JP2005529288A - Self-locking fastening device - Google Patents

Self-locking fastening device Download PDF

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JP2005529288A
JP2005529288A JP2003588091A JP2003588091A JP2005529288A JP 2005529288 A JP2005529288 A JP 2005529288A JP 2003588091 A JP2003588091 A JP 2003588091A JP 2003588091 A JP2003588091 A JP 2003588091A JP 2005529288 A JP2005529288 A JP 2005529288A
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fastening device
shim
screw
nut
self
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JP4133838B2 (en
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エッサー ヨーゼフ
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テクストロン フェアビンドゥングステヒニク ゲーエムベーハー アンド カンパニー オーハーゲー
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B39/00—Locking of screws, bolts or nuts
    • F16B39/22—Locking of screws, bolts or nuts in which the locking takes place during screwing down or tightening
    • F16B39/24—Locking of screws, bolts or nuts in which the locking takes place during screwing down or tightening by means of washers, spring washers, or resilient plates that lock against the object
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B43/00—Washers or equivalent devices; Other devices for supporting bolt-heads or nuts

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Bolts, Nuts, And Washers (AREA)
  • Connection Of Plates (AREA)
  • Gasket Seals (AREA)
  • Clamps And Clips (AREA)

Abstract

A self-locking fastening device which includes a screw or nut for fastening at least one first part to a second part and a shim ( 10 ) which is provided with a central borehole ( 11 ). The two surfaces of the shim ( 10 ) include rib profiles ( 12,14 ) which are fixed within or to the surfaces of the first part and the screw or nut no later than the time that the fastening device is tightened such that self-actuated unscrewing is prevented. The shim ( 10 ) is configured in a resilient manner such that the shim ( 10 ) can be compressed counter to the resilience thereof during tightening of the fastening device.

Description

本発明は、少なくとも１つの第１部材を第２の部材に留めるためのねじ又はナットを含む自己−ロッキング式留め装置であって、この留め装置が中心のボア孔を備えた座金を含み、この座金がその表面に、自動ねじ弛み(self-actuated unscrewing)を防止するように留め装置の締め付け中に第１部材とねじ又はナットの表面内に又は表面に固定される手段を含んでいる構成の自己−ロッキング式留め装置に関するものである。   The present invention is a self-locking fastening device comprising a screw or nut for fastening at least one first member to a second member, the fastening device comprising a washer with a central bore hole, The washer is configured to include a means secured to or on the surface of the first member and the screw or nut during tightening of the fastening device to prevent self-actuated unscrewing on the surface. Self-locking fastening device.

両側にリブの付いた座金を含むかかる自己−ロッキング式留め装置は、EP 426 895 B1 から既知である。   Such a self-locking fastening device comprising a washer with ribs on both sides is known from EP 426 895 B1.

ここに開示される自己−ロッキング式留め装置は、十分な予備張力がねじ連結に存在する限りにおいてのみ、有効な安全装置として DE 2556985 C2 に記載された自己−ロッキング式ねじと同様に作用する。極度の沈下(settling)に起因する連結がその予備張力を失った場合には、締め戻し(untightening)を阻止するロッキング作用は存在しない。固定の必要性は小さい締め長さをもつ短いねじ連結に関連して主に存在するので、締め戻しの危険性は大きい、というのは、小さい締め長さに関連するねじの弾性伸びはあまりに小さいからである。このような場合、ミリメートルの１０分の２、３という非常に小さい沈下(settling)量は予備張力の損失をもたらし、それ故ねじ連結に自動ねじ弛みを生じる危険性をもたらすことになる。   The self-locking fastening device disclosed here acts in the same way as the self-locking screw described in DE 2556985 C2 as an effective safety device, as long as sufficient pretension exists in the screw connection. If the connection due to extreme settling loses its pretension, there is no locking action to prevent untightening. Since the need for fixing exists mainly in connection with short screw connections with small tightening lengths, the risk of tightening is great, because the elastic elongation of screws associated with small tightening lengths is too small Because. In such a case, a very small amount of settling, two-thirds of a millimeter, will result in a loss of pretension and hence the risk of causing automatic screw loosening in the screw connection.

従って本発明によって解決すべき課題は、補償され得る沈下量が実質上より大きくなり、それ故予備張力の損失を生じる危険性が実質上より小さくなるように、EP 426 895 B1による自己−ロッキング式留め装置を改良することである。   The problem to be solved by the present invention is therefore that self-locking according to EP 426 895 B1 so that the amount of settlement that can be compensated is substantially greater and therefore the risk of causing loss of pretension is substantially less. It is to improve the fastening device.

本発明によれば、この課題は、座金が留め装置の締め付け中にそのばね力に抵抗して圧縮できるような弾性を有するという特徴によって解決される。  According to the present invention, this problem is solved by the feature that the washer is elastic so that it can be compressed against its spring force during tightening of the fastening device.

この連結では、座金は径方向において反らされて(cambered)おり、凹状の側は部材に面しそして凸状の側はねじヘッド又はナットに夫々向いている。こうすれば、できるだけ大きな座金のばね力が得られる。   In this connection, the washer is cambered in the radial direction with the concave side facing the member and the convex side facing the screw head or nut, respectively. In this way, the spring force of the washer as large as possible can be obtained.

更に、座金のみが径方向の外縁区域で反らされる一方、内側部分は平らとするのが好適である。こうすれば、平らな内側の支持に依って、予備張力の損失が大きくても、ねじの支持の全長に亘って座金の上側のリブはねじ頭部との接触を維持することが保証される。座金の底側では、このことは絶対的に必要ではない。というのは、非常に大きな摩擦半径に起因して、開き方向への座金のはね返りがあっても、十分なロッキング作用が維持されるからである。   Furthermore, it is preferred that only the washer is warped at the radially outer edge area while the inner part is flat. In this way, the flat inner support ensures that the upper rib of the washer remains in contact with the screw head over the entire length of the screw support, even with a large loss of pretension. . On the bottom side of the washer, this is not absolutely necessary. This is because a sufficient locking action is maintained even if the washer rebounds in the opening direction due to a very large friction radius.

これに関して、もし外側の反らされた縁区域のみが内部ボア孔と外縁間の座金の幅の半分に亘って延びるならば、最適のばねの特徴が得られる。   In this regard, optimum spring characteristics are obtained if only the outer curved edge area extends over half the width of the washer between the inner bore hole and the outer edge.

好適には、自動ねじ弛みを阻止する手段として、リブ状輪郭体が提供される。これらは最も簡単に作ることができそして大きな効率をもつ。   Preferably, a rib-like profile is provided as a means to prevent automatic screw loosening. These are the easiest to make and have great efficiency.

材料と製造費を節約するために、これに関しては、ねじ又はナットのみに面した表面上のリブ状輪郭体が、ボア孔に近い内側区域におよび外縁に近い外側区域で部材にのみ向いた表面上に設けられるのが好適である。   In order to save material and manufacturing costs, in this regard, the ribbed profile on the surface facing only the screw or nut is the surface facing only the member in the inner area close to the bore hole and in the outer area close to the outer edge. It is preferable to be provided above.

これに関して、リブ状輪郭体のみが座金の径方向幅の半分から２分の３までに亘って延びるのが特に好適である。
以下、本発明の図示の２つの実施例につき更に詳細に説明する。 In this connection, it is particularly preferred that only the rib-like contours extend from half to three-half of the radial width of the washer.
Hereinafter, two illustrated embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail.

図１は自己−ロッキング式留め装置の本発明による座金の第１実施例を示す。シム(shim)１０はねじ山担体（ボルト、ねじ）を通すための中心ボア孔１１をもつ座金の普通の形をもつ。普通の座金とは異なり、本発明のこの座金は内側から外側までの半径に亘って反らされており、かつ十分に強い弾性材料から成る。   FIG. 1 shows a first embodiment of a washer according to the invention of a self-locking fastening device. The shim 10 has the usual shape of a washer with a central bore hole 11 for the thread carrier (bolts, screws) to pass through. Unlike ordinary washers, the washers of the present invention are warped over a radius from the inside to the outside and are made of a sufficiently strong elastic material.

図１では、シム１０は、対応するねじの頭部又は対応するナットがシムの上に置かれ、そして留められるべき部材がシムの下に置かれるようにして示されている。こうして、シム１０はねじ頭部又はナットの方向に凸状に反らされており、そして部材の方向に凹状に反らされている。実際の使用では、ねじ頭部又はナットに向いたシム１０の頂側は、シムの幅の約３分の２に亘って延びている適当なリブ状輪郭体１２を備えた中心のボア孔に直接隣接している。   In FIG. 1, the shim 10 is shown such that the corresponding screw head or corresponding nut is placed over the shim and the member to be fastened is placed under the shim. Thus, the shim 10 is warped convexly in the direction of the screw head or nut and is warped concavely in the direction of the member. In actual use, the top side of the shim 10 facing the screw head or nut is in a central bore hole with a suitable rib-like profile 12 extending over about two-thirds of the shim width. Directly adjacent.

同じ仕方で、部材に向いたシム１０の底側はもまた、外縁からその幅の約半分まで延びる適当なリブ状輪郭体を備える。例えば対応するリブ状輪郭体は EP 426895 B1 、又は DE 2556985 C2 から既知であり、従ってここで更に詳細に説明する必要はない。   In the same way, the bottom side of the shim 10 facing the member is also provided with a suitable rib-like profile extending from the outer edge to about half its width. Corresponding rib-like profiles are known, for example, from EP 426895 B1 or DE 2556985 C2, and therefore do not need to be described in more detail here.

図２は自己−ロッキング式留め装置用の本発明の他の実施例の座金１０′を示し、この場合、シム１０′はその内部領域でシム１０′の幅のほぼ半分まで平らにされ、そしてその後シムの反りは径方向で更に外方に始まっている。更に、ねじ頭部又はナットに向いたシム１０′の頂側には、夫々、適当なリブ状輪郭体１２′が平らな区域のみにある一方、部材に面するシム１０′の底側には外側の反らされた区域にのみリブ状輪郭体１４′が設けられているにすぎない。   FIG. 2 shows another embodiment of a washer 10 'according to the invention for a self-locking fastening device, in which the shim 10' is flattened to approximately half the width of the shim 10 'in its interior region, and After that, the warpage of the shim starts further outward in the radial direction. Furthermore, on the top side of the shim 10 'facing the screw head or nut, respectively, a suitable rib-like profile 12' is only in the flat area, while on the bottom side of the shim 10 'facing the member. Only the rib-like contour 14 'is provided in the outer warped area.

本発明のこれらの座金１０、１０′をもつ自己−ロッキング式留め装置の機能は、座金１０、１０′は留め装置の締め付け中に、座金１０、１０′の材料のはね返り作用に抵抗して平らな輪郭に押圧されるように改善される。そうすれば、リブ状輪郭体１２、１４、１２′、１４′は、例えばEP 426895 B1 に示される如く、夫々ねじ頭部又はナットおよびワークピースの材料内に埋め込まれる。こうすれば、あまりにも大きい摩擦に打ち勝たねばならないので、留め装置は自動ねじ弛みに抵抗して固定される。   The function of the self-locking fastening device with these washers 10, 10 'of the present invention is that the washers 10, 10' are flat against resisting the rebound action of the material of the washers 10, 10 'during fastening of the fastening device. It is improved so that it may be pressed to a proper contour. The rib-like contours 12, 14, 12 ', 14' are then embedded in the screw head or nut and workpiece material, respectively, for example as shown in EP 426895 B1. In this way, too much friction must be overcome, so that the fastening device is secured against automatic screw loosening.

連結は沈下すること(settling)であるとすべき場合、本発明の座金１０、１０′は再び（部分的に）開き方向にはね返り、リブ状輪郭体１２、１４、１２′、１４′は、沈下しているにもかかわらず、やはり十分な力で夫々ねじ頭部又はナットに抵抗して、同様に部材にも抵抗して、押圧される。相応の沈下にもかかわらず、自動ねじ弛みに抵抗する安全性は維持される。   If the connection is to be settling, the washer 10, 10 'of the present invention rebounds (partially) in the opening direction and the rib-like profiles 12, 14, 12', 14 ' Despite being submerged, it is still pressed with sufficient force to resist the screw head or nut, and similarly to the member. Despite the corresponding sinking, the safety of resisting automatic screw loosening is maintained.

本発明にとっては、シムのばね力ができるだけ大きければ非常に有利である。しかし、シムの頂面と底面の全体にリブ状輪郭体を打ち出し加工することは絶対的に必要なことではない。ボア孔１０から外径の方へ、シム支持部の約３分の２だけリブ１２を頂側に提供すれば、十分である。底側では、図１に示す如く、外径上でボア孔１０の方向に支持部の長さの半分にリブ１４を提供すれば十分である。もしリブが、両側にリブを設けたEP 426895 に従って平らなディスクに対応する仕方でシムの頂側と底側の全体にわたって設けられるならば、本発明のシムもまた当然機能する。しかしこの目的に必要な費用は部分的に節約することができる。   For the present invention, it is very advantageous if the spring force of the shim is as large as possible. However, it is not absolutely necessary to stamp and process the rib-like contours on the entire top and bottom surfaces of the shim. It is sufficient to provide the ribs 12 on the top side from the bore hole 10 towards the outer diameter by about two thirds of the shim support. On the bottom side, as shown in FIG. 1, it is sufficient to provide ribs 14 on the outer diameter in the direction of bore hole 10 at half the length of the support. If the ribs are provided across the top and bottom sides of the shim in a manner corresponding to a flat disk according to EP 426895 with ribs on both sides, the shim of the invention will of course also work. However, the costs required for this purpose can be partially saved.

図２の実施例は、予備張力が大きく失われた状態にあり、夫々ねじ頭部又はナットの平らな内側の支持部に起因するシムの頂側のリブ１２′はまだ夫々ねじ又はナットの支持部の全長に亘ってねじ頭部又はナットと接触したままになっていることを保証している。シムの底側では、このことは絶対的に必要なことではない。というのは、摩擦半径が非常に大きいため、開き方向にシム１０′がはね返っても十分な安全作用が維持されるからである。   The embodiment of FIG. 2 is in a state where the pretension has been greatly lost, and the rib 12 'on the top side of the shim due to the flat inner support of the screw head or nut, respectively, still supports the screw or nut, respectively. It is guaranteed that it remains in contact with the screw head or nut over the entire length of the part. On the bottom side of the shim, this is not absolutely necessary. This is because the friction radius is so large that a sufficient safety action is maintained even if the shim 10 'rebounds in the opening direction.

本発明による座金の材料と熱処理は両側にリブをもつEP 426895 B1 に従ったディスクにおけるのと同じ仕方で使用しかつ実施するとができる。   The washer material and heat treatment according to the invention can be used and carried out in the same way as in a disc according to EP 426895 B1 with ribs on both sides.

本発明の自己−ロッキング式留め装置用の座金の横断面図である。FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a washer for a self-locking fastening device of the present invention. この座金の第２実施例の横断面図である。It is a cross-sectional view of the second embodiment of this washer.

Claims (7)

少なくとも第１の部材をもう１つの部材に留めるためのねじ又はナットを含む自己−ロッキング式留め装置であって、留め装置が中心のボア孔（１１、１１′）を備え、このボア孔がその両表面に手段（１２、１４；１２′、１４′）を備え、これらの手段は第１部材の表面およびねじ又はナット内に又はそれらに、自動ねじ弛みを防止するように留め装置が締め付けられるときより遅くないときに固定される構成を有する自己−ロッキング式留め装置において、 シム（１０、１０′）が、留め装置を締め付ける間にその弾性に反する向きに圧縮されることができるような弾性様式に形作られていることを特徴とする自己−ロッキング式留め装置。 Self-locking fastening device comprising a screw or nut for fastening at least a first member to another member, the fastening device comprising a central bore hole (11, 11 '), which bore hole Means (12, 14; 12 ', 14') are provided on both surfaces, these means being clamped to the surface of the first member and in or on the screw or nut to prevent automatic screw loosening In a self-locking fastening device having a configuration that is fixed when not later than in time, the shim (10, 10 ') is elastic so that it can be compressed in a direction opposite its elasticity while tightening the fastening device Self-locking fastening device characterized in that it is shaped into a style. シム（１０、１０′）が反らされており、その凹面側が部材にそしてその凸面側がねじ頭部又はナットに夫々向いていることを特徴とする請求項１に記載の留め装置。 2. Fastening device according to claim 1, characterized in that the shim (10, 10 ') is warped, with its concave side facing the member and its convex side facing the screw head or nut. シム（１０′）はその外縁区域でのみ径方向に反らされている一方、その内側区域は平らであることを特徴とする請求項２に記載の留め装置。 Fastening device according to claim 2, characterized in that the shim (10 ') is deflected radially only at its outer edge area, while its inner area is flat. 反らされた外縁区域は、内部ボア孔（１１′）と外縁間のシム（１０′）の幅の半分に亘ってのみ延びていることを特徴とする請求項３に記載の留め装置。 4. Fastening device according to claim 3, characterized in that the warped outer edge area extends only over half the width of the shim (10 ') between the inner bore hole (11') and the outer edge. 自動ねじ弛みを防止する手段としてリブ状輪郭体（１２，１４；１２′、１４′）を備えたことを特徴とする請求項１乃至４の何れか１項に記載の留め装置。 5. Fastening device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises rib-like contours (12, 14; 12 ', 14') as means for preventing automatic screw loosening. リブ状輪郭体（１２，１４；１２′、１４′）はナット又はねじに向いた表面上でボア孔（１１，１１′）に近い内側区域に設けられ、そして部材に向いた側では外縁に近い外側区域に設けられていることを特徴とする請求項５に記載の留め装置。 Ribbed profiles (12, 14; 12 ', 14') are provided in the inner area near the bore hole (11, 11 ') on the surface facing the nut or screw and on the outer edge on the side facing the member. 6. Fastening device according to claim 5, characterized in that it is provided in a near outer area. リブ状輪郭体はシムの径方向の幅の半分から３分の２までに亘って延びていることを特徴とする請求項６に記載の留め装置。 7. The fastening device according to claim 6, wherein the rib-like profile extends from half to two thirds of the radial width of the shim.
JP2003588091A 2002-04-23 2003-03-19 Self-locking fastening device Expired - Fee Related JP4133838B2 (en)

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DE20206373U DE20206373U1 (en) 2002-04-23 2002-04-23 Self-locking fastening device
PCT/DE2003/000932 WO2003091583A1 (en) 2002-04-23 2003-03-19 Self-locking fastening device

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JP2005529288A true JP2005529288A (en) 2005-09-29
JP4133838B2 JP4133838B2 (en) 2008-08-13

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US (1) US7192232B2 (en)
EP (1) EP1497567B1 (en)
JP (1) JP4133838B2 (en)
CN (1) CN1324246C (en)
AT (1) ATE304126T1 (en)
AU (1) AU2003223888B2 (en)
BR (1) BR0309417B1 (en)
CA (1) CA2482127C (en)
DE (3) DE20206373U1 (en)
ES (1) ES2252668T3 (en)
MX (1) MXPA04010479A (en)
WO (1) WO2003091583A1 (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2009144883A (en) * 2007-12-18 2009-07-02 Shinko Bolt Co Ltd Washer

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EP1497567A1 (en) 2005-01-19
CA2482127C (en) 2007-09-11
EP1497567B1 (en) 2005-09-07
US20050158140A1 (en) 2005-07-21
JP4133838B2 (en) 2008-08-13
DE50301154D1 (en) 2005-10-13
DE10391967D2 (en) 2005-04-21
MXPA04010479A (en) 2004-12-13
CN1324246C (en) 2007-07-04
BR0309417B1 (en) 2014-03-11
DE20206373U1 (en) 2002-08-08
AU2003223888A1 (en) 2003-11-10
BR0309417A (en) 2005-02-01
CN1656322A (en) 2005-08-17
CA2482127A1 (en) 2003-11-06
US7192232B2 (en) 2007-03-20
ATE304126T1 (en) 2005-09-15
WO2003091583A1 (en) 2003-11-06
AU2003223888B2 (en) 2008-05-08
ES2252668T3 (en) 2006-05-16

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