JP2006040606A - Changeover switch - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a changeover switch having a reliable operation by executing an on-operation with a plurality of operations, by simplifying the on-operation, and by simplifying its structure. <P>SOLUTION: This changeover switch is provided with: a rotor 19 connected to a shaft 18 connected integrally with an operation knob 11, and interlocking with the rotation of the shaft 18 without interlocking with its axial movement; a torsional coil spring 22 mounted on the rotor 19 for providing return torque to the operation knob 11; a slide block 20 as a switch part made not to interlock with the rotation of the shaft 18 and to interlock with its axial movement; an operation restriction part formed with restriction projections 18d and 18e of the shaft 18 and slit parts 27 and 28 of a case 14 and allowing rotation at a pressed-in position and extraction at the rotation position of the operation knob 11. The changeover switch is so structured as to be turned on by movement of the slide block 20 by extraction after the rotation of the operation knob 11 and to be turned off by movement of the slide block 20 by return movement by pressing of the operation knob 11. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a changeover switch that switches a switch by a front-back operation and a rotation operation of an operation knob.

  The engine start switch of the agricultural machine can be switched instantaneously from on to off by hitting an operation knob so that the engine can be stopped immediately in an emergency.

  In order to prevent the engine from starting due to accidental operation of the operation knob, clothes being caught, or operation by a child's mischief, the operation knob at the initial position (off position) must be If the engine is operated once, the engine is not switched on, but is switched on by two or more operations, and the engine is started.

Various types of engine start switches, that is, changeover switches have been proposed.
For example, an engine start switch for a working machine disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 11-22612 pushes the operation knob and rotates the operation knob in this pushed state, so that the switch is operated to start the engine. When the pushing operation of the operating knob is released, the operating knob is pulled up by the compression spring and locked in the engine starting state.

  Further, when the operation knob is pushed in and operated with the engine started, the operation knob returns and rotates by the torsion spring and the switch returns, and then the operation knob is pulled up by the compression spring and locked when the engine is stopped.

  This engine start switch is twisted before the operation knob is pulled up by the compression spring and locked to release the operation knob when the switch is turned to the engine start position by rotating while pressing the operation knob. There is a problem in the reliability of the switch operation because it is rotated back by the spring and may return to the engine stop position.

  Further, in the pushbutton switch disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2003-178743, when the operation knob is pushed in, the switch is locked in the on state, and the operation knob is twisted and rotated back in the on state of the switch. Then, the lock is released and the switch is turned off.

  This pushbutton switch has the same rotation stop position of the operation knob even when the switch is switched from on to off, so it is difficult to check the operation state of the switch, and there is a lock mechanism that locks the operation knob to the off position. Due to the complexity, the number of parts is large and the production cost is high.

JP-A-11-22612 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2003-178743

  The present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems of the conventional changeover switch, and an object thereof is to propose a changeover switch having a reliable operation by simplifying the configuration by simplifying the off operation and making the off operation simple.

  In order to achieve the above object, in the present invention, as a first invention, in a changeover switch that switches between a front-rear direction operation and a rotation operation of the operation knob, a torsion spring that returns a rotation force to the operation knob, and an operation knob An operation restricting section that keeps the push-in position of the operation knob, allows the operation knob to rotate at the push-down position, allows the operation knob to be pulled out at the rotated operation position, and prevents return rotation by the torsion spring. The present invention proposes a change-over switch characterized by comprising a switch portion that performs a change-over operation in conjunction with the pulling out of a knob.

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a changeover switch that switches between a front-rear direction operation and a rotation operation of the operation knob, a shaft integrally connected to the operation knob, and a case in which the shaft is rotatably supported. A switch part that is switched to the on position by pulling it out in conjunction with the depression of the operation knob, and a torsion spring that gives the operating knob a rotational force, and a restricting projection provided on the shaft, An operation restricting portion formed by a notch groove provided in the case is provided, and the operation restricting portion maintains the pushing position of the operation knob, and the operation knob is allowed to rotate at the pushing position and rotated. There is proposed a change-over switch characterized in that the operation knob can be pulled out at the operation position and the return rotation by the torsion spring is prevented.

  As a third invention, in the above-described changeover switch of the first or second invention, a compression spring is provided for applying a spring force in the pulling direction to the operation knob, and the spring force of the compression spring applied in the pulling direction of the operation knob is set. A changeover switch is proposed which is set weakly with respect to the return rotational force of the torsion spring.

  As a fourth invention, in the changeover switch of the second or third invention described above, a concave groove having a stopper surface formed in a direction orthogonal to the axial direction of the shaft is formed on the inner surface of the case. A notch groove formed in a series of engagement grooves formed in the axial direction of the shaft is provided, the regulating protrusion provided on the shaft is brought into contact with the stopper surface to maintain the pushing position of the operation knob; and The operation of allowing the operation knob to rotate by the concave groove, enabling the operation knob to be pulled out by engaging the restriction protrusion with the engagement groove, and preventing the return rotation of the operation knob by the torsion spring A change-over switch characterized by comprising a regulating part is proposed.

  As a fifth invention, in the changeover switch according to any one of the second to fourth inventions described above, it is linked to the shaft so as to be interlocked with the operation of the operation knob in the front-rear direction and not to the rotation operation. And a terminal base that accommodates the slide block so as to be movable in the axial direction of the shaft, and a movable contact provided on the slide block can be connected to a fixed contact of the terminal base. A changeover switch characterized by the above is proposed.

  As a sixth invention, in the changeover switch according to any one of the second to fifth inventions described above, the operation switch is linked to the shaft so as to be interlocked with the rotation operation of the operation knob and not to the operation in the front-rear direction. There is proposed a change-over switch characterized in that the rotor is provided and one end of the torsion spring is engaged with the case and the other end is engaged with the rotor.

  As a seventh invention, there is proposed a change-over switch according to any one of the second to sixth inventions, wherein a waterproof and dust-proof elastic ring is provided on the outer periphery of the shaft. .

  In the changeover switch according to the present invention, the switch part is operated by a two-time operation of pulling the operation knob after rotating the operation knob at the push-in position.

  In addition, since the operation knob is pulled in the state of rotating against the return rotational force of the torsion spring, the operation knob is urged to vigorously pull it in consideration of the load of the torsion spring. It becomes a switch.

Furthermore, just by striking the operation knob and pushing it in, the operation knob returns and rotates with the spring force of the torsion spring, and the switch returns.
As a result, the rotation state of the operation knob differs between the push-in position and the pull-out position of the operation knob, so that the on / off state of the switch can be easily determined.

  Further, if a compression spring is provided to bias the operation knob in the backward direction as in the third aspect of the invention, the operation knob at the pull-out position does not move forward due to vibration or the like, and the operation knob is pulled out. Since the spring force of the compression spring is applied when the operation knob is operated, the operation knob can be reliably operated to the pull-out position, and the reliability of the switch operation can be improved.

  On the other hand, as in the fourth invention, a stopper surface and an engaging groove formed on the inner surface of the case are provided, and the restricting protrusion that is brought into contact with the stopper surface and engages with the engaging groove is formed on the shaft. If the operation restricting portion is provided and configured, the position where the operation knob is pulled out can be limited, so that the switch does not operate unless the operation knob is intentionally pulled out at a predetermined rotational position.

  Further, since the control protrusion of the shaft engages with the engagement groove on the inner surface of the case by pulling out the operation knob, the return rotational force of the torsion spring can be reliably prevented.

  Furthermore, if it is configured as in the fifth aspect of the invention, the slide block having a movable contact switches in conjunction with only the operation of the operation knob in the front-rear direction, so there is no unnecessary movement and rattling of the switch contact portion, and the operation The switch contacts can be switched quickly in conjunction with the operation of the knob.

  Further, if the torsion spring of the sixth invention and the elastic ring of the seventh invention are provided, in addition to the elastic force of the elastic ring itself, a lateral load by the torsion spring is applied to the shaft. A click feeling due to the frictional resistance of the elastic ring can be obtained.

In addition, since the initial resistance of the elastic ring is generated when the operation knob is pulled out, the operator can be forced to pull out the operation knob, while the frictional resistance of the elastic ring, the spring force of the compression spring, and the torsion spring Due to the lateral load caused by, the forward movement of the operation knob due to vibration or the like can be reliably prevented.
The elastic ring is effective for waterproofing rainwater or the like entering from between the shaft and the case.

  Next, the changeover switch of the present invention implemented as an engine start switch of an agricultural machine will be described with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a front view of the changeover switch, and FIG. 2 is a side view of the changeover switch.
The change-over switch 10 is turned off in the illustrated state, and when turning on from the off state, the operation knob 11 is turned after the operation knob 11 is rotated in the direction of the arrow 12 and the index 13 is set to the ON position. Pull out as indicated by the alternate long and short dash line in FIG.
By this pulling operation of the operation knob 11, the switch part is turned on and the engine is started.

Further, when turning off the on state, the operation knob 11 is pushed.
That is, when the operation knob 11 is pushed in as shown by the solid line from the alternate long and short dash line shown in FIG. 2, the operation knob 11 rotates in the direction opposite to the arrow 12 by the spring force of the torsion coil spring, and the index 13 becomes the OFF position.
The switch portion is turned off by the above-described pushing operation of the operation knob 11, and the engine is stopped.

  As described above, since the change-over switch 10 is turned on by two operations of rotating and pulling out the operation knob 11, when the operation knob 11 is operated by mistake or operated by a child's mischief, etc. The switch does not turn on and the engine does not start.

  In addition, since the switch unit is switched from on to off simply by pressing the operation knob 11, the engine can be stopped immediately by tapping the operation knob 11 during an emergency stop of the engine.

  1 and 2, reference numeral 14 denotes a case, 15 denotes a waterproof boot, 16 denotes a switch cord, and 17 denotes a switch mounting plate portion of the agricultural machine.

Next, the above-described changeover switch 10 will be described in detail with reference to FIGS.
3 is a cross-sectional view of the changeover switch 10 in the off state, and FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the changeover switch 10 in the on state.

As shown in the figure, the change-over switch 10 has a shaft 18 integrally attached to the operation knob 11, and the shaft 18 is connected to the case 14 so that the shaft 18 can rotate and move in the axial direction. It is supported.
Furthermore, the above-described shaft 18 is adapted to interlock the rotor 19 disposed in the case 14 and the slide block 20.

  As can be seen from the perspective view shown in FIG. 5, the shaft 18 has an upper portion 18 a integrally attached to the operation knob 11 and a lower portion 18 b of the shaft 18 is connected to the rotor 19. A connecting portion and a hole 18 c provided on the lower surface of the rectangular portion 18 b serve as a connecting portion of the slide block 20.

  Further, the shaft 18 is provided with regulation protrusions 18d and 18e that form operation regulation parts symmetrically in the circumferential direction, and further, a ring concave groove 18f for fitting the elastic ring 21 is formed around the circumference. It is provided.

As can be seen from the detailed views of FIGS. 7 and 8, the rotor 19 is a container, and a rectangular hole 19 a through which the rectangular portion 18 b of the shaft 18 is inserted is provided at the bottom thereof.
The rotor 19 is rotated by the rotational force of the shaft 18 because the square portion 18b is inserted into the square hole 19a. When the shaft 18 moves in the axial direction, the square portion 18b is rotated by the square hole. Since it slides in 19a, it is not interlocked with the movement of the shaft 18 in the axial direction.

The rotor 19 has a torsion coil spring 22 incorporated therein.
The torsion coil spring 22 has one end 22 a locked in the narrow groove 19 b of the rotor 19 and the other end 22 b locked in a spring receiving groove 14 a formed on the inner surface of the case 14. The rotor 19 is rotated in conjunction with the shaft 18 to store spring force.

  As shown in detail in FIGS. 6, 9, and 10, the slide block 20 projects a connecting shaft portion 20 b on the upper surface of the block portion 20 a and a spring receiving shaft 20 c on the lower surface thereof. Rotation stop pieces 20d and 20e are integrally formed on the left and right sides of 20a.

Further, the slide block 20 is provided with a movable contact 23 that protrudes laterally from the block portion 20a.
The movable contact 23 is given a projecting force by a spring.

In the slide block 20 described above, the connecting shaft portion 20b formed with the split groove is inserted into the hole portion 18c of the shaft 18, and the stepped portion 20f provided on the connecting shaft portion 20b is inserted into the locking claw portion 18g in the hole portion 18c. (See FIGS. 3 and 4).
The slide block 20 thus connected is rotatable with respect to the shaft 18, is not interlocked with the rotation of the shaft 18, and is vertically moved within the terminal base 24 in conjunction with the movement of the shaft 18 in the axial direction. Moving.

As shown in the detailed views of FIGS. 9 and 10, the terminal base 24 is fixed to the lower inner surface of the case 14, and the slide block 20 is housed therein.
A fixed contact 25 is provided on the inner surface of the terminal base 24 so that the movable contact 23 of the slide block 20 comes into contact with the fixed contact 25.

Further, the terminal base 24 is provided with a guide groove 24a for guiding the rotation stopper pieces 20d and 20e to hold the slide block 20 in a non-rotating manner.
Further, a compression spring 26 is provided in the terminal base 24, and a pushing force is given to the slide block 20 by the compression spring 26.

On the other hand, on the inner surface of the inner cylinder portion 14b formed integrally with the case 14, cut grooves 27 and 28 forming an operation restricting portion are provided at symmetrical positions.
As can be seen from the detailed view shown in FIG. 11, the cut grooves 27 and 28 are formed of a concave groove 27b having a stopper surface 27a, and a series of vertically long engaging grooves 27c. .
The cut groove 28 has the same shape as the cut groove 27.

  The restriction protrusion 18d of the shaft 18 and the other restriction protrusion 18e are slidably inserted into the notch groove 27 and the notch groove 28, and the operation knob 11 is pushed by the notch groove and the restriction protrusion. The position, the drawer position, and the rotation position are defined.

Further, the engagement groove 27 c of the cut groove 27 is formed such that the lateral width thereof is narrower than the lateral width of the regulating protrusion 18 d of the shaft 18.
The same applies to the engagement groove of the cut groove 28 and the lateral width of the restriction protrusion of the shaft 18.

With this configuration, the switch unit is not turned on only by rotating the operation knob 11 to the ON position.
That is, when the operating knob 11 is rotated to the ON position and the operating force is released, the operating knob 11 immediately starts to rotate in the OFF position direction due to the return rotational force of the torsion coil spring 22, so that the restricting projection 18d is engaged. It shifts from the entry position of the groove 27c.

  Therefore, although the pushing force by the compression spring 26 is applied to the operation knob 11, the regulation protrusion 18 d cannot enter the engagement groove 27 c, so that the operation knob 11 does not move to the pull-out position and moves to the OFF position. Turn back to keep the switch off.

  Accordingly, the control knob 11 is rotated to the ON position against the spring force of the torsion coil spring 22, and the pulling operation is performed while keeping the rotation operation in mind, so that the restricting projection 18d enters the engagement groove 27c. The operation knob 11 can be pulled out.

  In other words, the changeover switch 10 is turned on by two operations: an operation of rotating the operation knob 11 to the ON position and an operation of consciously pulling out the operation knob 11 while maintaining the rotation operation at the rotation position. .

In order to turn it off, it is only necessary to push in the operation knob 11.
When the operation knob 11 is pushed in, the restricting projection 18d comes out of the engaging groove 27c and moves into the recessed groove 27b. Therefore, the restricting protrusion 18d can move in the recessed groove 27b, and the operation knob 11 is rotated back by the torsion coil spring 22. Receiving force, it rotates to the OFF position.

Next, the operation of the changeover switch 10 configured as described above will be described.
First, when the operation knob 11 is pushed in against the spring force of the compression spring 26, the shaft 18 is rotated counterclockwise by the spring force of the torsion coil spring 22, so that the operation knob 11 is rotated counterclockwise and the regulating protrusion of the shaft 18 is rotated. 18d moves in the concave groove 27b of the cut groove 27, and as shown in FIG. 12A, the restricting projection 18d hits one side wall of the concave groove 27b, and the left rotation of the operation knob 11 is stopped.

When the operation knob 11 is pushed in and rotated counterclockwise as described above, the index 13 is turned to the OFF position, and the changeover switch 10 is turned off as shown in FIGS.
In this OFF state, the restricting projection 18 d of the shaft 18 abuts against the stopper surface 27 a of the cut groove 27, and the upward movement of the operation knob 11 is prevented, and the spring force of the torsion coil spring 22 causes the operation knob 11 to move. The left rotation position is maintained.

  FIG. 12 illustrates the state in which the restricting protrusion 18d of the shaft 18 moves in the cut groove 27, but the restricting protrusion 18e of the shaft 18 also moves in the cut groove 28 in the same manner.

When the operation knob 11 is pushed in as described above, the slide block 20 moves downward within the terminal base 24, so that the movable contact 23 comes into contact with the off fixed contact 25b as shown in FIG. It becomes like this.
FIG. 13 is an explanatory diagram showing the contact relationship between the movable contact 23 and the fixed contact 25, in which 25a is a common fixed contact, 25b is an off-fixed contact, and 25c is an on-fixed contact.

When the changeover switch 10 is turned on, the operation knob 11 is rotated rightward and then pulled out.
That is, when the operation knob 11 in the OFF position is rotated clockwise against the spring force of the torsion coil spring 22, the restricting projection 18d of the shaft 18 moves in the concave groove 27b of the cut groove 27, and FIG. As shown in (), it hits the other side wall and the right rotation of the operation knob 11 is stopped.
By this operation, the restricting protrusion 18d moves to a position where it can move into the engaging groove 27c.

  At this stage of operation, the index 13 of the operation knob 11 is in the ON position, but the slide block 20 is in the lowered position because it is not linked to the rotation of the shaft 18, and the movable contact 23 is shown in FIG. As shown, it remains in contact with the off-fixed contact 25b.

Subsequently, the operation knob 11 is pulled out while maintaining the right rotation operation of the operation knob 11.
By this pulling-out operation, the restriction protrusion 18d of the shaft 18 advances in the engagement groove 27c of the cut groove 27 as shown in FIG.
Further, the slide block 20 moves upward in conjunction with the shaft 18, and the movable contact 23 comes into contact with the on-fixed contact 25c as shown in FIG.

Therefore, the on operation shown in FIG. 4 is performed by two operations, that is, a clockwise rotation operation of the operation knob 11 and a pull-out operation.
Further, in this on-operation state, the operation knob 11 receives the return rotational force by the torsion coil spring 22, but the restricting projection 18d of the shaft 18 contacts the side wall of the engagement groove 27c, so that the return rotational force is blocked. Is done.

  Further, even when the operation knob 11 releases the pulling operation, the restricting projection 18d abuts against the side wall of the engagement groove 27c by the spring force of the torsion coil spring 22, and the upward movement force is applied by the compression spring 26. Since the elastic ring 21 has frictional resistance due to contact with the case 14, the drawing position is maintained.

As described above, the selector switch of the present invention is turned on by two operations of pulling out the operation knob while maintaining the rotational operation force after the operation knob 11 is rotated against the spring force of the torsion coil spring 22. So it won't be turned on by mistake or by mischief on children.
Further, since the turning-off operation is performed simply by pushing the operation knob, when it is urgently turned off, the operation knob is switched from on to off by hitting the operation knob.

  In implementing the present invention, a small sphere provided with a spring force to provide a protruding force is provided in the slide block 20, and the small sphere is configured to drop into a small hole provided in the terminal base 24. By the mechanism, it is possible to give a sense of moderation to pushing and pulling of the operation knob 11.

  It can be used as an engine start switch for agricultural machines, a PTO (POWER TAKE OFF) switch for various devices, an emergency stop switch for emergency stop, and the like.

It is a front view of the change-over switch implemented as an engine start switch of an agricultural machine. It is a side view of an above-mentioned changeover switch. It is sectional drawing of the said change-over switch which shows an OFF operation state. It is sectional drawing of the said change-over switch which shows an ON operation state. It is a perspective view of the shaft with which the said changeover switch was equipped. It is a perspective view of the slide block with which the said changeover switch was equipped. It is the perspective view which showed the rotor and torsion coil spring which were provided in the said changeover switch. It is sectional drawing of an above-described rotor and a torsion coil spring. It is the front view which showed the slide block with which the said changeover switch was equipped, and the terminal base. It is the sectional view on the AA line on FIG. It is the case simplification figure of the said change-over switch which showed the operation control part of the operation knob. It is explanatory drawing which shows operation | movement of the operation control part of an operation knob. It is a simplified diagram showing a contact operation of a movable contact and a fixed contact.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Changeover switch 11 Operation knob 14 Case 18 Shaft 18b Square part 18c Hole part 18d, 18e Restriction protrusion 19 Rotor
20 Slide block 20b Connecting shaft portion 21 Elastic ring 22 Torsion coil spring 23 Movable contact 24 Terminal base 25 Fixed contact 26 Compression spring 27 Cut groove 27a Stopper surface 27b Concave groove 27c Engagement groove 28 Cut groove

Claims (7)

In the changeover switch that switches between the front and rear direction operation and the rotation operation of the operation knob,
A torsion spring which returns to the operation knob and gives a rotational force;
An operation restricting portion that maintains the pushing position of the operation knob, allows the operation knob to rotate at the pushed position, enables the operation knob to be pulled out at the rotated operation position, and prevents return rotation by the torsion spring; ,
A change-over switch comprising a switch portion that changes over in conjunction with a pull-out of an operation knob. In the changeover switch that switches between the front and rear direction operation and the rotation operation of the operation knob,
A shaft integrally connected to the operation knob, a case in which the shaft is rotatably supported, and a switch unit that is switched to the off position in conjunction with the pushing of the operation knob and switched to the on position by its drawer. Prepared,
In addition, a torsion spring that gives a rotational force to the operation knob,
An operation restricting portion formed by a restricting protrusion provided on the shaft and a notch groove provided on the case is provided, and the operation restricting portion maintains the pushing position of the operation knob. A changeover switch characterized by allowing rotation and allowing the operation knob to be pulled out at the rotated operation position and preventing return rotation by the torsion spring. In the changeover switch according to claim 1 or 2,
A changeover switch characterized in that a compression spring for applying a spring force in the pulling direction is provided on the operation knob, and the spring force of the compression spring applied in the pulling direction of the operation knob is set weak with respect to the return rotational force of the torsion spring. In the changeover switch according to claim 2 or 3,
On the inner surface of the case, there is a cut groove in which a concave groove having a stopper surface formed in a direction perpendicular to the axial direction of the shaft and an engaging groove formed in the axial direction of the shaft are formed in series. Provided,
The control protrusion provided on the shaft is brought into contact with the stopper surface to maintain the pushing position of the operation knob, the rotation of the operation knob is allowed by the concave groove, and the restriction protrusion is used as the engagement groove. A selector switch comprising an operation restricting portion that engages to allow the operation knob to be pulled out and prevents a return rotation of the operation knob by the torsion spring. In the changeover switch in any one of Claims 2-4,
A slide block connected to the shaft so as to be interlocked with the operation in the front-rear direction of the operation knob and not interlocked with the rotation operation,
A terminal base that houses the slide block so as to be movable in the axial direction of the shaft;
A change-over switch characterized in that a movable contact provided on the slide block can be connected to a fixed contact on a terminal base. In the changeover switch in any one of Claims 2-5,
A rotor connected to the shaft is provided so as to be interlocked with the rotation operation of the operation knob and not interlocked with the operation in the front-rear direction.
A changeover switch characterized in that one end of the torsion spring is engaged with the case and the other end is engaged with the rotor. In the changeover switch in any one of Claims 2-6,
A changeover switch characterized in that a waterproof and dustproof elastic ring is provided on the outer periphery of the shaft.

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