JP2006031572A - Driving estimation device and method - Google Patents

Driving estimation device and method Download PDF

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JP2006031572A
JP2006031572A JP2004212439A JP2004212439A JP2006031572A JP 2006031572 A JP2006031572 A JP 2006031572A JP 2004212439 A JP2004212439 A JP 2004212439A JP 2004212439 A JP2004212439 A JP 2004212439A JP 2006031572 A JP2006031572 A JP 2006031572A
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vehicle
driving
degree
speed
time
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Yasushi Inoue
裕史 井上
Toshiaki Takahashi
利彰 高橋
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Nissan Motor Co Ltd
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To decide a driving smoothness degree of a vehicle, or an influence degree of a preceding vehicle on an own vehicle. <P>SOLUTION: This driving estimation device has: an inter-vehicle distance acquisition means 101 acquiring an inter-vehicle distance between the own vehicle and the preceding vehicle in time of driving; an own vehicle velocity acquisition means 102 acquiring velocity of the own vehicle; a vehicle information calculation means 104 calculating a second order differential value of velocity of the preceding vehicle with respect to time on the basis of the inter-vehicle distance and the velocity of the own vehicle, and calculating a second order differential value of the velocity of the own vehicle with respect to time on the basis of the velocity of the own vehicle; a driving smoothness degree estimation means 105 for the preceding vehicle estimating the driving smoothness degree of the preceding vehicle on the basis of the second order differential value of the the velocity of the preceding vehicle with respect to time; a driving smoothness degree estimation means 106 for the own vehicle estimating the driving smoothness degree of the own vehicle on the basis of the second order differential value of the velocity of the own vehicle with respect to time; a preceding vehicle-own vehicle comparison estimation means 107 sequentially comparing the driving smoothness degree of the preceding vehicle and the driving smoothness degree of the own vehicle to estimate the influence degree of the preceding vehicle on the own vehicle; and a display means 108 presenting information. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

本発明は、運転推定装置および方法に関する。   The present invention relates to a driving estimation apparatus and method.

従来の技術として下記特許文献1に記載された運転者による車両の操作傾向解析システムがある。
このシステムは、車両の挙動を時系列に検出するセンサと、該センサで検出した挙動をメモリカードに記録する記録部と、車両の挙動を危険挙動と判定するための条件パターンを設定する挙動解析装置とを備えている。
記録部は、上記条件パターンと、センサで実際に検出した挙動とを比較し、条件パターンに適合する挙動に関わる情報のみを危険挙動別にメモリカードに記録し、これを上記挙動解析装置で統計的に解析できるようになっている。
このシステムでは、車両の挙動を簡潔に記録すると共に、危険挙動と判断された場合は詳しく記録しておく。そして、加速度などをある一定の閾値で判別し、危険挙動の回数や度合いにより運転者の操作傾向を解析するものである。
As a conventional technique, there is an operation tendency analysis system for a vehicle by a driver described in Patent Document 1 below.
This system consists of a sensor that detects the behavior of a vehicle in time series, a recording unit that records the behavior detected by the sensor on a memory card, and a behavior analysis that sets a condition pattern for determining the behavior of the vehicle as a dangerous behavior. Device.
The recording unit compares the condition pattern with the behavior actually detected by the sensor, records only information related to the behavior that matches the condition pattern on the memory card for each dangerous behavior, and statistically records this information using the behavior analysis device. Can be analyzed.
In this system, the behavior of the vehicle is recorded succinctly, and if it is judged as dangerous behavior, it is recorded in detail. Then, acceleration and the like are determined by a certain threshold value, and the driver's operation tendency is analyzed based on the number and degree of dangerous behavior.

特開2000−185676号公報JP 2000-185676 A

上記従来の技術では、車両の運転の滑らかさ度というものは検出できない。また自車の挙動の傾向しかわからないため、自車の挙動が前車の影響なのか、それとも自車単独のものなのかを判断することはできなかった。
本発明の目的は、車両の運転滑らかさ度や、自車の前車による影響度等を判断することができる運転推定装置および方法を提供することにある。
With the above conventional technique, the degree of smoothness of driving the vehicle cannot be detected. In addition, since only the tendency of the behavior of the own vehicle is known, it was impossible to determine whether the behavior of the own vehicle was the influence of the previous vehicle or the own vehicle alone.
An object of the present invention is to provide a driving estimation device and method that can determine a driving smoothness degree of a vehicle, an influence degree of a front vehicle of the host vehicle, and the like.

上記課題を解決するために、本発明は、自車と前車との車間距離取得手段と、自車速度取得手段と、車間距離と自車の速度に基づいて、前車の速度の時間に関する2階微分値を算出する車両情報算出手段と、該2階微分値に基づいて、前車の運転滑らかさ度を推定する前車の運転滑らかさ度推定手段とを有するという構成になっている。   In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, the present invention relates to the time of the speed of the preceding vehicle based on the inter-vehicle distance acquisition means, the own-vehicle speed acquisition means, and the inter-vehicle distance and the own-vehicle speed. The vehicle information calculating means for calculating the second-order differential value and the driving smoothness degree estimating means for the front vehicle for estimating the driving smoothness degree of the front car based on the second-order differential value are configured. .

本発明によれば、前車の運転滑らかさ度を推定することができる。   According to the present invention, the driving smoothness degree of the front vehicle can be estimated.

以下、図面を用いて本発明の実施の形態について詳細に説明する。なお、以下で説明する図面で、同一機能を有するものは同一符号を付け、その繰り返しの説明は省略する。
実施の形態1
以下、本発明の実施の形態1について説明する。
《構成》
まず、本実施の形態1の運転推定装置の構成について説明する。図1は本実施の形態1の運転推定装置の構成を示す機能ブロック図である。
図1に示すように、本実施の形態1の運転推定装置は、前車(自車の前方に位置する車両)と自車との車間距離取得手段101と、自車の車両速度取得手段102と、自車のペダル状態取得手段103と、自車と前車の車両情報算出手段104と、前車の運転滑らかさ度推定手段105と、自車の運転滑らかさ度推定手段106と、前車と自車比較推定手段107と、表示装置108とを備える。
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. In the drawings described below, components having the same function are denoted by the same reference numerals, and repeated description thereof is omitted.
Embodiment 1
Embodiment 1 of the present invention will be described below.
"Constitution"
First, the structure of the driving | running estimation apparatus of this Embodiment 1 is demonstrated. FIG. 1 is a functional block diagram showing the configuration of the driving estimation apparatus according to the first embodiment.
As shown in FIG. 1, the driving estimation apparatus according to the first embodiment includes an inter-vehicle distance acquisition unit 101 between a preceding vehicle (a vehicle located in front of the own vehicle) and the own vehicle, and a vehicle speed acquisition unit 102 of the own vehicle. A vehicle state calculation means 104 for the own vehicle and the preceding vehicle, a driving smoothness degree estimating means 105 for the preceding vehicle, a driving smoothness degree estimating means 106 for the own vehicle, A vehicle and own vehicle comparison / estimation means 107 and a display device 108 are provided.

車間距離取得手段101は、例えば自車の前方に向けられた、ミリ波やレーザーによる車間距離センサであり、前車と自車との車間距離(相対距離)に対応する値を出力する。
車両速度取得手段102は、例えば車両の車輪速センサであり、自車の速度に対応する値を出力する。
ペダル状態取得手段103は、自車のアクセルペダルやブレーキペダルが踏まれているか踏まれていないかの状態を検出するものである。
車両情報算出手段104は、各種センサ類、すなわち、車間距離取得手段101、車両速度取得手段102、ペダル状態取得手段103からの情報を取得し、また、前車の情報を推定するところである。
前車の運転滑らかさ度推定手段105と自車の運転滑らかさ度推定手段106は、車両情報算出手段104によって推定された前車の情報と、車両情報算出手段104によって取得された自車の情報とを使い、それぞれ前車、自車の運転滑らかさ度を算出・推定するものである。
前車と自車比較推定手段107は、前車の運転滑らかさ度推定手段105と自車の運転滑らかさ度推定手段106より出力された、前車と自車の運転滑らかさ度を比較することにより、自車の前車による影響を推定し、前車の挙動変化に対する自車の挙動変化や反応時間(前車の特徴区間と自車の特徴区間の起きる時間遅れ、時間差、あるいは反応速度)を検出するものである。これらに、現在の自車の速度や、自車と前車との車間距離を加えて判断することにより、自車を運転する運転者の状態を詳しく推定することができ、その内容に合わせて表示装置108に情報を提示する。
The inter-vehicle distance acquisition unit 101 is an inter-vehicle distance sensor that is directed to the front of the own vehicle, for example, using millimeter waves or a laser, and outputs a value corresponding to the inter-vehicle distance (relative distance) between the preceding vehicle and the own vehicle.
The vehicle speed acquisition means 102 is a vehicle wheel speed sensor, for example, and outputs a value corresponding to the speed of the host vehicle.
The pedal state acquisition means 103 detects whether the accelerator pedal or the brake pedal of the host vehicle is depressed or not.
The vehicle information calculation unit 104 acquires information from various sensors, that is, an inter-vehicle distance acquisition unit 101, a vehicle speed acquisition unit 102, and a pedal state acquisition unit 103, and estimates information on the front vehicle.
The driving smoothness degree estimating means 105 and the own driving smoothness degree estimating means 106 of the preceding vehicle are information on the preceding vehicle estimated by the vehicle information calculating means 104 and the vehicle information obtained by the vehicle information calculating means 104. Information is used to calculate and estimate the driving smoothness of the front vehicle and the vehicle.
The front vehicle and own vehicle comparison and estimation means 107 compare the driving smoothness degrees of the front vehicle and the own vehicle output from the driving smoothness degree estimation means 105 of the front vehicle and the driving smoothness degree estimation means 106 of the own vehicle. Thus, the influence of the vehicle in front of the vehicle is estimated, and the behavior change and reaction time of the vehicle with respect to the change in the behavior of the vehicle in front (the time delay, time difference, or reaction speed between the front vehicle feature section and the vehicle feature section ) Is detected. By adding the current speed of the host vehicle and the distance between the host vehicle and the preceding vehicle, the state of the driver driving the host vehicle can be estimated in detail. Information is presented on the display device 108.

《動作》
次に、本実施の形態1の運転推定装置の動作について、図2、図3を用いて説明する。図2は本実施の形態1の運転推定装置のフローチャート、図3(a)、(b)は自車と前車との関係を示す図である。図3において、10は自車、20は前車である。
まず、図2に示すように、車両情報を取得する(201)。すなわち、図3に示すような前車20がいる場合に、ある時間tにおいて、車間距離取得手段101(図1)から取得した前車と自車との車間距離Lを車両情報算出手段104によりデータ取得間隔T(ms)の時間での変化量=L(m)を算出する。
ΔL=L−Lt−1 …式1
また、自車の速度Vのデータ取得間隔Tでの変化量ΔV(km/h)を算出する。
ΔV=Vat−Vat−1 …式2
このΔVから自車の速度変化により変化した車間距離ΔL(m)を算出する。
ΔL=(ΔV×1000)/(3600×(1000/T)) …式3
このΔLとΔLから、前車の速度変化により変化した車間距離ΔL(m)を算出する。
ΔL=ΔL−ΔL …式4
このΔLから自車との相対速度ΔV(km/h)を算出する。
ΔV=(ΔL/1000)×(3600×(1000/T)) …式5
次に、過去に取得した車両情報202から前車の速度Vを算出する(203)。すなわち、上記ΔVと車両速度取得手段102から取得した自車の速度Vにより、前車の速度Vを算出する。
=V+ΔV …式6
次に、前車の運転滑らかさ度推定手段105では、車両情報算出手段104で算出された前車の速度Vをもとに、前車の運転滑らかさ度として、前車の速度の時間に関する2階微分値(以下、ジャーク値と記す)の算出を行う。速度を1階微分すると加速度が得られ、2階微分すると加速度の時間的変化が得られる。
=dA/dt=d/dt …式7
ここで、Jは前車のジャーク値、Aは前車の加速度を表す。次に、過去に算出したデータ204から、自車と前車の運転滑らかさ度として、時間tでの前車のジャーク自乗和SJ(t)を以下の式で算出する。
SJ(t)=ΣJ (t=tn−m…t) …式8
ここで、tは時間を表し、式8は前車のジャーク自乗J をtn−mからtの時間分、加算している。なお、式8において、前車のジャーク自乗J の代わりに、前車のジャーク絶対値|J|を用いてもよい。
自車の運転滑らかさ度推定手段106については、前車の運転滑らかさ度推定手段105と同じ計算を自車の速度Vで行うものである。すなわち、自車の速度Vの時間に関する2階微分値に基づいて、自車の運転滑らかさ度SJを推定する。上記により、前車の運転滑らかさ度SJと自車の運転滑らかさ度SJが算出される(205)。
<Operation>
Next, operation | movement of the driving | operation estimation apparatus of this Embodiment 1 is demonstrated using FIG. 2, FIG. FIG. 2 is a flowchart of the driving estimation apparatus of the first embodiment, and FIGS. 3A and 3B are diagrams showing the relationship between the host vehicle and the front vehicle. In FIG. 3, 10 is the own vehicle and 20 is the front vehicle.
First, as shown in FIG. 2, vehicle information is acquired (201). That is, when there is a front vehicle 20 as shown in FIG. 3, the vehicle information calculation unit 104 calculates the inter-vehicle distance L t between the front vehicle and the own vehicle acquired from the inter-vehicle distance acquisition unit 101 (FIG. 1) at a certain time t. Thus, the amount of change at the data acquisition interval T (ms) = L (m) is calculated.
ΔL = L t −L t−1 Formula 1
Further, a change amount ΔV a (km / h) at the data acquisition interval T of the speed V a of the own vehicle is calculated.
ΔV a = V at −V at−1 ... Formula 2
From this ΔV a, the inter-vehicle distance ΔL a (m) that has changed due to the speed change of the host vehicle is calculated.
ΔL a = (ΔV a × 1000) / (3600 × (1000 / T)) Equation 3
From these ΔL a and ΔL, the inter-vehicle distance ΔL b (m) that has changed due to the speed change of the preceding vehicle is calculated.
ΔL b = ΔL−ΔL a ( Formula 4)
Calculating the relative speed ΔV (km / h) between the vehicle from the [Delta] L b.
ΔV = (ΔL b / 1000) × (3600 × (1000 / T)) Equation 5
Next, the speed Vb of the preceding vehicle is calculated from the vehicle information 202 acquired in the past (203). That is, the speed V b of the front vehicle is calculated from the ΔV and the speed V a of the own vehicle acquired from the vehicle speed acquisition means 102.
V b = V a + ΔV (formula 6)
Next, the driving smoothness degree estimation means 105 of the front vehicle uses the speed Vb of the front car as the driving smoothness degree of the front car based on the speed Vb of the front car calculated by the vehicle information calculation means 104. 2nd order differential value (hereinafter referred to as jerk value) is calculated. Acceleration is obtained when the velocity is first-order differentiated, and temporal change in acceleration is obtained when the second-order derivative is obtained.
J b = dA b / dt = d 2 V b / dt 2 ... Equation 7
Here, J b is preceding vehicle jerk values, A b represents a preceding vehicle acceleration. Next, from the data 204 calculated in the past, the jerk square sum SJ b (t n ) of the preceding vehicle at time t n is calculated by the following equation as the degree of smoothness of driving of the subject vehicle and the preceding vehicle.
SJ b (t n ) = ΣJ b 2 (t = t n−m ... t n ).
Here, t represents time, and Expression 8 adds the jerk square J b 2 of the preceding vehicle for the time from t n −m to t n . In equation 8, the jerk absolute value | J b | of the front vehicle may be used instead of the jerk square J b 2 of the front vehicle.
For operating smoothness estimating means 106 of the vehicle is to perform the same calculation as the preceding vehicle driving smoothness estimating means 105 in the vehicle speed V a. That is, based on the second order differential value with respect to time of the velocity V a of the vehicle, estimates the operating smoothness degree SJ a of the vehicle. Above, the preceding vehicle driving smoothness degree SJ b and the vehicle driving smoothness degree SJ a is calculated (205).

前車と自車比較推定手段107は、上記で算出された自車と前車の運転滑らかさ度を用いて、自車の運転滑らかさ度の時系列データと前車の運転滑らかさ度の時系列データとの類似性、すなわち、前車による自車の影響度があるかないかを推定し、自車と前車の類似性を判定する(206)。
図4(a)、(b)は、自車と前車との運転滑らかさ度の関係を示す図である。(a)は前車、(b)は自車を示す。(a)において200は前車の特徴区間、(b)において100は自車の特徴区間である。なお、特徴区間とは、特徴(挙動変化)が現われる時間区間のことである。図4に示すように、前車の時系列データでの特徴区間200が自車の時系列データで特徴区間100がどのくらいの反応時間遅れて現われるかにより、自車と前車にどのくらいの類似性があるかを推定することができる。
図5は、前車からの影響度と、自車の運転滑らかさ度に基づく表示装置108における情報提示例を示す表である。
図5に示すように、前車からの影響度が高い場合については、自車の運転滑らかさ度が高い場合は、「危険なため前車注意」、自車の運転滑らかさ度が中くらいの場合は、「前車の影響を受けています」、自車の運転滑らかさ度が低い場合は、「優良表示」を提示する。
また、前車からの影響度が中くらいの高い場合については、自車の運転滑らかさ度が高い場合は、「車間を空けることを勧める」、自車の運転滑らかさ度が中くらいの場合は、「前車の影響を受けています」、自車の運転滑らかさ度が低い場合は、「優良表示」を提示する。
さらに、前車からの影響度が低い場合については、自車の運転滑らかさ度が高い場合は、「休憩を勧める」、自車の運転滑らかさ度が中くらいの場合は、「特になし」、自車の運転滑らかさ度が低い場合は、「特になし」を提示する。
前車の運転滑らかさ度で前車の挙動の怪しさを判定することができるため、前車があまり良い運転傾向でないことと、図5に示すように自車が影響を受けやすい状態にあることを提示することで、運転者により安全な運転をしてもらうために注意を促すことができる。
The preceding vehicle and own vehicle comparison and estimation means 107 uses the above-calculated driving smoothness degree of the own vehicle and the preceding vehicle to calculate the time series data of the driving smoothness degree of the own vehicle and the driving smoothness degree of the preceding vehicle. The similarity with the time series data, that is, whether there is an influence degree of the own vehicle by the preceding vehicle is estimated, and the similarity between the own vehicle and the preceding vehicle is determined (206).
FIGS. 4A and 4B are diagrams showing the relationship between the degree of driving smoothness between the host vehicle and the front vehicle. (A) shows a front vehicle and (b) shows the own vehicle. In (a), 200 is a characteristic section of the preceding vehicle, and in (b), 100 is a characteristic section of the own vehicle. Note that the feature interval is a time interval in which a feature (behavior change) appears. As shown in FIG. 4, the similarity between the own vehicle and the preceding vehicle depends on how long the feature section 200 in the time series data of the previous vehicle appears in the time series data of the own vehicle and how long the feature section 100 appears later. Can be estimated.
FIG. 5 is a table showing an example of information presentation on the display device 108 based on the influence degree from the front car and the driving smoothness degree of the own vehicle.
As shown in FIG. 5, when the degree of influence from the front car is high, if the degree of driving smoothness of the host vehicle is high, “Beware of the front car because it is dangerous”, the degree of driving smoothness of the host vehicle is moderate. In the case of, “I am influenced by the front car”, and when the driving smoothness degree of the host vehicle is low, “excellent display” is displayed.
Also, if the degree of influence from the previous car is medium, if the degree of smoothness of driving is high, it is recommended to leave a gap between the cars. If the degree of smoothness of driving is medium. “I am affected by the front car”, and when the degree of smoothness of driving is low, “good display” is displayed.
Furthermore, when the degree of influence from the previous vehicle is low, “Recommend rest” is recommended if the driving smoothness of the vehicle is high, and “None” if the driving smoothness of the vehicle is medium. When the driving smoothness degree of the own vehicle is low, “None” is presented.
Since the degree of driving smoothness of the preceding vehicle can determine the suspiciousness of the behavior of the preceding vehicle, the preceding vehicle is not so good in driving tendency and the host vehicle is susceptible to influence as shown in FIG. By presenting this fact, it is possible to call attention in order to have the driver drive safely.

上記のように本実施の形態1の運転推定装置は、運転時の自車と前車との車間距離を取得する車間距離取得手段101と、自車の速度を取得する自車速度取得手段102と、車間距離と自車の速度に基づいて、前車の速度の時間に関する2階微分値を算出する車両情報算出手段104と、前車の速度の時間に関する2階微分値に基づいて、前車の運転滑らかさ度を推定する前車の運転滑らかさ度推定手段105とを有する。また、本実施の形態1の運転推定方法は、運転時の自車と前車との車間距離を取得する車間距離取得工程と、自車の速度を取得する自車速度取得工程と、車間距離と自車の速度に基づいて、前車の速度の時間に関する2階微分値を算出する車両情報算出工程と、前車の速度の時間に関する2階微分値に基づいて、前車の運転滑らかさ度を推定する前車の運転滑らかさ度推定工程とを有する。このような構成により、自車の速度と車間距離情報より前車の加速度の変化を推定し、その挙動より前車の運転滑らかさ度を推定することができる。
また、車両情報算出手段104は、自車の速度に基づいて、自車の速度の時間に関する2階微分値をさらに算出する。そして、自車の速度の時間に関する2階微分値に基づいて、自車の運転滑らかさ度を推定する自車の運転滑らかさ度推定手段106と、前車の運転滑らかさ度と、自車の運転滑らかさ度とを時系列で比較して、自車の前車による影響度を推定する前車と自車比較推定手段107とをさらに有する。このように自車の運転滑らかさ度と前車の運転滑らかさ度を比較し、前車の運転滑らかさ度の変動が起きた後の、自車の運転滑らかさ度の変動具合を見ることにより、前車の挙動が自車にどのように影響しているのかが推定することができる。これにより、自車の挙動の不自然さが前車の影響によるものなのか、自車単独によるものなのかを推定することができる。
As described above, the driving estimation apparatus according to the first embodiment includes the inter-vehicle distance acquisition unit 101 that acquires the inter-vehicle distance between the host vehicle and the preceding vehicle during driving, and the own vehicle speed acquisition unit 102 that acquires the speed of the host vehicle. Vehicle information calculating means 104 for calculating a second-order differential value related to the speed of the preceding vehicle based on the inter-vehicle distance and the speed of the own vehicle; And a driving smoothness degree estimating means 105 for the preceding vehicle for estimating the driving smoothness degree of the vehicle. In addition, the driving estimation method according to the first embodiment includes an inter-vehicle distance acquisition step for acquiring an inter-vehicle distance between the host vehicle and the preceding vehicle during driving, an own-vehicle speed acquisition step for acquiring the speed of the own vehicle, and an inter-vehicle distance. And a vehicle information calculation step for calculating a second-order differential value related to the speed of the preceding vehicle based on the speed of the own vehicle, and a driving smoothness of the front vehicle based on a second-order differential value related to the time of the speed of the previous vehicle. And a driving smoothness degree estimation step of the front vehicle for estimating the degree. With such a configuration, it is possible to estimate a change in the acceleration of the front vehicle from the speed of the host vehicle and the inter-vehicle distance information, and it is possible to estimate the driving smoothness degree of the front vehicle from the behavior.
Moreover, the vehicle information calculation means 104 further calculates a second-order differential value related to the time of the speed of the own vehicle based on the speed of the own vehicle. Then, based on the second-order differential value relating to the speed of the own vehicle, the own driving smoothness degree estimating means 106 for estimating the own driving smoothness degree, the driving smoothness degree of the preceding vehicle, the own vehicle The driving smoothness degree of the vehicle is compared in time series, and the front vehicle for estimating the influence degree of the front vehicle of the own vehicle and the own vehicle comparison and estimation means 107 are further provided. Compare the degree of driving smoothness of the vehicle with the degree of driving smoothness of the preceding vehicle in this way, and see how the driving smoothness degree of the own vehicle changes after the fluctuation of the driving smoothness degree of the preceding vehicle occurs. Thus, it can be estimated how the behavior of the front vehicle affects the host vehicle. This makes it possible to estimate whether the unnatural behavior of the own vehicle is due to the influence of the front vehicle or the own vehicle alone.

実施の形態2
以下、本発明の実施の形態2について説明する。構成については、実施の形態1と同様であるので説明を省略する。
《動作》
本実施の形態2の運転推定装置の動作について図6、図7を用いて説明する。図6は本実施の形態2の運転推定装置のフローチャート、図7は自車の速度と、自車と前車の車間距離による反応時間との関係を示す図、図8は、表示装置108における情報提示例を示す表である。
車両情報取得(601)から前車の運転滑らかさ度と自車の運転滑らかさ度を算出するところ(605)までは、実施の形態1と同様なため、説明を省略する。
次に、前車の運転滑らかさ度推定手段105と、自車の運転滑らかさ度推定手段106から出力された前車と自車の運転滑らかさ度を、前車と自車の比較推定手段107で類似性(前車による影響度)を推定していく(606)のだが、自車の速度が高ければ反応時間は早くなる必要があり、また車間距離が短ければ反応時間が早くなる必要がある。このため、図7に示すように自車の速度と、自車と前車との車間距離に応じて前車の挙動変化に影響される大体の反応時間(時間遅れ)を推定しておき、その推定された反応時間を考慮した時間の前後で自車の運転滑らかさ度を比較し、類似性を推定することができる。すなわち、類似性があるかどうかを判定し(607)、類似性がある場合は、自車の運転滑らかさ度が高いか低いか、反応時間があらかじめ定めた範囲内か範囲外かの判定を行い(608)、各条件により情報を提示する(610)。類似性がない場合は、前車の運転滑らかさ度が高いか低いか、自車の運転滑らかさ度が高いか低いか、車間距離が近いか近くないか、反応時間があらかじめ定めた範囲内か範囲外かの判定を行い(609)、各条件により情報を提示する(610)。
Embodiment 2
The second embodiment of the present invention will be described below. Since the configuration is the same as that of the first embodiment, the description thereof is omitted.
<Operation>
The operation of the driving estimation apparatus according to the second embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 6 is a flowchart of the driving estimation apparatus according to the second embodiment, FIG. 7 is a diagram showing the relationship between the speed of the host vehicle and the reaction time depending on the distance between the host vehicle and the preceding vehicle, and FIG. It is a table | surface which shows an example of information presentation.
The steps from obtaining the vehicle information (601) to calculating the driving smoothness degree of the preceding vehicle and the driving smoothness degree of the own vehicle (605) are the same as those in the first embodiment, and thus the description thereof is omitted.
Next, the driving smoothness degree estimating means 105 of the front vehicle and the driving smoothness degrees of the front car and the own vehicle outputted from the driving smoothness degree estimating means 106 of the own vehicle are compared with the estimating means for comparing the front car and the own vehicle. The similarity (influence by the previous vehicle) is estimated at 107 (606), but if the speed of the vehicle is high, the reaction time needs to be fast, and if the inter-vehicle distance is short, the reaction time needs to be fast. There is. For this reason, as shown in FIG. 7, the approximate reaction time (time delay) that is affected by the behavior change of the front vehicle is estimated according to the speed of the own vehicle and the distance between the own vehicle and the front vehicle, The degree of similarity can be estimated by comparing the driving smoothness degree of the host vehicle before and after the estimated reaction time. That is, it is determined whether there is similarity (607). If there is similarity, it is determined whether the degree of smoothness of driving of the host vehicle is high or low, and whether the reaction time is within a predetermined range or not. Perform (608) and present information according to each condition (610). If there is no similarity, the driving smoothness level of the previous vehicle is high or low, the driving smoothness level of the host vehicle is high or low, the distance between vehicles is close or not close, and the reaction time is within a predetermined range. Is determined to be out of range (609), and information is presented according to each condition (610).

これにより、現在の速度、車間距離で反応時間が先に推定しておいた時間遅れに対して早すぎるとか遅すぎるという判断や、この速度でこの車間距離は不安全であるといった判断をすることができ、自車の運転者が急いでいるかいないかや注意の散漫度等の運転者の状態を推定することができる。これにより、図8に示すように多岐な場合で適正な車間距離や運転に集中してもらうための注意を促すことができる。
図8に示すように、前車による影響度がある場合については、自車の運転滑らかさ度が低い場合、所定の反応時間範囲外では、「車間距離を空けることを勧める。反応時間が特に長い場合は、前車への注意喚起を行う」。所定の反応時間範囲内では、「車間距離を空けることを勧める」。また、自車の運転滑らかさ度が高い場合、所定の反応時間範囲外では、「車間距離を適正範囲内にすることを勧める」。所定の反応時間範囲内では、「前車の影響を受けつつも良い運転をしているため優良表示を行う」。
また、前車による影響度がない場合については、自車の運転滑らかさ度が低い場合、「休憩を勧める」。また、自車の運転滑らかさ度が高い場合、前車の運転滑らかさ度が低い場合、「車間距離が近すぎない場合には前車の影響を受けつつも良い運転をしているため優良表示を行う」。前車の運転滑らかさ度が高い場合は、「特になし」である。
また、前車の運転滑らかさ度に特徴区間があるにもかかわらず、推定した反応時間の近傍で自車の運転滑らかさ度に類似性が見つけられない場合には、自車の運転滑らかさ度と現在の自車の速度と車間距離により、所定の閾値を越えて車間距離が近すぎないか、運転滑らかさ度が著しく低くないかを判定し、運転者が前車の挙動変化を予想して自車に影響しないようにしたのか、前車の動きを汲み取れずに車間距離が近くなりすぎたのか等の運転者の状態を推定することができ、それに応じて運転者への注意喚起や優良表示を行うことができる。
This makes it possible to judge that the reaction time is too early or too late with respect to the time delay previously estimated at the current speed and distance, and that this distance is unsafe at this speed. It is possible to estimate the driver's state such as whether the driver of the own vehicle is in a hurry or the degree of distraction. As a result, as shown in FIG. 8, attention can be urged to concentrate on the appropriate inter-vehicle distance and driving in various cases.
As shown in FIG. 8, when there is an influence degree due to the front car, when the degree of driving smoothness of the own vehicle is low, “outside the vehicle distance is recommended. If it is long, alert the front car. " Within the specified reaction time range, “We recommend that you keep the distance between vehicles.” In addition, when the degree of driving smoothness of the vehicle is high, it is recommended that the inter-vehicle distance be within an appropriate range outside the predetermined reaction time range. Within a predetermined reaction time range, “the display is excellent because the vehicle is driving well while being affected by the previous vehicle”.
In the case where there is no influence by the front car, if the driving smoothness of the host vehicle is low, “recommend rest”. Also, when the driving smoothness level of the host vehicle is high, the driving smoothness level of the preceding vehicle is low, “If the inter-vehicle distance is not too close, it is excellent because it is driving well while being influenced by the preceding vehicle. Display ". If the driving smoothness of the front car is high, it is “None”.
In addition, when there is a characteristic section in the driving smoothness degree of the preceding vehicle, if no similarity is found in the driving smoothness degree of the own vehicle in the vicinity of the estimated reaction time, the driving smoothness of the own vehicle The driver predicts the change in the behavior of the front vehicle by determining whether the distance between the vehicles exceeds the predetermined threshold and the distance between the vehicles is not too close or the degree of smoothness of driving is not extremely low. It is possible to estimate the driver's condition, such as whether to prevent the vehicle from affecting the vehicle, or whether the distance between the vehicles is too close without being able to capture the movement of the previous vehicle, and alert the driver accordingly. And excellent display.

上記のように本実施の形態2では、前車と自車比較推定手段107は、自車が前車に影響を受けやすい距離にいるかいないか等の影響度、自車の反応時間、自車の運転滑らかさ度、前車の運転滑らかさ度に応じて、自車の運転者が急いでいるかいないか等の運転者の状態を推定するようになっている。前車の挙動の影響は、前車との車間距離が短い方、また速度域が高い方が受けやすいと考えられる。そのため、前車の突発的な挙動変化に対して、車間距離が短いあるいは速度域が高いにもかかわらず、ほとんど影響を受けていない、あるいは反応時間が長いなど、注意力散漫状態を推定することができる。
また、前車の運転滑らかさ度、影響度、運転者の状態により、運転者に所定のメッセージを提示する提示手段をさらに有する。これにより上記のように推定された情報により、運転者の運転を前車から影響を受けにくくするためや、注意を呼び起こすために、運転者に対して安全運転をするように促すことができる。なお、メッセージの提示は、画面の表示に限らず、音声や音による提示であってもよい。
As described above, in the second embodiment, the front vehicle and the own vehicle comparison / estimating means 107 determine the degree of influence such as whether or not the own vehicle is at a distance susceptible to the previous vehicle, the reaction time of the own vehicle, the own vehicle The state of the driver, such as whether or not the driver of the own vehicle is in a hurry, is estimated according to the degree of driving smoothness and the degree of driving smoothness of the preceding vehicle. It is considered that the influence of the behavior of the front vehicle is more likely to occur when the distance between the vehicle and the front vehicle is shorter or the speed range is higher. For this reason, it is necessary to estimate a state of distracting attention due to sudden changes in the behavior of the front vehicle, such as being almost unaffected or having a long reaction time despite the short distance between cars or the high speed range. Can do.
Moreover, it further has a presentation means for presenting a predetermined message to the driver according to the driving smoothness degree, the influence degree, and the state of the driver of the front vehicle. As a result, the information estimated as described above can prompt the driver to drive safely in order to make the driver's driving less susceptible to the influence of the vehicle in front or to call attention. The presentation of the message is not limited to the display on the screen, and may be presented by voice or sound.

実施の形態3
以下、本発明の実施の形態3について説明する。構成については、実施の形態1と同様であるので説明を省略する。
《動作》
本実施の形態3の運転推定装置の動作について図9を用いて説明する。図9は本実施の形態3の運転推定装置のフローチャートである。
車両情報取得(901)から自車と前車の運転滑らかさ度を算出するところ(905)までは、実施の形態1と同様なため、説明を省略する。
本実施の形態3では、渋滞という微低速もしくは発進停止を繰り返すような特殊環境での前車と自車との関係性を見ることで、渋滞時の運転者の状態を推定するものである。自車の速度と車間距離が所定の閾値内で渋滞かどうかを判定し(907)、渋滞でないと判定された場合は、他の実施の形態1(図2)、実施の形態2(図6)を参照。渋滞と判定された場合には、前車の運転滑らかさ度推定手段105と自車の運転滑らかさ度推定手段106により算出された前車、自車の運転滑らかさ度から前車と自車比較推定手段107にて、前車と自車との車間距離の変動をどのぐらい許容しているか、前車の特徴区間に対して自車がどのくらいの反応時間を許しているか、自車の運転滑らかさ度が高いか低いかにより、渋滞時の運転者の状態を推定し(909)、所定の情報を提示する(910)。具体的には、例えば、反応時間や車間距離をできるだけ短くする方向にしている場合、早く渋滞から抜けたがっている、他車が割り込んでこないようにガードしていると判断でき、加えて運転滑らかさ度が低い場合は、イライラもしくは焦っていると渋滞時の運転者の状態を判断することができる。これにより、渋滞情報を提示するなどして運転者の無駄な労力を減らすことを促すことができる。
Embodiment 3
The third embodiment of the present invention will be described below. Since the configuration is the same as that of the first embodiment, the description thereof is omitted.
<Operation>
The operation of the driving estimation apparatus according to the third embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 9 is a flowchart of the driving estimation apparatus according to the third embodiment.
The steps from obtaining vehicle information (901) to calculating the degree of driving smoothness of the host vehicle and the preceding vehicle (905) are the same as in the first embodiment, and thus the description thereof is omitted.
In the third embodiment, the state of the driver at the time of traffic jam is estimated by looking at the relationship between the vehicle in front and the own vehicle in a special environment where the traffic is very slow or the vehicle starts and stops repeatedly. It is determined whether the speed of the vehicle and the distance between the vehicles are within a predetermined threshold (907). If it is determined that there is no traffic, the other embodiments 1 (FIG. 2) and 2 (FIG. 6) are determined. See). When it is determined that the traffic is congested, the front vehicle and the host vehicle are calculated based on the driving smoothness degree of the front vehicle and the host vehicle calculated by the driving smoothness degree estimating unit 105 and the driving smoothness degree estimating unit 106 of the host vehicle. In the comparative estimation means 107, how much the variation in the distance between the front vehicle and the host vehicle is allowed, how much reaction time the host vehicle allows for the characteristic section of the front vehicle, and the driving of the host vehicle Based on whether the degree of smoothness is high or low, the state of the driver at the time of traffic jam is estimated (909), and predetermined information is presented (910). Specifically, for example, when the reaction time and the distance between the vehicles are set to be as short as possible, it can be determined that the vehicle wants to get out of the traffic quickly and that the vehicle is guarding to prevent other vehicles from getting in. When the degree is low, it is possible to determine the state of the driver at the time of traffic congestion if frustrated or impatient. As a result, it is possible to prompt the driver to reduce unnecessary labor by presenting traffic jam information.

このように本実施の形態3では、前車と自車比較推定手段107は、道路の渋滞時に微少距離での発進停止を繰り返す場合、車間距離、反応時間、自車の運転滑らかさ度に基づいて、渋滞時の運転者の状態を推定するようになっている。これにより、渋滞時における前車との車間距離や前車の挙動に対してどのくらいの遅れ(反応時間)を許容できるか、およびその反応後の運転円滑度により、その運転者がどのくらい急いでいるか等の運転者の状態を推定することができる。
なお、以上説明した実施の形態は、本発明の理解を容易にするために記載されたものであって、本発明を限定するために記載されたものではない。したがって、上記実施の形態に開示された各要素は、本発明の技術的範囲に属する全ての設計変更や均等物をも含む趣旨である。
As described above, in the third embodiment, the front vehicle and the own vehicle comparison and estimation means 107 are based on the inter-vehicle distance, the reaction time, and the degree of smoothness of driving of the own vehicle when repeatedly starting and stopping at a minute distance when the road is congested. Thus, the driver's condition at the time of traffic jam is estimated. As a result, how much delay (reaction time) is allowed with respect to the distance between the vehicle and the behavior of the vehicle in a traffic jam and how quickly the driver is driven by the smoothness of driving after the reaction. The state of the driver can be estimated.
The embodiment described above is described in order to facilitate understanding of the present invention, and is not described in order to limit the present invention. Therefore, each element disclosed in the above embodiment includes all design changes and equivalents belonging to the technical scope of the present invention.

本発明の実施の形態1の運転推定装置の構成を示す機能ブロック図である。It is a functional block diagram which shows the structure of the driving | running estimation apparatus of Embodiment 1 of this invention. 本発明の実施の形態1の運転推定装置のフローチャートである。It is a flowchart of the driving | running estimation apparatus of Embodiment 1 of this invention. 本発明の実施の形態1における自車と前車との関係を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the relationship between the own vehicle and front vehicle in Embodiment 1 of this invention. 本発明の実施の形態1における自車と前車との運転滑らかさ度の関係を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the relationship of the driving | running | working smoothness degree of the own vehicle and front vehicle in Embodiment 1 of this invention. 本発明の実施の形態1における前車からの影響度と、自車の運転滑らかさ度に基づく情報提示例を示す表である。It is a table | surface which shows the example of information presentation based on the influence degree from the front vehicle in Embodiment 1 of this invention, and the driving | running | working smoothness degree of the own vehicle. 本発明の実施の形態2の運転推定装置のフローチャートである。It is a flowchart of the driving | running estimation apparatus of Embodiment 2 of this invention. 本発明の実施の形態2における自車の速度と、自車と前車の車間距離による反応時間との関係を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the relationship between the speed of the own vehicle in Embodiment 2 of this invention, and the reaction time by the distance between the own vehicle and the front vehicle. 本発明の実施の形態2における情報提示例を示す表である。It is a table | surface which shows the example of information presentation in Embodiment 2 of this invention. 本発明の実施の形態3の運転推定装置のフローチャートである。It is a flowchart of the driving | running estimation apparatus of Embodiment 3 of this invention.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

10…車 20…前車
100…自車の特徴区間
101…車間距離取得手段 102…車両速度取得手段
103…ペダル状態取得手段 104…車両情報算出手段
105…前車の運転滑らかさ度推定手段
106…自車の運転滑らかさ度推定手段
107…前車と自車比較推定手段 108…表示装置
200…前車の特徴区間
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Car 20 ... Front vehicle 100 ... Characteristic section 101 of own vehicle ... Inter-vehicle distance acquisition means 102 ... Vehicle speed acquisition means 103 ... Pedal state acquisition means 104 ... Vehicle information calculation means 105 ... Driving smoothness degree estimation means 106 of the front vehicle ... Driving smoothness degree estimation means 107 of own vehicle ... Front vehicle and own vehicle comparison estimation means 108 ... Display device 200 ... Characteristic section of front vehicle

Claims (6)

運転時の自車と前車との車間距離を取得する車間距離取得手段と、
前記自車の速度を取得する自車速度取得手段と、
前記車間距離と前記自車の速度に基づいて、前記前車の速度の時間に関する2階微分値を算出する車両情報算出手段と、
前記前車の速度の時間に関する2階微分値に基づいて、前記前車の運転滑らかさ度を推定する前車の運転滑らかさ度推定手段と、
を有することを特徴とする運転推定装置。
An inter-vehicle distance acquisition means for acquiring an inter-vehicle distance between the host vehicle and the preceding vehicle during driving;
Own vehicle speed acquisition means for acquiring the speed of the own vehicle;
Vehicle information calculation means for calculating a second-order differential value related to the time of the speed of the preceding vehicle based on the inter-vehicle distance and the speed of the host vehicle;
A driving smoothness degree estimating means for the front car for estimating the driving smoothness degree of the front car based on a second-order differential value related to the time of the speed of the front car;
The driving | running estimation apparatus characterized by having.
前記車両情報算出手段は、前記自車の速度に基づいて、前記自車の速度の時間に関する2階微分値をさらに算出し、
前記自車の速度の時間に関する2階微分値に基づいて、前記自車の運転滑らかさ度を推定する自車の運転滑らかさ度推定手段と、
前記前車の運転滑らかさ度と、前記自車の運転滑らかさ度とを時系列で比較して、前記自車の前記前車による影響度を推定する前車と自車比較推定手段と、
をさらに有することを特徴とする請求項1記載の運転推定装置。
The vehicle information calculation means further calculates a second-order differential value related to the time of the speed of the own vehicle based on the speed of the own vehicle,
Based on a second-order differential value related to the time of the speed of the own vehicle, the driving smoothness degree estimating means for the own vehicle for estimating the driving smoothness degree of the own vehicle;
Comparing the driving smoothness degree of the front vehicle and the driving smoothness degree of the own vehicle in time series, the front vehicle and the own vehicle comparison estimating means for estimating the degree of influence of the own vehicle by the front vehicle,
The driving estimation apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising:
前記前車と自車比較推定手段は、
前記影響度、前記自車の反応時間、前記自車の運転滑らかさ度、前記前車の運転滑らかさ度に応じて、前記運転者の状態を推定することを特徴とする請求項2記載の運転推定装置。
The front vehicle and the vehicle comparison estimation means are:
The state of the driver is estimated according to the influence degree, the reaction time of the own vehicle, the driving smoothness degree of the own vehicle, and the driving smoothness degree of the front vehicle. Driving estimation device.
前記前車と自車比較推定手段は、
道路の渋滞時に微少距離での発進停止を繰り返す場合、前記車間距離、前記反応時間、前記自車の運転滑らかさ度に基づいて、渋滞時の前記運転者の状態を推定することを特徴とする請求項3記載の運転推定装置。
The front vehicle and the vehicle comparison estimation means are:
When repeatedly starting and stopping at a minute distance during traffic jams on the road, the driver's state at the time of traffic jam is estimated based on the inter-vehicle distance, the reaction time, and the degree of driving smoothness of the host vehicle. The driving | running estimation apparatus of Claim 3.
前記前車の運転滑らかさ度、前記影響度、前記運転者の状態により、前記運転者に所定のメッセージを提示する提示手段をさらに有することを特徴とする請求項1乃至4のいずか記載の運転推定装置。   5. The display device according to claim 1, further comprising a presentation unit that presents a predetermined message to the driver according to the degree of smoothness of driving, the degree of influence, and the state of the driver. Driving estimation device. 運転時の自車と前車との車間距離を取得する車間距離取得工程と、
前記自車の速度を取得する自車速度取得工程と、
前記車間距離と前記自車の速度に基づいて、前記前車の速度の時間に関する2階微分値を算出する車両情報算出工程と、
前記前車の速度の時間に関する2階微分値に基づいて、前記前車の運転滑らかさ度を推定する前車の運転滑らかさ度推定工程と、
を有することを特徴とする運転推定方法。
An inter-vehicle distance acquisition step of acquiring an inter-vehicle distance between the host vehicle and the preceding vehicle during driving;
A vehicle speed acquisition step of acquiring the speed of the vehicle;
A vehicle information calculation step of calculating a second-order differential value related to the time of the speed of the preceding vehicle based on the inter-vehicle distance and the speed of the host vehicle;
A driving smoothness degree estimation step of the front vehicle for estimating a driving smoothness degree of the front car based on a second-order differential value related to the time of the speed of the front car;
The driving | running estimation method characterized by having.
JP2004212439A 2004-07-21 2004-07-21 Driving estimation device and method Pending JP2006031572A (en)

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2007148788A (en) * 2005-11-28 2007-06-14 Toyota Motor Corp Driving support device
JP2007334548A (en) * 2006-06-14 2007-12-27 Nissan Motor Co Ltd Stop position detecting device, vehicle equipped with the stop position detecting device, and stop position detection method
JP2012203869A (en) * 2011-03-28 2012-10-22 Nissan Motor Co Ltd Travel evaluation device

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2007148788A (en) * 2005-11-28 2007-06-14 Toyota Motor Corp Driving support device
JP2007334548A (en) * 2006-06-14 2007-12-27 Nissan Motor Co Ltd Stop position detecting device, vehicle equipped with the stop position detecting device, and stop position detection method
JP2012203869A (en) * 2011-03-28 2012-10-22 Nissan Motor Co Ltd Travel evaluation device

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