JP2006075753A - Method for trapping/collecting infectious microorganism, and its device - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To enable improvement of detection sensitivity and automation/labor saving of operations by collecting water-borne infectious microorganisms, especially an important cryptosporidium, from sample water with high efficiency and treating a large amount of the sample water in a short time. <P>SOLUTION: A method for carrying out the membrane filtration of the sample water and washing the filtration membrane to trap water-insoluble objects contained in the sample water comprises a process for supplying a prescribed amount of the sample water to an external pressure type porous hollow fiber filtration membrane, and a process for pressurizing the secondary side of the external pressure type porous hollow fiber filtration membrane and at the same time irradiating the surface of the hollow fiber filtration membrane with ultrasonic waves from the primary side. Peeled material is collected from the external pressure type porous hollow fiber filtration membrane. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for capturing and recovering infectious microorganisms such as protozoa, microorganisms, and viruses present in water such as environmental water such as rivers and lakes and treated water in each treatment process of water and sewage. In particular, the present invention relates to a method and apparatus for capturing and recovering Cryptosporidium, which is one of the infectious microorganisms present in the water.

Since there are a wide variety of chemical substances in the environment, it is thought that environmental waters such as rivers and lakes that are raw water for water supply are also contaminated with various chemical substances. In addition to such water quality problems, there have been increasing reports of water-borne infectious diseases caused by protozoa such as Cryptosporidium and viruses.
Among these infectious microorganisms, Cryptosporidium is an intestinal parasitic protozoan that has a broad host range in mammals such as humans, and causes digestive diseases accompanied by severe diarrhea. In particular, when immunocompromised patients are infected with Cryptosporidium, there are cases where death occurs because there is no effective chemotherapeutic agent. In addition, these protozoa have characteristics that are greatly different from normal pathogenic bacteria, such as small minimum infectious dose, strong resistance to chlorine disinfection, and almost no inactivation at the chlorine concentration at the level of water purification.
Furthermore, Cryptosporidium is said to infect wild animals and livestock such as cattle and pigs in addition to humans, and even if there is no drainage channel of the sewage treatment plant in the upstream area of the intake of the water treatment plant, the tap water source is contaminated. It is a protozoan that is important for water sanitation.

The detection method of Cryptosporidium was indicated by the Ministry of Health and Welfare in 1996 under the “Provisional Countermeasure Guidelines for Cryptosporidium”. Furthermore, the guidelines were revised in 1998, and the test method was also greatly revised. The procedure of this test method is roughly divided into sample water collection, filtration concentration, exfoliation suspension, separation and purification, immunofluorescence staining, and microscopic observation.
In the sample water collecting step, 10 L of raw water such as river water and 40 L of purified water and tap water are collected in a polyethylene container having a capacity of 10 to 20 L.
In the filtration and concentration step, a hydrophilic polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) disc filter having a diameter of 47 mm or 90 mm and a pore size of 5 μm is used, and the sample water is filtered through a pressure or suction type filter holder.
In the exfoliation suspension step, the disc filter with trapped turbidity is placed in a 50 mL centrifuge tube and the 1% PET solution (0.02% sodium pyrophosphate, 0.03% EDTA-3Na, 0.01% Tween 80) is added. The turbidity containing Cryptosporidium is removed from the disk filter by vigorous stirring.
In the separation and purification step, Cryptosporidium is recovered from the suspension by immunomagnetic beads to which an antibody recognizing Cryptosporidium is bound.
In immunofluorescence staining and microscopic observation, Cryptosporidium tospodium is stained with a fluorescently labeled anti-Cryptosporidium tospodium antibody and observed with a fluorescence microscope.

  There are many reports on water treatment technology. For example, in Patent Document 1, “a membrane separation apparatus equipped with an ultrasonic cleaning device that cleans the outer surface of a membrane filter with ultrasonic waves”, “ultrasonic waves propagate at high speed to every location in water, and cavitation occurs in water. "Removing the solid matter attached to the filtration surface with a shock wave" is described, and it is shown that "pressurized air is injected in the opposite direction of filtration as a solution to clogging and fouling". However, this Patent Document 1 only discloses a technique for separating a solid from a stock solution into a filtrate and a filtrate film, or a technique for separating and removing solids present in a film in order to solve clogging and fouling. In order to confirm the solids contained in the water, no technology is disclosed to recover most of the solids present in the membrane, and no technology is disclosed to capture and recover infectious microorganisms, especially Cryptosporidium. Absent. Furthermore, there is no disclosure of a technique for irradiating the hollow fiber membrane surface with ultrasonic waves from the primary side and simultaneously pressurizing the hollow fiber membrane surface.

Further, in Patent Document 2, “the membrane surface of the submerged membrane filtration device is ultrasonically vibrated and the pollutant is peeled off from the membrane surface”, “the pollutant adhering to the membrane surface is easily peeled off by the ultrasonic vibration. Therefore, it is described that a sufficient cleaning effect can be obtained with a small amount of backwash water. In Patent Document 3, “water to be treated in a treatment tank or water to be treated inside a membrane of a membrane element is treated with ultrasonic waves. In Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2004-260688, “the treatment is performed by the synergistic effect of the shock wave generated by the shock wave and the cleaning liquid of the cleaning liquid”, and “Patent Document 4 pressurizes from the secondary side of the membrane— A technique of “effectively supplying a chemical solution and cleaning efficiently” is disclosed. However, these Patent Documents 2 to 4 only disclose a technique for separating a solid from a stock solution into a solid and a filtrate membrane, or a technique for separating and removing a solid present in a membrane for improving the filtration efficiency of the stock solution. In order to confirm the solids contained in the water, no technology is disclosed to recover most of the solids present in the membrane, and no technology is disclosed to capture and recover infectious microorganisms, especially Cryptosporidium. Absent. Furthermore, there is no disclosure of a technique for irradiating the hollow fiber membrane surface with ultrasonic waves from the primary side and simultaneously pressurizing the hollow fiber membrane surface.
In that respect, Patent Document 5 describes a technique for recovering Cryptosporidium. However, from the recognition that Cryptosporidium cannot be recovered to a satisfactory degree by conventional water treatment techniques, Various attempts were made based on the particularity. As a result, the developed membrane module effective for recovery of Cryptosporidium has been described.

JP 2003-126663 A JP 2001-17970 A JP 11-319517 A JP-A-11-90190 JP 2001-842 A

The above-described test method for Cryptosporidium is complicated and requires a skillful technique, which places a heavy burden on the operator, and is desired to automate work steps and save labor.
In the above test method, when Cryptosporidium is captured and recovered from the sample water, the disk filter is clogged by the turbidity of the sample water, and the filtration speed decreases in a short time. Therefore, there is a problem that rapid measurement cannot be performed and a large amount of sample water cannot be efficiently processed. Furthermore, the recovery rate of Cryptosporidium in the above-mentioned filtration concentration and exfoliation suspension varies widely from around several percent to 80%, and is as low as about 60% on average (Cryptosporidium commentary and test method pages 145 to 147) Japan Waterworks Association), there are many problems that need to be improved, such as the possibility of being judged negative even though Cryptosporidium actually exists.

  In view of the above-mentioned problems, water-borne infectious microorganisms are recovered from sample water with high efficiency. Among them, particularly important Cryptosporidium is recovered from sample water with high efficiency, and a large amount of sample water is processed in a short period of time. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for capturing and collecting water-borne infectious microorganisms in water, and an apparatus used for the method, which can enhance the process and further automate and save labor. Furthermore, it is also an object of the present invention to provide a method for capturing and recovering Cryptosporidium, which is one of important water-borne infectious microorganisms, and an apparatus used for the method.

As a method for capturing and recovering the above water-borne infectious microorganisms, particularly Cryptosporidium, a predetermined amount of sample water is passed through an external pressure porous hollow fiber filtration membrane (hereinafter sometimes referred to as hollow fiber membrane), and then hollow fiber Pressurize the secondary side of the membrane to release fine particles containing water-borne infectious microorganisms such as Cryptosporidium trapped in the hollow fiber membrane (hereinafter sometimes referred to as fine particles) and place the entire hollow fiber membrane surface inside the container. When the ultrasonic generator is radiated, vibrated and trapped in the hollow fiber membrane, the fine particles are physically peeled off, and the cryptosporidium-containing suspension on the primary side of the hollow fiber membrane is collected. It has been found that waterborne infectious microorganisms such as Ptosporidium can be efficiently captured and recovered. Furthermore, after passing the hollow fiber membrane with purified water, when the secondary side of the hollow fiber membrane is pressurized and the entire surface of the hollow fiber membrane is irradiated with ultrasonic waves, Cryptosporidium can be captured and recovered. Noticed.
The inventors of the present invention have further devised based on these points, and have reached the present invention.

That is, in the invention according to claim 1 of the present invention, the first step of passing a predetermined amount of sample water through the external pressure porous hollow fiber filtration membrane, the secondary side of the external pressure porous hollow fiber filtration membrane is For example, it includes a second step of irradiating the surface of the hollow fiber filtration membrane with ultrasonic waves from the primary side simultaneously with pressurization with air, and the fine particles captured by the hollow fiber filtration membrane are peeled off and collected. This method captures and collects infectious microorganisms present in sample water.
The invention according to claim 2 is the invention according to claim 1, wherein the surfactant is supplied from the primary side to the surface of the external pressure porous hollow fiber filtration membrane, and the exfoliation is easily separated from the external pressure porous hollow fiber filtration membrane. It is characterized by doing. In particular, the filter membrane is held with purified water containing a surfactant so as to be soaked for a time that makes it easy to peel off deposits and the like present on the surface of the membrane.
Then, following the second step, purified water is injected from the primary side of the external pressure type porous hollow fiber filtration membrane, and the third step of discharging the suspension containing the fine particles separated in the second step. And the fifth step of pressurizing the secondary side of the external pressure porous hollow fiber filtration membrane and simultaneously irradiating ultrasonic waves from the primary side to wash with purified water, Enables efficient capture and recovery. Further, the step of combining the effluent from the sixth step for draining the purified water used in the cleaning process in the fifth step and the effluent from the third step, and molecularizing infectious microorganisms in the effluent Can also capture and collect infectious microorganisms.

  The invention according to claim 3 is a module having an external pressure type porous hollow fiber filtration membrane for introducing a predetermined amount of sample water, means for pressurizing a secondary side of the hollow fiber filtration membrane with air, and the hollow fiber filtration membrane. Having a means for irradiating ultrasonic waves from the primary side, and simultaneously applying pressure to the hollow fiber filtration membrane and ultrasonic irradiation to capture infectious microorganisms containing Cryptosporidium from the peeled product of the hollow fiber filtration membrane It is an invention of an apparatus for capturing and recovering infectious microorganisms present in sample water. In the invention, the invention according to claim 4 is characterized by further comprising means for supplying a surfactant from the primary side to the surface of the external pressure porous hollow fiber filtration membrane. The invention according to claim 5 is the invention of claim 3 or 4, further comprising means for passing the external pressure type porous hollow fiber filtration membrane with purified water, wherein the secondary side of the external pressure type porous hollow fiber filtration membrane is disposed on the secondary side. Simultaneously with pressurization, the surface of the hollow fiber filtration membrane is irradiated with ultrasonic waves from the primary side.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.
As the sample water (hereinafter sometimes referred to as raw water) in the present invention, any water can be used as long as it is environmental water. Specifically, each of the treatment processes of river water, lake water, and water and sewage systems is used. Treated water is preferred. These raw waters may be used as they are, but may be pretreated. For example, raw water may be left in advance to remove sediment, or a flocculant may be added and stirred to remove contaminants to some extent. Further, a treatment for removing infectious microorganisms other than Cryptosporidium by adding and stirring a drug to the infectious microorganism may be performed.

  In the present invention, a predetermined amount of the raw water is filtered using an external pressure porous hollow fiber membrane. The external pressure type porous hollow fiber membrane is not particularly limited, and a generally used hollow fiber may be adopted. The predetermined amount of raw water may vary depending on the properties of the raw water, and examples thereof include 20L, 40L, and 100L, but are not particularly limited. What is important is to clarify the amount of raw water treated, and finally to determine the number concentration of infectious microorganisms, especially Cryptosporidium, in the sample water.

In the present invention, after filtering the predetermined amount of raw water, the surface of the hollow fiber membrane is irradiated with ultrasonic waves from the primary side to obtain a suspension containing a peeled material from the hollow fiber membrane. One. That is, by this ultrasonic irradiation, ultrasonic waves are propagated at high speed in all directions in water, and fine particles present on the primary surface of the hollow fiber membrane surface can be peeled off.
For the ultrasonic treatment in the present invention, a general irradiation method can be adopted using a generally used ultrasonic irradiation machine. For example, using an ultrasonic irradiator of about 100 W, ultrasonic treatment can be performed at 20 to 100 kHz for several seconds to several minutes.

In the present invention, it is one of the features of the present invention to pressurize the secondary side of the external pressure porous hollow fiber membrane simultaneously with the ultrasonic irradiation. That is, by pressurizing the secondary side of the hollow fiber membrane simultaneously with the ultrasonic irradiation, the fine particles existing on the primary side surface of the hollow fiber membrane surface can be almost completely peeled off.
The pressurization treatment in the present invention can employ a general pressurization method using a commonly used device. For example, when the air pressurization method is employed, a general air pump is used and a general pressurization method is applied to air-pressurize the secondary side of the hollow fiber membrane.

In the present invention, it is preferable to coexist a surfactant during the treatment. A general surfactant can be used as the surfactant. In particular, neutral surfactants represented by ether type or ester type are preferred. For example, polyoxyethylene octylphenyl ether, polyoxyethylene alkylphenyl ether such as polyoxyethylene nonylphenyl ether, sorbitan fatty acid ester such as polyoxyethylene alkyl ether, polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate, or a combination of two or more Can be illustrated. In addition, a 1% PET solution (0.02% sodium pyrophosphate, 0.03% EDTA-3Na, 0.01% Tween 80 (polyoxy) is shown in “Explanation and Test Method of Cryptosporidium” (Japan Water Works Association). Ethylene sorbitan monooleate)) may also be used. The amount of the surfactant added may be a commonly used amount.
Here, a surfactant solution containing a predetermined amount of a surfactant is prepared, and the filtration membrane is immersed in the solution to easily peel off deposits and the like present on the surface of the membrane. The soaking time varies depending on the properties of the filtration membrane, the state of the deposits on the membrane, etc., so it cannot be specified unconditionally. In short, if the time is set so that the deposits etc. are easily peeled off from the filtration membrane surface Good.

  It is one of the features of the present invention that the hollow fiber membrane thus treated is passed with purified water and subjected to physical treatment again. Here, when passing the hollow fiber membrane with purified water, it is possible to bring about a more preferable effect when a surfactant is allowed to coexist. The surfactant to be used may be appropriately selected from the above and used. The amount used may be a generally used amount. The hollow fiber membrane after passing water is subjected to ultrasonic treatment again. It is desirable to apply pressure treatment. This is sonicated. The specific method for the pressure treatment is almost the same as the method already described above.

The present invention also includes an embodiment in which a substance that specifically reacts with Cryptosporidium is added to the suspension containing the exfoliated material obtained by the treatment method, and Cryptosporidium is separated from the suspension.
Examples of the substance that specifically reacts with Cryptosporidium herein include an antibody utilizing an antigen-antibody reaction, particularly a fluorescently labeled antibody. A general method can be adopted for the amount of the substance used and the method for capturing Cryptosporidium using the substance.

According to the present invention, in the detection test of infectious microorganisms such as protozoa, microorganisms and viruses existing in sample water such as environmental water such as rivers and lakes and treated water of each treatment process of water and sewage, infectious microorganisms are contained in the sample water. Fine particles can be efficiently captured and collected, and the filtration concentration and separation / suspension steps can be automated, so that labor saving can be achieved. In particular, for Cryptosporidium, which is required to be captured and recovered as an infectious microorganism, a recovery rate of 80% or more can be achieved. Moreover, since it can be automated, reproducible data can be obtained even if it is not an expert.

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

(Embodiment 1)
A schematic diagram of an apparatus for capturing and collecting fine particles in water of the present invention is shown in FIG.
An external pressure type hollow fiber membrane 1 for capturing fine particles in water is placed in a hollow fiber membrane container 7. The hollow fiber membrane container 7 includes a supply port 2 that can supply various liquids, a filtered water discharge port 3 that discharges filtered water, a fine particle discharge port 4 that collects fine particles, and an ultrafine particle that peels off the surface of the hollow fiber membrane. A sound wave generator 6 is provided.
Sample water 9. The purified water 19 and the surfactant 8 are supplied through a supply pump and a supply valve, respectively. From the filtered water discharge port 3, air pressurizes the secondary side of the hollow fiber membrane 1 through the air pump 12 and the air pump valve 17. From the fine particle discharge port 4, the fine particles separated from the surface of the hollow fiber membrane 1 are collected.
(Embodiment 2)

A different schematic of the apparatus for capturing and collecting particulates in water of the present invention is shown in FIG.
In the step of passing the sample water through the hollow fiber membrane, the sample water supply valve 13 and the filtrate water discharge valve 16 are opened, and the surfactant supply valve 14, the fine particle discharge valve 15, the air pump valve 17, and the purified water supply valve 18 are closed. Sample water 9 is supplied from the supply port 2 to the hollow fiber membrane container 7 by the sample water supply pump 20, and is filtered through the hollow fiber membrane 1, and the filtrate 10 is passed from the filtrate discharge port 3 through the filtrate discharge valve 16. Discharged. After supplying 100 L of sample water, the process proceeds to a step of supplying a surfactant.

In the step of supplying the surfactant, the surfactant supply valve 14 and the filtered water discharge valve 16 are opened, and the sample water supply valve 13, the particulate discharge valve 15, the air pump valve 17, and the purified water supply valve 18 are closed. 1% PET solution (0.02% sodium pyrophosphate, 0.03% EDTA-3Na, 0.01% Tween 80 (polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan monooleate)) as surfactant 8 is a surfactant supply pump 22 is supplied to the sample water retained in the hollow fiber membrane container, and the process proceeds to the fine particle peeling step.
Here, the addition amount of the surfactant is the volume of the hollow fiber membrane container 7, and the surfactant of that amount is extruded from the raw water present in the container 7, and the inside of the container 7 is replaced with the surfactant. Then, a surfactant is injected into the container 7. Thereafter, the film is kept in that state for a predetermined time so that it can be easily peeled off from the film.

  In the fine particle separation step, the air pump valve 17 is opened, and the sample water supply valve 13, the filtrate discharge valve 16, the surfactant supply valve 14, the fine particle discharge valve 15, and the purified water supply valve 18 are closed. While the air pump 12 pressurizes the secondary side of the hollow fiber membrane, the ultrasonic wave is irradiated from the ultrasonic generator 6 to the primary side of the hollow fiber membrane surface, the air pump 12 and the ultrasonic generator 6 are stopped, and the particulate collection step Migrate to

In the particulate collection process, the particulate discharge valve 15 is opened, and the sample water supply valve 13, the filtrate water discharge valve 16, the surfactant supply valve 14, the air pump valve 17 and the purified water supply valve 18 are closed. The fine particle suspension 11 in the hollow fiber membrane container is collected, and the process proceeds to the purified water supply step.
In the purified water supply process, the purified water supply valve 18 and the filtered water discharge valve 16 are opened, and the sample water supply valve 13, the surfactant supply valve 14, the particulate discharge valve 15 and the air pump valve 17 are closed. The purified water 19 for washing the hollow fiber membrane is supplied by the purified water supply pump 21 by the volume of the hollow fiber membrane container 7, and after a predetermined time has passed, the process proceeds to the washing step.
In the cleaning process, the air pump valve 17 is opened, and the sample water supply valve 13, the filtrate discharge valve 16, the surfactant supply valve 14, the particulate discharge valve 15, and the purified water supply valve 18 are closed. While pressurizing the inside of the hollow fiber membrane with the air pump 12, the ultrasonic generator 6 irradiates the surface of the hollow fiber membrane with ultrasonic waves to wash the hollow fiber membrane and peel off the fine particles remaining on the surface of the hollow fiber membrane. Next, the air pump 12 and the ultrasonic generator 6 are stopped, and the process proceeds to the washing water discharge process.

  In the washing water discharge step, the particulate discharge valve 15 is opened, the sample water supply valve 13, the filtrate water discharge valve 16, the surfactant supply valve 14, the air pump valve 17 and the purified water supply valve 18 are closed, and the inside of the hollow fiber membrane container is closed. The washing water is discharged, and the process proceeds to the separation and purification process of Cryptosporidium in the fine particles together with the fine particle suspension obtained in the fine particle recovery process.

  In the step of separating and purifying Cryptosporidium in the fine particles, the fine particle suspension obtained in the fine particle recovery step is stored in a container (not shown) of the fine particle suspension holding unit 31 and, if necessary, pretreatment or the like. Then, various chemicals and the like are added and blended from a separation and purification processing unit (not shown), and Cryptosporidium in fine particles is separated and purified. Known methods for separating and purifying Cryptosporidium in fine particles include, for example, a density gradient centrifugation method and an immunobead method. The former method is a method in which a suspension of fine particles is subjected to a centrifugal separation process, various chemicals are added to the aqueous layer, the centrifugal process is further performed, and a certain portion is collected. The latter method is a method in which a magnetic bead having an antibody that specifically reacts with Cryptosporidium is added to a suspension of fine particles, the magnetic bead is stirred, and the magnetic bead is collected with a magnet. The separation process of Cryptosporidium in the fine particles is controlled by the control unit 32.

When processing the sample water again, it is desirable to replace only the hollow fiber membrane.
In the above process, various valves, pumps, and ultrasonic generators can be automatically controlled by a controller, and the sample water filtration and concentration step and exfoliation suspension step in the Cryptosporidium test method can be automated, saving labor. Can be planned.
Further, pressurize the secondary side of the hollow fiber membrane, and while peeling off the fine particles on the surface of the hollow fiber membrane, irradiate ultrasonic waves from an ultrasonic generator and vibrate to physically peel off the fine particles attached to the hollow fiber membrane surface. In addition, the fine particles captured on the hollow fiber membrane can be efficiently recovered by supplying a surfactant that induces the fine particles that have entered between the hollow fiber membranes.

Table 1 summarizes each process and the opening and closing of various valves.
Table 1

In the table, ◯ means that a valve indicated by a number is opened, and-means that a valve indicated by a number is closed.

In addition, this invention can also be described as follows.
(1) In the detection method of Cryptosporidium that captures, recovers, and stains Cryptosporidium present in water, after passing a predetermined amount of the water through a filtration membrane using an external pressure porous hollow fiber membrane, an external pressure type A method for detecting Cryptosporidium present in water, wherein the secondary side of the porous hollow fiber membrane is pressurized and at the same time the surface of the hollow fiber membrane is irradiated with ultrasonic waves from the primary side.
(2) The method for detecting Cryptosporidium present in water as described in (1) above, wherein a surfactant is supplied simultaneously with the pressure treatment and the ultrasonic treatment.
(3) The method for detecting Cryptosporidium present in water as described in (1) or (2) above, wherein beads comprising an antibody that specifically binds Cryptosporidium are added to capture Cryptosporidium.

(4) In a Cryptosporidium capture / recovery device existing in water, a module having an external pressure porous hollow fiber membrane for introducing the water, means for pressurizing the membrane with air, and applying ultrasonic waves to the membrane from the primary side Irradiating means, and means for adding a substance that specifically binds Cryptosporidium to the liquid containing the exfoliated material from the hollow fiber membrane, and simultaneously applying pressure and ultrasonic irradiation to the membrane, An apparatus for recovering Cryptosporidium in water, characterized in that Cryptosporidium is trapped in order to obtain a peeled material.
(5) In a Cryptosporidium capture / recovery device in water, a module having an external pressure porous hollow fiber membrane for introducing water, means for pressurizing the membrane with air, and ultrasonic waves from the primary side to the membrane A means for irradiating, a means for supplying a surfactant, and a means for adding a substance that specifically binds Cryptosporidium to the liquid containing the exfoliated material from the hollow fiber membrane. An apparatus for recovering Cryptosporidium in water, wherein the surfactant is supplied at the same time and Cryptosporidium trapped in the membrane is peeled off.
(6) The method further comprising the step of trapping Cryptosporidium by adding a substance that specifically binds Cryptosporidium to the suspension of exfoliated material from the external pressure porous hollow fiber filtration membrane ( The method for capturing and collecting infectious microorganisms present in the sample water as described in 2) or (3).
(7) The step of passing the external pressure porous hollow fiber filtration membrane with purified water following the step of applying pressure to the external pressure porous hollow fiber filtration membrane and simultaneously irradiating with ultrasonic waves, and the external pressure porous hollow fiber filtration membrane A method of capturing and recovering infectious microorganisms present in sample water, further comprising the step of irradiating the surface of the hollow fiber filtration membrane with ultrasonic waves from the primary side at the same time as pressurizing the secondary side.

Schematic diagram of an apparatus for capturing and collecting fine particles in water according to an embodiment Schematic different from the above of the apparatus for capturing and collecting fine particles in water of the embodiment

Explanation of symbols

1 hollow fiber membrane,
2 supply ports,
3 Filtration water outlet,
4 particulate outlet,
5 ultrasonic generator power supply,
6 ultrasonic generators,
7 hollow fiber membrane container,
8 surfactants,
9 sample water,
10 filtered water,
11 fine particle suspension,
12 air pump,
13 sample water supply valve,
14 surfactant supply valve,
15 particulate discharge valve,
16 filtered water discharge valve,
17 air pump valve,
18 clean water supply valve,
19 water purification,
20 sample water supply pump,
21 purified water supply pump,
22 Surfactant supply pump 30 treated water (end of treatment)
31 fine particle suspension holding unit 32 control unit

Claims (5)

In a method of membrane filtration of sample water and washing the filtration membrane to capture water-insoluble matter contained in the sample water, a first amount of the sample water passed through an external pressure porous hollow fiber filtration membrane And a second step of irradiating the surface of the hollow fiber filtration membrane with ultrasonic waves from the primary side at the same time as pressurizing the secondary side of the external pressure porous hollow fiber filtration membrane. A method for capturing and recovering infectious microorganisms present in sample water, which comprises collecting exfoliated material from a membrane. 2. The method for capturing and recovering infectious microorganisms present in sample water according to claim 1, further comprising a step of supplying a surfactant from the primary side of the membrane to the surface of the external pressure porous hollow fiber filtration membrane. . Module having an external pressure type porous hollow fiber filtration membrane for introducing a predetermined amount of sample water, means for pressurizing the secondary side of the hollow fiber filtration membrane with air, and irradiating the hollow fiber filtration membrane with ultrasonic waves from the primary side A sample that has a structure for simultaneously performing pressurization and ultrasonic irradiation to the hollow fiber filtration membrane to capture infectious microorganisms including cryptosporidium from the peeled product of the hollow fiber filtration membrane A device that captures and collects infectious microorganisms present in water. 4. The apparatus for capturing and recovering infectious microorganisms present in sample water according to claim 3, further comprising means for supplying a surfactant from the primary side to the surface of the external pressure type porous hollow fiber filtration membrane. The apparatus for capturing and recovering infectious microorganisms present in sample water according to claim 3 or 4, further comprising means for passing external pressure porous hollow fiber filtration with purified water.

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