JP2006057916A - Hot water storage type water heater - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To eliminate a shortage of quantity of hot water, while securing the optimal COP by restricting water temperature of the water flowing into a refrigerant-water heat exchanger constituting a heat pump cycle. <P>SOLUTION: The hot water storage type water heater is provided with a hot water storage tank 2, a water supplying pipe 3, a boil-up pipeline 4 for communicating a lower part of the hot water storage tank 2 with an upper part thereof to make the water in the lower part of the tank flow through a boil-up pump 5, a heating means arranged on the way of the boil-up pipeline 4 to heat the water supplied by the boil-up pump 5 by using the heat pump cycle, a hot water supplying pipe 6 inserted from the upper part of the hot water storage tank 2 and having flow-out openings 10, through which the water of the predetermined height inside the tank can be freely taken out, and a residual hot water temperature detecting unit 11 for detecting temperature of each part in the height direction of the hot water storage tank 2. When an instruction to supply the hot water is output, the outflow opening 10 possible to take out the hot water is selected to supply the hot water on the basis of a set temperature and the temperature detected by the residual hot water temperature detecting unit 11. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a heat pump type hot water heater that uses a heat pump cycle to boil hot water and store hot water in a stacked state from the upper part of the hot water storage tank.

Conventionally, with respect to this type of hot water storage type water heater, a heat pump liquid is used to heat the hot water supply liquid, the heated liquid is stored from the upper part of the hot water storage tank of the hot water supply body, and the heat pump main body that is the heating source from the lower part of the hot water storage tank When the temperature of the liquid returned to the hot water storage tank or the heat pump main body reaches a preset temperature lower than the hot water storage temperature, the heating operation of the heat pump main body is stopped and the amount of boiling water in the hot water storage tank is changed based on the amount of hot water used. On the other hand, there is one that starts the heating operation of the heat pump body when the amount of remaining hot water in the hot water storage tank becomes a predetermined amount or less (see, for example, Patent Document 1).
JP 2003-156254 A

  However, in the case of using a heat pump cycle as a heating source, when the feed water temperature to the refrigerant-water heat exchanger that heats hot water by exchanging heat increases, the temperature difference between the refrigerant and hot water in the refrigerant-water heat exchanger increases. Decreases and heating capacity decreases.

  In particular, in a hot water storage water heater using a heat pump cycle using carbon dioxide as a refrigerant, since the high pressure side pressure of the heat pump is high, when the feed water temperature is high, the degree of decrease in the operating efficiency (COP) of the heat pump becomes significant, In order to perform the operation with the optimum COP, it is necessary to perform control for changing the amount of boiling water based on the amount of hot water used, as disclosed in Patent Document 1.

  Here, generally, in order to raise COP, lowering the boiling temperature, lowering the temperature of the inflow water to the refrigerant-water heat exchanger constituting the heat pump cycle, the number of shutdowns of the compressor constituting the heat pump cycle It is important to reduce.

  However, all of these factors have the disadvantage of causing a shortage of hot water and cannot be simply adopted.

  Therefore, the present invention preferentially discharges the hot water in the hot water storage tank generated in the process of use according to the required hot water temperature, while suppressing the inflow water temperature to the refrigerant-water heat exchanger constituting the heat pump cycle, The purpose is to eliminate the shortage of hot water while ensuring the optimum COP by effectively using the abundant hot water storage that is a feature of the hot water heater.

  In order to solve the above-mentioned conventional problems, a hot water storage type hot water heater according to the present invention includes a hot water storage tank, a heating pipe that communicates a lower part and an upper part of the hot water storage tank and distributes water in the lower part of the hot water storage tank, and the heating pipe. A heating pump disposed in the heating pipe, heating means for heating water supplied by the boiling pump, and an outlet for extracting hot water from the mixed layer in the hot water storage tank It is equipped with a tapping pipe.

  Further, the hot water storage type water heater of the present invention includes a hot water storage tank, a heating pipe that communicates a lower part and an upper part of the hot water storage tank and distributes water in the lower part of the tank, and a heating pump disposed in the heating pipe. A heating means that is disposed in the middle of the boiling pipe and heats water supplied by a boiling pump; and a hot water outlet pipe having an outlet through which hot water of a predetermined height in the hot water storage tank can be taken out arbitrarily. A hot water temperature detector for detecting the hot water temperature stored in the hot water storage tank, and the outlet takes in hot water selected according to the temperature detected by the hot water temperature detector.

  As a result, the tapping pipe can take out hot water at an arbitrary temperature in the hot water storage tank, so that an optimum COP can be secured and the lack of hot water amount can be solved.

  According to the present invention, halfway hot water in the hot water storage tank can be preferentially used according to the required hot water temperature, so that the water temperature in the lower part of the hot water tank supplied to the heating means using the heat pump cycle is as much as possible. It becomes possible to hold in a lowered state, and when performing a heating operation using a heat pump cycle as a heating source, the temperature of the water flowing into the refrigerant-water heat exchanger can be lowered, and operation with an optimum COP becomes possible. .

  According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a hot water storage tank, a heating pipe that communicates a lower part and an upper part of the hot water storage tank and distributes water in the lower part of the hot water storage tank, a boiling pump disposed in the heating pipe, and the boiling The heating means is provided in the middle of the raising pipe to heat the water supplied by the boiling pump, and the hot water outlet pipe has an outlet for taking out hot water from the mixed layer in the hot water storage tank.

  This allows preferential use of half-way hot water in the hot water storage tank, and by replacing it with water supplied from the water supply pipe, it can be used as an intermediate part between the high-temperature water stored in the upper part and the low-temperature water stored in the lower part. Medium temperature water stored as a mixed layer can be reduced as much as possible, low temperature water can be continuously supplied to heating means using a heat pump cycle, and COP in an actual use state can be maintained in an optimum state. In addition, hot water storage in a stacked state without a mixed layer can be secured as a hot water storage form in the hot water storage tank.

  A second aspect of the invention is a hot water storage tank, a heating pipe that communicates a lower part and an upper part of the hot water storage tank and distributes water in the lower part of the tank, a heating pump disposed in the heating pipe, and the heating pipe A heating means that heats water supplied by a boiling pump disposed in the middle of the hot water, a hot water pipe having an outlet that can arbitrarily take out hot water of a predetermined height in the hot water storage tank, and the hot water storage tank A remaining hot water temperature detector for detecting the temperature of the stored hot water, and the hot water pipe takes out hot water selected from the outlet according to the temperature detected by the remaining hot water temperature detector.

  This allows preferential use of half-way hot water in the hot water storage tank, and by replacing it with water supplied from the water supply pipe, it can be used as an intermediate part between the high-temperature water stored in the upper part and the low-temperature water stored in the lower part. Medium temperature water stored as a mixed layer can be reduced as much as possible, low temperature water can be continuously supplied to heating means using a heat pump cycle, and COP in an actual use state can be maintained in an optimum state. In addition, hot water storage in a stacked state without a mixed layer can be secured as a hot water storage form in the hot water storage tank.

  According to a third invention, in the hot water heater of the first invention and the second invention, the position of the outlet can be adjusted in the height direction of the hot water storage tank. This makes it possible to change the height position of the outlet and take out hot water at an arbitrary temperature.

  According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a hot water storage water heater according to the third aspect of the present invention, comprising an outer tube and an inner tube, wherein the outer tube or the inner tube is configured to be rotatable, and a predetermined area is provided around the outer tube and the inner tube. The outlets that can communicate with each other at different rotational positions are provided at different height positions, and the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder communicate with each other at the predetermined height position by rotating the outer cylinder or the inner cylinder. is there.

  As a result, the outlet hot water pipe inserted into the hot water storage tank is a rotatable double pipe, and the outlet is provided in the circumferential direction so that the inner pipe and the outer pipe communicate with each other. It is possible to provide a plurality of outlets at the location, the desired hot water can be easily taken out from any position in the hot water storage tank, and any outlet can be selected by a turning operation, so that the responsiveness is good. The configuration can also be made relatively simple.

  A pulse drive motor is used as means for rotating the outer cylinder or the inner cylinder. As a result, a predetermined outlet can be communicated by outputting a pulse of a predetermined condition based on a rotation position where the outer cylinder of the tapping pipe and the outlet of the inner cylinder do not communicate with each other. Can be realized with a simple configuration.

  Further, the present invention provides a hot water storage tank, a water supply pipe provided at a lower part of the hot water storage tank, a heating pipe that communicates the lower part and the upper part of the hot water storage tank and distributes water in the lower part of the tank, and the heating pipe. A heating pump disposed in the middle of the heating piping, heating means for heating the water supplied by the heating pump using a heat pump cycle, and inserted from above the hot water storage tank. A hot water pipe having an outlet that can arbitrarily take out hot water of a predetermined height, and a remaining hot water temperature detector that detects the temperature of each part in the height direction of the hot water storage tank. An outlet that can be taken out from the temperature and the temperature detected by the remaining hot water temperature detector may be selected and discharged.

  According to this, since it becomes possible to take out hot water of a predetermined height in the hot water storage tank arbitrarily from the set temperature and the temperature detected by the remaining hot water temperature detector according to the required hot water temperature, It is possible to preferentially use odd hot water and replace it with water supplied from the water supply pipe, so that it can be stored as a mixed layer in the middle of the high-temperature water layer stored in the upper part and the low-temperature water layer stored in the lower part. Medium temperature hot water can be reduced as much as possible, low temperature water can be continuously supplied to the heating means using the heat pump cycle, COP in the actual use state can be maintained in an optimum state, and hot water storage As a hot water hot water storage form in the tank, hot water storage in a stacked state without a mixed layer can be secured.

  Further, the hot water pipe includes an outer cylinder and an inner cylinder, the outer cylinder or the inner cylinder is configured to be rotatable, and the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder are provided with portions that do not communicate with each other at a predetermined rotation position. It is. As a result, the hot water discharge pipe inserted into the hot water storage tank is a rotatable double pipe, and a place where the inner pipe and the outer pipe do not communicate with each other in the circumferential direction is provided. A structure that prevents the warm water in the tank from flowing into the hot water discharge pipe can be secured, and even if leakage occurs on the downstream side of the hot water discharge pipe, it can be reliably closed, and the closing position can be set as the initial position. The rotation control can be easily performed.

  Then, a pulse-driven motor is used as a means for rotating the outer cylinder or the inner cylinder. When the hot water is stopped, the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder are controlled so that the outlet of the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder do not communicate with each other. A pulse condition determined from the temperature and the temperature detected by the remaining hot water temperature detector is output, and a predetermined outlet is connected by the pulse drive motor, so that hot water is discharged at a desired hot water temperature. According to it, since the predetermined outlet can be communicated by outputting a pulse of a predetermined condition based on the rotation position where the outer cylinder of the hot water pipe and the outlet of the inner cylinder do not communicate with each other, the controllability is good. Accurate hot water control can be realized with a simple configuration.

(Embodiment)
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a hot water storage type water heater according to an embodiment of the present invention. Fig.2 (a) is sectional drawing of the tap pipe of the hot water storage type water heater, and FIG.2 (b) is an exploded perspective view of the hot water pipe of the hot water storage type water heater.

  A hot water storage type water heater using a heat pump cycle using carbon dioxide according to the present embodiment includes a hot water storage unit 1 and a heat pump unit 50 as heating means.

  The hot water storage unit 1 includes a hot water storage tank 2 that stores hot water, a water supply pipe 3 that supplies cold general tap water from the lower part of the hot water storage tank 2, and a lower part and an upper part of the hot water storage tank 2 that communicate with each other. A boiling pipe 4 for guiding the low temperature water to the heat pump unit 50 and returning the hot water heated by the heat pump unit 50 to the hot water storage tank 2, and a boiling pump 5 disposed in the middle of the boiling pipe 4 are provided. Yes.

  The hot water discharge pipe 6 has a rotatable double pipe structure inserted from the upper part of the hot water storage tank 2 so that hot water of a predetermined height in the hot water storage tank 2 can be taken out arbitrarily. The hot water discharge pipe 6 includes a bottomed inner cylinder 8 that is rotated by a pulse drive motor 7 and an outer cylinder 9 that is integrally attached to the hot water storage tank 2. In the circumferential direction, outlets 10 communicating with each other at a predetermined rotational position are provided at different height positions.

  Further, in the state where the hot water is stopped, the outlet 10 of the inner cylinder 8 and the outer cylinder 9 is controlled so as to be in a predetermined rotational position where the hot water pipe 6 in which one set does not communicate is closed. By setting the closing position as the initial position, the rotation control can be easily performed. Further, since it is a rotating operation, the response is good and the structure is simple.

  1 and 2 show four outlets 10A, 10B, 10C, and 10D provided at different height positions between the upper and lower portions of the inner cylinder 8 and the outer cylinder 9. FIG. That is, the outlet 10A of the inner cylinder 8 and the outlet 10A of the outer cylinder 9 communicate with each other at a predetermined rotational position, and the other 10B, 10C, and 10D communicate with each other at different predetermined rotational positions. ing.

  Further, the hot water storage tank 2 is provided with a remaining hot water temperature detector 11 for detecting the hot water temperature at different height positions. In FIG. 1, four remaining hot water temperature detectors 11 </ b> A, 11 </ b> B, 11 </ b> C, and 11 </ b> D are provided at different height positions between the upper part and the lower part of the hot water storage tank 2. In the present embodiment, the first remaining hot water temperature detector 11A is provided between the first outlet 10A and the second outlet 10B, and the second remaining hot water temperature detector 11B The third remaining hot water temperature detector 11C is provided between the third outlet 10C and the fourth outlet 10D, and is provided between the outlet 10B and the third outlet 10C. The hot water temperature detection port 11D is provided at a position lower than the fourth outlet 10D.

  The temperature sensor M detects the hot water temperature in the lower part of the hot water storage tank 2 and is used to determine whether to stop the boiling operation or to perform the boiling operation.

  The mixing valve 12 is electrically operated, and the opening degree of a valve body (not shown) in which hot water supplied from the tap pipe 6 and low-temperature general tap water supplied from the water supply pipe 3 are incorporated according to the set temperature. By controlling the ratio, mixed water having a desired temperature is obtained. Further, a mixing thermistor 14 for detecting the temperature of the mixed water mixed by the mixing valve 12 and a currant 15 connected to the hot water supply pipe 13 are attached to the hot water supply pipe 13.

  The heat pump unit 50 includes a compressor 51 that heats the refrigerant, a heat exchanger 52 for hot water supply that heats the heated refrigerant to heat the low-temperature water guided from the hot water storage tank 2, and an expansion valve 53 that expands the refrigerant under reduced pressure. Then, an atmospheric heat exchanger 54 that recovers heat from the atmospheric heat and vaporizes and evaporates the refrigerant is connected in a ring shape to constitute a heat pump cycle.

  Next, the boiling operation of the hot water storage tank will be described with the above configuration.

  By operating the boiling pump 5, the low temperature water flowing out from the lower part of the hot water storage tank 2 through the boiling pipe 4 flows through the hot water supply heat exchanger 52 and flows again from the upper part of the hot water storage tank 2.

  On the other hand, the heat pump unit 50 also operates. The refrigerant compressed by the compressor 51 dissipates heat in the hot water supply heat exchanger 52, decompresses and expands by the expansion valve 53, and is evaporated and evaporated by the atmospheric heat recovered by the atmospheric heat exchanger 54. The compressor again It flows into 51 and becomes a 1-cycle driving | operation. Therefore, in the hot water supply heat exchanger 52, the heat of the refrigerant flowing through the refrigerant heating circuit is conducted to the low-temperature water flowing through the boiling pipe 4, and the heated low-temperature water becomes hot water and is stored in the hot water storage tank 2.

  At this time, since warm water flows in from the upper part of the hot water storage tank 2 and low temperature water flows out from the lower part of the hot water storage tank 2, the hot water is stored in the upper layer in the hot water storage tank 2, and the hot water layer gradually becomes thicker. And the state where sufficient hot water was accumulated in hot water storage tank 2 is detected by temperature sensor M provided in the lower part side of hot water storage tank 2, and boiling operation is ended.

  In this way, the heat pump water heater efficiently collects atmospheric heat and heat-exchanges the refrigerant heated to a high temperature by the compressor to efficiently boil high-temperature hot water and run using low-cost electric power at midnight. It is intended to provide merit in terms of cost, and is usually heated once a day at night.

  However, when the remaining hot water amount in the hot water storage tank 2 becomes a predetermined amount or less, it is possible to boil hot water using daytime power.

  At the end of the boiling operation, the hot water temperature in the hot water storage tank 2 is the highest in the upper layer above the temperature sensor M, and the lower temperature is the lowest because low temperature water is stored. A mixed layer of hot water having a halfway temperature in which hot water and low-temperature water are mixed in a small range is formed at the boundary of. Here, the mixed layer is a temperature layer having a temperature gradient formed between a high temperature layer (for example, 90 degrees) and a low temperature layer (for example, 20 degrees) in the hot water storage tank 2.

  If hot water is not used at the end of the boiling operation or if the amount of hot water used is small, the hot water temperature decreases due to natural heat dissipation from the surface of the hot water storage tank 2, and the mixed layer further expands.

  Since the intermediate temperature water at the halfway temperature of this mixed layer has a higher temperature than tap water, when it is attempted to boil again with the heat pump unit, the heat exchange efficiency in the heat exchanger 52 for hot water supply decreases, and as a result As a result, the COP (driving efficiency) is lowered and the running cost is lowered. When the temperature of the medium temperature water is detected to be equal to or higher than a predetermined temperature by the temperature sensor M, the boiling operation is controlled not to be performed in order to prevent the COP from becoming 1 or lower.

  Next, the hot water supply operation will be described. First, when the currant 15 is opened and a hot water discharge instruction is issued, the hot water supply temperature set by the user and the hot water storage tank 2 are set, for example, to determine which outlet of the outlets 10A to 10D is to be communicated. The detection temperatures of 11A, 11B, 11C, and 11D of the remaining hot water temperature detector 11 are compared.

  Then, a pulse condition is output so that hot water is taken out from the outlet 10 immediately above the remaining hot water temperature detector 11 that has detected the hot water temperature so that the temperature difference between the hot water supply temperature and the hot water set temperature is minimized. The inner cylinder 8 is rotated from the initial position where the outlet 10 is closed by the pulse drive motor 7, and the outer cylinder 9 and the outlet 10 are communicated with each other.

  As an example, in the hot water supply operation, when the remaining hot water temperature detectors 11A, 11B, 11C, and 11D detect the same temperature, the hot water is taken out from the outlet 10D below the mixed layer with the middle temperature water, The tap water is mixed with general tap water so as to reach a set temperature by the mixing valve 12, and discharged from the currant 15 through the hot water supply pipe 13.

  At the same time as the hot water, low temperature water is supplied to the lower part of the hot water storage tank 2 through the water supply pipe 3, high temperature hot water is stored in the upper layer of the hot water storage tank 2, and low temperature water is stored in the lower part. It has become.

  If the remaining hot water temperature detector 11D detects a temperature that is lower than the preset hot water supply temperature during hot water from the currant 15, the pulse drive system is used so that hot water is taken out from the outlet 10C one level higher. The motor 7 rotates the inner cylinder 8.

  Similarly, when the remaining hot water temperature detector 11C detects a temperature lower than the preset hot water supply temperature by a preset temperature, the pulse drive motor 7 causes the inner cylinder 8 to take out hot water from the outlet 10B one level higher. Is designed to rotate.

  In this way, when a hot water instruction is issued, the hot water in the lower mixed layer in the hot water storage tank 2 is preferentially discharged so that the intermediate temperature water and the low temperature water supplied from the water supply pipe 3 are discharged. The tap water with low temperature is surely stored in the lower part of the hot water storage tank 2.

  Therefore, in order to enable operation with the optimum COP, tap water as low as possible is boiled so that a merit can be obtained at a running cost. Furthermore, by securing hot water storage in a stacked state, the ratio of hot water in the hot water storage tank 2 is increased to meet the user's expectation to use plenty of hot water, and hot water can be efficiently used even in small hot water tanks. The device body can be reduced in size by storing.

  Next, when the currant 15 is closed and the hot water supply operation is completed, the pulse drive type motor 7 is rotated, and the outlet 10 of the inner cylinder 8 and the outer cylinder 9 is controlled to return to the initial position where no one set communicates with each other. . As a result, even if leakage occurs downstream of the hot water pipe 6 such as the closing function of the currant 15 is impaired, the hot water in the hot water storage tank 2 does not flow into the hot water pipe 6 in the hot water stop state. Accidents caused by leaking hot water and running out of hot water can be prevented.

  In this embodiment, the pulse drive motor 7 is used as the rotational power and the inner cylinder 8 is rotated by the pulse drive motor 7. However, other rotational power may be used. Moreover, the same effect is acquired also as a structure which rotates the outer cylinder 9. FIG.

  The hot water storage water heater of the present invention is particularly useful for a hot water storage water heater using a heat pump cycle using carbon dioxide as a refrigerant, and can also be applied to a hot water storage water heater using a heater or gas as a heat source.

The block diagram of the hot water storage type water heater by embodiment of this invention (A) Sectional view of the hot water outlet pipe of the hot water storage type water heater (b) Disassembled perspective view of the hot water outlet pipe of the hot water storage type water heater

Explanation of symbols

2 Hot water storage tank 3 Water supply pipe 4 Boiling pipe 5 Boiling pump 6 Hot water pipe 7 Pulse drive motor 10 Outlet 11 Remaining hot water temperature detector 50 Heat pump unit

Claims (5)

A hot water storage tank, a heating pipe that communicates the lower and upper parts of the hot water storage tank and distributes the water in the lower part of the hot water storage tank, a heating pump that is arranged in the heating pipe, and a middle of the heating pipe A hot water storage type water heater comprising heating means for heating water supplied by a boiling pump and a hot water outlet pipe having an outlet for taking out hot water from the mixed layer in the hot water storage tank. A hot water storage tank, a heating pipe that communicates the lower and upper parts of the hot water storage tank and circulates water in the lower part of the tank, a heating pump that is arranged in the heating pipe, and a middle of the heating pipe. Detecting the temperature of the hot water stored in the hot water storage tank, a heating means for heating the water supplied by the boiling pump, a hot water pipe having an outlet that can arbitrarily take out hot water of a predetermined height in the hot water storage tank, and A hot water storage type hot water heater that takes out hot water from an outlet according to the temperature detected by the remaining hot water temperature detector. The hot water storage water heater according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the position of the outlet is adjustable in the height direction of the hot water storage tank. The hot water pipe includes an outer cylinder and an inner cylinder, and the outer cylinder or the inner cylinder is configured to be rotatable, and the outlets that can communicate with each other at a predetermined rotation position are different around the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder. The hot water storage type water heater according to claim 3, wherein the hot water heater is provided at a height position, and the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder communicate with each other at a predetermined height position by rotating the outer cylinder or the inner cylinder. The hot water storage water heater according to claim 4, wherein a pulse drive motor is used as means for rotating the outer cylinder or the inner cylinder.

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