JP2006037446A - Simple pavement material and simple pavement method - Google Patents

Simple pavement material and simple pavement method Download PDF

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JP2006037446A
JP2006037446A JP2004217117A JP2004217117A JP2006037446A JP 2006037446 A JP2006037446 A JP 2006037446A JP 2004217117 A JP2004217117 A JP 2004217117A JP 2004217117 A JP2004217117 A JP 2004217117A JP 2006037446 A JP2006037446 A JP 2006037446A
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soil
solidifying agent
simple pavement
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water shielding
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JP3993184B2 (en
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Kazumoto Onodera
一元 小野寺
Takeshi Orukawa
剛 尾留川
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Electric Power Development Co Ltd
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To perform simple pavement by solidifying soil, by applying a soil solidifying agent composed of a polymer emulsion aqueous solution to the soil of Japan much in a moisture quantity. <P>SOLUTION: In this simple pavement method, an impervious material 2 is placed on the ground 1, and a draining material 3 is placed on this impervious material 2, and modified soil 4 is laid on this draining material 3, and is formed as a pavement layer 5 by rolling this soil. The modified soil uses a material of mixing and dispersing a soil solidifying agent composed of a polymer emulsion in the soil having the moisture content ratio of 30 % or more. A material composed of a corrosive material is desirably used as the impervious material and the draining material. The soil solidifying agent desirably includes an acrylic copolymer emulsion, enzyme and cement. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

この発明は、林道、駐車場、歩道などの軽走行に適した簡易舗装物および簡易舗装法に関する。   The present invention relates to a simple pavement and a simple pavement method suitable for light travel such as forest roads, parking lots, and sidewalks.

従来、このような簡易舗装法として、ポリマーエマルジョンを用いる工法が主にアメリカで実施されている。
この簡易舗装法は、例えば、米国特許明細書第６６９５５４５号に開示されているように、施工現場の土壌を破砕し、これにアクリル系コポリマーエマルジョンを主成分とする土壌固化剤を散布、混合して改質土壌とし、これを地盤上に敷き均し、転圧する施工法であり、土壌固化剤中の水分が飛散し、除去されることにより、土壌粒子がアクリル系コポリマーによって結合され、改質土壌が固化して舗装面となるものである。 Conventionally, as such a simple pavement method, a method using a polymer emulsion is mainly carried out in the United States.
In this simple paving method, for example, as disclosed in US Pat. No. 6,695,545, soil on a construction site is crushed, and a soil solidifying agent mainly composed of an acrylic copolymer emulsion is sprayed and mixed thereto. This is a construction method in which the soil is laid and ground on the ground, and then compacted, and the water in the soil solidifying agent is scattered and removed, so that the soil particles are bound by the acrylic copolymer and modified. The soil solidifies and becomes a paved surface.

この施工法は、工事が簡単で、施工に要する時間も短く、特殊な施工機械も必要とせず、コストが安価である。また、アクリル系コポリマーエマルジョンが無害であり、植生に悪影響を与えることがないなどの利点を有するとされている。   This construction method is simple in construction, requires a short time for construction, does not require a special construction machine, and is inexpensive. In addition, the acrylic copolymer emulsion is harmless and is said to have advantages such as not adversely affecting vegetation.

しかしながら、この施工法を日本国内で実施することは困難であった。その理由は、日本の土壌は一般に水分量が多い粘性土が多く、これにアクリル系コポリマーエマルジョン水溶液からなる土壌固化剤を散布、混合しても、水分が除去されにくく、土壌の固化がほとんど進行しないためである。一方、アメリカの土壌は、多くが乾燥した砂土などであるので、土壌の土壌固化剤による固化が良好に進行し、このような不都合は生じない。
米国特許第６６９５５４５号明細書 However, it was difficult to implement this construction method in Japan. The reason for this is that Japanese soil generally has a lot of sticky soil with a high water content, and even if a soil solidifying agent consisting of an acrylic copolymer emulsion aqueous solution is sprayed and mixed with this, it is difficult to remove moisture and the soil solidifies almost completely. It is because it does not. On the other hand, American soil is mostly dry sand and so on, and solidification of the soil by the soil solidifying agent proceeds well, and such inconvenience does not occur.
US Pat. No. 6,695,545

よって、本発明における課題は、ポリマーエマルジョンを主成分とする土壌固化剤を、水分量の多い日本の土壌に適用して、土壌を固化し、簡易舗装が行えるようにすることにある。   Therefore, the subject in this invention is applying the soil solidification agent which has a polymer emulsion as a main component to Japanese soil with much water content, solidifying soil, and enabling it to perform simple pavement.

かかる課題を解決するために、
請求項１にかかる発明は、地盤上に遮水材を置き、この遮水材上に排水材を置き、この排水材上に改質土壌を敷き、転圧してなる簡易舗装物であって、
前記改質土壌が、含水比３０％以上の土壌にポリマーエマルジョンからなる土壌固化剤を混合、分散したものであることを特徴とする簡易舗装物である。 To solve this problem,
The invention according to claim 1 is a simple pavement formed by placing a water shielding material on the ground, placing a drainage material on the water shielding material, laying a modified soil on the drainage material, and rolling.
The modified soil is a simple pavement characterized in that a soil solidifying agent comprising a polymer emulsion is mixed and dispersed in soil having a water content ratio of 30% or more.

請求項２にかかる発明は、遮水材および排水材が腐食性材料からなることを特徴とする請求項１記載の簡易舗装物である。
請求項３にかかる発明は、遮水材が紙であり、排水材が天然繊維からなる布である請求項２記載の簡易舗装物である。 The invention according to claim 2 is the simple pavement according to claim 1, wherein the water shielding material and the drainage material are made of a corrosive material.
The invention according to claim 3 is the simple pavement according to claim 2, wherein the water shielding material is paper and the drainage material is a cloth made of natural fibers.

請求項４にかかる発明は、地盤上に遮水材を置き、この遮水材上に排水材を置き、この排水材上に改質土壌を敷き、転圧する簡易舗装法であって、
前記改質土壌が、含水比３０％以上の土壌にポリマーエマルジョンからなる土壌固化剤を混合、分散したものであることを特徴とする簡易舗装法である。
請求項５にかかる発明は、土壌が、施工現場から採取されたものであり、土壌固化剤との混合、分散が施工現場で行われることを特徴とする請求項４記載の簡易舗装法である。 The invention according to claim 4 is a simple pavement method in which a water shielding material is placed on the ground, a drainage material is placed on the water shielding material, a modified soil is laid on the drainage material, and the pressure is reduced.
In the simple pavement method, the modified soil is obtained by mixing and dispersing a soil solidifying agent composed of a polymer emulsion in soil having a water content ratio of 30% or more.
The invention according to claim 5 is the simple pavement method according to claim 4, wherein the soil is collected from the construction site, and mixing and dispersion with the soil solidifying agent are performed at the construction site. .

本発明によれば、水分量の多い日本の粘性土などの土壌に対しても、ポリマーエマルジョン水溶液を主成分とする土壌固化剤を適用して簡易舗装を施工できる。また、遮水材および排水材が、紙、天然繊維などの腐食性材料からなるものを用いた場合には、これら材料はやがて腐食して消滅し、環境に悪影響を与えることがない。さらに、施工現場の土壌をそのまま用いて改質土壌とすることで、施工コストを安価なものとすることができる。   According to the present invention, simple pavement can be applied to soil such as Japanese viscous soil having a high water content by applying a soil solidifying agent mainly composed of a polymer emulsion aqueous solution. Further, when the water shielding material and the drainage material are made of corrosive materials such as paper and natural fibers, these materials will eventually corrode and disappear, and will not adversely affect the environment. Furthermore, construction cost can be made cheap by using the soil of a construction site as it is and making it a modified soil.

以下、本発明を詳しく説明する。
図１ないし図３は、本発明の簡易舗装法の一例を工程順に示すもので、これらの図面において、符号１は、地盤を示す。
この地盤１は、簡易舗装の基礎となるもので、施工現場の地盤をブルトーザなどにより平坦に均したものである。 The present invention will be described in detail below.
1 to 3 show an example of the simple pavement method of the present invention in the order of steps. In these drawings, reference numeral 1 denotes the ground.
The ground 1 is a basis for simple pavement, and is obtained by leveling the ground at the construction site with a bull tosa or the like.

まず、図１に示すように、この地盤１上に遮水材２が敷設される。この遮水材２は、地盤１からの水を遮断してこの上に敷かれる改質土壌にまで水が浸透することを防止する機能を有するものであって、この遮水機能は、改質土壌が固化するに要する２４〜７２時間持続するものであれば、十分である。   First, as shown in FIG. 1, a water shielding material 2 is laid on the ground 1. The water shielding material 2 has a function of blocking water from the ground 1 and preventing water from penetrating into the modified soil laid on the ground 1. It is sufficient if it lasts for 24 to 72 hours required for the soil to solidify.

この遮水材２としては、不透水性材料であれば、いかなるものでもよく、各種プラスチックフィルム、プラスチックシートなどの他に遮水機能が一時的である板紙、段ボール紙、古板紙、古段ボール紙などの紙類が用いられる。遮水材２として紙類を用いた場合には、これがやがて腐食して消滅するので、環境保全上好ましいものとなる。
この遮水材２は、施工範囲全体の地盤１に隙間なく敷設することが必要である。 The water shielding material 2 may be any water-impervious material. In addition to various plastic films, plastic sheets, etc., paperboard, corrugated paper, used paperboard, and old corrugated paper whose water shielding function is temporary. Papers such as are used. When paper is used as the water shielding material 2, it eventually corrodes and disappears, which is preferable for environmental protection.
It is necessary to lay the water shielding material 2 on the ground 1 in the entire construction range without any gaps.

次いで、図２に示すように、遮水材２上に排水材３を敷設する。この排水材３は、この上に敷かれる改質土壌中に含まれる水分一旦吸収し、さらにこれを外部に排出する機能を有するもので、この排水機能も改質土壌が固化するに要する２４〜７２時間持続するものであれば、十分である。   Next, as shown in FIG. 2, a drainage material 3 is laid on the water shielding material 2. The drainage material 3 has a function of once absorbing moisture contained in the modified soil laid on the drainage material and discharging it to the outside. This drainage function is also required for the reformed soil to solidify. Anything that lasts for 72 hours is sufficient.

この排水材３の具体的なものとしては、ポリエステル、ポリアミド、ポリアクリロニトリルなどの合成繊維からなる不織布、織布、編布や麻、木綿などの天然繊維からなる不織布、織布、編布などが用いられる。排水材３として天然繊維からなるものを用いた場合には、これが時間の経過とともに腐食して消滅するので、環境に悪影響を与えることがない。
この排水材３は、水分の排出の点から、厚さが厚いものが好ましく、０．５〜１０ｍｍ程度の木綿不織布などが好適である。また、水分の排出を考慮し、この上に敷かれる改質土壌からなる層よりも平面寸法が大きいものが好ましい。 Specific examples of the drainage material 3 include nonwoven fabrics made of synthetic fibers such as polyester, polyamide, polyacrylonitrile, woven fabrics, knitted fabrics, nonwoven fabrics made of natural fibers such as hemp and cotton, woven fabrics, knitted fabrics, and the like. Used. When a material made of natural fiber is used as the drainage material 3, it corrodes and disappears over time, so that there is no adverse effect on the environment.
The drainage material 3 is preferably thick from the viewpoint of draining water, and a cotton nonwoven fabric of about 0.5 to 10 mm is preferable. Moreover, in consideration of the discharge of moisture, the one having a larger plane dimension than the layer made of the modified soil laid thereon is preferable.

次に、図３に示すように、この排水材３上に改質土壌４が敷かれる。この改質土壌４は、含水比が３０％以上の水分量が多い土壌、例えば粘土に対して土壌固化剤を添加し、混合してなるものである。土壌としては、主に施工現場やこの付近から採取したもの、特に地盤１の表層を削り取った土壌が用いられるが、施工現場以外から搬入した土壌であってもよい。   Next, as shown in FIG. 3, the modified soil 4 is laid on the drainage material 3. The modified soil 4 is obtained by adding and mixing a soil solidifying agent to soil having a high water content of 30% or more, for example, clay. As the soil, soil collected mainly from the construction site or the vicinity thereof, in particular, soil obtained by scraping the surface layer of the ground 1 is used, but soil carried from other than the construction site may be used.

土壌固化剤としては、ポリマーエマルジョンを主成分として含有する樹脂分２０〜６０ｗｔ％の水性組成物を水で希釈した樹脂分４〜１０ｗｔ％の水溶液が用いられる。ポリマーエマルジョンとしては、アクリル系、酢酸ビニル系、エチレン−酢酸ビニル共重合体系、スチレン−ブタジエンゴム系などの各種ポリマーエマルジョンが用いられる。   As the soil solidifying agent, an aqueous solution having a resin content of 4 to 10 wt% obtained by diluting an aqueous composition containing a polymer emulsion as a main component and having a resin content of 20 to 60 wt% with water is used. As the polymer emulsion, various polymer emulsions such as acrylic, vinyl acetate, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, styrene-butadiene rubber are used.

この土壌固化剤として、なかでも米国特許明細書第６６９５５４５号に開示されたアクリル系コポリマーエマルジョンと酵素とセメントを含む水性組成物を水で希釈した土壌固化剤が、固化後の改質土壌の強度が高く、固化性も良好であることから、特に好ましい。この水性組成物をなすアクリル系コポリマーエマルジョンは、アクリル酸ブチルと酢酸ビニルと２−ピロペニル酸とからなる共重合体エマルジョンである。この水性組成物は、例えば、アメリカ、カルフォルニア州、ニューポートビーチにあるＧ．Ｍ．ボストン社から、商品名「ＰＸ−３００」として販売されている。   As this soil solidifying agent, among others, a soil solidifying agent obtained by diluting an aqueous composition containing an acrylic copolymer emulsion, an enzyme, and cement disclosed in US Pat. No. 6,695,545 with water is the strength of the modified soil after solidification. Is particularly preferable since it is high and the solidification property is good. The acrylic copolymer emulsion constituting this aqueous composition is a copolymer emulsion composed of butyl acrylate, vinyl acetate, and 2-pyropenyl acid. This aqueous composition can be found, for example, in G.M., Newport Beach, California. M.M. It is sold by Boston as the trade name “PX-300”.

土壌と土壌固化剤との混合割合は、土壌の種類、その水分量、施工時の天候などの要素に基づいて決められるが、通常土壌１ｍ３当たり、土壌固化剤の固形分として３〜１０ｋｇ程度とされる。
土壌と土壌固化剤との混合は、具体的には、上記土壌固化剤の原液を水で５〜１０倍に希釈した水溶液を土壌にスプレーなどの散布方法により散布し、バックホー、耕耘機などで混合する方法などが採用される。 The mixing ratio of the soil and the soil solidifying agent is determined based on factors such as the type of soil, the amount of moisture, and the weather at the time of construction. Usually, the solid content of the soil solidifying agent is about 3 to 10 kg per 1 m 3 of soil. It is said.
Specifically, the mixing of the soil and the soil solidifying agent is carried out by spraying an aqueous solution obtained by diluting the stock solution of the soil solidifying agent 5 to 10 times with water onto the soil by a spraying method such as spraying, using a backhoe, a tiller, etc. A method of mixing is employed.

この時に、予め土壌を排水材３上に敷いておき、この上に上記土壌固化剤の水溶液を散布し、バックホーや耕耘機で混合する方法でもよい。さらに、施工現場から少々離れた場所で、ドラムミキサーなどの攪拌機を用いて土壌と土壌固化剤の水溶液とを混合して改質土壌４とし、これを排水材３上に敷き均してもよい。   At this time, the soil may be spread on the drainage material 3 in advance, and an aqueous solution of the above-mentioned soil solidifying agent may be sprayed thereon and mixed by a backhoe or a tiller. Furthermore, the soil and the aqueous solution of the soil solidifying agent may be mixed by using a stirrer such as a drum mixer at a place slightly away from the construction site to form the modified soil 4, which may be spread on the drainage material 3 and leveled. .

ついで、この改質土壌４をロードローラーなどを用いて転圧することで舗装層５が形成される。この転圧により簡易舗装は完了するが、改質土壌４中の水分、すなわち土壌中に元々含まれていた水分および土壌固化剤の水溶液の水分の一部が、排水材３に浸透し、この排水材３に浸透した水が外部に排出されて、改質土壌４中の水分量が減少し、土壌固化剤中のポリマーエマルジョンによる土壌の固化が進行する。   Next, the pavement layer 5 is formed by rolling the modified soil 4 using a road roller or the like. The simple pavement is completed by this rolling, but the moisture in the modified soil 4, that is, the moisture originally contained in the soil and the moisture of the aqueous solution of the soil solidifying agent penetrates into the drainage material 3, and this The water that has permeated the drainage material 3 is discharged to the outside, the amount of water in the modified soil 4 is reduced, and solidification of the soil by the polymer emulsion in the soil solidifying agent proceeds.

これとともに、遮水材２により地盤１中に含まれる水分が改質土壌４中に浸透することがなく、改質土壌４の水分量は土壌固化剤による固化に適切なものとなる。この状態で、転圧後２４〜７２時間経過すると、土壌固化剤による固化が完了し、固化した舗装層５となる。
この舗装層５は、その圧縮強度が０．５〜８ＭＰａと高く、その厚さを５〜１０ｃｍとすることで、車両の軽度の通行に十分耐えるものとなる。 At the same time, the moisture contained in the ground 1 does not penetrate into the modified soil 4 due to the water shielding material 2, and the moisture content of the modified soil 4 becomes appropriate for solidification by the soil solidifying agent. In this state, when 24 to 72 hours have elapsed after rolling, solidification by the soil solidifying agent is completed, and the solidified pavement layer 5 is obtained.
The pavement layer 5 has a high compressive strength of 0.5 to 8 MPa and has a thickness of 5 to 10 cm, so that the pavement layer 5 can sufficiently withstand light traffic of the vehicle.

このような簡易舗装法にあっては、改質土壌４中の土壌固化剤の固化を阻害する余分の水分が排水材３により排出され、かつ地盤１からの水分の浸透も遮水剤２により防止されるので、土壌として水分含有量が高い粘性土などを用いても、これを土壌固化剤で十分固化させることができ、機械的強度が高く、車両の走行に十分耐える舗装層５を得ることができる。   In such a simple pavement method, excess water that inhibits solidification of the soil solidifying agent in the modified soil 4 is discharged by the drainage material 3, and the penetration of moisture from the ground 1 is also caused by the water shielding agent 2. Therefore, even if viscous soil having a high water content is used as the soil, it can be sufficiently solidified with a soil solidifying agent, and a pavement layer 5 having high mechanical strength and sufficiently resistant to running of the vehicle is obtained. be able to.

また、遮水材２および排水材３として、腐食性材料からなるものを使用すれば、土壌固化剤の固化に要する時間内では、問題なくその機能を発揮して改質土壌４の固化に寄与するが、固化後には土壌中のバクテリアなどによって分解され、ついには消滅するので、舗装物には舗装層５のみが残ることになる。このため、舗装物には、プラスチックなどが残ることがなく、植生に悪影響を与えることがなく、環境に優しいものとなる。
さらに、土壌として施工現場からの土壌を利用すれば、土壌に搬出、搬入にかかるコストが低減できる。 In addition, if a material made of a corrosive material is used as the water shielding material 2 and the drainage material 3, the function is demonstrated without any problem within the time required for solidifying the soil solidifying agent, thereby contributing to the solidification of the modified soil 4. However, after solidification, it is decomposed by bacteria in the soil and eventually disappears, so that only the pavement layer 5 remains on the pavement. For this reason, no plastic or the like remains on the pavement, and it does not adversely affect vegetation and is environmentally friendly.
Furthermore, if the soil from a construction site is used as soil, the cost for carrying out to the soil and carrying in can be reduced.

本発明の簡易舗装法の一例を工程順に示す概略断面図である。It is a schematic sectional drawing which shows an example of the simple pavement method of this invention in process order. 本発明の簡易舗装法の一例を工程順に示す概略断面図である。It is a schematic sectional drawing which shows an example of the simple pavement method of this invention in process order. 本発明の簡易舗装法の一例を工程順に示す概略断面図である。It is a schematic sectional drawing which shows an example of the simple pavement method of this invention in process order.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

１・・・地盤、２・・・遮水材、３・・・排水材、４・・・改質土壌、５・・・舗装層
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Ground, 2 ... Water shielding material, 3 ... Drainage material, 4 ... Modified soil, 5 ... Pavement layer

Claims (5)

地盤上に遮水材を置き、この遮水材上に排水材を置き、この排水材上に改質土壌を敷き、転圧してなる簡易舗装物であって、
前記改質土壌が、含水比３０％以上の土壌にポリマーエマルジョンからなる土壌固化剤を混合、分散したものであることを特徴とする簡易舗装物。 It is a simple pavement made by placing a water shielding material on the ground, placing a drainage material on this water shielding material, laying modified soil on this drainage material, and rolling it.
A simple pavement, wherein the modified soil is obtained by mixing and dispersing a soil solidifying agent comprising a polymer emulsion in soil having a water content ratio of 30% or more. 遮水材および排水材が腐食性材料からなることを特徴とする請求項１記載の簡易舗装物。   The simple pavement according to claim 1, wherein the water shielding material and the drainage material are made of a corrosive material. 遮水材が紙であり、排水材が天然繊維からなる布である請求項２記載の簡易舗装物。   The simple pavement according to claim 2, wherein the water shielding material is paper and the drainage material is a cloth made of natural fibers. 地盤上に遮水材を置き、この遮水材上に排水材を置き、この排水材上に改質土壌を敷き、転圧する簡易舗装法であって、
前記改質土壌が、含水比３０％以上の土壌にポリマーエマルジョンからなる土壌固化剤を混合、分散したものであることを特徴とする簡易舗装法。 A simple pavement method in which a water shielding material is placed on the ground, a drainage material is placed on the water shielding material, a modified soil is laid on the drainage material, and the pressure is reduced.
A simple pavement method, wherein the modified soil is obtained by mixing and dispersing a soil solidifying agent comprising a polymer emulsion in soil having a water content ratio of 30% or more. 土壌が、施工現場から採取されたものであり、土壌固化剤との混合、分散が施工現場で行われることを特徴とする請求項４記載の簡易舗装法。
The simple pavement method according to claim 4, wherein the soil is collected from a construction site, and mixing and dispersion with a soil solidifying agent are performed at the construction site.
JP2004217117A 2004-07-26 2004-07-26 Simple pavement and simple pavement method Expired - Fee Related JP3993184B2 (en)

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2008001868A (en) * 2006-06-26 2008-01-10 Terunaito:Kk Modifier of soil material for pavement, clay pavement material, its preparation process and paving process
JP2008007633A (en) * 2006-06-29 2008-01-17 Electric Power Dev Co Ltd Rapidly solidifiable soil mixture
JP2008038513A (en) * 2006-08-08 2008-02-21 Emulsion Technology Co Ltd Road paving composition and construction method of paving body

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103556558B (en) * 2013-10-21 2015-06-24 重庆交通大学 Pavement construction with hierarchically completely encapsulated roadbed and construction method thereof

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2008001868A (en) * 2006-06-26 2008-01-10 Terunaito:Kk Modifier of soil material for pavement, clay pavement material, its preparation process and paving process
JP2008007633A (en) * 2006-06-29 2008-01-17 Electric Power Dev Co Ltd Rapidly solidifiable soil mixture
JP2008038513A (en) * 2006-08-08 2008-02-21 Emulsion Technology Co Ltd Road paving composition and construction method of paving body

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