JP2005525468A - Gray cast iron alloy and internal combustion engine casting parts - Google Patents

Gray cast iron alloy and internal combustion engine casting parts Download PDF

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JP2005525468A
JP2005525468A JP2004503680A JP2004503680A JP2005525468A JP 2005525468 A JP2005525468 A JP 2005525468A JP 2004503680 A JP2004503680 A JP 2004503680A JP 2004503680 A JP2004503680 A JP 2004503680A JP 2005525468 A JP2005525468 A JP 2005525468A
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ペントティネン、マレッティ
ビヨルクリンド、トビアス
ビヨルクマン、カール
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スカニア シーブイ アクチボラグ（パブル）
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
    • C22C33/08—Making cast-iron alloys
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    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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    • C22C37/00—Cast-iron alloys
    • C22C37/06—Cast-iron alloys containing chromium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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Abstract

A substantially perlitic, grey cast iron alloy comprising, by weight, 3.2 - 3.49% carbon, 1.8 - 2.2% silicon, < 0.15% sulphur, < 0.15% phosphorus, 0.3 - 0.8% manganese, 0.2 - 0.4% chromium, 0.1 - 0.4% molybdenum, 0.03 - 0.3% vanadium, 0.3 - 1.0% copper, < 0.15% niobium, the balance iron and impurities.

Description

本発明は、ねずみ鋳鉄合金に関する。より具体的には、本発明は、疲労強度を改善するためにさらなる合金元素を含む、実質的にパーライトのねずみ鋳鉄に関する。   The present invention relates to gray cast iron alloys. More specifically, the present invention relates to a substantially pearlitic gray cast iron containing additional alloying elements to improve fatigue strength.

本発明はさらに、本発明によるねずみ鋳鉄合金からの鋳造物である、内燃機関の部品に関する。   The invention further relates to a component of an internal combustion engine which is a cast from a gray cast iron alloy according to the invention.

ねずみ鋳鉄は、比較的低コストであるだけでなく優れた性能のために好適であるため、例えば乗物用の内燃機関のエンジンブロックとして最も魅力的な材料である。これまでもかなり広範囲の組成が知られているが、そうした組成は通常、引張強度や摩耗特性など、使用される材料の特性と、コストや機械加工性などの製造特性との間の妥協点である。   Gray cast iron is the most attractive material, for example as an engine block for internal combustion engines for vehicles, because it is suitable for superior performance as well as being relatively low cost. A fairly wide range of compositions has been known to date, but such a composition is usually a compromise between the properties of the materials used, such as tensile strength and wear properties, and manufacturing properties such as cost and machinability. is there.

したがって、鋳造による内燃機関のエンジンブロックの場合、母材０１２０は以下の表１の組成を有し、一般の標準的な合金はやはり表１の組成を有しており、スカニアの標準的な合金は、比較的高い炭素含有量によりパーライト組織を有するねずみ鋳鉄、及び安定な（孔のない）材料をもたらす。   Accordingly, in the case of an engine block of an internal combustion engine by casting, the base material 0120 has the composition shown in Table 1 below, and the general standard alloy also has the composition shown in Table 1 below. Produces a gray cast iron with a pearlite structure and a stable (no pore) material with a relatively high carbon content.

しかし、現在のところ十分許容できるとはいえ、今日では現在の特性を補足するものとして改善された疲労強度が望まれており、それによってこうした従来技術のねずみ鋳鉄の可能な用途が広がることになる。   However, although currently well tolerated, improved fatigue strength is desired today as a supplement to current properties, thereby broadening the possible uses of these prior art gray cast irons. .

本発明の一目的は、優れた機械加工特性を与え、さらに標準的な合金と比べて実質的に改善された疲労強度を有する、比較的安定な組織を有するねずみ鋳鉄を提供することである。   One object of the present invention is to provide a gray cast iron having a relatively stable structure that provides excellent machining characteristics and has substantially improved fatigue strength compared to standard alloys.

本発明の他の目的は、標準的な合金と比べて実質的に改善された疲労強度を有する、エンジンブロックなど、ねずみ鋳鉄による内燃機関の部品を提供することである。   Another object of the present invention is to provide a component of an internal combustion engine with gray cast iron, such as an engine block, which has a substantially improved fatigue strength compared to standard alloys.

本発明の目的は、請求項１に記載のねずみ鋳鉄によって達成される。好ましい実施形態を従属請求項に明記する。   The object of the invention is achieved by a gray cast iron according to claim 1. Preferred embodiments are specified in the dependent claims.

さらに本発明の目的は、請求項９に記載の、ねずみ鋳鉄による内燃機関の部品によって達成される。好ましい実施形態を従属請求項に明記する。   Furthermore, the object of the invention is achieved by a component of an internal combustion engine with gray cast iron according to claim 9. Preferred embodiments are specified in the dependent claims.

以下の記載では、明記した合金中の元素について示した百分率はすべて、重量百分率として示してある。   In the following description, all percentages given for the elements in the specified alloy are given as weight percentages.

本発明による合金は、実質的にパーライト組織を有するねずみ鋳鉄であり、炭素含有量は３．２〜３．４９％である。比較的高い炭素含有量により、安定な組織が促される。パーライト／カーバイドを安定させる性質を有するクロムを０．２〜０．４％加えると、微細パーライト組織がもたらされる。   The alloy according to the present invention is gray cast iron having a substantially pearlite structure and has a carbon content of 3.2 to 3.49%. A relatively high carbon content promotes a stable structure. Addition of 0.2-0.4% chromium with the property of stabilizing pearlite / carbide results in a fine pearlite structure.

０．１〜０．４％のモリブデン、０．０３〜０．３％のバナジウム、０．００７〜０．０１５％のチタン、及び０．１５未満のニオブを加えると、それらのカーバイドを形成する性質に加えて、（一次析出カーバイドとしても二次析出カーバイドとしても）鋳造物としての微細パーライト組織及び片状黒鉛組織をもたらす核として働くようになる。モリブデンはまた、高温においてパーライトを安定させる。   Add 0.1-0.4% molybdenum, 0.03-0.3% vanadium, 0.007-0.015% titanium, and less than 0.15 niobium to form their carbides. In addition to the properties, it acts as a nucleus that provides a fine pearlite structure and flake graphite structure as a casting (both primary and secondary precipitation carbides). Molybdenum also stabilizes pearlite at high temperatures.

ケイ素は１．８〜２．２％の量だけ存在し、ねずみ鋳鉄の形成を促す。   Silicon is present in an amount of 1.8-2.2% and promotes the formation of gray cast iron.

パーライト安定化剤として、０．３〜０．８％のマンガンが存在する。   As a pearlite stabilizer, 0.3 to 0.8% manganese is present.

銅は、この場合０．３〜１．０％の量であり、パーライト形成を促しパーライトを安定させ、また微細組織の形成も促す。   Copper is in this case in an amount of 0.3-1.0% and promotes the formation of pearlite, stabilizes the pearlite and also promotes the formation of a fine structure.

イオウ及びリンの含有量は、０．１５％未満に抑えるべきである。   The sulfur and phosphorus content should be kept below 0.15%.

窒素は０．００５〜０．０１７％で、片状黒鉛を圧縮してパーライト形成を促し、アルミニウムは０．０１％未満で、黒鉛形成剤として働く。   Nitrogen is 0.005 to 0.017%, compresses flake graphite to promote pearlite formation, and aluminum is less than 0.01% and acts as a graphite former.

ねずみ鋳鉄合金はさらに、帳尻が合う量の鉄及び通常の不純物を含む。チタン、窒素及びアルミニウムの量は通常の不純物の範囲内であるが、それが好ましい可能性がある。   The gray cast iron alloy further includes a suitable amount of iron and normal impurities. The amount of titanium, nitrogen and aluminum is within the range of normal impurities, but it may be preferred.

１５００ｋｇのバッチを調製した。各バッチは４個の３００ｋｇのエンジンブロックに鋳造され、鋳造は１４２０℃で始まり、鋳造工程中に温度が約１０℃低下した。   A 1500 kg batch was prepared. Each batch was cast into four 300 kg engine blocks, the casting started at 1420 ° C and the temperature dropped by about 10 ° C during the casting process.

ベース合金を用いて、モリブデン、バナジウム、チタン及びニオブの１０通りの異なる組合せのバッチを製造した。   The base alloy was used to produce batches of 10 different combinations of molybdenum, vanadium, titanium and niobium.

さらに、異なる核形成剤（接種剤）を有する１６種類の異なるバッチで、窒素及びアルミニウムの含有量を変化させた。   In addition, the nitrogen and aluminum contents were varied in 16 different batches with different nucleating agents (inoculum).

各鋳造物から疲労試験のサンプルを採取し、疲労試験を行った。   Fatigue test samples were taken from each casting and subjected to fatigue tests.

さらに、前の試験から最良の結果を示した組成を組み合わせたバッチを製造し、疲労試験を行った。   In addition, a batch combining the compositions that showed the best results from the previous test was manufactured and subjected to a fatigue test.

結果を図１に示すが、曲線３は本発明の組成範囲内の組成に対応しており、この組成も表１に示してある。   The results are shown in FIG. 1. Curve 3 corresponds to a composition within the composition range of the present invention, and this composition is also shown in Table 1.

本発明によるねずみ鋳鉄は、ねずみ鋳鉄のベース合金より約４０％高い疲労強度、及び標準的なエンジンブロックのねずみ鋳鉄より約３０％高い疲労強度を示し、さらに機械加工性、安定性などについて高い性能を実現するねずみ鋳鉄が提供される。   The gray cast iron according to the present invention exhibits about 40% higher fatigue strength than the gray cast iron base alloy and about 30% higher fatigue strength than the standard engine block gray cast iron, and also has high performance in terms of machinability and stability. A gray cast iron that achieves the above is provided.

上述のように、本発明によるねずみ鋳鉄合金は、エンジンブロック部品など、内燃機関鋳造部品としてきわめて有用であり、機械加工性、安定性及び高い疲労強度を兼ね備えている。この合金はまた、シリンダヘッドなど他の部品にも有用である。

Figure 2005525468
As described above, the gray cast iron alloy according to the present invention is extremely useful as an internal combustion engine casting component such as an engine block component, and has both machinability, stability and high fatigue strength. This alloy is also useful for other parts such as cylinder heads.
Figure 2005525468

ベース合金、標準的な合金、及び本発明による合金に対するヴェーラー疲労曲線を示す図である。FIG. 3 shows a Vehrer fatigue curve for a base alloy, a standard alloy, and an alloy according to the present invention.

Claims (10)

重量で
３．２〜３．４９％の炭素
１．８〜２．２％のケイ素
０．１５％未満のイオウ
０．１５％未満のリン
０．３〜０．８％のマンガン
０．２〜０．４％のクロム
０．１〜０．４％のモリブデン
０．０３〜０．３％のバナジウム
０．３〜１．０％の銅
０．１５％未満のニオブ
その他として鉄及び不純物
を含む実質的にパーライトのねずみ鋳鉄合金。 3.2 to 3.49% by weight carbon 1.8 to 2.2% silicon less than 0.15% sulfur less than 0.15% phosphorus 0.3 to 0.8% manganese 0.2 to 0.4% chromium 0.1-0.4% molybdenum 0.03-0.3% vanadium 0.3-1.0% copper less than 0.15% niobium and other iron and impurities Virtually pearlitic gray cast iron alloy. ３．３〜３．４％の炭素
１．８〜２．２％のケイ素
０．１％未満のイオウ
０．０５％未満のリン
０．４〜０．６％のマンガン
０．２〜０．４％のクロム
０．２〜０．３％のモリブデン
０．０５〜０．１％のバナジウム
を含む請求項１に記載の合金。 3.3-3.4% carbon 1.8-2.2% silicon Less than 0.1% sulfur Less than 0.05% phosphorus 0.4-0.6% manganese 0.2-0. The alloy of claim 1 comprising 4% chromium 0.2-0.3% molybdenum 0.05-0.1% vanadium. バナジウムが総計で０．１％未満存在することを特徴とする請求項１又は請求項２に記載の合金。   3. An alloy according to claim 1 or claim 2, wherein the total amount of vanadium is less than 0.1%. チタンが総計で０．００７〜０．０１５％存在することを特徴とする請求項１乃至請求項３に記載の合金。   The alloy according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a total of 0.007 to 0.015% of titanium is present. 窒素が総計で０．００５〜０．０１５％存在することを特徴とする請求項１乃至請求項４に記載の合金。   The alloy according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a total of 0.005 to 0.015% of nitrogen is present. アルミニウムが総計で０．０１％未満存在することを特徴とする請求項１乃至請求項５に記載の合金。   The alloy according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein a total of less than 0.01% of aluminum is present. ニッケルが総計で０．１％未満存在することを特徴とする請求項１から請求項６までのいずれか一項に記載の合金。   The alloy according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that nickel is present in a total amount of less than 0.1%. スズが総計で０．１％未満存在することを特徴とする請求項１から請求項７までのいずれか一項に記載の合金。   The alloy according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that tin is present in a total amount of less than 0.1%. 実質的にパーライトのねずみ鋳鉄合金でできた、内燃機関鋳造部品であって、前記合金が
３．２〜３．４９％の炭素
１．８〜２．２％のケイ素
０．１５％未満のイオウ
０．１５％未満のリン
０．３〜０．８％のマンガン
０．２〜０．４％のクロム
０．１〜０．４％のモリブデン
０．０３〜０．３％のバナジウム
０．３〜１．０％の銅
０．００７〜０．０１３％のチタン
０．１５％未満のニオブ
０．００５〜０．０１５％の窒素
０．０１％未満のアルミニウム
その他として鉄及び不純物
を含む部品。 A cast part of an internal combustion engine substantially made of a pearlitic gray cast iron alloy, the alloy comprising 3.2 to 3.49% carbon 1.8 to 2.2% silicon less than 0.15% sulfur Less than 0.15% Phosphorus 0.3-0.8% Manganese 0.2-0.4% Chromium 0.1-0.4% Molybdenum 0.03-0.3% Vanadium 0.3 -1.0% Copper 0.007-0.013% Titanium Less than 0.15% Niobium 0.005-0.015% Nitrogen Less than 0.01% Aluminum and other parts containing iron and impurities. エンジンブロック部品又はシリンダヘッド部品であることを特徴とする請求項９に記載の部品。   The component according to claim 9, wherein the component is an engine block component or a cylinder head component.
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SE0201431D0 (en) 2002-05-13
WO2003095692A1 (en) 2003-11-20

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