JP2006027477A - Rolling stock doorway height adjustment system for barrier free - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To make getting-on and off a rolling stock for passengers barrier free. <P>SOLUTION: The doorway height adjustment system for the rolling stock is provided with air springs supporting a vehicle body frame at the right and left of the front and rear bogies. The doorway height adjustment system is provided with a distance sensor near the doorway of the vehicle, measures the linear distance between the distance sensor and the upper surface of a platform, measures a vehicle inclined angle with a vehicle inclined angle sensor, calculates the vertical distance between the distance sensor and the upper surface of the platform by the measurement data of the linear distance between the distance sensor and the upper surface and the measurement data of the vehicle inclined angle, calculates a step between the upper surface of the platform and the platform side edge of the doorway by the vertical distance between the distance sensor and the upper surface of the platform, and adjusts the spring height of the air springs of the platform side so that the step between the upper surface of the platform and the platform side edge of the doorway becomes zero. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a railroad vehicle entrance / exit height adjustment system for barrier-free, and by making the entrance / exit height of a railroad vehicle substantially match the platform height, a step between the platform and the entrance / exit of the railcar is provided. It is intended to prevent people from getting in and out of wheelchairs.

The height of the platform differs depending on the route, and the height of the vehicle entrance / exit differs depending on the train.
In addition, when the platform is curved, the stopped vehicle is inclined according to the trajectory of the track.
In recent years, it has been stipulated by law that the level difference between the platform and the floor of the vehicle doorway must be as small as possible in order to make barrier-free between the railway vehicle and the platform (passenger facilities necessary for smooth movement). In addition, it is required to take appropriate measures so as to comply with this law.
On the other hand, mutual entry operation between routes is performed, and for this reason, the same train travels on other routes having different platform heights. Thus, when traveling on different routes, there is a possibility that the height of the platform and the height of the floor of the passenger entrance / exit are greatly different.
Furthermore, in most passenger vehicles, four air springs, front, rear, left and right, are interposed between the body frame and the carriage so as to automatically adjust the height and inclination of the vehicle.

Under the circumstances described above, inventions aiming to meet the above requirements are described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open Nos. 8-175383 and 3395650.
JP-A-8-175383 described above stores the platform height for each station in a storage circuit in advance, reads the platform height information from the station name information, and obtains the vehicle height sensor value on the bogie center line of the vehicle. The vehicle height is adjusted to reduce the level difference between the platform and the floor of the vehicle entrance / exit.
The floor height of the vehicle varies depending on the type of train, the track condition varies depending on the route, and the level difference reaches +10 mm depending on the track condition depending on the vehicle. Therefore, even if the platform height data with respect to the track is stored in each vehicle, the calculation and control conditions for eliminating the steps are different for each vehicle, so various preparations are required. In particular, since this uses the vehicle height sensor value on the bogie center line, it is inevitable that a step with respect to the platform due to the inclination of the vehicle remains.

What is described in Japanese Patent No. 3395650 restricts the control time for lowering the floor within a certain time when the floor of the stopped vehicle is higher than the platform regardless of the conditions.
That is, the adjustment amount of the vehicle floor height is, for example, 40 mm at the maximum, and depending on the track conditions, it may be about 50-100 mm higher than the platform. In such a case, even if the vehicle floor is lowered to the maximum, The step cannot be eliminated.

Japanese Patent Publication No. 7-57605 discloses a vehicle body control method for a railway vehicle that controls the vehicle height so as to reduce the level difference between the platform and the vehicle floor. In this system, a marker indicating the home height is attached to the platform, the display content of the marker is read by a contact-type detector provided under the vehicle floor, and the internal pressure of the air spring is controlled to control the vehicle floor height. To lower. In this case, it is not easy to provide a marker for displaying the home height on the platform, and it is necessary to periodically maintain and inspect the display by the marker.
JP-A-8-175383 Japanese Patent No. 3395650 Japanese Patent Publication No. 7-57605

  An object of the present invention is to provide a barrier-free way for passengers to enter and exit a railway vehicle. For a railway vehicle having front, rear, left, and right air springs, the height of the platform side edge of the entrance of the vehicle is set to the home using the air spring. By adjusting the height adjustment method of the doorway of the vehicle with an air spring so that the height adjustment range can be increased and the height adjustment can be performed quickly and accurately is there.

[Solution 1]
Means 1 for solving the above-mentioned problem is as follows regarding an entrance / exit height adjustment system for a railway vehicle having air springs on the left and right of the front and rear carriages and supporting the vehicle body frame with these air springs. ) To (e).
(B) A distance sensor is provided near the entrance of the vehicle, and a linear distance between the distance sensor and the platform upper surface is measured;
(B) measuring the vehicle tilt angle with a vehicle tilt angle sensor;
(C) calculating the vertical distance between the distance sensor and the platform upper surface from the measurement data of the linear distance between the distance sensor and the platform upper surface and the measurement data of the vehicle inclination angle;
(D) calculating the step between the platform upper surface and the platform side edge of the doorway by the vertical distance between the distance sensor and the platform upper surface;
(E) Adjust the spring height of the platform-side air spring so that the level difference between the platform upper surface and the platform side edge of the entrance / exit is zero. (Do not control the height of the air spring on the non-platform side or stop at the station. Keep the air spring height of the hour).

[Action]
The level difference between the platform upper surface and the platform side edge of the doorway is detected by the above requirements (a), (b), (c), and (d), and the spring height of the platform side air spring is adjusted by the above requirement (e). The step is adjusted to zero and held at zero.
The height of the platform side air spring is adjusted by tilting the floor of the vehicle by adjusting the spring height of the platform side air spring. The air spring height on the non-platform side is not controlled, or the air spring height when the station stops is maintained. Since the air spring is located substantially on the vehicle center side than the home side edge of the doorway, the height adjustment amount of the home side edge of the doorway is larger than the adjustment amount of the spring height of the air spring. Therefore, the height of the platform side edge of the entrance / exit is adjusted more quickly and greatly than that in which the floor of the vehicle is moved up and down in parallel.

[Solution 2]
Means 2 for solving the above-mentioned problem is as follows regarding the entrance / exit height adjustment system of a railway vehicle having air springs on the left and right of the front and rear carriages and supporting the vehicle body frame with these air springs. ) To (c).
(A) A large number of photoelectric sensors directed to the outside in the horizontal direction, that is, distance detection ON / OFF type photoelectric sensors are arranged in the vertical direction and attached to the side of the vehicle.
(B) From the positional relationship between the multiple photoelectric sensors and the entrance / exit, based on the ON signal of the photoelectric sensor located below the upper surface of the platform and the OFF signal of the photoelectric sensor located above, the platform upper surface and the entrance / exit home Calculate the step with the side edge,
(C) Adjust the spring height of the platform-side air spring so that the level difference between the platform top surface and the platform-side edge of the doorway becomes zero. Or adjust the height of the air spring on the opposite side of the platform at the same time.

[Action]
The level difference between the platform upper surface and the platform side edge of the doorway is detected by the above requirements (a) and (b), and the spring height of the platform side air spring is adjusted by the above requirement (c) to adjust the level difference to zero. And held at zero. As a method of inclining the floor of the vehicle, the height of the platform side air spring is adjusted to adjust the height of the platform side edge of the doorway. Alternatively, the height of the air spring on the side opposite to the platform side is adjusted simultaneously. Since the air spring is located substantially on the vehicle center side than the home side edge of the doorway, the height adjustment amount of the home side edge of the doorway is larger than the adjustment amount of the spring height of the air spring. Therefore, the height of the platform side edge of the entrance / exit is adjusted more quickly and greatly than that in which the floor of the vehicle is moved up and down in parallel.

[Embodiment 1]
Embodiment 1 is the following (f) regarding the railcar entrance / exit height adjustment system according to the means 1 and 2 described above.
(F) Adjust the spring height of the air spring on the platform side so that the level difference between the platform upper surface and the platform side edge of the doorway becomes zero.

[Action]
A level difference between the platform upper surface and the platform side edge of the doorway is detected, and the spring height of the platform side air spring is adjusted. For example, when the distance L between the left and right air springs is 1750 mm, the vehicle width W is 2750 mm, and the spring height adjustment allowance of the air spring on the platform side is, for example, 30 mm, the vehicle floor is left and right by adjusting the height of the air spring. The height of the side edge of the platform at the doorway is adjusted by 47 mm.

[Embodiment 2]
Embodiment 2 is to adjust the spring height of the air spring on the platform side and the spring height of the air spring on the opposite side at the same time with respect to the entrance / exit height adjustment system of the railway vehicle by the solving means 1 and 2. .

[Action]
A level difference between the platform upper surface and the platform side edge of the doorway is detected, and the spring height of the platform side air spring is adjusted.
In addition to adjusting the spring height of the platform-side air spring, when the spring height of the air spring on the side opposite to the platform side is adjusted, the vehicle floor is further tilted.
If the level difference between the platform and the platform side edge of the doorway is large and it is not possible to eliminate the level difference simply by adjusting the spring height of the platform-side air spring, adjust the spring height of the air spring on the opposite side of the home side. Thus, the vehicle body can be further tilted, and the height adjustment amount of the platform side edge of the doorway can be further increased.
For example, when the distance L between the left and right air springs is 1750 mm, the vehicle width W is 2750 mm, and the spring height adjustment allowance of the air spring on the platform side is, for example, 30 mm, the height of the air spring adjusts the vehicle floor The height of the side edge of the platform at the doorway is adjusted by 47 mm. On the other hand, when the spring height adjustment allowance of the air spring on the side opposite to the platform side is, for example, 30 mm, the height of the platform side edge of the doorway is adjusted by 47 mm by adjusting the height of the air spring. By adjusting the height of both air springs, the height of the platform side edge of the doorway is adjusted by 94 mm.

[Embodiment 3]
Embodiment 3 relates to the railroad vehicle entrance / exit height adjustment system according to solutions 1 and 2 and embodiment 1, and the internal pressure of the air spring, the air spring after the train enters the platform and the step of the entrance / exit is eliminated. The height is measured, the amount of deflection of the shaft spring is calculated based on the amount of change in these measured values, and the amount of change in the air spring height and the amount of spring height of the shaft spring is calculated. Based on this, the spring height of the air spring is adjusted, and the step of the doorway with respect to the platform is adjusted to almost zero until the passenger gets on and off.

[Action]
Normally, when passengers get on and off the station platform, the load condition varies in various cases, from full to empty, empty to full, full to empty to full, and the deflection of the shaft spring changes by about 20mm to 30mm. To do. The amount of shaft spring deflection is estimated from the relationship between the amount of shaft spring deflection and the pressure in the air spring (changes depending on the load on the vehicle body), and the air spring is expanded or contracted accordingly, so that the floor height from the rail surface is increased. Control is performed to keep the distance constant (regardless of whether passengers get on or off). (Figure 3)
An air spring generally used in a railway vehicle has a characteristic that when the load applied to the air spring is the same, when the air spring expands, the internal pressure increases with the height of the air spring.
When maintaining the vehicle body floor height constant when the station is stopped, calculate the air spring top load from the air spring internal pressure, and estimate the shaft spring deflection from the relationship of calculating the shaft spring deflection from the air spring top load. . However, since the above relationship is based on the assumption that the height of the air spring does not change, the above relationship is considered in consideration of fluctuations in the internal pressure due to expansion and contraction of the air spring due to fluctuations in the air spring height. Need to be corrected.
The air spring internal pressure information is also used in a variable load device (estimating the air spring top load and controlling the braking force so as to keep the deceleration constant) in a railway vehicle. For this reason, if the correction is performed at a stage before the vehicle stops, the air spring internal pressure is affected, and the load response device erroneously estimates the load and generates a large braking force. Therefore, it must be done after stopping.

  As described above, the present invention adjusts the spring height of the air spring to incline the vehicle floor to the left and right, adjusts the height of the platform side edge of the doorway, and makes the height the same as the platform. Therefore, the height adjustment amount of the platform side edge of the doorway can be made larger than the spring height adjustment amount of the air spring, and this adjustment can be made quickly and easily.

  Railway vehicles are often lower in platform than vehicle floors, according to conventional standards. A description will be given with reference to the drawings of the embodiment in which the platform is linear, the reference floor height is higher than the platform, and the step X1 is 40 mm.

When the air spring height is automatically controlled so as to enter the linear platform and stop, and the floor height becomes the reference height, the state shown in FIG. 1 is obtained.
The distance L between the left and right air springs 5, 5 ′ of the vehicle T of the embodiment is 1750 mm, and the vehicle width W is 2750 mm. In the vicinity of the entrance of the vehicle T, the height B from the entrance floor is B: 2000 mm. A distance sensor 1 using light is provided. Light is emitted from the distance sensor 1 and the reflected light from the platform is caught, so that a linear distance A1 from the distance sensor 1 to the upper surface of the platform is measured.
The light emission angle α is adjusted to 10 degrees so that the light emitted from the distance sensor 1 is irradiated about 360 mm from the edge Pe of the platform P.
The inclination angle of the vehicle is measured by the inclination angle sensor 2, but when this inclination angle is zero, the step X between the platform P and the floor of the entrance / exit of the vehicle is calculated by X1 = A1 × cos α−B.

When the vehicle is inclined at an inclination angle Θ, calculation is performed by X2 = A2 × cos (α−Θ) −BcosΘ (FIG. 2).
In the first embodiment, when the train enters the platform and stops, the distance sensor 1 starts to operate, and the height of the air spring is adjusted for zero step. If the air spring height does not reach the target value even after a certain time (a certain time that is restricted due to the relationship with the stopping time, etc.), the spring height is raised and lowered, and the air spring height is adjusted at that position. Hold.
When the spring height h of the air spring 5 at the reference vehicle height level is 230 mm, for example, and the air spring 5 is lowered to the minimum spring height of 200 mm, the floor of the vehicle T is about 1.0 degrees to the left. It tilts and the left edge (platform side edge) drops by 47 mm (FIG. 4).

  As a method of inclining the floor of the vehicle using the spring height of the air spring 5 on the platform P side, the height of the platform-side air spring is adjusted by adjusting the spring height of the platform-side air spring. Alternatively, the height of the air spring on the side opposite to the platform side is adjusted simultaneously.

Next, a second embodiment (a specific example of the solving means 2) will be described.
A large number of optical sensors 10-1 to 10-n are arranged in the vertical direction in the vicinity of both doorways on the side of the vehicle body. The optical distance sensors 10-1 to 10-n are arranged in a straight line with a pitch of 5 mm, and this arrangement is arranged in a range of 50 mm above the height position of the vehicle body entrance and exit and in a range of 50 mm below. .
Each of the optical distance sensors 10-1 to 10-n emits horizontal light, detects reflected light from the front end surface of the platform, and measures the distance from the sensor to the front end surface of the platform.
When the vehicle T is in the state of FIG. 6, among the optical distance sensors 10-1 to 10-n arranged in the vertical direction, the boundary between the one that detects the reflected light from the tip surface of the platform P and the one that does not detect it. Thus, the position of the upper surface of the platform P is discriminated, and thereby the step X between the platform P and the platform-side edge of the doorway (the vehicle body floor surface D in FIG. 6) is detected. That is, in the example of FIG. 6, it is determined that the upper surface of the platform P exists at an intermediate position between the fourth from the top and the fifth from the top where the reflected light is not detected. The difference between the intermediate position and the vehicle body floor D is the level difference X. The detection error at this time is 1/2 of the pitch A (5 mm in this example) of the optical distance sensors 10-1 to 10-n, that is, 2.5 mm, which is equal to zero.
When the level difference is detected as described above, the platform-side air spring 5 is contracted or the opposite-side air spring 5 'is extended to tilt the vehicle in the same manner as in the first and second embodiments. To make the step X zero.

Note that when the vehicle T stops in a state where the vehicle T is inclined to the platform side (at most 2 degrees or less), the light from the optical distance sensors 10-1 to 10-n is inclined obliquely downward, and the reflected light hits the surface of the platform. May be detected by the optical sensor. However, since the distance from the optical distance sensor to the reflective surface is measured, by setting a threshold value for the distance to this anti-slope, by cutting more than the threshold value, the platform upper surface becomes a reflective surface, False detection can be prevented. Incidentally, when the vehicle inclination angle is 2 degrees, the reflection position under the condition of FIG. 7 is a position of 51.4 mm from the front end surface of the platform.
Further, since the light beam from the optical distance sensor is inclined, the optical distance sensor above the platform upper surface level may erroneously detect the platform front end surface. At this time, the detection error due to the inclination of the vehicle body (for example, 2 degrees) is 0.7 mm under the conditions shown in FIG.

Next, Embodiment 3 will be described with reference to FIG.
In the third embodiment, after measuring the step when the vehicle enters the platform P and stops using the distance sensor 1 of the first embodiment, the floor height of the subsequent doorway is determined from the spring pressure of the air spring. The spring height is adjusted by estimating the fluctuation.
In a railway vehicle equipped with an air spring and adjusting the level by controlling the air pressure, in order to eliminate the level difference from the platform, the air is exhausted from the air springs 5 and 5 'to lower the spring height h, and Level control is performed with reference to the spring height in a state where the step X is eliminated. Thereafter, the load applied to the air spring fluctuates as passengers get on and off, and during that time, the amount of deflection of the shaft spring becomes 20 to 30 mm. The amount of deflection of the shaft springs 8 and 8 'is estimated from the relationship between the amount of deflection of the shaft springs 8 and 8' and the pressure in the air spring, and the air spring is expanded or contracted by that amount, so that the floor from the rail surface is expanded. Control to keep the surface height constant (regardless of whether passengers get on or off). An air spring generally used in a railway vehicle has a characteristic that when the load applied to the air spring is the same, when the air spring expands, the internal pressure increases with the height of the air spring.
When maintaining the vehicle body floor height constant when the station is stopped, calculate the air spring top load from the air spring internal pressure, and estimate the shaft spring deflection from the relationship of calculating the shaft spring deflection from the air spring top load. . However, since the above relationship is based on the assumption that the height of the air spring does not change, the above relationship is considered in consideration of fluctuations in the internal pressure due to expansion and contraction of the air spring due to fluctuations in the air spring height. Need to be corrected.

Since the pressure of the air spring and the height of the air spring are measured by the respective sensors 11 and 12, the load F is estimated from the measured value and the spring characteristic 13 of the air spring, and the load F and the shaft spring 8, A spring deflection amount δ is calculated and calculated from the spring characteristics of 8 ′. The difference between the spring deflection amount δi when the step is first eliminated and the subsequent spring deflection amount δ is the subsequent step X at the entrance / exit with respect to the platform P.
The adjustment reference value of the height of the air spring is adjusted so as to compensate for the difference (δi−δ) of the deflection amount, and the height h of the air spring is controlled based on the adjustment reference value.
By doing in the above way, the above-mentioned level difference X can be controlled to zero until the passenger gets on and off after stopping.

These are the schematic diagrams which show the state before level | step difference adjustment in Example 1. FIG. These are the schematic diagrams which show the state after level | step difference adjustment in Example 1. FIG. These are the flowcharts which show the level | step difference detection in Example 3, and level | step difference correction | amendment. (A) is a front view of a railway vehicle showing an arrangement of air springs and shaft springs and showing a state before level difference adjustment, and (b) is a rail car showing a state where level difference adjustment is performed only by the air spring on the platform side. FIG. (A) is a front view of a railway vehicle showing the arrangement of air springs and shaft springs and showing the state before level difference adjustment, and (b) is level adjustment between the air spring on the platform side and the air spring on the opposite side. FIG. These are the schematic diagrams which show the state before level | step difference adjustment in Example 2. FIG. These are explanatory drawings of the detection error of the platform front end face according to the second embodiment.

Explanation of symbols

1: Distance sensor 2: Inclination angle sensor 5, 5 ': Air spring 8, 8': Shaft spring 11: Air spring pressure sensor 12: Spring height sensor of air spring 13: Spring characteristic of air spring 14: Shaft spring Spring characteristics h: Spring height of the air spring L: Spacing between the left and right air springs P: Platform Pe: Platform edge W: Railcar width X: Step difference of the entrance / exit with respect to the platform P F: Load applied to the air spring δ: Shaft spring Deflection amount

Claims (6)

In the entrance / exit height adjustment system of a railway vehicle that has air springs on the left and right of the front and rear carriages and supports the vehicle body frame with these air springs,
Provide a distance sensor etc. in the vehicle, measure the platform upper surface level with the distance sensor etc.,
A passenger car height adjustment system for adjusting the spring height of the platform-side air spring so that the level difference between the platform top surface and the platform side edge of the doorway becomes zero. In the entrance / exit height adjustment system of a railway vehicle that has air springs on the left and right of the front and rear carriages and supports the vehicle body frame with these air springs,
A distance sensor is installed near the entrance of the vehicle, and the linear distance between the distance sensor and the top surface of the platform is measured.
Measure vehicle tilt angle with vehicle tilt angle sensor,
The vertical distance between the distance sensor and the platform top surface is calculated from the measurement data of the linear distance between the distance sensor and the platform top surface and the measurement data of the vehicle tilt angle.
The vertical distance between the distance sensor and the platform top surface is used to calculate the level difference between the platform top surface and the platform side edge of the doorway.
A passenger car height adjustment system for adjusting the spring height of the platform-side air spring so that the level difference between the platform top surface and the platform side edge of the doorway becomes zero. In the entrance / exit height adjustment system of a railway vehicle that has air springs on the left and right of the front and rear carriages and supports the vehicle body frame with these air springs,
A large number of photoelectric sensors directed to the outside in the horizontal direction on the side of the vehicle, that is, distance detection ON / OFF type photoelectric sensors are arranged in the vertical direction and attached.
Based on the positional relationship between the plurality of photoelectric sensors and the entrance / exit by the ON signal of the photoelectric sensor located below the platform upper surface and the OFF signal of the photoelectric sensor located below, the platform upper surface and the platform side edge of the entrance / exit To calculate the step of
A passenger car height adjustment system for adjusting the spring height of the platform-side air spring so that the level difference between the platform top surface and the platform side edge of the doorway becomes zero.   Lower the level difference between the platform upper surface and the platform side edge of the doorway to zero and do not control the spring height of the air spring on the opposite side of the platform, or keep the air spring height when the station stops The height adjustment system of the passenger entrance / exit of the railway vehicle of Claims 1-3.   The passenger door height adjustment system for a railway vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the adjustment of the spring height of the air spring on the platform side and the adjustment of the spring height of the air spring on the side opposite to the platform side are performed simultaneously. In the railway vehicle entrance / exit height adjustment system according to claim 1, after the train enters the platform and the level difference between the entrance / exit platform and the platform is eliminated, the internal pressure of the air spring and the air spring height are continuously measured. The amount of deflection of the shaft spring is calculated based on the change amount of the measured value, and further, the amount of change of the air spring height and the spring height of the shaft spring is calculated, and the spring height of the air spring is calculated based on this calculated value. The passenger door height adjustment system for a railway vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the height difference between the platform and the entrance / exit platform is adjusted to almost zero until the passenger boarding / exiting is completed.

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