JP2005535000A - Device for 3D display of landscape / object - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to an image reproduction device and preferably a device for spatial display comprising an optical module (5) comprising a plurality of optical elements, which is a plurality of filter elements. With the position of the optical element, the observer can see partial information from the first selected viewpoint of the landscape / object with one eye and from the second selected viewpoint with the other eye. You can see partial information. This is achieved by removably connecting the image reproduction device and the optical component module (5) by means of a fixed device. By fixing the optical module (5) to the image reproduction device, the monoscopic image display can be converted into the autostereoscopic image display and vice versa. Preferably, the optical module (5) consists of a structured plate (1) whose structure forms a plurality of optical elements. The fixing device consists of means for adjusting the air pressure between the structured plate (1) and the surface of the image reproduction device in the form of a flat screen. The optical module (5) is maintained on the flat screen by creating a low pressure between the structured plate (1) and the flat screen surface.

Description

The present invention relates to an apparatus for three-dimensional display of a landscape / object, wherein a very large number of pixels contain bits of partial information obtained from three or more visible images of the landscape / object. The above device
A visual display device for reproducing a plurality of pixels;
An optical assembly of a very large number of optical elements, preferably filter elements, arranged in front of the visual display device with respect to the direction of the line of sight of the viewer.

  In this case, the position of the optical element in the optical assembly is an observation place where the light from the pixel can be seen by one eye of the partial information bit of the first selected visual image among the multiple visual images. The bit of the partial information of the second selected visual image of the plurality of visual images is seen by the other eye of one observer (or several observers) so as to propagate in the intersecting direction. Defined so that

  In the prior art, U.S. Patent No. 6,057,049 describes a structured plate that is suitable for displaying monoscopic and autostereoscopic images on a flat panel display. This disclosure discloses a technical feature that allows a structured plate to be removably attached to a flat panel display. In a special configuration, the structured plate is suspended from a suitable mechanical connection attached to the top of the outer frame of the flat panel display. The disadvantage of this method is that the structured plate depends on the shape of the frame. That is, the structured plate cannot be used with all flat panel displays.

  U.S. Pat. No. 6,057,089 discloses a method that allows a flat panel display to operate with a lenticular screen such as autostereoscopic display. Although this disclosure describes several embodiments in which a flat panel display receives defined image information to achieve autostereoscopic effects, a specific lenticular display may be included in a particular flat panel display. It does not describe details of possible ways to fix the screen. The principle of this patent specification does not solve the problem of how an optical assembly configured as a lenticular screen can be mechanically attached to a flat panel display, in particular removably.

  U.S. Patent No. 6,057,031 discloses a stereoscopic display device that removably incorporates an optical assembly in the form of a barrier screen ("grating") and also provides a grid within the device for reliable stereoscopic display. Auxiliary means for aligning are described.

  U.S. Patent No. 6,057,049 describes a method by which the influence of a lenticular screen can be counteracted by a complementary lenticular device mounted thereon with a hinge. Patent Document 4 virtually cancels the 3D effect. This approach is primarily intended for use only with lenticular systems and must produce exactly complementary lenticular devices.

  All of the above patent specifications used any type of 2D monitor configured as a flat panel display, for example, not just a flat panel display of a special structure, if any. In some cases, it is almost impossible to actually reversibly convert a flat panel display to an autostereoscopic flat panel display.

  As disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 6,057,049, the barrier screen is detachably positioned in front of the monitor by a slide-in unit. In this way, it is possible to switch from 2D to 3D, but this method can only be used for display modules whose enclosure has a slide-in pocket for a barrier screen. Therefore, specially designed screen enclosures must be used. Barrier screens cannot be easily attached to all flat panel displays. Other screens that disclose that the barrier screen is hinged open or rolled up must also be fitted with a monitor-friendly device.

  U.S. Pat. No. 6,089,077 discloses a polarizing foil that acts as a barrier screen that hangs on top of the screen. Again, this foil cannot be attached to all monitors with a simple operation.

  Patent Document 7 describes a wavelength filter array that can be removed. In this case, the filter array is built in, for example, a cartridge. To perform a reversible conversion, the cartridge can simply be placed on the monitor like a cap. In the case of 2D display, the cartridge is removed. However, as various monitor enclosures are currently in use, it is easy to be modest to manufacture a single cartridge that fits many different monitor structures and the geometry of the different enclosures. is not. U.S. Pat. No. 6,057,089 also discloses a filter array that can be clipped to the monitor from the front. In the case of this filter array, the monitor enclosure must be equipped with an auxiliary device.

  Patent Document 8 discloses a 2D / 3D display that can be switched. To switch between 2D and 3D, the diffusion plate must be attached or removed. The disadvantage of this display is that the display or its enclosure must be specially designed so that it can be switched between 2D / 3D.

  Patent Document 9 describes, for example, an optical display device such as an anti-stray filter configured so that a user can attach it to monitors of various sizes. The frame unit holds an optical screen made of a somewhat flexible membrane as well. This membrane allows the device to be attached to a monitor. In the case of this device, the monitor cannot actually be reversibly converted to an autostereoscopic monitor.

U.S. Patent No. 6,057,049 describes a display including an image screen and a transparent cover. In this case, the cover can be attached to or removed from the image screen by a click-in mechanism by snapping a lug into the front surface of the base plate. In the case of this device, the monitor of each structure cannot be actually reversibly converted to an autostereoscopic monitor.
German Patent Application Publication No. 100 37 437 (A1) PCT International Publication No. 99/05559 UK Patent Application Publication No. 472,562 (A) US Pat. No. 5,500,765 European Patent Application Publication No. 0860728 (A1) European Patent Application Publication No. 0829744 (A2) German Utility Model Registration Statement No. 200 13 873 (U1) Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2002-084553 European Patent No. 0535989 (B1) German Patent Application Publication No. 4315146 (A1)

  Developing the above prior art, the object of the present invention is to allow the optical assembly to be attached to a visual display device and to be easily removed again to whatever extent possible. To produce a device of the type described in the “Technical Field”. The purpose of the optical assembly is to be low in cost, easy to implement and easy to handle. The present invention further provides a method by which landscape / objects can be converted between monoscopic rendering and autostereoscopic rendering at a low cost.

  According to claim 1 of the present invention, the above problem is solved by releasably coupling the visual display device and the optical assembly to each other by a fixing device. In this case, when the optical assembly is fixed to the visual display device, conversion from monoscopic image display to autostereoscopic image display is performed, and when the optical assembly is removed from the visual display device, autostereoscopic image display to monoscopic image display is performed. Conversion is performed.

  In the case of the first preferred embodiment of the device according to the invention, the optical assembly has a structured plate whose structure is formed by a very large number of optical elements. The target visual display device is a flat panel display and the fixation device consists of means for adjusting the air pressure between the structured plate and the surface of the flat panel display. Therefore, if a vacuum is applied between the structured plate and the surface of the flat panel display, the optical assembly will adsorb to the flat panel display, and the atmospheric pressure between the structured plate and the surface of the flat panel display will be normal. At atmospheric pressure or higher, the optical assembly moves away from the flat panel display.

  It is advantageous if the structured plate extends in two dimensions. Furthermore, the structured plate is preferably held on its outer edge by a frame. In this way, the structured plate is naturally stabilized. The frame can be made, for example, from metal and can be relatively thin, i.e. hundreds of microns.

  It is particularly advantageous if the frame comprises one or several spacers for creating a gap between the surface of the flat panel display and the structured plate. This gap may be necessary to generate an autostereoscopic image on a flat panel display.

  In addition, when the unit formed by the structured plate and frame is placed on a flat panel display, a substantially airtight recess between the structured plate and the surface of the flat panel display. Can be formed. This hermetic recess allows the present invention to be implemented particularly in the manner described above so that the desired vacuum can be easily formed between the structured plate and the surface of the monitor.

  The means for regulating the air pressure between the structured plate and the surface of the flat panel display preferably comprises at least one manual or electric pump and / or one valve. By doing so, the apparatus according to the present invention can be easily implemented with excellent cost performance.

Furthermore, the means for adjusting the air pressure is fixed to the frame, and when the optical assembly is crimped to the flat panel display, a vacuum is formed between the structured plate and the surface of the flat panel display, Thereby, it is possible to have an air-impervious movable edge designed to hold the entire unit on a flat panel display.

  Further, the means for adjusting the air pressure can comprise a valve that equalizes the pressure between the vacuum position and the external atmospheric pressure so that the optical assembly can be easily removed. This embodiment of the present invention can also be easily manufactured with excellent cost performance. The movable edge that is impermeable to air can be made of plastic or rubber, for example.

  It may be advantageous if the optical assembly further comprises striped segments made of rubber. These segments are in particular for hermetic joints in the optical assembly.

  In addition or alternatively, a suction cap for removably securing the structured plate can be attached to the flat panel display by generating a vacuum. Thereby, the optical assembly can be securely attached in a removable manner.

  In the case of the second preferred embodiment of the device according to the invention, the visual display device is again a flat panel display, while the means for fixing the optical assembly to the flat panel display are: Preferred is an adhesive medium that has the smallest possible light absorption, for example, a liquid made of seeder oil.

  This embodiment utilizes, on the one hand, the interatomic or intermolecular adhesion of the medium and, on the other hand, the atoms or molecules on the surface of the flat panel display or structured optical plate. The optical assembly can be removed by shifting or by applying a little force to separate the adhesive bond.

  In the case of all embodiments of the optical assembly, it is further advantageous if these embodiments also comprise striped segments made of a textile material that does not cause any kind of scratches. By using a segment of fabric material that does not cause such scratches, scratches on a flat panel display can be easily avoided.

  Further, the optical assembly is preferably such that one or several of its outer edges, such as for example its frame, can be placed on or against a member of the flat panel display enclosure. Has external dimensions. In particular, with such external dimensions, the structured plate can be initially roughly aligned to the structure of the imaging surface of the flat panel display.

  One requirement for obtaining a 3D image is to display a suitable image on a flat panel display. As such an image, for example, it is possible to use a combination of several visual images of a landscape as shown in a perspective view. The term “combination of images” or “combination image” refers to an image that has been edited from image information contained in several visible images and arranged in rows and / or columns.

For a detailed description of how to edit image combinations, see, for example, DE 100 03 326 C2. This patent specification further includes an exemplary embodiment of a wavelength filter array suitable for autostereoscopic display. According to this specification, when using a wavelength filter array, it is not necessary to completely separate the partial images to produce an autostereoscopic display, i.e., only one of the observer's eyes You'll notice that you prioritize what you selected for the visual image of. They can even simultaneously see some part of the image information that can be assigned to one and the same viewable image. It is not always necessary to optically separate the partial images.

  When the optical assembly is removed from the flat panel display, the flat panel display reverts to a normal monoscopic display. That is, return to a normal 2D image of an object, or a two-dimensional display with full and original resolution, eg showing text.

  For special applications, it may be equally advantageous if the structured plate is made up of two or more layers. For example, the structured plate can be made from a substrate that includes a wavelength filter array laminated or printed thereon. This method is one way to easily implement the present invention with excellent cost performance. Preferably, the substrate is as stable as possible, thin and completely transparent. For example, the substrate may be a glass plate. The wavelength filter array is preferably located on the substrate surface facing the monitor, i.e. the flat panel display.

  In addition, it is advantageous to provide a means for moving the structured plate. For example, it is particularly advantageous to install such means when the structured plate is used in combination with a tracking unit for detecting the eye position of one or several observers. In this case, in order to achieve the optimum effect of the structured plate for an observer who is continuously watching a given 3D image, for example, the structure is analyzed by a PC that analyzes the position of the detected observer's eyes. The control plate can be controlled. Such tracking devices are well known in connection with 3D display and will not be described in further detail.

  According to an embodiment of the present invention, it is advantageous if the means for adjusting the frame and / or air pressure and / or the suction cap are designed to be located as far as possible outside the image field of the flat panel display. It is. Such a design can be achieved, for example, with very small sized suction cups and a very narrow frame (as already explained). Also, the means for adjusting the air pressure can be installed at the edge of the structured optical plate, or at least part can be built into the frame of the optical assembly (if installed). .

  The invention can be used, for example, for LCD type flat panel displays or plasma displays. Similarly, the present invention can be used with any other type of image display system. In particular, the present invention can be used with a CRT monitor if the geometry of the optical assembly is adapted to the shape of the CRT.

  For example, it is further advantageous if the structured plate covers only part of the flat panel display and / or if only part of it moves in or out of the observation beam path. In addition, the optical assembly can be provided with a handle frame at its top end that can temporarily hold the optical assembly during removal from the flat panel display. For this purpose, for example, a handle frame can be temporarily hung on the upper edge of the flat panel display enclosure. If desired, the handle frame can be designed to be removable from the optical assembly.

In the case of a third preferred embodiment of the device according to the invention, the optical assembly has a structured plate having a wide surface at the front and the rear respectively and a narrow surface along its entire edge. The optical assembly can be fixed or movable from at least one of the narrow sides to between the two components of the flat panel display, preferably a segment of the display module and a segment of its enclosure. At least one fixing element is provided for fixing the optical assembly by pressing the fixing element therebetween.

  This allows the optical assembly to be attached and removed primarily to and from the flat panel display whatever the geometry of the flat panel display enclosure. This is because, for example, a flat panel display often has a narrow groove between a display module into which a fixing element designed as a fixing lug can be inserted and its enclosure.

  Such an optical assembly can be easily manufactured with excellent cost performance. This optical assembly is particularly user-friendly in that the optical assembly can be very easily attached to and removed from the flat panel display, even if the user has little knowledge It is an assembly.

  As long as the optical assembly according to the present invention is attached to a flat panel display, the flat panel display is used as a 3D screen if the content of the image to be displayed is suitable for such use. The optical assembly can be removed from the flat panel display for a normal original 2D display.

  Within the scope of the present invention, the term “display module” mainly means a flat panel display (eg TFT-LCD or plasma display) with an image rendering surface. The term also includes electronic or other components that can be placed behind an image rendering surface that is a substantially inseparable portion of the display module.

  In order to ensure that the structured plate can be used in as wide a range of applications as possible, the structured plate is again preferably a flat that extends in the direction of the viewer through the display module of the flat panel display. • Design to be located within the extension of the panel display enclosure.

  Therefore, if you want to use a flat panel display with a specific structure, or if at least the visible surface of such a flat panel display to which the optical assembly according to the invention is mounted is specified, the structure The wide front and rear dimensions of the activating plate must essentially correspond to the dimensions of the visible image area of the display module of the flat panel display used. For example, if an optical assembly for a 15.1-inch TFT-LCD screen has an aspect ratio of 4: 3, the structured plate, strictly speaking, its wide front and back surfaces Must have dimensions of 307.2 mm x 230.4 mm.

  Again, the optical assembly has one or several of its outer edges positioned on or against a portion of the flat panel display enclosure, in particular on the extension of the enclosure. In the case of having an external dimension that can be improved, the mechanical stability is excellent. In particular, the extension of the enclosure below the image area of the flat panel display is suitable for this purpose, but the optical assembly is likewise the inner edge of the extension of the right and / or left and / or upper enclosure Can be located on top.

Further, the optical assembly desirably has two or more fixed lugs protruding from at least two of the narrow edges of the structured plate.
In the case of a particularly advantageous embodiment, at least two fixed lugs are provided, at least one of the fixed lugs being movably coupled to the structured plate through a mechanical sliding device and / or a pivoting device, so that optical When the assembly is attached to a flat panel display, the fixed lug can be moved to a position relative to the structured plate that hardly protrudes from the narrow edge, so that the optical assembly can be removably attached to the flat panel display. Can move to a position relative to the structured optical plate that protrudes slightly from the narrow edge at that location, and at the same time can be located between the two components of the flat panel display.

  Such a sliding device may comprise at least one slide rail and / or one pin. Such a pivoting device preferably comprises at least one hinge and / or one pin. Therefore, these movable fixed lugs can also be implemented relatively easily and with excellent cost performance means.

  Since it becomes such composition, a user can attach easily. This is because, during installation, it is not necessary to project all installed fixed lugs from each narrow edge.

  For ease of operation, at least one of the fixed lugs movably coupled to the structured plate can have a handle that allows the fixed lugs to be manually operated. Preferably, each fixed lug comprises such a handle.

  The optical assembly can be more easily manipulated if the mechanical slide and / or pivoting device for at least one of the fixed lugs includes a return element such as a spring, for example. The return element places the fixed lug in a position relative to the structured plate, preferably in such a position where the fixed lug protrudes from one of the narrow edges of the structured plate. In this case, the user only needs to pull the locking lug back against the force of the spring when attaching the optical assembly to the flat panel display. Once the optical assembly is installed relative to the flat panel display, the optical assembly can be secured to the flat panel display by simply releasing each handle.

  Advantageously, the optical assembly is configured to have a large surface of the structured plate having rectangular dimensions, each having two fixed lugs located on the left and right narrow sides of the structured plate. In this case, the two fixed lugs on one narrow side are firmly coupled to the structured plate, and the two fixed lugs on the other narrow side are movably coupled to the structured plate.

  Furthermore, the optical assembly can suitably comprise at least one clamp on the narrow edge of the structured plate. This clamp is for establishing a clamped connection between the narrow edge of the structured plate and the enclosure portion of the flat panel display. Such a clamp can be used advantageously if it does not include a movable fixed lug.

  In the embodiment of the optical assembly described above, at least one of the fixed lugs is between 0.2% and 100% of the length of the narrow edge of the structured optical plate from which the fixed lug projects. Have a length of

In order to improve cost performance, each fixed lug can be designed as a small and narrow plate, especially made of metal (eg thin special steel). The optical assembly attached to the flat panel display should, if possible, prevent the fixed lug from protruding into the visible part of the image area of the display module of the flat panel display so that the pixels are not hidden. Preferably, a fixed lug is placed under a non-transparent component of the structured plate, such as an opaque filter of a wavelength or neutral density step filter array, so as not to affect the image display.

  If the fixing lug is firmly connected directly to the structured plate, it is preferably made of metal or plastic and is securely clamped to the structured plate, riveted, or Connection pieces may be provided that are coupled to the structured plate by other methods.

  In this connection, each fixed lug is preferably attached to the flat panel display at a certain distance, preferably 1-8 mm, from the display module of the flat panel display. Design to hold the structured plate. If the length of the connecting piece is appropriate, such holding can be easily performed.

  Furthermore, the optical assembly comprises a frame that surrounds all or part of the structured plate at least at its narrow edge, through which a fixed lug is fixedly or movably coupled to the structured plate; Thereby, it may be advantageous if the fixing lug protrudes outwardly from the frame. Note that for this connection, the expression “extension of a fixed lug from a narrow side” has a comprehensive meaning. This representation means that each fixed lug protrudes (outside) not only from the narrow side, but in particular from each frame part.

  One advantage of such a frame is that the mounting strength of the optical assembly is improved. This is because potential mechanical loads such as external forces are applied not only on the structured plate but also on the frame. Such a frame is made of metal, in particular stainless steel or aluminum, or plastic. Another advantage of this frame is that it can also be used to form a gap between the flat panel display and the structured optical plate at the same time. For this purpose, the frame has a suitable depth and separates the fixing lugs from the wide rear surface (in the direction of the line of sight) of the structured optical plate by a desired distance.

  In order to avoid scratches on the flat panel display, the optical assembly further preferably comprises striped segments made of a textile material or rubber that is attached to a fixed lug and does not cause any kind of scratches. Prepare.

  Each embodiment of the optical assembly preferably includes at least a wavelength filter array, a neutral density step filter array, a lenticular screen, a barrier screen, a polarizing filter array, a small lens array or a prism array. A structured plate comprising. In this case, some of the arrays can be placed on the structured plate in various combinations.

Other configurations in this sense can also be carried out, in particular including a lenticular screen or barrier screen installed at an angle.
Preferably, the structured plate comprises at least one filter array consisting of a plurality of wavelength filters, neutral density step filter arrays and / or deflection filters. In this way, the optical assembly mounted on the flat panel display, due to its structured plate effect, directs the light emitted by the individual pixels of the flat panel display module in a certain propagation direction. As a result, any one pixel of the display module corresponds to several correlated wavelength filters, neutral density filters or polarization filters of the filter array, or wavelength filters of the filter array, medium A line between the center of gravity of the visible segment of the pixel and the center of gravity of the cross section of the visible segment of the wavelength filter, neutral density filter, or polarizing filter is a single propagation direction on the density filter or polarization filter. A number of interrelated pixels in the display module Corresponding to.

  Therefore, if the display module also renders an image that combines at least two viewable images of a landscape / object, the observer can view the first view from multiple viewable images with one eye from any viewing location. One will see more bits of partial information of the first selected visual image, and will see more bits of partial information of the second selected visual image from multiple visual images with the other eye, An observer sees a 3D image from a plurality of observation places. Suitable filter arrays for professionals are well known. For a detailed description, see inter alia WO 01/56265 A and DE 201 21318 U1.

  In some cases, only a part of the image area of the display module may be displayed in 3D. In this case, the structured plate of the optical assembly is designed such that optical components for image segmentation, for example wavelength filters, are installed only on a part of its surface, while the surface The remaining part of is mainly optically inert or transparent.

  In order to be able to adjust the optical assembly after it has been attached to the flat panel display, another advantageous embodiment provides an additional for adjusting the position of the optical assembly relative to the flat panel display. Means. These means are in particular micrometers and / or eccentric mechanisms. The micrometer or eccentric disk applies a force in a certain way to one component of the flat panel display, preferably the display module and / or the segment of the enclosure, so that the relative position of the optical assembly Is affected by the force setting. If a lenticular screen is used, such adjustments may be necessary to align the lenticular image with the pixel location for optimal autostereoscopic display.

  Further, the optical assembly can comprise at least one carrying handle that can be removed. With the carrying handle, you can easily carry the optical assembly even when it is not attached to the flat panel display.

  Preferably, the structured plate is a multilayer design. In particular, the selectable layer is more preferably a transparent substrate such as glass or PMMA on which an optically effective layer is applied. As such a layer, a lenticular screen or the like made of PMMA or an adhesive film, each of which is bonded to the two upper and lower layers can be used.

  Preferably, the structured plate is from a substrate comprising a wavelength filter array or neutral density step filter array laminated or printed thereon. The filter array is disposed on the rear surface of the substrate when viewed in the direction of the line of sight. Preferably, the substrate is a glass plate. When laminating on a substrate, the filter array can be pre-made by exposing a dry plate or film. The method of printing a filter array on a (glass) substrate is well known in the prior art and will not be described further. Alternatively, the filter array can be formed on the substrate by vapor deposition or lithography. It is important to ensure that all substrates have the highest possible transparency so that optimal light is obtained.

In the special embodiment of the present invention, means for moving the position of the structured plate are used at the flat panel display. For example, roller bearings or rails are suitable for this movement. To track changes in the observer's eye position, use a method of tracking the eye position in an autostereoscopic manner, such as when an image segmentation optical system (in this case, a structured plate) is required. In some cases, such an embodiment may be useful.

  To facilitate handling of the optical assembly, a handle frame can be placed at its upper end that can hold the optical assembly while it is being removed from the flat panel display. The handle frame can be removed if desired. The handle frame can be attached to the optical assembly, for example, just prior to removal of the optical assembly from the flat panel display, and is temporarily hooked or clamped to the upper end of the flat panel display enclosure. The optical assembly is then temporarily held by the handle frame when the securing lug is pulled out of the slot provided between the two components of the flat panel display. When finally removed from the flat panel display, the handle frame is removed along with the optical assembly. The handle frame is then removed from the assembly so that the optical assembly can be more easily housed in a protective pouch made of, for example, velvety fibers.

  In the case of the fourth preferred embodiment of the device according to the invention, the visual display device is a flat panel display comprising at least a display module and an enclosure, and the fixing device for the optical assembly also comprising a structured plate is Magnetic means.

  In this way, at least one ferromagnetic or paramagnetic component can be fixedly or movably fixed to the structured plate and thereby bonded to the flat panel display enclosure by adhesive force. It is possible to install at least one strip-shaped permanent magnet having Therefore, the optical assembly can be secured to the flat panel display by attaching the ferromagnetic or paramagnetic components of the structured plate to a strip-like permanent magnet.

  The ferromagnetic or paramagnetic component can preferably be integrated into the frame of the optical assembly, or it can be configured as a frame, together with the frame surrounding the structured plate. Such a frame further enhances the stability of the optical assembly. Of course, the display module and the flat panel display enclosure used may be designed as a single unit.

  Alternatively, at least one permanent magnet can be fixedly or movably fixed to the structured plate, and at least one strip-like component having ferromagnetic or paramagnetic properties is installed, It can also be glued to flat panel display enclosures. Therefore, the optical assembly can be removably secured to the flat panel display by attracting the permanent magnets of the structured plate to the strip-like ferromagnetic or paramagnetic component.

  In addition, the first permanent magnet can be fixedly or movably fixed to the structured plate and is designed to attract the first permanent magnet, thereby securing it to the flat panel display enclosure. At least a second strip-shaped permanent magnet having an adhesive surface to be coupled to the substrate can be installed. Thus, the optical assembly can be removably secured to the flat panel display by coupling the first permanent magnet to the second permanent magnet.

Also in these configurations, it is preferred that the ferromagnetic or paramagnetic component can be incorporated into the frame of the optical assembly together with the frame surrounding the structured plate, or can be configured as a frame. it can.

  Ferromagnetic or paramagnetic components when manufacturing flat panel displays for later temporary conversion to autostereoscopic display during manufacture, or strip magnets, if used Can be built into a flat panel display enclosure. The components built into the enclosure are not visible from the outside, but still have a sufficient magnetic effect. If the flat panel display enclosure itself has ferromagnetic or paramagnetic properties, the ferromagnetic or paramagnetic components supplied as part of the optical assembly are not required. In that case, the optical assembly consists essentially of at least one structured plate and at least one strip-like permanent magnet.

  Preferably, the optical assembly is designed such that the dimension of the wide surface of the structured plate is greater than or equal to the visible surface of the display module of the flat panel display used. However, you don't have to do that. For example, if only a portion of the display module is designed for 3D images, the structured plate can be made smaller. In this case, however, the optically effective portion of the structured plate can be limited to the desired image field size.

  Also, for example, when its outer dimensions are attached to a flat panel display, one or several of its outer edges will be in contact with the flat panel display enclosure segment, in particular the extension of the enclosure. If designed to do so, the positioning of the optical assembly will be easy for the user. In this case, the user can attach the optical assembly to an enclosure guided by one or several of the extensions of such enclosure for positioning.

  Further, the strip-shaped permanent magnet or the ferromagnetic or paramagnetic component can comprise a positioning angle plate that can be positioned to easily align the outer edge of the structured plate thereto. It is particularly desirable to install two or three positioning angle plates on different sides of the flat panel display enclosure. This is because a certain position of the optical assembly is established. In that case, only one software calibration of the actual position of the optical assembly is required. This is because, thanks to the positioning angle plate, the optical assembly is always mounted in the exact same position.

  Several visual images are combined and the combined structure of the image displayed by the flat panel display module must be aligned with the actual position of the optical assembly, in particular with the structured plate contained therein. Don't be. This alignment usually requires software.

In a special embodiment, the structured plate preferably has at least one layer vapor-coated with some ferromagnetic or paramagnetic material only at the edges.
Furthermore, the problem of the present invention is solved by another frame having an adhesive surface which is shaped to temporarily accommodate the optical assembly and thereby permanently bonded to the flat panel display enclosure. Thus, the optical assembly can be removably secured to the flat panel display by inserting the flat panel display into a separate frame that is bonded to the flat panel display enclosure.

  Furthermore, the object of the present invention is to simultaneously reach at least the periphery of the flat panel display enclosure and apply a permanent force on the other part of the enclosure, thereby bringing the structured plate into the flat panel display. It is solved by at least one flexible clip that can be clamped to the structured plate while being held against the display, thereby securing the structured plate to the flat panel display.

Finally, the problem of the present invention is that the display module has an inclination angle greater than zero with respect to the vertical line, and the enclosure is located, for example, below the bottom edge of the screen surface of the display module. This is solved by a device of the type described at the beginning with an extension facing in the direction. The device is at least
One structured plate that spans two dimensions to reliably segment images for autostereoscopic display on flat panel displays;
-For example comprising at least one spacer which is fixedly secured at the bottom edge of the rear face of the structured plate, whereby the optical assembly is located on the extension of the enclosure, thereby
The structured plate is held on the flat panel display by gravity and by the current inclination of the display module with respect to the vertical line, the top of the structured plate is preferably outside the top of the flat panel display enclosure It rests or is spaced from the monitor surface by other spacers.

  The tilting of the display module is a phenomenon commonly seen in portable computers such as notebook computers or laptop computers. Hence, this embodiment of the present invention can be used particularly advantageously with such a device. If the portable device includes, for example, a touch-sensitive screen located a few millimeters away from the display surface of the display module, the spacer just described can be dispensed with. In this case, the optical assembly consists only of a structured plate, and it is sufficient to attach the structured plate between the extensions of the current enclosure.

  In this case, the structured plate can be easily removed for 2D display. The last embodiment is particularly advantageous when used with PDAs and similar devices. In this case, however, the screen surface is usually vertical to prevent the structured plate from falling if the structured plate is not crimped between the extension of the current enclosure by mechanical stress. Must be inclined with respect to the line.

  Typically, structured plates have an essentially rectangular outline. However, it may be other shapes, for example circular or polygonal. Such a structured plate may have one or several recesses in its periphery that facilitate removal from the enclosure or an extension of the enclosure. For example, the corners of a rectangular structured plate can be rounded or slanted.

The invention further relates to a method for temporarily converting a flat panel display to an autostereoscopic flat panel display by means of the optical assembly. The method according to the invention comprises the following steps:
Manufacturing or providing an optical assembly that satisfies at least one of the claims set forth herein;
A flat panel including at least a display module and an enclosure whose protruding portion forms a recess in the front surface of the display module of the flat panel display that is large enough to accommodate part or most of the structured plate of the optical assembly. Manufacturing or providing a panel display;
By pushing at least one of the fixing lugs provided on the optical assembly between the two components of the flat panel display, preferably between the segment of the display module and the segment of the enclosure Removably securing the optical assembly to the flat panel display.

Because of good adaptation, these steps of the above method can also be applied to other embodiments of the present invention.
The order of the first two steps can of course be reversed. This is because, for example, if the flat panel display is installed first, the optical assembly can be installed later. In principle, this method can be performed whenever the user reversibly attaches the optical assembly to the flat panel display, i.e. removably and temporarily.

In order to convert a flat panel display to an autostereoscopic screen easily and at a low cost, the present invention comprises the following steps:
Manufacturing or providing an optical assembly that satisfies at least one of the claims set forth herein;
A flat panel including at least a display module and an enclosure whose protruding portion forms a recess in the front surface of the display module of the flat panel display that is large enough to accommodate part or most of the structured plate of the optical assembly. Manufacturing or providing a panel display;
By pushing at least one of the fixing lugs provided on the optical assembly between the two components of the flat panel display, preferably between the segment of the display module and the segment of the enclosure, Other methods are also contemplated, including the step of permanently securing the optical assembly to the flat panel display.

  By permanently securing the optical assembly to the flat panel display, the flat panel display is effectively irreversibly converted to an autostereoscopic flat panel display. Preferably, the step of permanently fixing the optical assembly to the flat panel display is performed by one of the following actions instead of the last step of the above steps.

Making an adhesive bond between at least one of the narrow edges of the structured plate of the optical assembly and the components of the flat panel display, for example by some kind of double-sided adhesive tape or some kind of adhesive. And / or
Before attaching the optical assembly to the flat panel display, for example, using some type of double-sided adhesive tape or some type of adhesive, both on the wide rear side (in the direction of the line of sight) or on the frame of the structured plate After applying the adhesive tape or adhesive and attaching the optical assembly to the flat panel display, taking into account the time for the adhesive or double-sided adhesive tape to dry, wide rear surface (in the direction of the line of sight) or If installed, performing an adhesive bond between the frame of the structured plate and the components of the flat panel display, and / or
Performing an adhesive bond between the structured plate or its frame and the components of the flat panel display, for example by applying certain fluids such as seeder oil, and / or
• A firm bond between the structured plate and the flat panel display by soldering or welding.

The invention further relates to a method for temporarily converting a flat panel display to an autostereoscopic flat panel display using an optical assembly according to one of the above embodiments comprising the following steps.

Manufacturing or providing an optical assembly according to one of the above embodiments;
Manufacturing or providing a flat panel display including at least a display module and an enclosure;
Performing adhesive bonding of at least one strip-like permanent magnet of the optical assembly or at least one strip-like ferromagnetic or paramagnetic component to the enclosure of the flat panel display;
• Removably securing the optical assembly to the flat panel display by attaching a ferromagnetic or paramagnetic member to each permanent magnetized portion.

  The last step of course also includes the case where at least one first and at least one second permanent magnet belong to the optical assembly. The adhesive bonding of the strip-shaped permanent magnet or strip-shaped ferromagnetic or paramagnetic component to the flat panel display is preferably made to the front surface of the screen enclosure.

The method steps may further include the following steps.
Adjusting the position of the structured plate of the optical assembly relative to the display module of the flat panel display.

  This adjustment serves to modify the interaction between the structured plate and the pixels of the display module of the flat panel display, in particular to optimize the image segmentation geometry for autostereoscopic display. To do. If the structured optical plate includes, for example, a lenticular screen, the lenticular screen is such that the principal direction of its cylinder apex forms a constant angle or parallel to the direction of the pixel. The screen is aligned.

Preferably, this adjustment is performed as follows.
-Display of test images on the display module. The test image is preferably an image arranged in rows and / or columns combined from n (n> 2) visual images. In this case, exactly (n−1) visual images each correspond to one completely black area, and exactly one visual image is completely white, completely blue, or completely green, Or corresponds to a completely red area.

  The optical assembly for the display module of the flat panel display until the structured plate moves to a position where the monocular image shows the maximum extended white, blue, green or red area relative to the display module The position of the structured plate is continuously shifted and arbitrarily selected, but the image viewed with a monocular that can be viewed from the observation location with a permanent monocular is simultaneously visually inspected.

  Such white or colored areas of maximum extension can be seen from anywhere on the monocular image segment that can be seen, but need not be visible. Partial areas with one or several polygonal or rounded contours forming the area of maximum extension as a whole can also be implemented. By the way, when viewing a monocular image, the observer simply closes one eye.

Of course, the image combination structure on which the combination of n (test) visual images is based must correspond to the structured plate used. If the structured plate includes a wavelength filter array, the exemplary filter array described in utility model DE 201 21 318 U1 is preferably used as a combination of test visual images. The adjustment is performed by combining each example image described in the above.

Following the steps of the above method, the following steps can be performed.
Display of images combined from scenery and / or several visual images of objects on the display module for autostereoscopic display.

An expert knows how to combine one image from several visible images. Again, see WO 01/56265 A.
If an image combined from several visual images of the landscape and / or object is displayed on the display module, at least one physically smallest pixel of the display module, preferably a color subpixel If desired, the images can be combined so that there is interrelated image information from two different viewing image pixels at the same time. In this way, image information can be enriched and / or spatial display can be made at the desired viewing distance, and the distance of the display module surface from that layer of the structured optical plate that divides the partially visible image is adapted. (See DE 101 45 133 C1) or the image content shown in the potential rotation of the structured optical plate or of the optical assembly relative to the display module of a flat panel display can be adapted as well.

  Therefore, when a combined image is displayed from several visual images of a landscape and / or object, it is preferably an array on a structured optical plate, such as a row of filter elements, for example. The images are combined by maximally compensating for any rotation in the preferred direction of the pixels of the monitor, such as a row of pixels relative to a preferred direction of approximately parallel. The preferred direction specified by a series of adjacent positions of a series of bits of image information from one and the same viewing image on the altered image combination structure is a series of opaque on wavelength or neutral density step filter arrays. The above compensation is horizontal and / or vertical in the image combination structure for each image for the image represented by the monitor pixel so that it is approximately parallel to the preferred direction specified by the next adjacent filter element. This is done by changing the spacing between the lattices. This is true for all embodiments of the invention.

  Further, if an image combined from several visual images of the landscape and / or object is displayed on the display module, it can be on a structured plate, for example a filter element arranged in a row. An image that a pixel exhibits to the maximum extent all undesired rotations (ie, non-parallel states) of the preferred direction of the pixel, such as pixels arranged in a column, relative to a preferred direction that is substantially parallel to the array. The images can be combined so that they are compensated by the corresponding complementary rotations.

  The term “substantially parallel” preferred direction essentially means a direction that intersects at an angle of up to about 5 °. Complementary rotation of the displayed image can be performed by the above method that correlates image information from two different viewing image pixels simultaneously with at least one physically smallest pixel of the display module.

  Usually, in this case, as already explained, two different viewing images are used to form a correspondingly changed image combination structure with appropriately changed horizontal and / or vertical periods of the viewing image. Image information needs to be associated with at least one pixel simultaneously.

  The present invention can also be used on monitors other than flat panel display types. In this case, the structured optical plate may have to be curved to ensure that the partial image is sufficiently divided in order to provide stereoscopic display.

  Exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

  FIG. 1 shows a first example of an embodiment of an optical assembly. In this case, the optical assembly comprises a structured optical plate 1, a frame 2 for receiving the structured plate 1, and means for adjusting the air pressure between the structured plate 1 and the surface of the flat panel display. It consists of three.

  The flat panel display is not shown. A flat panel display is placed under the optical assembly according to the present invention. In practical use, of course, the surface of the flat panel display is placed vertically, and the optical assembly according to the present invention is attached to the flat panel display at an appropriate position.

  In the figure, the exemplary means 3 for adjusting the air pressure is in the form of a blow valve capable of adjusting the air pressure between the structured plate 1 and the surface of the flat panel display. If this means is used, the concept of the present invention can be easily implemented. For example, when a vacuum is generated between the structured plate 1 and the surface of the flat panel display by pressing a blow valve, the optical assembly is attached to the flat panel display. Between the blow valve and the space between the structured plate 1 and the surface of the flat panel display, there is a connection, not shown, through which air passes.

  When normal or excessive pressure occurs between the structured plate 1 and the surface of the flat panel display, the optical assembly can be removed from the flat panel display. In this case, the structured plate 1 consists of, for example, a transparent glass substrate and a wavelength filter array located on the side facing the flat panel display.

  In the case of FIG. 1, the wavelength filter array is indicated by the symbols R ′, G ′, B ′, which only show a few wavelength filters of the structured plate 1. In practice, however, the filter array comprises a number of individual wavelength filters at certain positions, as described, for example, in DE 100 03 326 C2. The wavelength filter array can be implemented as an exposed sheet of film laminated to the rear surface of the glass substrate (in the direction of the line of sight).

  In order to better understand the function, the size of the frame 2 in FIG. 1 is exaggerated. In practice, the frame is elongated and covers as few pixels as possible of a flat panel display. As shown in FIG. 1, the frame 2 is attached to all side surfaces of the structured plate 1. The frame 2 is provided with spacers 4 on all sides, which form a constant space between the flat panel display and the wavelength filter array.

  Here, the frame 2 is shown separated from the spacer 4 so that it can be clearly seen. However, in the case of an actual embodiment, both components are in direct contact with the structured plate 1, so that the plate 1 is fully mounted on all sides.

  If the optical assembly is attached to a flat panel display and the flat panel display displays 3D information carrying the appropriate image, the observer will see a 3D image without wearing 3D goggles. Become. With the optical assembly removed, a flat panel display can be used for two-dimensional display with the same resolution.

  FIG. 2 is another example of an embodiment of the present invention. Again, the structured optical plate 1 comprises a glass substrate including a laminated filter array and a frame 2 on which the structured plate 1 is mounted. In addition, a peripheral portion 6 is provided, for example made of rubber or plastic, that holds the entire optical assembly in place when crimped to the image surface of a flat panel display.

  In this case, the entire optical assembly works similar to a suction pad. To remove the optical assembly, another means can be installed, for example as a valve (not shown). This valve equalizes the pressure between the atmospheric pressure and the space between the structured plate 1 and the surface of the flat panel display as required. After the pressure is equalized, the entire optical assembly can be easily removed from the flat panel display again.

  To make the drawing easier to understand, FIG. 2 does not show the corners of the periphery. However, these corner portions are present in the actual embodiment and ensure that the entire edge of the periphery is airtight. Furthermore, this embodiment can also comprise a spacer (not shown).

  FIG. 3 shows the principle of the optical assembly 5. The optical assembly 5 is fixed to a flat panel display having at least a display module and an enclosure and is designed to separate partial images of the flat panel display for autostereoscopic display. The illustrated optical assembly 5 includes at least the following components.

  -Front 1.2 and larger rear 1.1, and 7.1, 7.2, 7.3, 7.4 on all four sides, autostereoscopic display on flat panel display A structured plate 1 that reliably separates partial images for the purpose.

  At least one fixing fixedly or movably connected to the structured optical plate 1 and protruding on at least one of the short edge surfaces of the structured plate 1 (short edge 7.2 in the figure) Rug 8. In this case, the fixed lug 8 can be attached to the flat panel display when it is pushed between the two components of the flat panel display, preferably between the segment of the display module and the segment of the enclosure. 5 for removably fixing 5.

  Therefore, whatever the configuration of the flat panel display enclosure, the optical assembly 5 can be securely attached to the flat panel display and removed if desired. This is because flat panel displays usually have a narrow gap into which a fixed lug 8 can be inserted between the display module and its enclosure.

  Such an optical assembly 5 can be easily manufactured with excellent cost performance. The optical assembly 5 is particularly user-friendly in that, first of all, even a user with little prior knowledge can attach it to a flat panel display. Second, the optical assembly can be removed from the flat panel display again by reversing the attachment procedure.

  In order to ensure that the structured plate 1 can be used in as wide a range of applications as possible, it is preferred that the structured plate is a flat panel projecting from the display module of the flat panel display towards the viewer. Designed to be located within the extension of the display enclosure.

In the case of FIG. 4, this means that in particular the outer dimensions of the long front and rear surfaces 1.1, 1.2 are the dimensions of the recess 10 that the extension 9 of the enclosure forms on the flat panel display enclosure. This is achieved by designing the structured optical plate 1 to be smaller or equal. Therefore, the side surface of the recess 10 is normally in contact with the extension 9 of the enclosure provided on the flat panel display, and the rear surface is in contact with the display module.

  FIG. 4 shows in detail the principle of attaching the optical assembly 5 to a flat panel display. As shown in the figure, the optical assembly 5 including the structured plate 1 in which the maximum amount is contained is usually inserted into such a recess 10. In this case, the fixing lugs 8 are for fixing the optical assembly 5 to the flat panel display, and these fixing lugs 8 are two components of the flat panel display, preferably the figure. As shown in FIG. 2, the display module is pushed between the segment of the display module and the segment of the enclosure. In this case, the right edge of the extension 9 of the enclosure represents the segment. Although the drawing does not clearly show the display module, it can be imaged as a boundary behind the recess 10.

  The geometry of the exterior of the optical assembly 5 has one or several of its short edges 7.1, 7.2, 7.3 and 7.4, which are flat panel display enclosures. Excellent mechanical stability is achieved when located on or relative to the extension 9 of the enclosure. Particularly desirable in this case is an extension 9.4 of the enclosure at the bottom of the image plane of the flat panel display, as shown in FIG. However, the optical assembly 5 can likewise be located against the left or right side or top surface of the extension 9 of the enclosure.

  Preferably, the contours of the long surfaces 1.1, 1.2 of the structured plate 1 are approximately rectangular as shown in FIGS. The dimensions of the long surfaces 1.1, 1.2 must be greater than or equal to the image surface of the display module to which the optical assembly 5 is attached.

  Furthermore, the optical assembly 5 preferably comprises two or more fixing lugs 8 protruding from at least two of the short edge surfaces 7.1, 7.2, 7.3 or 7.4.

  FIG. 5 is another advantageous embodiment of the optical assembly 5 in which a frame 11 is provided and is doubled as a spacer between the structured plate 1 and the display module. The fixing lug 8 is firmly fixed to the side of the frame 11 facing the flat panel display. Therefore, the fixing lug 8 protrudes from the frame 11 as well as from the short side of the structured plate 1. The frame 11 has, for example, a groove (not shown) in which the structured plate 11 is securely mounted.

  FIG. 5 is a mere detail showing the principle. In practice, the frame 11 is usually provided around all four sides of the structured plate 1. The frame 11 can be made, for example, from a commercially available metal section or plastic.

  FIG. 6 shows another very advantageous embodiment of the optical assembly 5. The scale of the drawing is not accurate and shows only a portion of the optical assembly 5. This figure shows only one of several fixed lugs 8 installed.

At least one of the fixed lugs 8 is movably connected to the structured plate 1 through a mechanical sliding device. Thus, when the optical assembly 5 is attached to the flat panel display, the fixed lug 8 can be moved to such a position with respect to the structured plate 1. At this location, the fixing lug 8 does not protrude significantly from the short edge (in this case, the short edge 7.2) or from the frame 11. Moreover, when the optical assembly 5 is removably attached to a flat panel display, the fixing lug 8 is connected to the structured plate 1 with a flat lug protruding from the short edge surface 7.2 or the frame 11. It can be moved to a position located between the two components of the panel display.

  Such a slide device may comprise, for example, at least one slide rail 12 (not shown in detail). A connecting plate 13 is also installed that mechanically connects the fixed lug 8 to a handle 14 that can be moved manually. Preferably, each fixed lug 8 movably connected to the structured plate 1 is provided with the handle 14.

  The connecting plate 13 can be made at a low cost from thin sheet metal or other materials such as plastic. The slide rail 12 can be incorporated in the frame 11 as a guide groove, or can be installed on the bottom surface of the frame 11 in the form of a sheet metal section. Other configurations can be used as well. The important point is that the slide rail preferably guides the movement of each fixed lug 8 along a straight line.

  FIG. 6 also shows another advantageous detail of the construction of the movable fixed lug 8. The optical assembly 5 can be used more easily if the mechanical sliding device is provided with a return element 15 such as a spring for at least one of the fixing lugs 8. The return element 15 is connected to the frame 11 through the holder 16 and allows the fixing lug 8 to be at a certain position relative to the structured plate 1 without applying external force, preferably one in the short edge 7.2 where the fixing lug 8 is short. Move to a relative position protruding from one.

  To fix the optical assembly 5 to the flat panel display, the user only has to retract the fixing lug 8 and move it to a relative position where the fixing lug 8 does not protrude from the short edge surface 7.2. Once the optical assembly 5 is in the correct position relative to the flat panel display, the handle 14 need only be released to secure the optical assembly 5 to the flat panel display.

  The return element 15 returns the fixed lug 8 to a position relative to the structured plate 1 where the fixed lug 8 protrudes from the short edge 7.2 or the frame 11 between the enclosure segment 9 and the display module of the flat panel display. The entire optical assembly 5 is secured to the flat panel display.

  Several movable fixed lugs 8 can be mechanically connected to one handle for ease of operation. Furthermore, when connected to the return element 15, the fixed lug 8 can be snapped to a relative position where the fixed lug 8 does not protrude from the short edge surface 7.2 (click again). To release the fixed lug, the user operates each handle 14. The optical assembly 5 can comprise several movable fixed lugs 8 that can be moved simultaneously by a user with one handle 14.

  In this way, the process of attaching the optical assembly 5 to the flat panel display becomes easier for the user. This is because when the optical assembly 5 is installed on a flat panel display, all currently used fixed lugs 8 are not necessarily from each short edge surface 7.1-7.4 or from each frame 11. This is because it is not necessary to project. The same is true when removing from a flat panel display.

  The structured plate 1 preferably comprises a wavelength filter array. Wavelength filter arrays are well known to the expert, for example as disclosed in DE 100 03 326 C2, WO 01/56265 A and DE 201 21 318 U1.

  With the optical assembly 5 attached to the flat panel display, the wavelength filter array defines several propagation directions for the light emitted by the individual pixels. In this case, each pixel is associated with several cross-sections so that the straight line connecting the centroid of the cross-sectional area of the visible segment of the pixel and the centroid of the cross-sectional area of the visible segment of the wavelength filter corresponds to one propagation direction. Corresponds to a wavelength filter or each wavelength filter corresponds to several pixels associated with it. This propagation direction intersects at a plurality of observation locations.

  Thus, if the display module also renders an image that combines at least two viewable images of the landscape / object, the observer can first view the first view from these viewable images with one eye from any viewing location. You will see the majority of the bits of the partial information of the selected visual image, and the other eye will see the majority of the bits of the partial information of the second selected visual image from these visual images. The person sees the 3D image from a plurality of observation places.

  FIG. 7 shows an example of a possible structure of such a combined image, hereinafter referred to as a combination of images. This figure shows this structure as an example or a combination of images suitable for 3D display consisting of 8 visual images. Pixels in the R, G, and B columns render image information in the red, green, and blue of each view image. As described in detail in DE 100 03 326 C2 and elsewhere, the box representing a pixel is a view of “1” to “8” from which each pixel obtains image information of the corresponding pixel location. Identify the image number.

  Further, FIG. 8 shows an example of the structure of a wavelength filter array that is well suited for 3D display together with the image combination structure of FIG. Similar to FIG. 7, FIG. 8 also shows only a portion of each structure. Therefore, the wavelength filter array includes only transparent and opaque filter elements in row q and column p.

  FIGS. 9 and 10 show examples of possible visual image blends that can be seen by the left and right eyes of the viewer based on the combined structure of the wavelength filter array of FIG. 8 and the image of FIG. 7, respectively. Therefore, this figure shows a 3D image generation method.

In the filter array of FIG. 8, λ _4. . λ ₂₄ is the wavelength range that blocks the entire visible spectrum for function F2 in WO 01 / 56265A, and λ ₁ . . λ ₃ is a wavelength range that is transparent to the visible spectrum, and b _max = 24, _nm = 24,

It is.
In this case, the transparent or opaque filter element is, for example, about 0.032 mm wide and about 0.298 mm high, although other dimensions can be used. Usually, since the three transparent filters are adjacent in the horizontal direction, each of the transparent boxes in FIG. 8 corresponds to a direct combination of the three transparent filters. Such a combination has a width of about 0.096 mm.

  In the case of the combined image structure of FIG. 7, the following parameters are applied with reference to the function F1 in WO01 / 56265A.

The number n of visible images is equal to 8.
Another embodiment of the optical assembly 5 is described below which is advantageous in terms of the structure of the wavelength filter array and in terms of the combined structure of each image displayed on the flat panel display.

FIG. 11 shows another possible structure for such an image combination. The combination of the images in this figure as an example consists of four visual images and is suitable for 3D display.
In the case of the combined image structure of FIG. 11, the following parameters are applied with reference to the function F1 in WO 01/56265 A.

n is equal to 4.
Further, FIG. 12 shows an example (not to scale) of a wavelength filter array structure suitable for 3D display along with the image combination structure of FIG. Similar to FIG. 11, FIG. 12 also shows only a portion of each structure. Therefore, the wavelength filter array includes only transparent and opaque filter elements in row q and column p.

In the filter array of FIG. 12, λ ₄ . . λ ₁₂ is the wavelength range that blocks the entire visible spectrum for command F2 in WO01 / 56265A, and λ ₁ . . λ ₃ is the transparent wavelength range for the visible spectrum, and b _max = 12, _nm = 12,

It is.
In this case, the transparent or opaque filter element is, for example, about 0.064 mm wide and about 0.298 mm high, although other dimensions can be used. Usually, since the three transparent filters are adjacent in the horizontal direction, each of the transparent boxes in FIG. 12 corresponds to a direct combination of the three transparent filters. Such a combination has a width of about 0.192 mm.

  FIGS. 13 and 14 show several examples of possible visual image blends that can be seen by the left and right eyes of the viewer based on the combined structure of the wavelength filter array of FIG. 12 and the image of FIG. 11, respectively. . Therefore, these figures again show how to generate a 3D image.

  To convert a flat panel display to an autostereoscopic screen easily and cheaply, another method using the optical assembly 5 can be used. The method includes the following steps.

Manufacturing or providing an optical assembly 5 that satisfies at least one of the claims set forth herein;
A flat panel display comprising an enclosure in which at least the display module and its extension 9 form a recess 10 large enough to accommodate part or most of the structured plate 1 of the optical assembly; Manufacturing or providing steps;
Push at least one of the fixed lugs 8 provided on the optical assembly 5 between the two components of the flat panel display, preferably between the segment of the display module and the segment of the enclosure Permanently fixing the optical assembly 5 to the flat panel display.

  By permanently fixing the optical assembly 5 to the flat panel display, the flat panel display is converted to an autostereoscopic flat panel display in a substantially irreversible manner. Preferably, the step for permanently securing the optical assembly 5 to the flat panel display adds one of the following actions instead of the last step of the above step.

• Flat with at least one of the narrow edges 7.1, 7.2, 7.3 or 7.4 of the structured plate 1, for example using some kind of double-sided adhesive tape or some kind of adhesive Forming an adhesive bond with a panel display component, and / or
Before attaching the optical assembly 5 to the flat panel display, for example using some kind of double-sided adhesive tape or some kind of adhesive, for example double-sided adhesive tape or adhesive on the frame 11 of the structured plate 1 To form an adhesive bond between the long area 1.2 or a long rear surface (in the direction of the line of sight) such as the frame 11 of the structured plate 1 and the components of the flat panel display. And / or
Performing an adhesive bond between the structured plate 1 or its frame 11 and the components of the flat panel display, for example by applying a certain fluid such as seeder oil, and / or
Forming a firm joint between the structured plate 1 and the flat panel display by soldering or welding;

In the case of the above method, if desired, another step can be added after each step of securing the optical assembly 5 to the flat panel display. That is,
Adjusting the position of the structured plate of the optical assembly 5 relative to the display module of the flat panel display;

  It is particularly advantageous to adjust the reciprocal position in this way if the edges of the structured optical plate 1 and the adjacent edges of the image area of the display module are not aligned as parallel as possible. Preferably, this adjustment is performed as described above.

  For example, if the optical assembly 5 including the structured plate 1 with the wavelength filter array of FIG. 8 is aligned with a display module, the test image will show areas where the visible images “2”-“8” are completely black. It is advantageous if the combined structure of the images including the eight visible images of FIG. 7 is formed, while the visible image “1” forms a complete red area.

  The purpose of this adjustment is to know the position of the structured plate 1 relative to the display module of the flat panel display where the red area that can be seen with the widest eye in the visible monocular image is located.

Similarly, the structured plate 1 comprising the wavelength filter array of FIG. 12 is preferably matched by the image combination structure for the test image of FIG.
If so, all the above methods and modified methods can be added to the other steps as well.

Displaying on the display module an image combined from several visual images of the landscape and / or object to obtain an autostereoscopic image;
Experts know how to get a combined image from several visual images. Again, see WO 01/56265 A.

  If one optical assembly 5 including the structured plate 1 must be compatible with several different display modules with different horizontal and / or vertical pixel periods (“pixel-pitch”) It is very important to magnify and display one image combined from several visual images of landscapes and / or objects disclosed in DE 101 45 133 C1, in which case an image consisting of several visual images Can be adapted to the ratio between the period of the filter elements on the filter structure and the pixel period on each display module.

  In particular, a practical advantage is that one type of optical assembly 5 can be used for various types of display modules, in particular display modules having different pixel periods (“pixel pitch”). The display of the image combination is then adapted by suitable software.

  Furthermore, if an image combined from several visual images of the landscape and / or object is displayed on the display module, for example, an array on the structured plate 1 such as filter elements arranged in rows. Any undesired rotation (i.e., non-parallel state) relative to the preferred direction of the pixel, such as pixels arranged in a column, for example, to the substantially parallel preferred direction, is the corresponding complement of the image displayed by the pixel. Images can be combined in such a way that the maximum degree of compensation is achieved by rotation.

  Corresponding rotation of the displayed image can be done by the above approach that correlates image information from two different viewing images simultaneously to at least one physically smallest pixel. This will be described in detail below with reference to FIGS. 15 and 16.

FIG. 15 is a schematic view when the structured optical plate 1 is attached to a flat panel in a rotational position relative thereto. The rotation is shown at an angle of δ = 3 °. That is, it is greatly exaggerated for explanation. Such rotation, for example, attaches the optical assembly 5 to a flat panel display, the main extension of which is slightly rotated with respect to the direction of the row (or column) of the display module due to manufacturing defects. This occurs, for example, when located inside an enclosure extension such as 9.4 (see FIG. 4). Usually, the rotation angle by this has an absolute value of 1 ° or less, but this absolute value may be larger.

  Compared to this, FIG. 15 shows a rotation angle of δ = 3 ° between the vertical edge of the structured plate 1 and the vertical dimension of the pixels of the display module 17 shown schematically. Normally, 3D displays under these circumstances are of poor quality or cannot be displayed at all. In such a case, the image can be rotated as described above.

  FIG. 16 shows the principle of the method of correcting the rotation schematically shown in FIG. 15 with the image content appropriately corrected. Columns H, I, J, K and L represent the columns of pixels, and rows M, N, O, P and Q represent the rows of pixels of display module 17 in matrix 18. A simple rotated matrix 19 consisting of virtual pixel columns and rows, forming an image combination structure, preferably has the direction of the columns or rows preferably subjected to the above rotation δ, as shown in FIG. The two rotation angles δ ′ = δ are aligned so that they lie between a matrix 18 of pixels consisting of columns HL and rows MQ and a rotated matrix 19 of virtual pixels. In the case of the figure, δ ′ = δ = 3 °.

  In order to generate properly rotated image content and thus improve 3D display, even if no 3D display is possible under these circumstances, the display module 17 of columns HL and rows MQ As shown in FIG. 16, the image content of the actual pixels is determined for each individual pixel of the matrix 18 corresponding to each rotation, and then displayed by the pixels of the display module 17. Generated.

  The actual pixel shape and size of the matrix 18 is the same as the corresponding virtual pixel shape and size of the matrix 19. This indicates, for example, that the red sub-pixel shape may be different from the green sub-pixel shape. A matrix 19 is then established with virtual pixels that allow this difference.

  The image information for each individual virtual pixel of the matrix 18 preferably projects the virtual matrix 19 to its rotational position on the actual pixel matrix 18 located in columns HL and rows MQ. , By determining the share of the area of each viewable image of the combined image structure based on the actual pixel for each virtual pixel.

  In the case of FIG. 16, for example, pixels surrounded by a broken line in the second column and the third line of the matrix 18 include about 80% of the image information of the visual image “2” and the visual image “1”. It includes a mixture of about 8% image information, about 9% image information of the visual image “1”, and about 3% image information of the visual image “8”.

  In the presence of these visual images, appropriately mixed image information, particularly for the relevant pixels of the matrix 18, can be easily calculated (eg, as a weighted average of the digital values for each image information). Whenever information has to be obtained from the correct R, G or B color channel, i.e. for example if the associated pixel (the pixel enclosed in a dashed line) emits green light, Note that it must be obtained from the nearest neighbor matrix cell.

  If the above procedure determines the image information for all the pixels of the matrix 18, this information is displayed on the actual pixel matrix of the display module 17 of each flat panel display.

Preferably, this is the top as a relative alignment of the two matrices (the actual pixel matrix 19 and matrix 18 of the display module) as long as these two pixels contain image information for the same wavelength. The image information of the left virtual pixel is imaged on the top left actual pixel. Other relative alignments can also be performed.

Loss information for the virtual and actual pixels at the edge of each matrix is simply compensated by, for example, black image information.
Recall that the actual matrix of display module pixels actually used contains significantly more rows and columns than that of FIG. For example, if a 15 inch LCD display with XGA resolution and including RGB color subpixels is used, the display has 1024 * 3 = 3072 columns and 768 rows. The corresponding matrix of virtual pixels contains approximately the same number of pixels.

  Another approach for compensating for possible rotation will be described in detail below with reference to FIGS. This description is based on the assumption that the structured optical plate 1 comprises the wavelength filter array of FIG.

  FIG. 17 is a detailed diagram illustrating the principle of a possible mixture of visible images that can be seen by one of the viewer's eyes when the wavelength filter array is attached to a flat panel display in a rotational position. . Again, to aid understanding, the filter array (parallel to the left edge of the filter array) between the filter array of the flat panel display and the display module, or more precisely, the left edge of the filter array. The rotation between the column direction of the upper filter elements and the column direction of the pixels is about δ = 3 °. That is, it is greatly exaggerated.

  FIG. 17 shows the case where the viewer's eyes first actually saw some more visual image mixture. However, as the area of the drawing expands and various things become larger, the observer's eyes will see that they see an equal share of all eight visual images. Therefore, a satisfactory 3D effect is not always obtained when the other eye of the observer sees a similar mixture of visible images.

  When an image combined from several visual images of a landscape and / or object is displayed on the display module, the image combination is, for example, approximately parallel to a matrix on a structured plate such as a row of filter elements. The rotation of the monitor pixels in the preferred direction relative to the preferred direction, for example a row of pixels, is performed in such a way as to be maximally compensated, in which case each set of images for the image represented by the monitor pixel The horizontal and / or vertical period of the viewing image of the alignment structure is such that the preferred direction defined by a series of nearest adjacent positions of one and the same visual image information bits on the changed image combination structure is the wavelength. Or a series of non-opaque nearest neighboring filter elements on a neutral density step filter array that lie approximately parallel to the preferred direction defined. It changes.

  Usually, in such cases, as already explained, the image information of two different visual images is used in order to correspond the changed image combination structure to the appropriately changed horizontal and / or vertical period of the visual image. It is necessary to correlate with at least one pixel simultaneously.

  For a more detailed explanation, reference is first made to FIG. This figure shows an image combination structure that can be advantageously used for the filter array of FIG. This image combination structure is the basis of the description with reference to FIGS.

FIG. 18 is a detailed view showing the rotation correction principle schematically shown in FIG. 17 by the corrected image combination structure. In this case, for example, the height of the image combination structure of FIG. 7 corresponding to exactly one pixel per box is magnified by a factor of 1.27. The size of the pixel itself remains unchanged. It is the structure that has been expanded.

  This enlargement changes the preferred direction defined by a series of closest adjacent positions of bits of image information of the same visual image (eg, visual image “1”). The preferred direction is substantially parallel to the preferred direction currently defined by a series of non-opaque nearest adjacent filter elements on the wavelength or neutral density step filter array.

The magnification of 1.27, selected as an example, was determined as follows. FIG. 19 is a detailed diagram illustrating the principle of a preferred direction defined by the nearest adjacent position of the bits of the image information of the same visual image (in this case, the visual image “1”). A diagonal thick line indicates this preferred direction. In this case, this line forms a gradient angle with respect to the horizontal direction, for example α ₁ .

Compared to this, FIG. 20 is a detailed diagram illustrating the principle of preferred orientation defined by a series of non-opaque (in this case transparent) nearest neighboring filter elements. Moreover, the diagonal thick line shows this suitable direction. In this case, the preferred direction forms a gradient angle with respect to the horizontal direction, for example α ₂ . Due to the rotation α ₁ ≠ α ₂ between the filter array and the pixels where the image combined by the image combination structure of FIG. 7 is displayed, but to improve the quality of the 3D image, the gradient The angles α ₁ and α ₂ are preferably equal. At this point, since the height of the combined structure of the image in FIG. 19 is expanded until the corrected gradient angle α ₁ ′ becomes equal to the gradient angle α ₂ , the gradient angle α ₁ changes as described above. . The enlargement criteria can be easily obtained from the ratio of the tangents of the angles α ₂ and α ₁ . In this case, the enlargement standard corresponds to a magnification of 1.27, for example. In this case, for example, since tan α ₂ / tan α ₁ = 1.27, α ₁ = 47 ° and α ₂ = α ₁ ′ = 53.7 °.

  The vertical enlargement of the image combination structure is the use of a density factor for this direction of 1 / 1.127 = 0.7874, and hence the column-wise magnification as described in DE 101 45 133 C1. Almost corresponds to.

In addition to the vertical expansion, the image can be reduced in the vertical direction. The horizontal scale of the combined image structure can also be achieved.
FIG. 21 is a detailed diagram illustrating the principle of preferred orientation defined by a series of closest adjacent positions of a bit of image information of the same visual image. In this case, the angle equalization in a suitable direction (α ₁ ′ = α ₂ ) was performed by the above method. Of course, it should be understood that the combined structure of the changed images is a virtual structure. That is, the changed image combination structure is normally displayed by pixels of the display module having dimensions different from the smallest pixel of the modified image combination instruction (corresponding to the box containing the view image number in this case). Satisfy the image combination command.

  Therefore, the modified image combination instruction matrix must be projected onto the actual matrix of pixels, and the monitor contains bit weights corresponding to the image information of different visual images, usually due to area share. Each of the pixels must be driven to actually implement the modified image combination instruction.

Furthermore, in principle, the rotation can be compensated in the above sense, and the structured plate 1 such as the period of the transparent filter element described above can be used only with the only criterion for modifying the combined structure of the images. The pixel period can also be adapted to the period of some structure above. By doing so, it is possible, but not absolutely, to correlate image information of two different viewing images to any one pixel simultaneously.

  In addition, for example, by specifying a coding key for shifting the various filter elements for each structure on the structured plate 1 such as a wavelength filter array, and on the flat panel display used. Code the 3D image by using an appropriate decryption key to shift the position of each visual image from which the bits of the pixel information are generated, especially for the combined structure of each image content to be displayed Can be

  The procedure described in DE 101 18 461 C2 is used to prevent piracy of hardware and software. If the user does not know the proper decryption key, the 3D image cannot be obtained from the coded wavelength filter array that is built into the structured plate.

  Finally, another advantageous and practical example of an embodiment of the optical assembly 5 will be described. In this embodiment, the optical assembly 5 is used for a wide variety of different 15 inch LCD screens with appropriate enclosure extensions (each aspect ratio is 4: 3). be able to. Such a 15 inch flat panel display is typically (width x height) 307.2 mm x 230.4 mm or 304.1 mm, such as the display of the model "Phillips 150B". × 228.1 mm visible image area.

  The structured plate 1 of the optical assembly 5 or, strictly speaking, the long front surface 1.1 and the long rear surface 1.2 have, for example, a rectangular shape with dimensions of 300 mm width × 224 mm height (or a few millimeters shorter in both directions). doing.

  The structured plate 1 consists of a wavelength filter array laminated or printed on a substrate. This filter array is located on the long surface 12 of the structured plate. For example, the substrate is preferably a glass plate having a thickness of about 1.5 mm to 2 mm. When stacking filter arrays, the filter arrays are pre-manufactured as exposed plates or films.

  The wavelength filter array has the basic structure of FIG. 8 including one column of the illustrated (p, q) matrix of about 33.2 μm width and one row of about 299 μm height. Slight changes in these dimensions up to +/− 2 μm may be advantageous in some cases. The film array structure occupies almost the entire long surface 1.2. Enlarging or darkening can adapt the image to different size display modules.

  Also, a frame 11 is installed, which attaches the structured plate 1 with grooves extending around all of the short edge surfaces 7.1 to 7.4. The frame 11 is made of metal such as aluminum or plastic, for example. The frame protrudes approximately 2 mm from each short edge. At its top and bottom surfaces, the frame 11 has a width of about 4 mm. Therefore, the structured plate 1 engages the groove by about 2 mm on both sides.

  The frame 11 is designed to protrude towards the viewer by approximately 0.5 mm from the long front surface 1.1. Furthermore, the frame protrudes in a direction away from the observer's direction by about 1.6 mm from the long rear surface 1.2. In this way, the frame 11 is doubled as a spacer between the display module and the structured optical plate 1.

  Such a frame also improves the stability of the optical assembly 5. This is because a potential mechanical load such as an external force is applied not only to the structured plate 1 but also to the frame 11.

Furthermore, two fixing lugs 8 are firmly fixed to the bottom surface of the frame 11 of the structured optical plate 1 substantially behind the short side 7.4 (in the direction of the line of sight).
The fixed lug 8 is designed as a thin metal plate with a width of about 2 mm and a thickness of about 0.2 mm protruding laterally from the frame 11 by about 4 mm. However, the fixed lug 8 does not protrude from the frame 11 in the direction of the structured plate 1 and the fixed lug 8 does not protrude into the visible image area of the display module and therefore does not cover all the pixels.

  In such an embodiment of the optical assembly 5, several pixels located at the outer edge of the display module are covered by the components of the optical assembly 5, in particular in this case by the frame 11. However, this slight drawback is fully compensated by the broad advantages of the present invention described below.

Another embodiment of the invention uses an optical assembly comprising at least the following components.
・ Structured plate 1 with dimensions of 250 mm x 350 mm x 2 mm
A ferromagnetic component configured as an iron frame which is firmly connected to the structured plate 1 and is engaged with the frame by a few millimeters, with the structured plate 1 mounted on its outer edge.

  Each having an adhesive surface for its permanent adhesive bond to the enclosure of the flat panel display, placing the ferromagnetic components of the structured plate 1 against two strip-like permanent magnets Two strip-like permanent magnets that can removably fix the optical assembly to the flat panel display.

Preferably, the strip-shaped permanent magnets are bonded to the left and right of the display surface of a 15-inch (about 38 cm) TFT-LC display by an adhesive force.
In this case, the structured plate 1 includes, for example, a glass substrate having a thickness of about 1.9 mm on which a wavelength filter array is stacked. The filter array consists of, for example, an AGFA Alliance HN 0.1 mm type full exposure and fully developed photographic film having one of the filter array structures described in DE 201 21 318 U1, for example. Of course, other film structures can be used as well.

The above embodiment can be made at a low cost and can be used easily.
The present invention has several advantages when compared to the prior art. Whatever the structure, the optical assembly 5 can be attached to a flat panel display and can be removed from the display if desired. The optical assembly 5 can be easily made at a low cost. When converted by an optical assembly, the flat panel display being used does not require any preliminary or post-use work. There is no need for trial and error processes to produce flat panel displays.

  A method for establishing an autostereoscopic flat panel display using the optical assembly 5, in particular an autostereoscopic flat panel display according to the present invention, can be used without a special enclosure design. Since it can be established without opening the next 2D flat panel display enclosure, it can be implemented at low cost. Further, the component for conversion, that is, the optical assembly 5 can be manufactured at a low cost. The invention can be used in industrial fields such as, for example, the field of 3D graphics.

  In particular, the present invention is a flat panel display of an optical assembly that is suitable for separating monoscopic images and partial images for autostereoscopic image display on a flat panel display in a simple manner and at a low cost. Can be reversibly attached. The fixing is performed regardless of the design of the flat panel display enclosure to the maximum extent.

  Finally, it should be noted that the display module can be designed for color display or monochrome display.

1 is a first embodiment of an optical assembly; 2nd embodiment of an optical assembly. Principle of optical assembly. The principle of attaching an optical assembly to a flat panel display. FIG. 4 is a detailed view of an optical assembly provided with a double frame as a spacer. FIG. 2 is a detailed view of an optical assembly provided with a frame and at least one movable fixed lug. The detailed drawing of the combination of the image which consists of eight visual recognition images suitable for 3D display. An example of the structure of the wavelength filter array suitable for 3D display with the combination of the images of FIG. 8 is an example of a mix of possible visual images that can be seen with the viewer's right eye based on the wavelength filter array of FIG. 8 and the image combination structure of FIG. 8 is an example of a mix of possible visual images that can be seen with the left eye of an observer based on the wavelength filter array of FIG. 8 and the image combination structure of FIG. The detailed view of the combination of the image which consists of four visual recognition images suitable for 3D display. An example of the structure of the wavelength filter array suitable for 3D display with the image combination of FIG. FIG. 13 is an example of a mix of possible visual images that can be seen with the viewer's right eye based on the wavelength filter array of FIG. 12 and the image combination structure of FIG. FIG. 13 is an example of a mix of possible visual images that can be seen with the left eye of an observer based on the wavelength filter array of FIG. 12 and the image combination structure of FIG. Schematic view when structured plate is mounted in a rotated position relative to a flat panel display. FIG. 16 is a detailed diagram illustrating the principle of a method of correcting the rotation of FIG. 15 based on the corrected image content. FIG. 3 is a detailed view showing the principle of mixing of visible images that can be seen with one eye of an observer when the wavelength filter array is mounted at a position rotated with respect to the flat panel display. FIG. 18 is a detailed view showing the principle of a method of correcting the rotation of FIG. 17 by a corrected image combination structure. FIG. 4 is a detailed diagram illustrating the principle of a preferred direction indicated by a series of adjacent positions of a bit of image information from one and the same visually recognized image on the image combination structure. FIG. 4 is a detailed diagram illustrating the preferred orientation principle shown by a non-opaque next adjacent filter element on a wavelength filter array mounted in a rotated position relative to a flat screen display. FIG. 4 is a detailed diagram illustrating the principle of preferred orientation indicated by a series of closest adjacent positions of bits of image information from one and the same viewing image on a changed image combination structure.

Claims (27)

An apparatus for three-dimensional display of a landscape / object that allows individual pixels in a matrix of columns and rows to be viewed simultaneously, wherein the pixels contain bits of partial information from three or more visible images of the landscape / object Because
A visual display device for reproducing the pixels;
An optical assembly (5) comprising a very large number of optical elements, preferably filter elements, arranged in front of the visual display device (in the direction of the observer's line of sight);
The light emitted by the pixel can be viewed by one eye of one or several observers of the partial information bits of the first selected visual image of the multiple visual images. And in the optical assembly (5) such that the bits of the partial information of the second selected visual image of the plurality of visual images propagate in a direction intersecting at an observation place where the other eye can see Position to,
The visual display device and the optical assembly (5) are detachably connected to each other by a fixing device;
When the optical assembly (5) is fixed to the visual display device, the image display is converted from monoscopic display to autostereoscopic display, while when the optical assembly (5) is removed from the visual display device, the image display is A device that converts autostereoscopic display to monoscopic display. The optical assembly (5) has a structured plate (1) whose structure is formed by a plurality of optical elements;
The visual display device is a flat panel display;
The means for adjusting the air pressure between the structured plate (1) and the surface of the flat panel display is installed as a fixed device, so
A vacuum is applied between the structured plate (1) and the surface of the flat panel display and the optical assembly (5) is secured to the flat panel display;
The optical assembly (5) is removed from the flat panel display when the air pressure between the structured plate (1) and the surface of the flat panel display is at or above normal pressure The apparatus of claim 1. The structured plate (1) is
・ Two dimensions,
The entire periphery of its outer edge is attached to a frame (2) having one or more spacers for forming a gap between the structured plate (1) and the surface of the flat panel display And
The apparatus of claim 2, wherein when attached to the flat panel display with the frame (2), a substantially airtight cavity is formed between the structured plate (1) and the surface of the flat panel display. .   The means for adjusting the air pressure between the structured plate (1) and the surface of the flat panel display comprises at least one manual or electric pump and / or one valve. The device described in 1.   The means for adjusting the air pressure is fixed to the frame (2) and when pressed against the flat panel display, the structured plate (1) and the surface of the flat panel display A movable, airtight, preferably made of plastic or rubber, designed to be vacuumed so that the entire assembly (5) is secured to the flat panel display. Device according to claim 3 or 4, comprising a peripheral part (6).   The means for adjusting the air pressure further comprises a valve for equalizing the pressure between a vacuum field and an external atmospheric pressure, if necessary, so that the optical assembly (5) can be easily 6. A device according to any one of claims 2 to 5, which is removable.   The device according to any one of claims 2 to 6, comprising striped segments made of rubber to seal all joints so that no air leaks. The visual display device is a flat panel display;
The means for fixing the optical assembly (5) to the flat panel display is an adhesive medium, preferably a liquid;
2. The device according to claim 1, wherein the adhesive medium absorbs the minimum amount of light possible and preferably consists of seeder oil. The visual display device is a flat panel display comprising at least a display module and an enclosure;
The optical assembly (5) comprises a structured plate (1);
The structure forms a plurality of optical elements;
The optical assembly (5) has a long front surface (1.1) and a long rear surface (1.2) and a short edge surface surrounding the entire circumference of its side surfaces (7.1-7.4);
The optical assembly (5) is fixedly or movably arranged at the structured plate (1) and protrudes from at least one of the short edge surfaces (7.2) Comprising at least one fixing element;
The optical assembly (5) is fixed by pushing the fixing element between the two components of the flat panel display, preferably between the segment of the display module and the segment of the enclosure. The apparatus of claim 1.   The structured plate (1) can be positioned between protrusions protruding from the enclosure of the flat panel display in the direction of the observer, and its outer edge of the structured plate (1) is The device of claim 9, wherein the device is sized to contact the protrusion.   A plurality of fixed lugs (8) are provided on at least one short edge surface (7.2), at least one of these fixed lugs being moved by a sliding device and / or a pivoting device When the optical assembly (5) is placed against the flat panel display, the optical assembly (5) does not protrude from each short edge surface (7.2), and the optical assembly ( 11 or 10, which can be slid or pivoted so as to protrude from at least one short edge surface (7.2) and be positioned between the two components of the flat panel display in order to secure 5) The device described in 1.   Further comprising at least one clamp secured to one short edge of the structured plate (1) and used to clamp the optical assembly (5) to the enclosure of the flat panel display. The device according to any one of claims 9 to 11. The visual display device is a flat panel display comprising at least one display module and an enclosure;
The optical assembly comprises at least one structured plate (1), the structure being composed of the plurality of optical elements;
The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the magnetic means is provided as a fixed device.   At least one ferromagnetic or paramagnetic component fixedly or movably fixed to said structured plate (1), and at least one strip-like permanent fixed to said flat panel display enclosure The optical assembly (5) can be removably secured to the flat panel display by contacting a permanent magnet with a magnet so that the ferromagnetic or paramagnetic component is attracted. The apparatus of claim 13.   Device according to claim 13 or 14, wherein the ferromagnetic or paramagnetic component is configured as a frame (11) for mounting the structured plate (1).   The structured plate (1) has a substantially rectangular outline with dimensions larger than or equal to the visible area of the display module of the flat panel display, the optical assembly (5) having its outer edge at the flat Device according to any one of claims 2 to 15, which is sized to contact a panel display enclosure segment, in particular an enclosure projection (9).   17. The structured plate (1) according to any one of claims 2 to 16, wherein the structured plate (1) is designed as a filter array, a lenticular screen, a barrier screen or a prism array containing appropriately designed optical elements. The device described. The structured plate (1) is designed as a filter array having at least a plurality of wavelength filters, neutral density step filters and / or polarizing filters;
When the optical assembly (5) is fixed to the visual display device, each pixel of the display module corresponds to several interrelated wavelength, neutral density or polarization filters of the filter array Conversely, one wavelength, neutral density or polarizing filter of the filter array is
The straight line connecting the centroid of the cross-sectional area of the visible segment of the pixel and the centroid of the cross-sectional area of the visible segment of the wavelength, neutral density, or polarizing filter corresponds to the propagation direction of one light from each pixel. In addition,
Corresponding to several interrelated pixels of the display module;
The propagation directions intersect at multiple observation locations,
From each observation location, the observer sees the majority of bits of the partial information of the first selected visual image of the plurality of visual images with one eye and the second selected visual image with the other eye See the majority bits of partial information,
The apparatus according to claim 17, wherein, as a result, the observer views a 3D image from a plurality of viewing locations.   19. Apparatus according to claim 18, wherein the structured plate (1) is designed as a substrate comprising a wavelength filter array laminated or printed thereon.   Means for movably holding said structured plate (1) suitable for use in combination with a tracking unit to detect the position of the eyes of one observer or several observers The apparatus of any one of Claims 2-19 by which is installed.   2. Means for adjusting the position of the optical assembly (5) or the structured plate (1) relative to the visual display device, these means comprising in particular a screw micrometer and / or an eccentric mechanism. The apparatus of any one of -20. The flat panel display is autostereoscopic using an optical assembly (5) satisfying at least one of claims 2 to 21, wherein the optical assembly (5) is removably fixed to the flat panel display with a fixing device. A temporary conversion to a flat panel display.   After securing the optical assembly (5) to the flat panel display, the position of the optical assembly (5) and / or the structured plate (1) contained within the optical assembly (5) is 23. The method of claim 22, wherein the method is adjusted for a panel display. The adjustment is as follows:
The test image is preferably exactly (n-1) viewable images each corresponding to one complete black area, and exactly one viewable image is completely white or completely The flat panel display when composed of n (n> 2) visual images arranged in rows and / or columns to correspond to a blue or completely green or completely red area Display the test image on top,
Continuously shifting the position of the optical assembly (5) or the structured plate (1) with respect to the flat panel display, and also a white, blue, green or red area where the monocular image has a maximum range 24. The method of claim 23, wherein the method is performed to visually inspect a monocular image that is arbitrarily selected but visible from a permanent monocular viewing location until a relative position is indicated. the method of.   By displaying a single image composed of several visual images of the landscape and / or object, for example in a substantially parallel preferred direction of the matrix on the structured optical plate, such as a row of filter elements. The current arbitrary rotation of the preferred direction of the pixel, such as a column of pixels, for example, is compensated to the maximum extent possible by rotating the image that the pixel displays by the correct amount. The method of any one of -24.   One viewing image parallel to a series of non-opaque nearest adjacent filter elements on said wavelength or neutral density step filter array using a structured plate with wavelength or neutral density step filter array 26. The method of claim 25, wherein any current rotation is compensated by aligning a series of nearest neighboring positions of a plurality of bits of image information.   When an image composed of several visual images of a landscape and / or object is displayed on the flat panel display, at least one bit of image information from two different visual images 27. A method according to any one of claims 22 to 26, wherein the combination of images is performed such that they are correlated simultaneously with the smallest physical pixel, preferably a color subpixel.

Images