JP2006041789A - Non-radiative dielectric line, high frequency transmitter-receiver and radar employing the same, radar mounted vehicle and radar mounted small ship - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a non-radiative dielectric line with a stabilized transmission characteristic in a structure for interconnecting the non-radiative dielectric line to a high frequency transmission line. <P>SOLUTION: The non-radiative dielectric line H1 is configured such that an input output dielectric line 3 and a connection purpose dielectric line 4 are arranged between flat plate conductors 1, 2 arranged in parallel at an interval of 1/2 wavelength of a high frequency signal or below, and a deviation L<SB>1</SB>between a through-hole 1a of the flat plate conductor 1 provided in the vicinity of a position P2 at which the electric field of a standing wave in the LSM mode at one end 3a of the input output dielectric line 3 is strong and the position P2 at which the electric field of the standing wave in the LSM mode is strong is smaller than an interval L<SB>2</SB>between the other end 3b of the input output dielectric line 3 and one end 4a of the connection purpose dielectric line 4 connected to the other end 3b at an interval. Since the interval L<SB>2</SB>gives a smaller effect on the deterioration in the reflection characteristic than the interval L<SB>1</SB>gives, the reflectance can relatively be reduced. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention is incorporated in a millimeter-wave integrated circuit or the like, and has transmission characteristics in a non-radiative dielectric line used in a structure for connecting a non-radiative dielectric line used for high-frequency signal transmission and a high-frequency transmission line. The present invention relates to a non-radiative dielectric line that can be stabilized and a high-frequency transceiver using the same.

  The present invention also relates to a radar apparatus including the above-described high-frequency transmitter / receiver, a radar apparatus-equipped vehicle equipped with the radar apparatus, and a radar apparatus-equipped small ship.

  Conventionally, a non-radiative dielectric line (hereinafter also referred to as an NRD guide) having a simple structure in which a dielectric line is sandwiched between a pair of flat plate conductors has been used as one of high-frequency signal transmission lines. When this non-radiative dielectric line is incorporated into a wiring board or the like, it is indispensable to connect the non-radiative dielectric line to another high-frequency transmission line in circuit design, in which case the transmission characteristics deteriorate. It is important to connect without.

  Conventionally, a nonradiative dielectric line for connecting a nonradiative dielectric line and a waveguide is, for example, a perspective view shown in FIG. 11A, a plan view shown in FIG. 11B, and FIG. In the non-radiative dielectric line H in which the dielectric line 53 is disposed between the flat conductors 51 and 52 arranged in parallel, as shown in the sectional view taken along the line CC ′ in FIG. A through-hole is formed in the flat conductor 51 at a position where the electric field of the standing wave of the LSM mode of the line 53 is strong (a position on the center side of the dielectric line 53 by a predetermined length L from the open end 53a which is one end of the dielectric line 53). 51a was provided (for example, refer to Patent Document 1). In FIG. 11B, P1, P2, P3, and P4 represent locations where the electric field of the standing wave in the LSM mode is strong, that is, positions suitable for providing the through hole 51a.

  As described above, the position of the portion where the electric field of the standing wave in the LSM mode is strong is determined based on the position of the open end 53a in the dielectric line 53.

  A nonradiative dielectric line H as shown in FIG. 11 (a) is connected to the through hole 51a at one end of the waveguide G and to the other end of the waveguide G, for example, a pill. A high-frequency oscillator such as a Gunn diode oscillator, an antenna, or the like is connected, and the high-frequency oscillator or antenna is connected to another high-frequency circuit element connected to the connection end 53b that is the other end of the dielectric line 53. Used as a transmission line. In addition, about the technique which connects a nonradiative dielectric material line | wire and a waveguide, the same structure is also disclosed by patent document 1-patent document 8. FIG.

  Moreover, the example of the conventional high frequency transmitter / receiver and radar apparatus comprised using a nonradiative dielectric track is disclosed by patent document 9, for example.

In addition, for example, Patent Document 10 discloses an example of a conventional radar device and a radar device-equipped vehicle equipped with the radar device.
JP 2000-22407 JP 2000-22408 JP 2002-76721 A Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2002-16406 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2001-237618 JP 2002-299920 A Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2002-344210 JP 2003-198218 JP 2000-258525 A JP 2003-35768 A

  However, in the conventional non-radiative dielectric line, the line length of the dielectric line 53 usually has a manufacturing variation. Therefore, the positions of the open end 53a and the connection end 53b of the dielectric line 53 with respect to the flat conductors 51 and 52 are different. As a result, the position of the through hole 51a is shifted from the location where the electric field in the LSM mode of the dielectric line 53 becomes strong, or the interval between the connection end 53b and other high-frequency circuit elements is increased. There is a problem that the reflection characteristic and transmission characteristic of a high-frequency signal transmitted between a high-frequency circuit element such as a high-frequency oscillator and an antenna and other high-frequency circuit elements through the connection end 53b and the through hole 51a are likely to fluctuate.

  In addition, in a conventional high-frequency transmitter / receiver using such a non-radiative dielectric line, the strength of a high-frequency signal output from a high-frequency oscillator or antenna tends to fluctuate, so that good transmission / reception performance can be stably obtained. There was a problem that it was difficult.

  The present invention has been completed in view of the above circumstances, and an object thereof is to stabilize transmission characteristics in a non-radiative dielectric line used in a structure for connecting a non-radiative dielectric line and a high-frequency transmission line. It is an object of the present invention to provide a non-radiative dielectric line that can be used and a high-performance high-frequency transceiver using the same.

  Another object of the present invention is to provide a radar apparatus equipped with such a high-performance high-frequency transmitter / receiver, a radar apparatus-equipped vehicle equipped with the radar apparatus, and a radar apparatus-equipped small ship.

  In solving the above problems, the present inventors have found that the positional deviation of the open end 53a has a greater influence on the reflection characteristics and transmission characteristics of such a non-radiative dielectric line than the positional deviation of the connection end 53b. I found it. And it came to complete this invention described below.

  The non-radiative dielectric line of the present invention has an input / output dielectric line and a connecting dielectric line arranged between flat conductors arranged in parallel at intervals of half or less of the wavelength of a high-frequency signal, A through hole provided in the vicinity of a portion where the electric field of the LSM mode standing wave is strong on one end side of the input / output dielectric line with respect to one of the flat conductors, and a portion where the electric field of the standing wave of the LSM mode is strong The shift is made smaller than the distance between the other end of the input / output dielectric line and the one end of the connecting dielectric line with one end connected to the other end. Is.

  The non-radiative dielectric line of the present invention is provided in the vicinity of a place where the electric field of the standing wave in the LSM mode on one end side of the input / output dielectric line is stronger than the other of the flat conductors in the above configuration. A connecting dielectric line having one end connected to the other end of the input / output dielectric line with a gap between the through hole and a portion where the electric field of the standing wave in the LSM mode is strong This is characterized in that it is smaller than the distance from the one end.

  The non-radiative dielectric line of the present invention is characterized in that, in each of the above configurations, the through hole is connected to an open terminal portion of a waveguide.

  A first high-frequency transmitter / receiver of the present invention includes a high-frequency oscillator that generates a high-frequency signal, and the high-frequency signal that is connected to an output end of the high-frequency oscillator is branched to one output end and the other output end. An output branching device, a modulator connected to the one output end, modulating a high-frequency signal branched to the one output end and outputting a high-frequency signal for transmission, and a first around the magnetic body A modulator having a terminal, a second terminal, and a third terminal, and outputting a high-frequency signal input from one terminal in this order from an adjacent next terminal, the output of the modulator being input to the first terminal The circulator, the transmission / reception antenna connected to the second terminal of the circulator, and the other output connected between the other output terminal of the branching device and the third terminal of the circulator. Branched to the end A mixer that mixes a frequency signal and a high-frequency signal received by the transmission / reception antenna to output an intermediate frequency signal, and the high-frequency oscillator and the branching device or the circulator and the transmission / reception antenna are configured as described above. They are connected by any one of the non-radiative dielectric lines of the present invention.

  A second high-frequency transmitter / receiver of the present invention includes a high-frequency oscillator that generates a high-frequency signal, and the high-frequency signal that is connected to the output end of the high-frequency oscillator and branches to one output end and the other output end. An output branching device, a modulator connected to the one output end, modulating a high-frequency signal branched to the one output end and outputting a transmission high-frequency signal, and one end at the output end of the modulator An isolator that transmits the high-frequency signal for transmission from the one end side to the other end side, a transmission antenna connected to the isolator, and a reception antenna connected to the other output end side of the branching device A high-frequency signal branched to the other output end connected between the other output end of the branching device and the receiving antenna and a high-frequency signal received by the receiving antenna are mixed to obtain an intermediate frequency The high-frequency oscillator, the branching device, the isolator, and the transmitting antenna, or the mixer and the receiving antenna are any of the non-radiative dielectric lines according to the present invention having the above-described configurations. It is characterized by being connected by.

  The radar apparatus according to the present invention is a distance between the first and second high-frequency transmitter / receiver of the present invention having the above-described configuration and a detection target by processing the intermediate frequency signal output from the high-frequency transmitter / receiver. And a distance information detector for detecting information.

  The radar device-equipped vehicle of the present invention includes the radar device of the present invention having the above-described configuration, and is characterized in that this radar device is used for detection of an object to be detected.

  A small ship equipped with a radar apparatus according to the present invention includes the radar apparatus according to the present invention having the above-described configuration, and is characterized in that this radar apparatus is used for detection of a detection target.

  According to the non-radiative dielectric line of the present invention, the input / output dielectric line and the connecting dielectric line are arranged between the flat conductors arranged in parallel at intervals of half or less of the wavelength of the high-frequency signal. , A through hole provided in the vicinity of a portion where the electric field of the LSM mode standing wave is strong on one end of the input / output dielectric line with respect to one of the flat conductors, and a portion where the electric field of the standing wave of the LSM mode is strong Because the deviation is smaller than the distance between the other end of the input / output dielectric line and the one end of the connecting dielectric line with one end connected to the other end. The distance between the input / output dielectric lines and the connecting dielectric lines absorbs variations in the line lengths of the input / output dielectric lines and the connecting dielectric lines, and the LSM mode of the input / output dielectric lines is determined. So that the through hole is located at the place where the electric field of the standing wave is strong Even if an input / output dielectric line with a variation in line length with respect to the position of the through hole is arranged, the input / output dielectric line and the connecting dielectric line, or these and other high-frequency circuit elements are not connected. The input / output dielectric line and the connecting dielectric line can be arranged without physical interference, and the LSM mode of the through hole and the input / output dielectric line can be set even if the gap is wide. Since there is an action to relatively reduce the reflection rather than the deviation from the place where the existing electric field is strong, the reflected high-frequency signal interferes with other high-frequency signals and the transmission characteristics become unstable. This has the effect of reducing the adverse effect of increasing the frequency dependence of the transmission characteristics, resulting in a non-radiative dielectric line capable of stably transmitting a high-frequency signal.

  Further, according to the non-radiative dielectric line of the present invention, the through hole provided in the vicinity of a place where the electric field of the standing wave in the LSM mode on the one end side of the input / output dielectric line is strong with respect to the other of the flat conductors. Between the other end of the input / output dielectric line and the other end of the connecting dielectric line with one end connected to the other end of the LSM mode. When the gap is smaller than the above-mentioned distance from one end, a waveguide having a different size from the waveguide connected to the through-hole provided in one of the flat conductors is connected to the through-hole provided in the other flat conductor. However, it becomes a non-radiative dielectric line which can transmit each of these through-holes and stably transmit a high-frequency signal on both the front and back sides.

  Further, according to the non-radiative dielectric line of the present invention, the through hole has an open terminal portion having various opening shapes and sizes when the open terminal portion of the waveguide is connected. A high-frequency signal is small in loss and can be transmitted stably with respect to the waveguide.

  According to the first high-frequency transmitter / receiver of the present invention, a high-frequency oscillator that generates a high-frequency signal, and the high-frequency signal that is connected to the output end of the high-frequency oscillator are branched to one output end and the other output end. A modulator connected to the one output terminal, a modulator for modulating the high-frequency signal branched to the one output terminal and outputting a high-frequency signal for transmission, and a magnetic material around the magnetic body. A first terminal, a second terminal, and a third terminal, and a high-frequency signal input from one terminal in this order is output from an adjacent next terminal, and the output of the modulator is output to the first terminal. The other circulator connected between the input circulator, the transmission / reception antenna connected to the second terminal of the circulator, and the other output terminal of the branching device and the third terminal of the circulator Branch to the output end of A mixer that mixes the high-frequency signal received and the high-frequency signal received by the transmission / reception antenna to output an intermediate frequency signal, and the high-frequency oscillator and the branching device or the circulator and the transmission / reception antenna are Since it is connected by any non-radiative dielectric line according to the present invention, the non-radiative dielectric line is connected to the through hole provided in the flat conductor of the non-radiative dielectric line and the through hole. In order to transmit a high-frequency signal generated by a high-frequency oscillator through a high-frequency transmission line such as a waveguide in a state where the frequency and intensity are stable, or to transmit and receive a high-frequency signal transmitted and received by a transmission / reception antenna in a state where the frequency and intensity are stable, Stabilize the frequency and strength of the transmit high-frequency signal transmitted from the transmit / receive antenna, or receive it through the transmit / receive antenna and enter the mixer. Since the frequency and strength of the high-frequency signal can be or stability, a high performance RF transceiver transmitting and receiving performance is good. In addition, since the high-frequency oscillator and the transmitting / receiving antenna can be provided on the flat conductor of the non-radiative dielectric line, the high-frequency transmitter / receiver is advantageous in reducing the size and improving the mountability.

  According to the second high-frequency transmitter / receiver of the present invention, a high-frequency oscillator for generating a high-frequency signal and the high-frequency signal connected to the output end side of the high-frequency oscillator are branched to one output end and the other output end. And a modulator connected to the one output terminal for modulating a high-frequency signal branched to the one output terminal and outputting a high-frequency signal for transmission, and an output terminal of the modulator One end connected to the isolator that transmits the high-frequency signal for transmission from the one end side to the other end side, a transmission antenna connected to the isolator, and the other output end side of the branching device A high frequency signal branched to the other output terminal connected between the reception antenna and the other output terminal of the branching device and the reception antenna and a high frequency signal received by the reception antenna are mixed. During ~ And a mixer for outputting a frequency signal, wherein the high-frequency oscillator, the branching device, the isolator, the transmitting antenna, or the mixer and the receiving antenna are any of the non-radiative dielectrics according to the present invention having the above-described configurations. Since the non-radiative dielectric line is connected by a line, the high-frequency oscillator passes through a high-frequency transmission line such as a through-hole provided in a flat conductor of the non-radiative dielectric line and a waveguide connected to the through-hole. Transmit high-frequency signals with high frequency and strength, or transmit and receive high-frequency signals transmitted and received with the transmitting and receiving antennas with stable frequency and strength. Stabilize the frequency and strength of the signal, or the frequency of the high-frequency signal received by the receiving antenna and input to the mixer Since the strength can be or stability, a high performance RF transceiver transmitting and receiving performance is good. In addition, since the high-frequency oscillator, the transmission antenna, and the reception antenna can be provided on the flat conductor of the non-radiative dielectric line, the high-frequency transmitter / receiver is advantageous in realizing miniaturization and improvement in mountability.

  According to the radar apparatus of the present invention, either the first or second high-frequency transmitter / receiver of the present invention having the above-described configuration and the intermediate frequency signal output from the high-frequency transmitter / receiver are processed to the detection target. Because it has a distance information detector for detecting the distance information of the high frequency transmitter / receiver, the transmission / reception performance of the high frequency transmitter / receiver is good and stable, so that the object to be detected can be detected quickly and surely, In other words, the radar apparatus can reliably detect an object to be detected at a long distance.

  According to the vehicle equipped with the radar apparatus of the present invention, since the radar apparatus of the present invention having the above-described configuration is provided and this radar apparatus is used for detection of the detection target object, the other radar vehicle is a detection target object quickly and reliably. Radar device that can detect a vehicle and an obstacle, for example, without causing the vehicle to take a sudden action to avoid them, for example, to perform appropriate control of the vehicle and appropriate warning to the driver It becomes an on-board vehicle.

  According to the small ship equipped with the radar apparatus of the present invention, the radar apparatus of the present invention having the above-described configuration is provided, and this radar apparatus is used for detection of the detection object. Because small boat obstacles can be detected, for example, appropriate control of small boats and appropriate warnings to pilots can be made without causing the small boats to take a sudden action to avoid them. A small ship equipped with a radar device.

  First, the non-radiative dielectric line of the present invention and the high-frequency transceiver of the present invention using the same will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a non-radiative dielectric line H1 which is an example of an embodiment of a non-radiative dielectric line according to the present invention, where (a) is a plan view, and (b) and (c) are A -A 'line sectional drawing and BB' line sectional drawing. FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a non-radiative dielectric line H2 which is another example of the embodiment of the non-radiative dielectric line of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an example in which a waveguide is connected to a non-radiative dielectric line H1, which is an example of an embodiment of the non-radiative dielectric line of the present invention. 1 to 3, 1 is one flat conductor, 2 is the other flat conductor, 3 is an input / output dielectric line, 4 is a connecting dielectric line, 5 is another input / output dielectric line, 6 is another connecting dielectric line, 7 is an open terminal portion of the waveguide G, 1a is a through hole provided in one flat conductor 1, 2a is a through hole provided in the other flat conductor 2, 3a Is an open end that is one end of the input / output dielectric line 3 on the side of the through hole 1 a, and 3 b is a connection end that is the other end of the input / output dielectric line 3.

FIGS. 4 and 5 are a schematic block circuit diagram and a plan view, respectively, showing an example of an embodiment of the first high-frequency transceiver of the present invention. FIGS. 6A and 6B are perspective views schematically showing an example of a substrate on which a diode used in a nonradiative dielectric line type modulator and a mixer is mounted, respectively. FIG. 7 and FIG. 8 are a schematic block circuit diagram and a plan view, respectively, showing an example of an embodiment of the second high-frequency transceiver of the present invention. Further, FIGS. 9 and FIG. 10 is a diagram showing the reflection coefficient S ₁₁ of the embodiment of nonradiative dielectric waveguide of the present invention. 4 to 10, 11 is a high-frequency oscillator, 12 is a branching device, 13 is a modulator, 14 is a circulator, 15 is a transmitting / receiving antenna, 16 is a mixer, 17 is a switch, 18 is an isolator, 19 is a transmitting antenna, 20 Is a receiving antenna, 21 and 31 are lower flat conductors, 22 and 32 are first dielectric lines, 23 and 33 are second dielectric lines, 24 and 34 are ferrite plates as magnetic bodies, 25 and 35 Is a third dielectric line, 26 and 36 are fourth dielectric lines, 27 and 37 are fifth dielectric lines, 28, 38a and 38b are non-reflective terminators, 39 is a sixth dielectric line, 40 and 44 are substrates, 41 and 46 are choke-type bias supply lines, 42 and 47 are connection terminals, 43 is a high-frequency modulation element, 45 is a high-frequency detection element, 12a is an input end, 12b is one output end, 12c Is the other output terminal, 13a and 18a are input terminals, 13b and 18b are output terminals, 14a, 24a and 34a are first terminals, 14b, 24b and 34b are second terminals, Reference numerals 14c, 24c, and 34c denote third terminals. 5 and 8, the upper flat conductor is not shown.

A nonradiative dielectric line H1 which is an example of an embodiment of the nonradiative dielectric line of the present invention shown in FIG. 1 is a flat conductor 1, 2 arranged in parallel at an interval of 1/2 or less of the wavelength of a high frequency signal. An input / output dielectric line 3 and a connecting dielectric line 4 are arranged between them, and one end 3a of the input / output dielectric line 3 with respect to one of the flat conductors 1 and 2 (in this example, the flat conductor 1). The difference L ₁ between the through hole 1a provided near the portion P2 where the LSM mode standing wave electric field is strong and the portion P2 where the LSM mode standing wave electric field is strong and the end 3b, a structure in which smaller than the distance L ₂ between the end 4a of the connection dielectric waveguide 4 having one end 4a at a distance to the other end 3b is connected.

  In the above configuration, the input / output dielectric line 3 transmits the high-frequency signal input from the connecting dielectric line 4 to the through hole 1a provided in the flat conductor 1, and the high-frequency signal is connected to the through hole 1a. It operates so as to be transmitted to a high-frequency transmission line such as a waveguide. At this time, the open end 3a, which is one end of the input / output dielectric line 3, serves as an open end portion. Therefore, in the non-radiative dielectric line H1 having such a structure, the conventional non-radiative line shown in FIG. As with the dielectric line H, a standing wave of an electric field is generated in the LSM mode as schematically shown by a circular arrow line in FIG. In FIG. 11B, a circular arrow line indicates that the electric field vector generated by the excitation in the LSM mode is rotating in time at the same place.

  Also in the non-radiative dielectric line of the present invention, the through hole 1a is provided in the portion where the electric field of the standing wave in the LSM mode of the input / output dielectric line 3 (corresponding to the dielectric line 53 of the conventional example) is strong. Based on that. That is, as shown in a cross-sectional view in FIG. 1C, it is desirable to provide the through hole 1a so as not to deviate as much as possible from P2, which is one of the portions where the electric field of the standing wave in the LSM mode is strong.

  However, as pointed out at that time, as pointed out as a problem of the conventional example, the line length of the input / output dielectric line 3 actually has a manufacturing variation, and therefore, a flat conductor in advance. When the input / output dielectric line 3 is arranged so that the position of P2 of the input / output dielectric line 3 is aligned with the through-hole 1a provided in 1, the connection which is the other end of the input / output dielectric line 3 The position of the end 3b varies, and the high-frequency circuit element connected to the connection end 3b physically interferes with the input / output dielectric line 3 and cannot be disposed at a predetermined position. Since the distance from the connection end 3b is increased, the reflection of the high-frequency signal at that portion is increased.

Therefore, in the non-radiative dielectric line of the present invention, one end of the connecting dielectric line 4 is not connected directly to the connecting end 3b of the input / output dielectric line 3 but spaced from the connecting end 3b. A connecting dielectric line 4 is provided so that 4a is arranged, and a high-frequency circuit element is connected to the other end of the connecting dielectric line 4. In this way, even if the high frequency circuit element connected to the connecting dielectric line 4 and the input / output dielectric line 3 are arranged at predetermined positions, the connecting dielectric line 4 is connected to the one end 4a and the connecting end. by absorbing variations in the line length of the input and output dielectric line 3 and its connection dielectric waveguide 4 itself with a distance L ₂ between 3b, their high-frequency circuit element, connection dielectric waveguide 4 and the input-output dielectric Since the body track 3 can be appropriately arranged, problems in assembly can be avoided.

In the non-radiative dielectric line of the present invention, the reflection characteristics are deteriorated due to the gap (interval L ₂ ) between the input / output dielectric line 3 and the connecting dielectric line 4 which is the next point to be considered. In this case, the input / output dielectric line 3 is displaced from a predetermined position with respect to the through hole 1a, so that a deviation L ₁ between the through hole 1a and the portion P2 where the electric field of the standing wave in the LSM mode is strong is generated and deteriorated. compared to the degree of, the direction of the deviation L ₁ is large influence on the degradation of the reflection characteristic than the distance L _2, to reduce the deviation L ₁ than the distance L _2. This is based on what has been confirmed by experiments as described later in Examples. In this way, even if the input / output dielectric line 3 has a variation in line length, the input / output dielectric line 3 and the connecting dielectric line 4 are less affected by the deterioration of the reflection characteristics. the distance L ₂ provided between, it is possible to reduce the deterioration and variation of the reflection characteristic while absorbing the variation in that part. Similarly to this, in relation to the high-frequency circuit elements such as a modulator, circulator, isolator or mixer connected to the connecting dielectric line 4, the connecting dielectric line 4 and the input / output dielectric line 3, It is preferable to make the interval between the connecting dielectric line 4 and these high-frequency circuit elements smaller than the interval L ₂ between the connecting dielectric line 4 and the input / output dielectric line 3. In this way, even if the connecting dielectric line 4 and the input / output dielectric line 3 have variations in line length, the high-frequency transmission line such as a waveguide connected to the high-frequency circuit element and the through-hole 1 is used. And reflection can be suppressed.

In addition, also in the direction perpendicular to the transmission direction of the high-frequency signal transmitted to the input / output dielectric line 3, the deviation L3 between the central part of the through hole 1a and the central part of the input / output dielectric line ₃ is The reflection characteristic is deteriorated more than the shift L ₄ between the central portion of the input / output dielectric line 3 and the central portion of the connecting dielectric line 4 at the connecting portion of the output dielectric line 3 and the connecting dielectric line 4. Since the influence is large, it is preferable to make the deviation L ₃ smaller than the deviation L ₄ .

Since the non-radiative dielectric line H1 which is an example of the embodiment of the non-radiative dielectric line of the present invention shown in FIG. 1 has the above-described configuration, the input / output dielectric line 3, the connection dielectric line 4, and distance L ₂ is, to absorb the variations in their line lengths of the input and output dielectric line 3 and the connection dielectric waveguide 4, input-output dielectric waveguide 3 places electric field of the standing wave is strong LSM mode P2 Even if the input / output dielectric line 3 having a variation in line length with respect to the position of the through-hole 1a is arranged so that the through-hole 1a is located in the input / output dielectric line 3, the input / output dielectric line 3 and the connecting dielectric line 4 Toka or together with them and other high frequency circuit elements serve to be able to arrange the input and output dielectric line 3 and the connection dielectric waveguide 4 without physical interference, are open interval L ₂ LS of through-hole 1a and input / output dielectric line 3 Since the standing wave electric field of the mode is either from displacement L ₁ is increased with a strong point P2 has an effect of reducing the relatively reflective, transmissive characteristics reflected high-frequency signal interfere with each other and other high frequency signals Has the effect of reducing adverse effects such as instability and increased frequency dependence of transmission characteristics, and can stably transmit high-frequency signals.

  Next, the non-radiative dielectric line H1 shown in FIG. 1 may be more specifically configured as follows.

  First, the shape of the through-hole 1a in plan view is usually a length (D) that is half or less of the in-tube wavelength of the non-radiative dielectric line H1 and the same width as the dielectric line 3 of the non-radiative dielectric line H1 ( W) may be a rectangular shape as shown in FIG. 1, but may be a circular shape or a long hole shape.

  The through hole 1a preferably has different opening sizes on the front and back of the flat conductor 1. An open terminal, which is an input / output unit at one end of the waveguide G, is connected to the through-hole 1a, and an antenna or the like is connected to the other end of the waveguide G. The size of the confined electromagnetic field region (the size of the inside in the cross section perpendicular to the transmission direction of the waveguide G) is larger than the size of the opening of the through hole 1a on the back side of the flat conductor 1 (dielectric line 3 side). When increasing, the size of the opening of the through hole 1a on the front side (waveguide G side) of the flat conductor 1 is made larger than the size of the opening of the through hole 1a on the back side of the flat conductor 1 (dielectric line 3 side). That's fine. In addition, an open terminal as an input / output unit at one end of the waveguide G is connected to the through hole 1a, and a voltage controlled oscillator (VCO) or the like is connected to the other end of the waveguide G, for example. In addition, the size of the electromagnetic field region confined in the waveguide G (corresponding to the inner size in the cross section perpendicular to the transmission direction of the waveguide G) is the back side of the flat conductor 1 (dielectric line 3 side). Is smaller than the size of the opening of the through hole 1a in the plate conductor 1 on the front side (waveguide G side) of the flat conductor 1 than the size of the opening of the through hole 1a on the back side of the flat conductor 1 (dielectric line 3 side). What is necessary is just to make small the magnitude | size of the opening of the through-hole 1a.

  If the size of the opening of the through hole 1a on the front and back of the flat conductor 1 is set in this way, the size of the electromagnetic field region of a high frequency signal such as a millimeter wave signal in which the through hole 1a is confined in the through hole 1a. Since the thickness of the flat conductor 1 is gradually changed from the back side to the front side or from the front side to the back side, the electromagnetic field of the high-frequency signal is smoothly changed between the front and back sides of the through hole 1a, and the generation of an unnecessary electromagnetic field mode is suppressed. Therefore, as described above, the transmission loss of the high-frequency signal transmitted through the through-hole 1a is also reduced with respect to the size of the electromagnetic field region of the high-frequency signal at the open end of the waveguide G having various opening shapes and sizes. The connection can be made smaller.

  Further, in the non-radiative dielectric line H1, the vertical cross-sectional shape of the through hole 1a (the cross-sectional shape in the direction perpendicular to the front and back surfaces of the flat conductor 1) is preferably the front side opening, the back side opening of the flat plate conductor 1 and those It is good to use the trapezoid shape which has two hypotenuses connected to. Here, the trapezoidal shape is that the trapezoid and the two hypotenuses in the trapezoid are not straight but curved, and the slope of each hypotenuse is either monotonically increasing or monotonically decreasing. Note that the slope of the hypotenuse is, for example, an angle shown by θ in this figure if the longitudinal cross-sectional shape is as shown in FIG. 1B, and the tangent line between the center line of the through hole 1 and the hypotenuse. Is the angle between If the vertical cross-sectional shape of the through-hole 1a is made in this way, when the flat conductor 1 provided with the through-hole 1a is manufactured using a mold, it becomes easy to remove the manufacturing mold from the through-hole 1a. The flat conductor 1 provided with the through hole 1a can be easily molded using a mold. Moreover, since it can be stably manufactured using a mold in this way, the vertical cross-sectional shape of the through hole 1a becomes uniform together with the cross-sectional shape, which is suitable for mass production.

  When the size of the opening on the back side of the flat conductor 1 of the through hole 1a is the same as the size of the inside of the cross section perpendicular to the transmission direction of the waveguide G, the vertical cross sectional shape of the through hole 1a is It is preferable that the trapezoidal shape has a trapezoidal shape in which the slopes of the two hypotenuses of the trapezoidal shape are not less than 0.5 ° and not more than 2 °. If the slope of the hypotenuse is not at least 0.5 °, the metal mold tends not to easily come out of the through hole 1. Therefore, a flat plate conductor provided with a through hole 1 a having a trapezoidal cross section using a mold. There is a tendency that molding 1 cannot be performed stably. If the slope of the hypotenuse exceeds 2 °, the characteristic impedance becomes difficult to match between the opening on the front side and the opening on the back side of the through-hole 1a. Tend to deteriorate the transmission characteristics of high-frequency signals that pass through. Therefore, the slope of the trapezoidal hypotenuse is preferably set within a range of 0.5 ° or more and 2 ° or less, and more preferably, the slope should be as small as possible within a range where the mold can be satisfactorily removed. Is most preferable.

  Next, a non-radiative dielectric line H2 which is another example of the embodiment of the non-radiative dielectric line of the present invention shown in FIG. 2 is a flat conductor 1 with respect to the non-radiative dielectric line H1 shown in FIG. , 2 (in this example, the flat conductor 2), a through hole 2a provided in the vicinity of a portion where the electric field of the standing wave of the LSM mode on one end side of the other input / output dielectric line 5 is strong and the LSM mode One end of another input / output dielectric line 6 is connected to the other end of the other input / output dielectric line 5 with one end connected to the other end of the other input / output dielectric line 5 with a gap from a place where the electric field of the standing wave is strong. It is smaller than the interval. With such a configuration, a waveguide having a different size from the waveguide connected to the through hole 1a of one flat conductor 1 can be connected to the through hole 2a of the other flat conductor 2, and the through hole 1a. In addition, the transmission loss of the high-frequency signal transmitted through each of the through holes 2a can be reduced.

  Next, the non-radiative dielectric line H1 which is an example of the embodiment of the non-radiative dielectric line of the present invention is provided on one flat conductor 1 in the non-radiative dielectric line H1 with the waveguide G. It is connected through the through hole 1a. As a method for this connection, for example, as shown in FIG. 3, the open terminal portion 7 of the waveguide G and the through hole 1a may be connected. In this configuration, the waveguide G may be a metal waveguide or a dielectric waveguide. By connecting in this way, a high-frequency signal is stably transmitted between the non-radiative dielectric line H1 and the waveguide G through the through hole 1a.

  Similarly, the connection between the non-radiative dielectric line H2 and the waveguide, which is another example of the embodiment of the non-radiative dielectric line of the present invention, is connected to each of the through hole 1a and the through hole 2a. Corresponding waveguides may be connected.

  Next, more specifically, the non-radiative dielectric line of the present invention may be configured as follows.

  In the non-radiative dielectric line of the present invention, a plurality of through holes 1a provided in one flat conductor 1 and a plurality of through holes 2a provided in the other flat conductor 2 may be provided. In this case, the conditions for the opening of the plurality of through holes 1a, 2a (the shape and the size of the openings on the front and back surfaces of the flat conductors 1, 2) may be set individually, whereby the respective through holes 1a. , 2a, the transmission loss of the high-frequency signal can be reduced.

The materials of the input / output dielectric line 3, the connection dielectric line 4, the other input / output dielectric lines 5 and the other connection dielectric lines 6 include resins such as tetrafluoroethylene and polystyrene, Or ceramics such as cordierite (2MgO · 2Al ₂ O ₃ · 5SiO ₂ ) ceramics, alumina (Al ₂ O ₃ ) ceramics, and glass ceramics having a low relative dielectric constant are preferable, and these are low loss in high-frequency signals in the millimeter wave band. It is.

  The cross-sectional shapes of the input / output dielectric line 3, the connection dielectric line 4, the other input / output dielectric lines 5 and the other connection dielectric lines 6 are basically rectangular. The corners may be rounded, and various cross-sectional shapes used for high-frequency signal transmission can be used.

  The flat conductors 1 and 2 are made of Cu, Al, Fe, Ag, Au, Pt, SUS (stainless steel), brass (Cu-Zn alloy) in terms of high electrical conductivity and good workability. A conductive plate such as) is suitable. Or what formed these conductor layers on the surface of the insulating board which consists of ceramics, resin, etc. may be used.

  Next, an example of an embodiment of the first high-frequency transmitter / receiver of the present invention includes a high-frequency oscillator 11 that generates a high-frequency signal and a high-frequency oscillator 11 connected to the high-frequency oscillator 11, as shown in a block circuit diagram of FIG. A branching device 12 for branching a high-frequency signal and outputting it to one output end 12b and the other output end 12c, and a high-frequency signal branched to this one output end 12b connected to one output end 12b are modulated. And a modulator 13 for outputting a high-frequency signal for transmission, and a first terminal 14a, a second terminal 14b, and a third terminal 14c around the magnetic body, and the high-frequency signals input from one terminal in this order. A circulator 14 that outputs a signal from the next adjacent terminal, the output of the modulator 13 being input to the first terminal 14a, a transmission / reception antenna 15 connected to the second terminal 14b of the circulator 14, and a branching device The other output terminal 12c of 12 and the circulator 14 Two input terminals 16a and 16b are connected to the third terminal 14c, respectively, and a high frequency signal branched to the other output terminal 12c is mixed with a high frequency signal received by the transmission / reception antenna 15 to obtain an intermediate frequency. The high-frequency oscillator 11 and the branching device 12 or the circulator 14 and the transmission / reception antenna 15 are provided with any of the nonradiative dielectric lines according to the present invention having the above-described configurations (in this example, FIG. It is the structure connected by the nonradiative dielectric track | line H2) shown.

  Further, the first high-frequency transmitter / receiver of the present invention shown in FIG. 4 can be used as a high-frequency transmission line for connecting components other than the components connected by the nonradiative dielectric lines having the above-described configurations. A non-radiative dielectric line is used. This nonradiative dielectric line may not be the nonradiative dielectric line of the present invention.

  That is, the first high-frequency transmitter / receiver of the present invention shown in FIG. 4 is specifically arranged in parallel at intervals of 1/2 or less of the wavelength of the high-frequency signal, as shown in a plan view in FIG. Other than the waveguide whose one end is connected to the through hole 21a provided in the flat conductor 21 on one end side of the first dielectric line 22 between the flat conductors 21 (the other flat conductor is not shown). A high-frequency oscillator 11 that is connected to the end and modulates the frequency of the high-frequency signal output from the high-frequency diode and propagates the first dielectric line 22 as a high-frequency signal and outputs the high-frequency signal, and the other end of the first dielectric line 22 And a second modulator having one end connected to the output end 13b of the modulator 13 and a modulator 13 for reflecting the high-frequency signal to the input end 13a side or transmitting to the output end 13b side according to the pulse signal. Dielectric line 23 and ferrite plate 24 arranged in parallel with the flat conductor 21 The peripheral portion has a first terminal 24a, a second terminal 24b, and a third terminal 24c, which are input / output terminals for high-frequency signals, respectively, and the high-frequency signals input from one terminal are adjacent to each other in this order. The first terminal 24a, which is output from the next terminal, is arranged radially on the peripheral portion of the ferrite plate 24 of the circulator 14 connected to the other end of the second dielectric line 23, and the second terminal 24a. A third dielectric line 25 and a fourth dielectric line 26 having one ends connected to the terminal 24b and the third terminal 24c, and a flat-plate conductor on the other end side of the third dielectric line 25 (not shown) A transmission / reception antenna (not shown) connected to the other end of the waveguide having one end connected to a through-hole 21a provided at the upper flat conductor (not shown), and a first dielectric on the way A first dielectric wire that is close to or joined to the middle of the body line 22 A fifth dielectric line 27 for branching and propagating a part of the high-frequency signal propagating through 22, a non-reflection terminator 28 connected to one end of the fifth dielectric line 27 on the high-frequency oscillator 11 side, The circulator receives the high frequency signal input from the fifth dielectric line 27 connected between the other end of the fourth dielectric line 26 and the other end of the fifth dielectric line 27 and the transmitting / receiving antenna 15. And a mixer 16 that mixes the high-frequency signal input from 14 and outputs an intermediate frequency signal. The through-hole 21a has a constant LSM mode on one end side of the first dielectric line 22 and on the other end side of the third dielectric line 25 in the flat conductor 21 and the upper flat conductor not shown. It is provided in a place where the standing wave has a strong electric field.

  Note that the first dielectric line 22 and the fifth dielectric line 27 constitute the branching device 12 in their proximity or junction.

  In FIG. 5, the first terminal 24a, the second terminal 24b, and the third terminal 24c correspond to the first terminal 14a, the second terminal 14b, and the third terminal 14c in FIG. 4, respectively. Yes.

  In this configuration, the modulator 13 is connected to a connection terminal 42 formed at a discontinuous portion of the choke-type bias supply line 41 formed on the surface of the substrate 40 as shown in a perspective view of FIG. A high-frequency modulation unit connected with a diode 43 as a high-frequency modulation element is connected between the first dielectric line 22 and the second dielectric line 23 and a high-frequency signal output from the first dielectric line 22 It is inserted so as to enter the diode 43. In this configuration, a PIN diode may be used as the diode 43 as the high frequency modulation element. Further, instead of the diode 43, a transistor or a microwave monolithic integrated circuit (MMIC) may be used.

  Such a transmission type modulator is suitable for the modulator 13 in the high-frequency transceiver of the present invention. Instead of the transmissive modulator, a switch such as a semiconductor switch or a MEMS (Micro Electro Mechanical System) switch that can transmit or reflect a high-frequency signal may be used.

  Further, as shown in a perspective view of FIG. 6B, the mixer 16 is used for high-frequency detection at a connection terminal 42 formed at an interrupted portion of the choke-type bias supply line 41 formed on the surface of the substrate 44. A high-frequency detector connected to a diode 45 as an element is connected to the other end of the fourth dielectric line 26 and the other end of the fifth dielectric line 27, respectively. A high-frequency signal output from each of the body lines 27 is arranged to enter the diode 45. In this configuration, a Schottky barrier diode may be used as the diode 45 as the high frequency detection element.

  The first high-frequency transmitter / receiver of the present invention shown in FIGS. 4 and 5 configured as described above operates in the same manner as a conventional high-frequency transmitter / receiver. However, at that time, the non-radiative dielectric line H2 has a high frequency through the through holes 1a and 2a provided in the flat conductors 1 and 2 of the non-radiative dielectric line H2 and the waveguide connected to the through holes 1a and 2a. Transmits the high-frequency signal generated by the oscillator 11 with a stable frequency and intensity, and transmits the high-frequency signal transmitted and received by the transmission / reception antenna 15 with a stable frequency and intensity. A high-performance high-frequency transmitter / receiver with good transmission / reception performance because it can stabilize the frequency and strength of high-frequency signals and stabilize the frequency and strength of high-frequency signals received by the transmission / reception antenna 15 and input to the mixer 16 It becomes. Further, since the high-frequency oscillator 11 and the transmission / reception antenna 15 can be provided on the flat conductors 1 and 2 (21) of the non-radiating dielectric line H2 (the surface on the side where the input / output dielectric line 3 etc. are not provided) It becomes a high-frequency transmitter / receiver that is advantageous in realizing downsizing and improvement in mountability.

  Next, an example of an embodiment of the second high-frequency transceiver according to the present invention includes a high-frequency oscillator 11 that generates a high-frequency signal and a high-frequency oscillator 11 connected to the high-frequency oscillator 11 as shown in a block circuit diagram of FIG. A branching device 12 for branching a high-frequency signal and outputting it to one output end 12b and the other output end 12c, and a high-frequency signal branched to this one output end 12b connected to one output end 12b are modulated. A modulator 13 for outputting a transmission high-frequency signal, and an isolator 18 having one end 18a connected to the output end 13b of the modulator 13 and transmitting the transmission high-frequency signal from the one end 18a side to the other end 18b side; Between the transmitting antenna 19 connected to the isolator 18, the receiving antenna 20 connected to the other output terminal 12c side of the branching device 12, and between the other output terminal 12c of the branching device 12 and the receiving antenna 20, two Each of input terminals 16a and 16b connected, etc. And a mixer 16 for mixing the high-frequency signal branched to the output terminal 12c and the high-frequency signal received by the receiving antenna 20 and outputting an intermediate-frequency signal. The high-frequency oscillator 11, the branching device 12, the isolator 18, and the transmission The antenna 19 or the mixer 16 and the receiving antenna 20 are connected by any of the non-radiative dielectric lines of the present invention having the above-described configurations (in this example, the non-radiative dielectric line H2 shown in FIG. 2).

  Further, the second high-frequency transmitter / receiver of the present invention shown in FIG. 7 can be used as a high-frequency transmission line for connecting components other than the components connected by the nonradiative dielectric lines having the above-described configurations. A non-radiative dielectric line is used. This non-radiative dielectric line may not be the non-radiative dielectric line of the present invention.

  That is, the second high-frequency transmitter / receiver of the present invention shown in FIG. 7 is specifically arranged in parallel at intervals of 1/2 or less of the wavelength of the high-frequency signal, as shown in a plan view in FIG. Other than the waveguide whose one end is connected to the through hole 31a provided in the flat conductor 31 on one end side of the first dielectric line 32 between the flat conductors 31 (the other flat conductor is not shown). A high frequency oscillator 11 that is connected to the end and modulates the frequency of the high frequency signal output from the high frequency diode and propagates through the first dielectric line 32 and is output, and is connected to the other end of the first dielectric line 32. Further, a modulator 13 that reflects the high-frequency signal to the input end 13a side or transmits the high-frequency signal to the output end 13b side, and a second dielectric having one end connected to the output end 13b of the modulator 13 At the peripheral edge of the ferrite plate 34 arranged in parallel to the line 33 and the flat conductor 31, The first terminal 34a, the second terminal 34b, and the third terminal 34c are input / output terminals for the high-frequency signal. In this order, the high-frequency signal input from one terminal is received from the adjacent next terminal. The first terminal 34a that outputs the circulator 14 connected to the other end of the second dielectric line 33, and is arranged radially on the periphery of the ferrite plate 34 of the circulator 14, and the second terminal 34b and the second terminal 34b A third dielectric line 35 and a fourth dielectric line 36, each having one end connected to each of the three terminals 34c, and a flat conductor (not shown) on the other end side of the third dielectric line 35 A transmission antenna 19 connected to the other end of the waveguide having one end connected to a through-hole 31a provided at a broken line of the flat conductor), and the middle is close to the middle of the first dielectric line 32 or Part of the high-frequency signal that propagates through the first dielectric line 32 that has been joined. A fifth dielectric line 37 that is branched and propagated, a non-reflection terminator 38a connected to the other end of the fourth dielectric line 36, and one end of the fifth dielectric line 37 on the high-frequency oscillator 11 side. A connected non-reflective terminator 38b, a sixth dielectric line 39 disposed at one end of a flat conductor (a position indicated by a broken line of an upper flat conductor not shown), Receiving antenna 20 connected to the other end of the waveguide having one end connected to the through hole on the dielectric line 39 side, the other end of the fifth dielectric line 37 and the other of the sixth dielectric line 39 The high frequency signal input from the fifth dielectric line 37 connected between the two ends and the high frequency signal received by the receiving antenna 20 and input from the sixth dielectric line 39 are mixed to obtain an intermediate frequency. This is a configuration including the mixer 16 of any of the embodiments of the present invention having the above-described configurations for outputting signals. Note that the first dielectric line 32 and the fifth dielectric line 37 constitute the branching device 12 in the proximity portion or the junction portion thereof. The through hole 31a is provided at a location where the electric field of the LSM mode standing wave on one end of the first dielectric line 32 of the flat conductor 31 is strong, and the upper flat conductor not shown in FIG. The other end of the third dielectric line 35 and the one end of the sixth dielectric line 39 are provided at locations where the electric field of the standing wave in the LSM mode is strong.

  The second high frequency transmitter / receiver of the present invention configured as described above operates in the same manner as a conventional high frequency transmitter / receiver. However, at that time, the non-radiative dielectric line H2 has a high frequency through the through holes 1a and 2a provided in the flat conductors 1 and 2 of the non-radiative dielectric line H2 and the waveguide connected to the through holes 1a and 2a. The high-frequency signal generated by the oscillator 11 is transmitted with a stable frequency and intensity, and the high-frequency signal transmitted and received by the transmitting antenna 19 and the receiving antenna 20 is transmitted with a stable frequency and intensity. High frequency signal and transmission strength can be stabilized, and the frequency and strength of the high frequency signal received by the receiving antenna 20 and input to the mixer 16 can be stabilized. It becomes a high frequency transceiver. Further, the high frequency oscillator 11, the transmitting antenna 19 and the receiving antenna 20 are provided on the flat conductors 1 and 2 (31) of the non-radiative dielectric line H2 (surface on the side where the input / output dielectric line 3 etc. are not provided). Therefore, it becomes a high-frequency transmitter / receiver that is advantageous in realizing downsizing and improvement in mountability.

In the high frequency transceiver of the present invention, the material of the first to sixth dielectric lines 22, 23, 25 to 27, 32, 33, 35 to 37, 39 is a resin such as ethylene tetrafluoride or polystyrene, or Low dielectric constant cordierite (2MgO · 2Al ₂ O ₃ · 5SiO ₂ ) ceramics such as alumina (Al ₂ O ₃ ) ceramics and glass ceramics are preferred, and these are low loss in high frequency signals in the millimeter wave band. is there.

  The first to sixth dielectric lines 22, 23, 25 to 27, 32, 33, 35 to 37, 39 are basically rectangular in shape, but rounded at the corners of the rectangle. It is possible to use various cross-sectional shapes used for transmitting high-frequency signals.

The ferrite plates 24 and 34 are preferably made of zinc, nickel, and iron oxide (Zn _a Ni _b Fe _c O _x ), for example, for high frequency signals among ferrites.

  In addition, the shape of the ferrite plates 24 and 34 is usually a disc shape, but the planar shape may be a regular polygonal shape. In that case, when the number of dielectric lines to be connected is n (n is an integer of 3 or more), the planar shape is preferably a regular m-square (m is an integer greater than n of 3 or more).

  Further, the materials of the flat conductors 21, 31 and the other flat conductor not shown are Cu, Al, Fe, Ag, Au, Pt, SUS (stainless steel) in terms of high electrical conductivity and good workability. A conductive plate such as steel or brass (Cu-Zn alloy) is suitable. Or what formed these conductor layers on the surface of the insulating board which consists of ceramics, resin, etc. may be used.

  The non-reflective terminators 28, 38a, 38b are end portions of the fifth dielectric line 27, the fourth and fifth dielectric lines 36, 37 to which the non-reflective terminators 28, 38a, 38b are connected. On the other hand, a film-like resistor or wave absorber is attached to the upper and lower ends of the side surfaces (the surfaces not facing the inner surfaces of the flat conductors 21, 31 and the other flat conductor not shown). That's fine. At that time, the material of the resistor is preferably a nickel chromium alloy or carbon. In addition, as the material of the radio wave absorber, permalloy or sendust is suitable. If these materials are used, the millimeter wave signal can be attenuated efficiently. Further, materials other than these that can attenuate the millimeter wave signal may be used.

  The substrates 40 and 44 are made of aluminum (Al) on one main surface of a plate-like substrate made of thermoplastic resin such as tetrafluoroethylene, polystyrene, glass ceramics, glass epoxy resin, epoxy resin, so-called liquid crystal polymer. , A choke-type bias supply line 41, 46 formed of a strip conductor made of gold (Au), copper (Cu), or the like is used.

  The frequency band used as the high frequency signal is effective not only for the millimeter wave band but also for the microwave band or lower frequency band.

  Further, instead of the circulator 14, a duplexer, a switch, a hybrid circuit, or the like may be used. Further, for the high-frequency oscillator, the modulator, and the mixer, a bipolar transistor, a field effect transistor (FET), or an integrated circuit (CMOS, MMIC, etc.) in which these are integrated may be used instead of the diode.

  Next, a radar apparatus according to the present invention, a vehicle equipped with the radar apparatus and a small ship equipped with the radar apparatus will be described.

  An example of an embodiment of a radar apparatus according to the present invention is to detect by processing either the first or second high-frequency transmitter / receiver of the present invention having the above-described configuration and an intermediate frequency signal output from the high-frequency transmitter / receiver. A distance information detector for detecting distance information to the object.

  According to the radar apparatus of the present invention, because of the above configuration, the high-frequency transmitter / receiver of the present invention is a high-performance one that can stably obtain good transmission / reception performance, and the transmission output and transmission frequency are stable. Since a good high-frequency signal for transmission is transmitted, it is possible to provide a radar apparatus that can detect a detection object quickly and reliably and can also detect a detection object at a short distance or a distant place.

  The radar device-equipped vehicle of the present invention includes the above-described radar device of the present invention and is configured to use this radar device for detection of a detection target.

  According to the radar device-equipped vehicle of the present invention, since it has such a configuration, the behavior of the vehicle is controlled based on the distance information detected by the radar device, and the vehicle is operated as in the conventional radar device-equipped vehicle. For example, it is possible to warn the person who has detected an obstacle or other vehicle on the road by sound, light, or vibration. However, in the vehicle equipped with the radar device of the present invention, the obstacle on the road that is the detection target object. Since the radar device quickly and reliably detects objects and other vehicles, it is possible to perform appropriate control of the vehicle and appropriate warning to the driver without causing the vehicle to take a sudden action.

  The radar device-equipped vehicle of the present invention is not limited to a vehicle for transporting passengers and cargo such as trains, trains, and automobiles, but also bicycles, motorbikes, amusement park vehicles, golf courses, etc. It can also be used for carts and the like.

  A small ship equipped with a radar apparatus according to the present invention includes the radar apparatus according to the present invention, and the radar apparatus is used to detect a detection target.

  According to the radar device-equipped small ship of the present invention, the behavior of the small ship is based on the distance information detected by the radar device in the small ship, similarly to the conventional radar device-equipped vehicle. The radar apparatus according to the present invention operates to control the vehicle, and warn the operator of sound, light, or vibration that an obstacle such as a reef, another ship or other small ship has been detected. In the onboard small vessel, the radar device detects obstacles such as reefs, other vessels or other small vessels, which are detection objects, quickly and reliably, so that the small vessel does not cause a sudden behavior and is small. Appropriate control of the ship and appropriate warning to the operator can be provided.

  The small-sized ship equipped with the radar device of the present invention is specifically a ship that can be operated without a license for a small ship or a license, and is a boat with a total tonnage of less than 20 tons. Motorcycles, small bass boats with outboard motors, inflatable boats with inboard motors (rubber boats), fishing boats, recreational fishing boats, work boats, houseboats, towing boats, sports boats, fishing boats, yachts, open-sea yachts, cruisers or gross tonnage 20 It can be used for pleasure boats of tons or more.

  Thus, according to the present invention, a nonradiative dielectric line capable of stabilizing transmission characteristics in a nonradiative dielectric line used in a structure for connecting a nonradiative dielectric line and a high frequency transmission line, and the same It is possible to provide a high-performance high-frequency transceiver using the

  Further, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide a radar apparatus equipped with such a high-performance high-frequency transmitter / receiver, a radar apparatus-equipped vehicle equipped with the radar apparatus, and a radar apparatus-equipped small ship.

  A nonradiative dielectric line H1 shown in FIG. 1 was produced as follows. A flat conductor 1 and a flat conductor 2 made of aluminum (Al) having a thickness of 4 mm are arranged in parallel at an interval of 1.8 mm, and the cross-sectional shape is 0.8 mm in width and 1.8 mm in height between the flat conductor 1 and the flat conductor 2. Thus, the input / output dielectric line 3 having a relative dielectric constant of 4.8 and the connecting dielectric line 4 are interposed. The through-hole 1a has a rectangular shape with a width W of 1.5 mm and a length D of 3.0 mm, and is provided in the flat conductor 1 in a trapezoidal shape with a slope θ of 1 ° in the longitudinal section. In addition, the 1st flat conductor 1 was shape | molded and produced in the state which provided the through-hole 1a with the die-casting method using the metal mold | die. At this time, when the slope of the hypotenuse of the longitudinal section of the through hole 1a was set in accordance with 1 °, which is a preferable condition for the draft of the mold, it was confirmed that the mold could be satisfactorily manufactured under this condition.

The through hole 1a is located at a distance of 4 mm from the end 3a of the input / output dielectric line 3 which is the portion P2 where the electric field of the standing wave in the LSM mode is strong on the one end 3a side of the input / output dielectric line 3. When the center portion of the input / output dielectric line 3 is located, a shift L ₁ (unit: shift amount between the portion P2 where the electric field of the standing wave in the LSM mode on the one end 3a side of the input / output dielectric line 3 is strong and the through hole 1a is : Mm) is 0, and when the connecting dielectric line 4 is connected to the connecting end 3b which is the other end of the input / output dielectric line 3 without a gap, the input / output dielectric line 3 and the connecting end Assuming that the distance L ₂ (unit: mm) from the dielectric line 4 is 0, the reflection characteristic S ₁₁ of the non-radiative dielectric line H 1 when the deviation L ₁ and the distance L ₂ are changed was measured. Further, also in the direction perpendicular to the transmission direction of the high-frequency signal transmitted to the input / output dielectric line 3, when the central portion of the through hole 1a and the central portion of the input / output dielectric line 3 are aligned, The deviation L ₃ (unit: mm), which is the deviation between these central portions, is 0, and is connected to the central portion of the input / output dielectric line 3 at the connection portion of the input / output dielectric line 3 and the connecting dielectric line 4. When the deviation L ₄ (unit: mm), which is the deviation of the central portion, is zero when the central portion of the dielectric line 4 is aligned, the deviations L ₃ and L ₄ are respectively changed. was also measured reflection characteristic S ₁₁ of nonradiative dielectric waveguide H1 of.

At that time, when one of the deviation L ₁ and the interval L ₂ is changed, the other is set to 0. Similarly, when one of the deviation L ₃ and the deviation L ₄ is changed, the other is set to 0.

As the measuring method of the reflection characteristic S _11, in particular were as follows. As shown in FIG. 3, a metal waveguide G having the same cross-sectional shape as the through-hole 1a is connected to the through-hole 1a of the nonradiative dielectric line H1, and the connection groove structure by this configuration is as follows. The reflection characteristic (S ₁₁ ) between the non-radiative dielectric line H1 and the waveguide G by a network analyzer is set to port 1 on the end side of the non-radiative dielectric line H1 for a high-frequency signal having a frequency of 76 to 77 GHz. Measurement was performed with the end side of the waveguide G as the port 2. Examples of the measurement results are shown in FIGS.

In the reflection characteristics (S ₁₁ ) of the connection structure between the non-radiative dielectric line H1 and the waveguide G shown by the diagrams in FIGS. 9 and 10, the horizontal axis is shifted or spaced (unit: mm), and the vertical axis is The reflection coefficient S ₁₁ (unit: dB) is shown, and black dots in FIG. 9 indicate non-positions relative to the displacement L _{1 with} respect to the through hole 1 a of the input / output dielectric line 3 in the direction along the input / output dielectric line 3. reflection of the nonradiative dielectric waveguide H1 is a change in the reflection coefficient S _11, the point of black squares in the figure for the distance L ₂ between the connection dielectric waveguide 4 and the input-output dielectric waveguide 2 radioactive dielectric line H1 which shows the change in the coefficient _{S 11,} respectively. Also, the black dots in FIG. 10 are non-radiative dielectrics for the positional deviation L _{3 with} respect to the through hole 1 a of the input / output dielectric line 3 in the direction perpendicular to the transmission direction of the high-frequency signal transmitted to the input / output dielectric line 3. reflection coefficient S ₁₁ of the nonradiative dielectric waveguide H1 changes in the reflection coefficient S _11, with respect to the position deviation L ₄ of the input and output dielectric line 3 points black squares in the figure with respect to the connecting dielectric waveguide body line H1 Each change is shown. Each measurement point of the reflection coefficient S ₁₁ represents a (worst value as a reflection coefficient) maximum measurement frequency in 76～77GHz.

9, when the deviation L ₁ and distance L ₂ are compared when the same amount is always better when a deviation L ₁ has occurred can see that the reflection is large, the interval deviation L ₁ L ₂ It was confirmed that the reflection of the non-radiative dielectric line H1 can be made smaller and the reflection characteristics can be improved by making it smaller than that.

Further, from FIG. 10, when the L ₄ shift with shift L ₃ are compared when the same amount, who when always shifted L ₃ has occurred can see that the reflection is large, the deviation of the deviation L ₃ better to be smaller than L ₄ is a reflection of the nonradiative dielectric waveguide H1 can be made small, it was possible to confirm the fact that it is possible to improve the reflection characteristics.

  Next, 30 high-frequency transceivers shown in FIGS. 4 and 5 were made using the non-radiative dielectric line H2 in which the reflection was reduced in this way, and the other end side of the third dielectric line 25 was made. The transmitter / receiver antenna 15 connected to the other end of the waveguide connected to the open terminal 4 at one end is connected to the through hole 1a provided in the terminal, and the test terminal (test port) of the spectrum analyzer is connected to the other end. When all the 30 high frequency signals for transmission output from the connection portion were subjected to frequency modulation, the oscillation frequency (center frequency of frequency modulation) of the high frequency signals for transmission subjected to frequency modulation for all 30 units and It was confirmed that the output intensity was uniform and had good transmission characteristics. Further, when a transmission / reception test was performed with the transmission / reception antenna 15 connected to the other end of the waveguide G, it was confirmed that all of them had good transmission / reception characteristics.

  Thus, according to the present invention, in the non-radiative dielectric line used in the structure for connecting the non-radiative dielectric line and the high-frequency transmission line, the non-radiative dielectric line capable of stabilizing the transmission characteristics, became. Moreover, the high frequency transmitter / receiver using it became a high performance thing.

  Note that the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments and examples, and various modifications may be made without departing from the scope of the present invention. For example, the connecting dielectric line 4 may be made up of a plurality of small pieces, and the interval between the connecting dielectric lines 4 made up of the plurality of small pieces may be made as small as possible. In this case, even if there is a dimensional error of the high-frequency circuit element or an assembly error, the connecting portion of the connecting dielectric line 4 composed of a plurality of small pieces that are relatively insensitive to characteristic changes is made redundant. As a result, the high-frequency circuit can be easily assembled.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS It is a schematic diagram which shows the nonradiative dielectric track | line H1 which is an example of embodiment of the nonradiative dielectric track | line of this invention, (a) is a top view, (b) and (c) are each AA '. They are a line sectional view and a BB 'line sectional view. It is typical sectional drawing which shows the nonradiative dielectric track | line H2 which is another example of embodiment of the nonradiative dielectric track | line of this invention. It is typical sectional drawing which shows the example by which the waveguide G was connected to the nonradiative dielectric track | line H1 which is an example of embodiment of the nonradiative dielectric track | line of this invention. It is a typical block circuit diagram which shows an example of embodiment of the 1st high frequency transmitter-receiver of this invention. It is a typical top view of the high frequency transmitter-receiver shown in FIG. (A) And (b) is a perspective view which shows typically an example of the board | substrate with which the diode used for a nonradiative dielectric-line type | mold modulator and a mixer, respectively was mounted. It is a typical block circuit diagram which shows an example of embodiment of the 2nd high frequency transmitter-receiver of this invention. It is a typical top view of the high frequency transmitter-receiver shown in FIG. Is a diagram showing the reflection coefficient S ₁₁ of the embodiment of nonradiative dielectric waveguide of the present invention. Is a diagram showing the reflection coefficient S ₁₁ of the embodiment of nonradiative dielectric waveguide of the present invention. (A), (b) and (c) are the perspective view, the top view, and sectional drawing which show typically the example of the conventional nonradiative dielectric track | line, respectively.

Explanation of symbols

1: One flat conductor 1a: Through hole provided in one flat conductor 1 2: The other flat conductor 2a: Through hole provided in the other flat conductor 2 3: Input / output dielectric line 3a: Input / output Open end 3b which is one end of through-hole 1a side of dielectric line 3 for connection 3b: Connection end which is the other end of dielectric line for input / output 4: Dielectric line for connection 5: Dielectric line for other input / output 6: Other connecting dielectric lines 7: Open end of waveguide G
11: High frequency oscillator
12: Turnout
12a: Input terminal
12b: One output terminal
12c: The other output terminal
13: Modulator
13a: Input terminal
13b: Output terminal
14: Circulator
14a: First terminal
14b: Second terminal
14c: Third terminal
15: Transmit / receive antenna
16: Mixer
17: Switch
18: Isolator
18a: Input terminal
18b: Output terminal
19: Transmitting antenna
20: Receive antenna
21, 31: Flat conductor
22, 32: First dielectric line
23, 33: Second dielectric line
24, 34: Ferrite plate
24a, 34a: first terminal
24b, 34b: second terminal
24c, 34c: Third terminal
25, 35: Third dielectric line
26, 36: Fourth dielectric line
27, 37: Fifth dielectric line
28, 38a, 38b: Non-reflective terminator
39: Sixth dielectric line
40, 44: Board
41: Choke-type bias supply line
42: Terminal
43: High-frequency modulation element
45: High-frequency detection element H, H1, H2: Non-radiative dielectric line G: Waveguide

Claims (8)

An input / output dielectric line and a connecting dielectric line are arranged between flat conductors arranged in parallel at intervals of half or less of the wavelength of the high-frequency signal, and the input / output is connected to one of the flat conductors. Displacement between a through hole provided in the vicinity of a portion where the electric field of the standing wave of the LSM mode is strong on one end side of the dielectric line for use and a portion where the electric field of the standing wave of the LSM mode is strong is A non-radiative dielectric line characterized in that it is smaller than the distance between the other end of the connecting line and the one end of the connecting dielectric line with one end connected to the other end. A through-hole provided in the vicinity of a portion where the electric field of the LSM mode standing wave is strong on the one end side of the input / output dielectric line with respect to the other of the flat plate conductor, and a portion where the electric field of the standing wave of the LSM mode is strong The shift is made smaller than the distance between the other end of the input / output dielectric line and the one end of the connecting dielectric line with one end connected to the other end. The non-radiative dielectric line according to claim 1. The non-radiative dielectric line according to claim 1, wherein the through hole is connected to an open end portion of a waveguide. A high-frequency oscillator for generating a high-frequency signal; a branching device connected to an output end of the high-frequency oscillator; for branching the high-frequency signal and outputting it to one output end and the other output end; and the one output end A modulator that modulates a high-frequency signal branched to one of the output ends and outputs a high-frequency signal for transmission, and a first terminal, a second terminal, and a third terminal around the magnetic body A circulator in which a high-frequency signal input from one terminal in this order is output from an adjacent next terminal, and an output of the modulator is input to the first terminal, and the second of the circulator A transmission / reception antenna connected to a terminal; a high-frequency signal branched to the other output end; and the transmission / reception antenna connected between the other output end of the branching device and the third terminal of the circulator so A mixer that mixes the received high-frequency signal and outputs an intermediate-frequency signal, and the high-frequency oscillator and the branching device or the circulator and the transmitting and receiving antenna are in any one of claims 1 to 3. A high-frequency transmitter / receiver characterized by being connected by the nonradiative dielectric lines described. A high-frequency oscillator for generating a high-frequency signal; a branching device connected to an output end of the high-frequency oscillator; for branching the high-frequency signal and outputting it to one output end and the other output end; and the one output end A modulator that modulates the high-frequency signal branched to one of the output ends and outputs a high-frequency signal for transmission, and one end connected to the output end of the modulator, the other end from the one end side An isolator that transmits the high-frequency signal for transmission to the side, a transmission antenna connected to the isolator, a reception antenna connected to the other output end side of the branching device, and the other output end of the branching device And a mixer for mixing the high-frequency signal branched to the other output end and the high-frequency signal received by the receiving antenna and outputting an intermediate-frequency signal connected between the receiving antenna and the receiving antenna. The high-frequency oscillator and the branching unit, the isolator and the transmitting antenna or the mixer and the receiving antenna are connected by a nonradiative dielectric line according to any one of claims 1 to 3. A high-frequency transceiver characterized. A high-frequency transmitter / receiver according to claim 4 or 5, and a distance information detector for processing the intermediate frequency signal output from the high-frequency transmitter / receiver to detect distance information to a detection target. A characteristic radar device. A radar device-equipped vehicle comprising the radar device according to claim 6, wherein the radar device is used for detection of an object to be detected. 7. A small ship equipped with a radar device, comprising the radar device according to claim 6, wherein the radar device is used for detection of a detection object.

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