gel permeation chromatography.

本発明に用いるカルボキシル基を有するモノマーとスルホン酸基を有するモノマーとの共重合体を製造する方法に特に制限はなく、例えば、塊状重合、溶液重合などを挙げることができる。カルボキシル基を有するモノマー、スルホン酸基を有するモノマー及びそれらの共重合体は、いずれも水溶性である場合が多いので、水を溶媒とする水溶液重合を好適に用いることができる。カルボキシル基を有するモノマーとスルホン酸基を有するモノマーとを水に溶解し、雰囲気を不活性ガスで置換し、ペルオキソ二硫酸カリウム、過酸化水素、２,２'−アゾビス(２−メチルプロピオンアミジン)二塩酸塩などの水溶性ラジカル重合開始剤を添加して加熱することにより、共重合体の水溶液を得ることができる。水溶液重合によれば、重合条件の選定により共重合体の分子量と分子量分布を容易に制御することができ、得られた共重合体の水溶液は、そのままシリカ系汚れの付着防止剤として使用することができる。   The method for producing a copolymer of a monomer having a carboxyl group and a monomer having a sulfonic acid group used in the present invention is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include bulk polymerization and solution polymerization. Since the monomer having a carboxyl group, the monomer having a sulfonic acid group, and a copolymer thereof are often water-soluble, aqueous solution polymerization using water as a solvent can be preferably used. A monomer having a carboxyl group and a monomer having a sulfonic acid group are dissolved in water, the atmosphere is replaced with an inert gas, potassium peroxodisulfate, hydrogen peroxide, 2,2′-azobis (2-methylpropionamidine) An aqueous solution of the copolymer can be obtained by adding a water-soluble radical polymerization initiator such as dihydrochloride and heating. According to aqueous solution polymerization, the molecular weight and molecular weight distribution of the copolymer can be easily controlled by selecting the polymerization conditions, and the aqueous solution of the obtained copolymer should be used as it is as an anti-fouling agent for silica-based soils. Can do.

本発明においては、カルボキシル基を有するモノマー単位とスルホン酸基を有するモノマー単位を有する共重合体として、さらに他のモノマー単位を有する三元以上の共重合体を用いることができる。水溶液重合により共重合体を製造するとき、共重合させる他のモノマーとしては、例えば、アクリル酸メチル、アクリル酸２−ヒドロキシエチル、アクリロニトリル、Ｎ−ビニルピロリドンなどを挙げることができる。   In the present invention, as a copolymer having a monomer unit having a carboxyl group and a monomer unit having a sulfonic acid group, a ternary or more copolymer having another monomer unit can be used. Examples of other monomers to be copolymerized when producing a copolymer by aqueous solution polymerization include methyl acrylate, 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate, acrylonitrile, and N-vinylpyrrolidone.

本発明のシリカ系汚れの付着防止方法の第一の態様においては、循環水に、(メタ)アクリル酸単位とスルホン酸基を有するモノマー単位とを有する共重合体であって、前記共重合体におけるスルホン酸基を有するモノマー単位の組成比が１０モル％を超える共重合体を添加する。本発明方法においては、該共重合体のスルホン酸基を有するモノマーが、２−アクリルアミド−２−メチルプロパンスルホン酸であることが好ましい。本発明のシリカ系汚れの付着防止方法の第二の態様においては、循環水に、カルボキシル基とスルホン酸基とを有する共重合体であって、スルホン酸基／カルボキシル基のモル比が０.１５〜２.０である共重合体を添加する。   In the first aspect of the method for preventing adhesion of silica-based soil according to the present invention, the copolymer having a (meth) acrylic acid unit and a monomer unit having a sulfonic acid group in circulating water, The copolymer in which the composition ratio of the monomer unit having a sulfonic acid group exceeds 10 mol% is added. In the method of the present invention, the monomer having a sulfonic acid group of the copolymer is preferably 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid. In the second embodiment of the method for preventing adhesion of silica-based soil according to the present invention, the copolymer has a carboxyl group and a sulfonic acid group in the circulating water, and the molar ratio of sulfonic acid group / carboxyl group is 0. A copolymer that is 15 to 2.0 is added.

本発明方法において、カルボキシル基とスルホン酸基を有する共重合体を循環水に添加する場所に特に制限はなく、スケール汚れが付着する箇所に直接添加することができ、あるいは、その箇所よりも前段の任意の箇所に添加することができる。例えば、冷却水系においては、熱交換器本体、循環水ピット、冷却塔の配管ラインなどの任意の箇所に直接添加することができ、あるいは、循環水系に補給する補給水にあらかじめ添加しておくこともできる。本発明方法を適用するとき、水質条件や、ボイラ、熱交換器運転条件などに特に制限はなく、通常の水質、ボイラ、熱交換器運転条件などで運転することができる。   In the method of the present invention, the place where the copolymer having a carboxyl group and a sulfonic acid group is added to the circulating water is not particularly limited, and can be directly added to a place where scale dirt adheres, or before the place. It can be added to any part of. For example, in the cooling water system, it can be added directly to any location such as the heat exchanger body, circulating water pit, cooling tower piping line, or added in advance to the makeup water to be supplied to the circulating water system. You can also. When applying the method of the present invention, there are no particular restrictions on water quality conditions, boiler, heat exchanger operating conditions, and the like, and operation can be performed under normal water quality, boiler, heat exchanger operating conditions, and the like.

本発明のシリカ系汚れの付着防止剤及び付着防止方法により効果的にシリカ系汚れの付着を防止し得る詳細な作用機構は不明であるが、カルボキシル基を有するモノマー単位とスルホン酸基を有するモノマー単位とを有する共重合体が、アルミニウムを核とするシリカの析出物に吸着し、析出物を水中に分散することによりシリカ系汚れの付着を防止すると推測される。   Although the detailed mechanism of action that can effectively prevent the adhesion of silica-based soils by the silica-based soil surface anti-sticking agent and adhesion preventing method of the present invention is unknown, a monomer unit having a carboxyl group and a monomer having a sulfonic acid group It is presumed that a copolymer having a unit is adsorbed on a silica precipitate having aluminum as a nucleus, and the deposit is dispersed in water to prevent the adhesion of silica-based soil.

以下に、実施例を挙げて本発明をさらに詳細に説明するが、本発明はこれらの実施例によりなんら限定されるものではない。
なお、実施例及び比較例においては、図１に示す５連式模擬冷却水系装置を使用して評価を行った。川崎市工業用水５.５ｔを採取し、撹拌翼を供えた補給水タンク１に５００Ｌずつ分取し、ポリマー固形分濃度が４ｍｇ／Ｌになるように添加した。採取した川崎市工業用水のイオン状シリカは、２７ｍｇSiO2／Ｌであった。また、スライムコントロールのために、次亜塩素酸ナトリウムをＣｌ2として２ｍｇ／Ｌとなるように１日１回添加した。補給水タンクから、給水ポンプ２により保有水量１０Ｌの循環水ピット３に補給水を送った。循環水ピットに備えられた水位センサーと電気伝導率センサーにより、濃縮倍率５倍に管理した。循環水ピットから循環ポンプ４により循環水を５Ｌ／ｍｉｎで送り出し、恒温水槽５内の銅管を通して加熱し、冷却塔６に導いた。冷却塔における蒸発水量は約２５Ｌ／日であり、冷却塔における冷却温度は約２℃であった。恒温水槽から冷却塔への配管の途中に、内径１４ｍｍ、長さ１００ｍｍのＳＵＳ３０４製の評価チューブ７を取り付け、試験開始前の評価チューブの重量と１４日間運転後の評価チューブの重量の差から、汚れの付着量を求めた。 Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples.
In the examples and comparative examples, evaluation was performed using the five-simulated cooling water system shown in FIG. Kawasaki City industrial water (5.5 t) was sampled, dispensed in 500 L portions to a make-up water tank 1 equipped with a stirring blade, and added to a polymer solid concentration of 4 mg / L. The ionic silica collected in Kawasaki City industrial water was 27 mg SiO 2 / L. For slime control, sodium hypochlorite was added as Cl 2 once a day to 2 mg / L. The makeup water was sent from the makeup water tank to the circulating water pit 3 having a retained water volume of 10 L by the feed water pump 2. The water concentration sensor and electrical conductivity sensor provided in the circulating water pit were used to control the concentration rate to 5 times. Circulating water was sent out from the circulating water pit by a circulation pump 4 at a rate of 5 L / min, heated through a copper pipe in the thermostatic water tank 5, and led to the cooling tower 6. The amount of water evaporated in the cooling tower was about 25 L / day, and the cooling temperature in the cooling tower was about 2 ° C. In the middle of the piping from the thermostatic water tank to the cooling tower, an evaluation tube 7 made of SUS304 having an inner diameter of 14 mm and a length of 100 mm is attached. The amount of dirt adhered was determined.

実施例１
アクリル酸と２−アクリルアミド−２−メチルプロパンスルホン酸とのモル比６６：３４の共重合体（重量平均分子量１０,０００）を用いて試験を行った。汚れ付着量は、０.３ｍｇであった。
実施例２
アクリル酸と２−アクリルアミド−２−メチルプロパンスルホン酸とのモル比８１：１９の共重合体（重量平均分子量１０,０００）を用いて試験を行った。汚れ付着量は、０.９ｍｇであった。
実施例３
アクリル酸とイソプレンスルホン酸とのモル比８０：２０の共重合体（重量平均分子量７,５００）を用いて試験を行った。汚れ付着量は、６.７ｍｇであった。
実施例４
アクリル酸とビニルスルホン酸とのモル比６３：３７の共重合体（重量平均分子量７,０００）を用いて試験を行った。汚れ付着量は、６.１ｍｇであった。
実施例５
マレイン酸とスチレンスルホン酸とのモル比２５：７５の共重合体（重量平均分子量４,５００）を用いて試験を行った。汚れ付着量は、４.２ｍｇであった。 Example 1
The test was carried out using a copolymer of acrylic acid and 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid in a molar ratio of 66:34 (weight average molecular weight 10,000). The amount of dirt adhered was 0.3 mg.
Example 2
The test was conducted using a copolymer of acrylic acid and 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid in a molar ratio of 81:19 (weight average molecular weight 10,000). The amount of dirt adhered was 0.9 mg.
Example 3
The test was performed using a copolymer of acrylic acid and isoprenesulfonic acid having a molar ratio of 80:20 (weight average molecular weight 7,500). The amount of dirt adhered was 6.7 mg.
Example 4
The test was conducted using a copolymer of acrylic acid and vinyl sulfonic acid having a molar ratio of 63:37 (weight average molecular weight: 7,000). The amount of dirt adhered was 6.1 mg.
Example 5
The test was conducted using a copolymer of maleic acid and styrene sulfonic acid having a molar ratio of 25:75 (weight average molecular weight 4,500). The amount of dirt adhered was 4.2 mg.

比較例１
アクリル酸ナトリウムの単独重合体（重量平均分子量３,５００）を用いて試験を行った。汚れ付着量は、２７.４ｍｇであった。
この汚れについて、組成分析を行った。酸不溶解分５３.５重量％（うちシリカ４５.５重量％）、Ａｌ2Ｏ3１２.４重量％、強熱減量２３.０重量％であった。
比較例２
アクリル酸ナトリウムと３−アリロキシ−２−ヒドロキシプロパンスルホン酸とのモル比９１：９の共重合体（重量平均分子量３,０００）を用いて試験を行った。汚れ付着量は、１８.４ｍｇであった。
比較例３
アクリル酸と２−アクリルアミド−２−メチルプロパンスルホン酸とのモル比９２：８の共重合体（重量平均分子量１４,０００）を用いて試験を行った。汚れ付着量は、１６.２ｍｇであった。
比較例４
マレイン酸の単独重合体（重量平均分子量５５０）を用いて試験を行った。汚れ付着量は、３１.６ｍｇであった。
比較例５
マレイン酸と２−アクリルアミド−２−メチルプロパンスルホン酸とのモル比８０：２０の共重合体（重量平均分子量２,０００）を用いて試験を行った。汚れ付着量は、２８.９ｍｇであった。
比較例６
マレイン酸とイソブチレンとのモル比１：１の共重合体（重量平均分子量１４,５００）を用いて試験を行った。汚れ付着量は、２３.５ｍｇであった。
実施例１〜５及び比較例１〜６のスルホン酸基を有するモノマーの組成比、スルホン酸基／カルボキシル基及び汚れ付着量を、第１表に示す。 Comparative Example 1
The test was conducted using a homopolymer of sodium acrylate (weight average molecular weight 3,500). The amount of dirt adhered was 27.4 mg.
The composition was analyzed for this soil. The acid-insoluble content was 53.5% by weight (of which 45.5% by weight of silica), Al 2 O 3 was 12.4% by weight, and the loss on ignition was 23.0% by weight.
Comparative Example 2
The test was conducted using a copolymer (weight average molecular weight of 3,000) having a molar ratio of 91: 9 of sodium acrylate and 3-allyloxy-2-hydroxypropanesulfonic acid. The amount of dirt adhered was 18.4 mg.
Comparative Example 3
The test was carried out using a copolymer of acrylic acid and 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid in a molar ratio of 92: 8 (weight average molecular weight 14,000). The amount of dirt adhered was 16.2 mg.
Comparative Example 4
The test was conducted using a maleic acid homopolymer (weight average molecular weight 550). The amount of dirt adhered was 31.6 mg.
Comparative Example 5
The test was conducted using a copolymer of maleic acid and 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid having a molar ratio of 80:20 (weight average molecular weight: 2,000). The amount of dirt adhered was 28.9 mg.
Comparative Example 6
The test was conducted using a 1: 1 molar ratio copolymer of maleic acid and isobutylene (weight average molecular weight 14,500). The amount of dirt adhered was 23.5 mg.
Table 1 shows the composition ratios of the monomers having sulfonic acid groups of Examples 1 to 5 and Comparative Examples 1 to 6, the sulfonic acid groups / carboxyl groups, and the amount of dirt adhered.

Figure 2006088036
Figure 2006088036

第１表に見られるように、アクリル酸とスルホン酸基を有するモノマーとの共重合体であって、スルホン酸基を有するモノマーの組成比が１９〜３７モル％である共重合体を循環水に添加した実施例１〜４では、シリカ系汚れの付着量が少なく、特にアクリル酸と２−アクリルアミド−２−メチルプロパンスルホン酸との共重合体を添加した実施例１〜２では、汚れの付着量が非常に少ない。また、カルボキシル基とスルホン酸基とを有する共重合体であって、スルホン酸基／カルボキシル基のモル比が０.２５０〜１.５０である共重合体を循環水に添加した実施例１〜５では、シリカ系汚れの付着量が少ない。
これに対して、カルボキシル基のみを有し、スルホン酸基を有しない単独重合体又は共重合体を循環水に添加した比較例１、比較例４、比較例６では、シリカ系汚れの付着量が多く、アクリル酸又はそのナトリウム塩とスルホン酸基を有するモノマーとの共重合体であっても、スルホン酸基を有するモノマーの組成比８〜９モル％であり、スルホン酸基／カルボキシル基のモル比が０.０８７〜０.０９９である共重合体を添加した比較例２、比較例３では、汚れの付着量が多い。また、スルホン酸基を有するモノマーの組成比が２０モル％であってもマレイン酸との共重合体であり、スルホン酸基／カルボキシル基のモル比が０.１２５である共重合体を添加した比較例５でも、汚れの付着量が多い。 As can be seen in Table 1, a copolymer of acrylic acid and a monomer having a sulfonic acid group, wherein the composition ratio of the monomer having a sulfonic acid group is 19 to 37 mol% is recycled to the circulating water. In Examples 1 to 4 added to No. 1, the amount of silica-based soil attached was small, and in Examples 1 to 2 in which a copolymer of acrylic acid and 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid was added, Very little adhesion. Further, Examples 1 to 1 were prepared by adding a copolymer having a carboxyl group and a sulfonic acid group and having a molar ratio of sulfonic acid group / carboxyl group of 0.250 to 1.50 to circulating water. In No. 5, the amount of silica-based soil attached is small.
On the other hand, in Comparative Example 1, Comparative Example 4 and Comparative Example 6 in which a homopolymer or copolymer having only carboxyl groups and no sulfonic acid groups was added to the circulating water, the amount of silica-based soil adhered Even if it is a copolymer of acrylic acid or its sodium salt and a monomer having a sulfonic acid group, the composition ratio of the monomer having a sulfonic acid group is 8 to 9 mol%, and the sulfonic acid group / carboxyl group In Comparative Example 2 and Comparative Example 3 to which a copolymer having a molar ratio of 0.087 to 0.099 was added, the amount of dirt adhered was large. Moreover, even if the composition ratio of the monomer having a sulfonic acid group is 20 mol%, a copolymer with maleic acid was added, and a copolymer having a sulfonic acid group / carboxyl group molar ratio of 0.125 was added. Also in Comparative Example 5, the amount of dirt attached is large.

本発明のシリカ系汚れの付着防止剤及び付着防止方法によれば、(メタ)アクリル酸単位とスルホン酸基を有するモノマー単位とを有する共重合体であって、スルホン酸基を有するモノマー単位の組成比が１０モル％を超える共重合体、又は、カルボキシル基とスルホン酸基を有する共重合体であって、スルホン酸基／カルボキシル基のモル比が０.１５〜２.０である共重合体を水系に添加することにより、シリカ系の汚れの付着を効果的に防止し、冷却水系、ボイラ水系、膜処理装置などに障害を生ずることなく、安定して運転することができる。本発明のシリカ系汚れの付着防止剤及び防止方法は、地熱発電所の還元井などで発生するシリカ系汚れの付着防止に適用することができる。   According to the silica-based soil adhesion preventive agent and adhesion prevention method of the present invention, a copolymer having a (meth) acrylic acid unit and a monomer unit having a sulfonic acid group, the monomer unit having a sulfonic acid group A copolymer having a composition ratio exceeding 10 mol%, or a copolymer having a carboxyl group and a sulfonic acid group, wherein the molar ratio of sulfonic acid group / carboxyl group is 0.15 to 2.0. By adding the coalescence to the aqueous system, it is possible to effectively prevent the adhesion of silica-based dirt, and to stably operate without causing any trouble in the cooling water system, the boiler water system, the membrane treatment apparatus, or the like. The silica-based soil adhesion preventive agent and the prevention method of the present invention can be applied to prevent the silica-based soil from being deposited in a reduction well of a geothermal power plant.

実施例及び比較例で使用した模擬冷却水系装置の工程系統図である。It is a process flow diagram of a simulation cooling water system device used in an example and a comparative example.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

１ 補給水タンク
２ 給水ポンプ
３ 循環水ピット
４ 循環ポンプ
５ 恒温水槽
６ 冷却塔
７ 評価チューブ DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Supply water tank 2 Water supply pump 3 Circulating water pit 4 Circulating pump 5 Constant temperature water tank 6 Cooling tower 7 Evaluation tube

Claims (6)

(メタ)アクリル酸単位とスルホン酸基を有するモノマー単位とを有する共重合体を含有するシリカ系汚れの付着防止剤であって、前記共重合体におけるスルホン酸基を有するモノマー単位の組成比が１０モル％を超えることを特徴とするシリカ系汚れの付着防止剤。   A silica-based soil adhesion preventive agent containing a copolymer having a (meth) acrylic acid unit and a monomer unit having a sulfonic acid group, wherein the composition ratio of the monomer unit having a sulfonic acid group in the copolymer is An adhesion preventive agent for silica-based soil, characterized by exceeding 10 mol%. スルホン酸基を有するモノマーが、２−アクリルアミド−２−メチルプロパンスルホン酸である請求項１記載のシリカ系汚れの付着防止剤。   The silica-based soil adhesion preventive agent according to claim 1, wherein the monomer having a sulfonic acid group is 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid. カルボキシル基とスルホン酸基とを有する共重合体を含むシリカ系汚れの付着防止剤であって、スルホン酸基／カルボキシル基のモル比が０.１５〜２.０であることを特徴とするシリカ系汚れの付着防止剤。   A silica-based soil adhesion preventive agent comprising a copolymer having a carboxyl group and a sulfonic acid group, wherein the molar ratio of sulfonic acid group / carboxyl group is 0.15 to 2.0. Anti-fouling agent for system stains. 循環水に、(メタ)アクリル酸単位とスルホン酸基を有するモノマー単位とを有する共重合体であって、前記共重合体におけるスルホン酸基を有するモノマー単位の組成比が１０モル％を超える共重合体を添加することを特徴とするシリカ系汚れの付着防止方法。   A copolymer having a (meth) acrylic acid unit and a monomer unit having a sulfonic acid group in the circulating water, wherein the composition ratio of the monomer unit having a sulfonic acid group in the copolymer exceeds 10 mol%. A method for preventing adhesion of silica-based soils, which comprises adding a polymer. スルホン酸基を有するモノマーが、２−アクリルアミド−２−メチルプロパンスルホン酸である請求項４記載のシリカ系汚れの付着防止方法。   The method for preventing adhesion of silica-based soil according to claim 4, wherein the monomer having a sulfonic acid group is 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid. 循環水に、カルボキシル基とスルホン酸基とを有する共重合体であって、スルホン酸基／カルボキシル基のモル比が０.１５〜２.０である共重合体を添加することを特徴とするシリカ系汚れの付着防止方法。   A copolymer having a carboxyl group and a sulfonic acid group and having a sulfonic acid group / carboxyl group molar ratio of 0.15 to 2.0 is added to the circulating water. Silica-based soil adhesion prevention method.
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