JP2006075874A - Welding method for marine welding structure excellent in brittle fracture propagation resistance and marine welding structure - Google Patents
Welding method for marine welding structure excellent in brittle fracture propagation resistance and marine welding structure Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
本発明は、溶接継手に発生した脆性き裂の伝播を妨げる耐脆性き裂伝播性に優れた溶接構造体の溶接方法および溶接構造体に関する。
具体的には、例えば大型コンテナ船、バルクキャリアーなどの船舶の溶接継手に発生する可能性のある脆性き裂の伝播を妨げる耐脆性き裂伝播性に優れた船舶用溶接構造体の溶接方法および船舶用溶接構造体に関するもので、大型コンテナ船、バルクキャリアーなどの船舶の安全性を向上させた船舶用溶接構造体の溶接方法および船舶用溶接構造体に関する。
The present invention relates to a welding method and a welded structure for a welded structure excellent in brittle crack propagation resistance that prevents the propagation of a brittle crack generated in a welded joint.
Specifically, for example, a welding method for a marine welded structure excellent in brittle crack propagation resistance that prevents the propagation of brittle cracks that may occur in welded joints of ships such as large container ships and bulk carriers, and The present invention relates to a marine welded structure, and more particularly, to a marine welded structure and a marine welded structure that improve the safety of marine vessels such as large container ships and bulk carriers.
溶接構造体であるコンテナ船やバルクキャリアーは、タンカー等と異なり船倉内の仕切り壁がなく、船上部の開口部が大きく開いている。即ち、タンカーは油槽により内部が細かく仕切られており、内部壁や上甲板に強度を持たせた構造となっている。これに対して、コンテナ船は、積載能力の向上や荷役効率の向上等のため仕切り壁を無くして上部開口部を大きくとった構造となっている。このため、コンテナ船では特に船殻外板および船殻内板の強度を確保する必要がある。 Unlike tankers, container ships and bulk carriers, which are welded structures, have no partition walls in the hold, and the opening at the top of the ship is wide open. That is, the tanker has a structure in which the inside is finely partitioned by the oil tank, and the inner wall and the upper deck are given strength. On the other hand, the container ship has a structure in which the upper opening is made large by eliminating the partition wall in order to improve the loading capacity and the cargo handling efficiency. For this reason, it is necessary to ensure the strength of the hull outer plate and the hull inner plate particularly in a container ship.
近年、コンテナ船は大型化し、６０００ＴＥＵ以上の大型コンテナ船が製造されるようになってきて、船体外板の鋼板は厚肉化、高強度化し、板厚７０ｍｍ以上で降伏強度３９０Ｎ／ｍｍ2級以上の鋼板が用いられるようになってきている。なお、ＴＥＵ（Ｔｗｅｎｔｙ ｆｅｅｔ Ｅｑｕｉｖａｌｅｎｔ Ｕｎｉｔ）は、長さ２０フィートのコンテナに換算した個数を表し、コンテナ船の積載能力の指標を示している。
船殻外板および船殻内板となる鋼板は大入熱溶接である例えばエレクトロガスアーク溶接方法により溶接されているが、溶接入熱が大きいため大きな溶接熱影響部が形成され、溶接継手での万一の脆性き裂の発生に注意する必要があった。
In recent years, container ships have become larger, and large container ships with a capacity of 6000 TEU or more have been manufactured, and the steel plates of the hull outer plates have become thicker and stronger. Yield strength is 390 N / mm 2 class with plate thickness of 70 mm or more. The above steel plates have been used. Note that TEU (Twenty Fee Equivalent Unit) represents the number converted into a container having a length of 20 feet and represents an index of the loading capacity of the container ship.
The hull outer plate and the hull inner plate are welded by high heat input welding, for example, by electrogas arc welding, but a large welding heat affected zone is formed due to the large welding heat input. It was necessary to pay attention to the occurrence of a brittle crack.
このため、溶接継手等での脆性き裂発生を防止するために、脆性破壊特性に優れた鋼板（ＴＭＣＰ鋼板）が開発されている（例えば、特許文献１）。
これまで、６０００ＴＥＵ以下のコンテナ船では、板厚５０ｍｍ程度のＴＭＣＰ鋼板等が使用されていて、溶接継手で脆性き裂が発生しても、溶接部の残留応力により、脆性き裂が溶接継手部から母材側に逸れていくので、母材のアレスト性能を確保しさえすれば、万一、溶接継手部で脆性き裂が発生しても母材で脆性き裂を停止できると考えられてきた。
また、板厚２５ｍｍ程度の鋼板を用いた船殻の溶接構造体に関しては、複数の鋼板を交差状態に複合化して補強した構造が採用されていて、構造的に脆性き裂伝播停止性能が飛躍的に改善されている。例えば、図１に示すように船殻内板１が複数枚の平板を突合せ溶接継手２によって接合して一体に形成されるとともに、船殻内板１の表面に、補強材３が突合せ溶接継手２と交差するように隅肉溶接部４により取り付けられており、かつ、突合せ溶接継手２と隅肉溶接部４との干渉を逃し穴５の形成によって避けるようにしているものがある（例えば、特許文献２）。
For this reason, in order to prevent the occurrence of a brittle crack in a welded joint or the like, a steel plate (TMCP steel plate) having excellent brittle fracture characteristics has been developed (for example, Patent Document 1).
Until now, in container ships of 6000 TEU or less, a TMCP steel plate having a thickness of about 50 mm has been used, and even if a brittle crack occurs in a welded joint, the brittle crack is caused by a residual stress in the welded joint. It is considered that if the arresting performance of the base metal is ensured, the base metal can stop the brittle crack even if a brittle crack occurs in the welded joint. It was.
In addition, for the hull welded structure using steel plates with a thickness of about 25 mm, a structure in which a plurality of steel plates are combined and reinforced in an intersecting state is adopted, and structurally brittle crack propagation stopping performance has jumped. Has been improved. For example, as shown in FIG. 1, the hull inner plate 1 is integrally formed by joining a plurality of flat plates by a butt weld joint 2, and the reinforcing material 3 is attached to the surface of the hull inner plate 1. 2 is attached by the fillet welded portion 4 so as to intersect with 2, and interference between the butt weld joint 2 and the fillet welded portion 4 is avoided by forming the relief hole 5 (for example, Patent Document 2).
しかしながら、コンテナ船の大型化が進み、６０００ＴＥＵを超えるコンテナ船では板厚７０ｍｍを超える、かつ設計応力が高い高張力鋼の厚鋼板が使用されるようになってきている。このような厚鋼板では、溶接継手部の破壊靭性の程度によっては、脆性き裂が母材に逸れることなく、溶接継手部の熱影響域に沿って伝播する可能性がある。 However, as the size of container ships has increased, high-strength steel sheets having a plate thickness exceeding 70 mm and high design stress have been used for container ships exceeding 6000 TEU. In such a thick steel plate, depending on the degree of fracture toughness of the welded joint portion, the brittle crack may propagate along the heat-affected zone of the welded joint portion without deviating to the base material.
本発明者らによる鋼板の脆性破壊に係る試験によれば、板厚５０ｍｍ以下の鋼板に、図２に示すように、鋼板の溶接継手部と交差するように隅肉溶接により骨材（補強板）を取り付けると、鋼板に脆性亀裂が発生しても骨材により脆性亀裂の伝播が止められて（アレスト）、鋼板の破断に至らないことも多い。 しかし、板厚が５０ｍｍを超え、７０ｍｍ程度と板厚が厚くなると、骨材自体のアレスト性能の確保も充分でなくなる可能性がある。
そこで、本発明は、７０ｍｍ以上の板厚の鋼板であっても、万一、溶接継手に脆性き裂が発生した場合に、溶接部にて脆性き裂の伝播を防止して船舶用溶接構造体の破断を防止できる船舶用溶接構造体の溶接方法および船舶用溶接構造体を提供することを課題とする。 Accordingly, the present invention provides a marine welded structure that prevents the propagation of a brittle crack at the welded portion in the event that a brittle crack occurs in a welded joint even if the steel plate has a thickness of 70 mm or more. It is an object of the present invention to provide a welding method for a marine welded structure and a marine welded structure that can prevent the body from being broken.
本発明者らは、船舶用溶接構造体において、船舶の重要な溶接部について、特定の補修溶接を行うことによって、溶接継手の脆性き裂伝播を防止して大規模破壊を未然に防止することができることを見出し本発明を完成したものであり、その要旨とするところは、特許請求の範囲に記載した通りの下記内容である。 In the welded structure for ships, the present inventors prevent brittle crack propagation of welded joints and prevent large-scale fracture by performing specific repair welding on important welded parts of ships. The present invention has been completed and the gist of the present invention is as follows.
（１）溶接継手に発生した脆性き裂の伝播を妨げる耐脆性き裂伝播性に優れた船舶用溶接構造体の溶接方法であって、
前記船舶の垂直部材の溶接継手と水平部材の溶接継手が交差する領域の一部あるいは全部の領域に対し、当該領域の一部をガウジング、あるいは機械加工により除去した後、当該部分に破壊靭性の優れた溶接材料で補修溶接を実施することを特徴とする耐脆性き裂伝播性に優れた船舶用溶接構造体の溶接方法。
（２）溶接継手に発生した脆性き裂の伝播を妨げる耐脆性き裂伝播性に優れた船舶用溶接構造体であって、前記船舶の垂直部材の溶接継手と水平部材の溶接継手が交差する領域の一部あるいは全部の領域におけるアレスト性能（Kca）を６０００（N/mm2）1.5以上とすることを特徴とする耐脆性き裂伝播性に優れた船舶用溶接構造体。
(1) A welding method for a marine welded structure excellent in brittle crack propagation property that prevents propagation of a brittle crack generated in a welded joint,
For a part or all of the region where the welded joint of the vertical member of the ship and the welded joint of the horizontal member intersect, a part of the region is removed by gouging or machining, and then the fracture toughness is applied to the part. A welding method for a marine welded structure having excellent brittle crack propagation characteristics, wherein repair welding is performed with an excellent welding material.
(2) A marine welded structure excellent in brittle crack propagation resistance that prevents the propagation of brittle cracks generated in a welded joint, wherein the welded joint of the vertical member of the ship intersects the welded joint of the horizontal member. A marine welded structure excellent in brittle crack propagation resistance characterized in that the arrest performance (Kca) in part or all of the region is 6000 (N / mm 2 ) 1.5 or more.
本発明によれば、７０ｍｍ以上の板厚の鋼板であっても、万一、溶接継手に脆性き裂が発生した場合に、溶接部にて脆性き裂の伝播を防止して船舶用溶接構造体の破断を防止できる船舶用溶接構造体の溶接方法および船舶用溶接構造体を提供することができ、産業上有用な著しい効果を奏する。 According to the present invention, even in the case of a steel plate having a thickness of 70 mm or more, in the event that a brittle crack occurs in a welded joint, the propagation of the brittle crack is prevented in the welded portion, and the marine welded structure It is possible to provide a welding method for a marine welded structure and a marine welded structure that can prevent the body from being broken, and there are significant industrially useful effects.
本発明を実施するための最良の形態を図３および図４を用いて詳細に説明する。
図３は、脆性き裂伝播を防止するための船舶用溶接構造体を示す図である。
図３において、３は骨材（補強材）、６はデッキプレート（水平部材）、７は船殻内板（垂直部材）、８は船殻外板を示す。
＜第１の実施形態＞
本発明の第１の実施形態は、図３のＡあるいはＡ´のように、船舶の垂直部材（例えば船殻内板７）の溶接継手（継手(1)）と水平部材（例えばデッキプレート６）の溶接継手（継手(2)）が交差する領域の一部あるいは全部の領域に対し、当該領域の一部をガウジング、あるいは機械加工により除去した後、当該部分に破壊靭性の優れた溶接材料で補修溶接を実施することを特徴とする。
図４は、前記の継手(1)と継手(2)の交差部の詳細図である。
すなわち、船舶の垂直部材（例えば船殻内板７）の溶接継手（継手(1)）と水平部材（例えばデッキプレート６）の溶接継手（継手(2)）が交差する領域の一部あるいは全部の領域に対し、当該領域の一部をガウジング、あるいは機械加工により除去した後、当該部分に破壊靭性の優れた溶接材料で補修溶接を実施することによって、この部分から脆性き裂が伝播を防止することができる。
本発明においては、ガウジングあるいは機械加工の深さは特に規定しないが、垂直部材の板厚の１／２以上をガウジングあるいは機械加工により除去することにより、耐脆性き裂伝播性をさらに向上させることができる。
また、前述の破壊靭性の優れた溶接材料は、アレスト性能（Kca）が２００００（N/mm1.5 ）以上を有する溶接材料とすることが好ましく、補修溶接することによって発生する当該領域周辺の残留応力分布と相まって、突合せ溶接部の最脆弱部を伝播してきた脆性亀裂が、補修溶接部の溶接境界に沿って伝播するように亀裂の伝播方向を変化させうるため、交差する部材の母材側へと亀裂を誘導することができるため、鋼材の母材の性能により亀裂を停止させることができる。
The best mode for carrying out the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 3 and 4. FIG.
FIG. 3 is a view showing a marine welded structure for preventing brittle crack propagation.
In FIG. 3, 3 is an aggregate (reinforcing material), 6 is a deck plate (horizontal member), 7 is a hull inner plate (vertical member), and 8 is a hull outer plate.
<First Embodiment>
In the first embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 3A or A ′, a welded joint (joint (1)) and a horizontal member (for example, a deck plate 6) of a vertical member (for example, a hull inner plate 7) of a ship. ) Welding material with excellent fracture toughness after part of the region where the welded joint (joint (2)) intersects is removed by gouging or machining. It is characterized by carrying out repair welding with.
FIG. 4 is a detailed view of the intersection of the joint (1) and the joint (2).
That is, a part or all of a region where a welded joint (joint (1)) of a vertical member (for example, a ship's inner shell plate 7) intersects a welded joint (joint (2)) of a horizontal member (for example, a deck plate 6). After removing a part of this area by gouging or machining, repair welding is performed on the part with a welding material with excellent fracture toughness to prevent the propagation of brittle cracks from this part. can do.
In the present invention, the depth of gouging or machining is not particularly specified, but the brittle crack propagation resistance is further improved by removing 1/2 or more of the plate thickness of the vertical member by gouging or machining. Can do.
The above-mentioned welding material having excellent fracture toughness is preferably a welding material having an arrest performance (Kca) of 20000 (N / mm 1.5 ) or more, and the residual stress around the region generated by repair welding. Combined with the distribution, the direction of crack propagation can be changed so that the brittle cracks that have propagated through the most fragile parts of the butt welds propagate along the weld boundaries of the repair welds. Therefore, the crack can be stopped by the performance of the steel base material.
＜第２の実施形態＞
本発明の第２の実施形態は、溶接継手に発生した脆性き裂の伝播を妨げる耐脆性き裂伝播性に優れた船舶用溶接構造体であって、船舶の垂直部材の溶接継手と水平部材の溶接継手が交差する領域の一部あるいは全部の領域におけるアレスト性能（Kca）を６０００（N/mm2）1.5以上とすることを特徴とする。
例えば、図３におけるＡあるいはＡ´のように、船舶の垂直部材（例えば船殻内板７）の溶接継手（継手(1)）と水平部材（例えばデッキプレート６）の溶接継手（継手(2)）が交差する領域の一部あるいは全部の領域における溶接金属自体のアレスト性能が６０００Ｎ／ｍｍ1.5以上有していれば、脆性亀裂の速度が極めて大きかったり、負荷された応力が大きく残留応力により亀裂の伝播方向の変化が期待できない状況下でも、亀裂を停止させることを知見した。
なお、溶接金属自体の破壊靭性を高めるため、溶接材料は、例えば、溶接ワイヤの成分を高Ｎｉ化して靭性の高い材料とする方法が好ましい。
<Second Embodiment>
A second embodiment of the present invention is a welded structure for a ship excellent in brittle crack propagation resistance that prevents the propagation of a brittle crack generated in a welded joint. The arrest performance (Kca) in a part or all of the region where the welded joints intersect is 6000 (N / mm 2 ) 1.5 or more.
For example, as shown by A or A ′ in FIG. 3, a welded joint (joint (1)) of a vertical member (for example, a hull inner plate 7) and a welded joint (joint (2 of a deck plate 6) of a ship). )) If the arrest performance of the weld metal itself in part or all of the region where)) intersects is 6000 N / mm 1.5 or more, the speed of brittle cracks is extremely high, the stress applied is large and the residual stress It has been found that the crack is stopped even in a situation where the change of the propagation direction of the crack cannot be expected.
In order to increase the fracture toughness of the weld metal itself, the welding material is preferably a method in which, for example, the component of the welding wire is made high Ni and the material has high toughness.
本発明の実施例を表１に示す。
表１における母材―１、母材―２、継手(1)〜継手(3)は図４に示す表記と一致している。
NO.1〜NO.13は、本発明に従って、溶接部を除去して補修溶接を行った本発明例であって、いずれの実施例も、耐き裂伝播性が良好であった。
伝播位置がＦＬ（Fusion Line）とは、き裂が溶融線に沿って伝播したことを示し、停止位置がＷＭ（Weld Metal）とは、き裂が補修溶接領域内で停止したことを示し、停止位置が母材とは、き裂が補修溶接領域内を伝播し母材−２にて停止し、溶接部同士が交差する構造体であっても、破断しなかった。
一方、NO.14〜NO.20は比較例であって、NO.14およびNO.15は溶接部の除去および補修溶接を行ったが、溶接材料の破壊靭性が低くアレスト性能（Kca）が2000以下と低いため、き裂が補修溶接領域内を伝播して破断した。
また、NO.14〜NO.20は比較例であって、溶接部の除去および補修溶接を行わなかったので、突合せ溶接部で発生させた脆性亀裂が、その溶接継ぎ手に沿って伝播し、交差した部材に突入した後も、さらに交差した部材の溶接部に沿って伝播し、試験片が破断した。
Base material-1, base material-2, joint (1) to joint (3) in Table 1 are consistent with the notation shown in FIG.
NO.1 to NO.13 are examples of the present invention in which the welded portion was removed and repair welding was performed according to the present invention, and in all of the examples, the crack propagation resistance was good.
The propagation position FL (Fusion Line) indicates that the crack propagated along the melting line, and the stop position WM (Weld Metal) indicates that the crack stopped in the repair welding area. When the stop position is the base material, the crack propagated through the repair welding region, stopped at the base material-2, and the welded portion did not break even when the structure intersected.
On the other hand, NO.14 to NO.20 are comparative examples, and NO.14 and NO.15 were removed and repair welded. However, the fracture toughness of the welding material was low and the arrest performance (Kca) was 2000. The crack was propagated through the repair welding region and broke because it was low as below.
In addition, NO.14 to NO.20 are comparative examples, and since the weld was not removed and repaired, no brittle cracks occurred in the butt weld propagated along the weld joint and crossed. Even after entering the member, the test piece further propagated along the welded portion of the crossed member, and the test piece was broken.
１ 鋼板、
２ 突合せ溶接継手部、
３ 骨材（補強材）、
４ 隅肉溶接部、
５ 逃がし穴、
６ デッキプレート、
７ 船殻内板、
８ 船殻内板
1 steel plate,
2 Butt weld joint,
3 aggregate (reinforcing material),
4 Fillet welds,
5 Relief hole,
6 Deck plate,
7 Hull inner plate,
8 Hull inner plate
Claims (2)
前記船舶の垂直部材の溶接継手と水平部材の溶接継手が交差する領域の一部あるいは全部の領域に対し、当該領域の一部をガウジング、あるいは機械加工により除去した後、当該部分に破壊靭性の優れた溶接材料で補修溶接を実施することを特徴とする耐脆性き裂伝播性に優れた船舶用溶接構造体の溶接方法。 A welding method for a marine welded structure with excellent brittle crack propagation that prevents the propagation of brittle cracks generated in welded joints,
For a part or all of the region where the welded joint of the vertical member of the ship and the welded joint of the horizontal member intersect, a part of the region is removed by gouging or machining, and then the fracture toughness is applied to the part. A welding method for a marine welded structure having excellent brittle crack propagation characteristics, wherein repair welding is performed with an excellent welding material.
前記船舶の垂直部材の溶接継手と水平部材の溶接継手が交差する領域の一部あるいは全部の領域におけるアレスト性能（Kca）を６０００（N/mm2）1.5以上とすることを特徴とする耐脆性き裂伝播性に優れた船舶用溶接構造体。
A marine welded structure with excellent brittle crack propagation that prevents the propagation of brittle cracks in welded joints,
Brittle resistance characterized by having an arrest performance (Kca) of 6000 (N / mm 2 ) 1.5 or more in a part or all of the region where the welded joint of the vertical member and the welded joint of the horizontal member intersect. Ship welded structure with excellent crack propagation.
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