JP2005352872A - Unqualified person's operation preventing apparatus in working machine - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an unqualified person's operation preventing apparatus in a working machine, which can prevent an unqualified person from operating and driving the working machine such as a construction machine, and further enables the operation and driving of the working machine only when being in a predetermined operable position. <P>SOLUTION: The unqualified person's operation preventing apparatus in the working machine comprises: a transmitter 13 for transmitting information for use in determining whether a worker M is a qualified person of operating the construction machine 1; a receiver 8 for receiving the information transmitted from the transmitter 13; a measurement device 9 for measuring an intensity value of radiowave received when the information is received by the receiver 8; and a controller 10 for controlling the construction machine 1 in an operable or inoperable state. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention can prevent the operation and operation of a work machine such as a construction machine by an unqualified person, and further enables the operation and operation of the work machine only when in a predetermined operable position. The present invention relates to a device for preventing operation of an unqualified person of a working machine capable of performing the above.

  In order to operate a construction machine, for example, a construction machine, a predetermined qualification defined in the Industrial Safety and Health Act must be obtained. Moreover, in the present situation, for example, a situation in which a malicious unqualified person operates a construction machine cannot always be prevented sufficiently even if safety management is performed, and may cause a serious accident. Therefore, preventing operation of construction machinery by unqualified persons is a very important issue in compliance with laws and safety management at construction sites.

  Therefore, in order to solve this problem, we examined the use of conventional technology related to qualification authentication. Here, as a prior art regarding the authentication of qualified persons, for example, Patent Document 1 is cited. The invention described in Patent Document 1 can accurately manage entry / exit to / from facilities even when permitted persons and non-permitted persons are mixed by combining an RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) tag and an intrusion detector. This is related to an entry / exit management system. According to Patent Document 1, since the passage permission ID is stored in the RFID tag, the person having the RFID tag having the passage permission ID is automatically permitted to enter and leave, and the person having the RFID tag without the passage permission ID. When a person who does not have an RFID tag tries to enter or leave, an intrusion detector is activated, and entry / exit can be automatically blocked by alarming, closing a gate, taking a picture with a camera, or the like.

JP 2002-334382 A

  However, by using Patent Document 1, only the authorized person can enter the facility and operate the construction machine. For example, an unqualified person permitted to enter and leave the building machine operates maliciously. There was a problem that the situation could not be prevented sufficiently.

  Furthermore, if the construction machine can be operated once by a permitter (qualified person), and then the qualified person temporarily leaves, for example, it will be possible to drive by a malicious unqualified person. There was a problem.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and can prevent the operation and operation of a work machine such as a construction machine by an unqualified person, and can only be used when the user is in a predetermined operable position. It is an object of the present invention to provide a device for preventing operation of an unqualified person for a working machine capable of operating and operating the machine.

  In order to achieve the above object, an unqualified person operation preventing apparatus for a working machine according to claim 1 according to the present invention is for determining whether or not an operator is a qualified person for operating a working machine. A transmitter for transmitting information; a receiving device for receiving information transmitted by the transmitter; a measuring device for measuring an intensity value of a received radio wave when the information is received by the receiving device; and the working machine. An unqualified person operation prevention device for a work machine configured to control to an operable state or an inoperable state, wherein the transmitter is attachable by the operator, and the control device Is based on the information received by the receiving device, based on the first determination means for determining whether or not the worker is the qualified operator, and based on the intensity value measured by the measuring device, the worker Is in a position where the work machine can be operated Second determination means for determining whether or not the determination result of the first determination means is the qualified person and the determination result of the second determination means is the operable position. An operation of switching the machine to the operable state, and switching the working machine to the inoperable state when the combination of the determination result of the first determination unit and the determination result of the second determination unit is other than that And a state switching means.

  This apparatus having such a feature includes a transmitter for transmitting information for determining whether or not an operator is an operation qualified person for a working machine, and a receiving apparatus for receiving information transmitted by the transmitter. , A measuring device that measures the intensity value of the received radio wave when information is received by the receiving device, and a control device that controls the working machine to an operable state or an inoperable state. The control device determines whether or not the operator is qualified for operation based on the information received by the receiving device, and based on the intensity value measured by the measuring device, It is determined whether or not the work machine is in an operable position. If the determination result of the first determination means is an operation qualified person and the determination result of the second determination means is an operable position, the work is performed. Switch the machine to the operable state and If If the determination result combination with other than that of the second determining means is switched to a working machine inoperable state, it is possible to prevent the operation of the working machine according to the unqualified.

  Further, according to the present apparatus, even when a work machine is once operable by a qualified person and the qualified person temporarily leaves, the operation of the work machine by, for example, a malicious unqualified person is performed. Can be prevented.

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided the work machine unqualified person operation preventing apparatus according to the first aspect, wherein the transmitter is an RFID tag. It is characterized by being.

  In the present apparatus having such features, the transmitter is an RFID tag (for example, an RFID tag with a built-in battery called an active type). For example, an object given to each worker that must be worn during work. The transmitter can be embedded in (for example, work clothes or work helmet). Thereby, the trouble of insertion into a reader can be saved, and the loss of the transmitter can be reduced. Further, since the RFID tag is generally inexpensive, the introduction cost can be kept low.

  According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided the apparatus for preventing operation of an unqualified person according to claim 3 according to the present invention. The determination is repeated at predetermined time intervals.

  In the present apparatus having such characteristics, the first determination means repeatedly performs the determination at predetermined time intervals, so that the operation of the work machine by an unqualified person can be reliably prevented.

  An unqualified person operation prevention device for a work machine according to claim 4 according to the present invention is the unqualified person operation prevention device for a work machine according to any one of claims 1 to 3, The second determination means repeatedly performs the determination at a predetermined time interval.

  In this apparatus having such characteristics, the second determination means repeatedly performs the determination at predetermined time intervals, so that the work machine is once operable by a qualified person, and then the qualified person temporarily leaves. Even in this case, for example, the operation of the working machine by a malicious unqualified person can be surely prevented.

  An unqualified person operation preventing apparatus for a working machine according to claim 5 according to the present invention is the unqualified person operation preventing apparatus for a working machine according to any one of claims 1 to 4, The second determination means is characterized in that a plurality of intensity values can be provided.

  In the present apparatus having such characteristics, the second determination unit specifically determines, for example, two different intensity values, and determines that one operator is at the operation position of the work machine. And another intensity value can be used as a threshold value for determining that the worker is within a predetermined range (for example, when the working machine is a construction machine, for example, a turning operation range of the construction machine). . Thereby, the worker who exists in the circumference of a working machine can be recognized.

  According to the present invention, a transmitter that transmits information for determining whether or not an operator is an operation qualified person for a work machine, a receiver that receives information transmitted by the transmitter, and a receiver Consists of a measuring device that measures the intensity value of the received radio wave when information is received, and a control device that controls the work machine to an operable state or an inoperable state, and the transmitter can be worn by the operator The control device determines whether or not the worker is qualified for operation based on the information received by the receiving device, and the worker selects the work machine based on the intensity value measured by the measuring device. It is determined whether or not it is in an operable position, and the work machine is operated when the determination result of the first determination means is a qualified person and the determination result of the second determination means is an operable position. Switch to possible state, the determination result of the first determination means and the second determination means If the combination of the result of the determination is otherwise, because switching the working machine inoperable state, it is possible to prevent the operation of the working machine according to the unqualified.

  Further, according to the present invention, even when the work machine is once operable by a qualified person and then the qualified person temporarily leaves, for example, the operation of the work machine by a malicious unqualified person Can be prevented.

  In addition, according to the present invention, the transmitter is an RFID tag (for example, a battery-incorporated RFID tag called an active type). Transmitters can be embedded in work clothes, work helmets, etc.). Thereby, the trouble of insertion into a reader can be saved, and the loss of the transmitter can be reduced. Further, since the RFID tag is generally inexpensive, the introduction cost can be kept low.

  Further, according to the present invention, the first determination means repeatedly performs the determination at a predetermined time interval, so that the operation of the work machine by an unqualified person can be surely prevented.

  Further, according to the present invention, since the second determination means repeatedly performs the determination at a predetermined time interval, the work machine is once operable by a qualified person, and then the qualified person temporarily leaves However, for example, the operation of the work machine by a malicious unqualified person can be surely prevented.

  According to the present invention, the second determination means can set a plurality of intensity values. Specifically, for example, two different intensity values are determined, and one intensity value is set as a threshold for determining that the worker is at the operation position of the work machine, and the other intensity value is determined by the operator as a predetermined value. It can be set as a threshold value for determining that it is within a range (for example, when the working machine is a construction machine, the turning operation range of the construction machine). Thereby, the worker who exists in the circumference of a working machine can be recognized.

  DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Embodiments of an unqualified person operation preventing apparatus for a working machine according to the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings. Note that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments. In this embodiment, a case where the working machine is a construction machine will be described as an example.

  First, an overall configuration of a construction machine equipped with an unqualified person operation preventing device for a working machine according to the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.

  FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating an example of the overall configuration of a construction machine 1 on which an unqualified person operation prevention device for a working machine according to the present embodiment is mounted. The construction machine 1 in this embodiment is an example of a drag excavator (backhoe excavator), a caterpillar 2, a machine main body 3 supported on the caterpillar 2, a counterweight 4 installed on the machine main body 3, The swing arm 5 is rotatably mounted on the counterweight 4, the shovel 6 is connected to the tip of the swing arm 5, and the driver's seat 7 is installed on the machine body 3.

  Further, the driver's seat 7 is provided with a receiving device 8, a casing 11, and a qualification authentication button 15 (see FIG. 3), which are components of the unqualified person operation prevention device for the working machine of the present invention. The housing 11 houses the measuring device 9 and the control device 10 which are components of the unqualified person operation preventing device of the working machine of the present invention.

  In addition, as shown in FIG. 2, the helmet 12 worn by the worker M is information for determining whether or not the worker M is an operation qualified person of the construction machine 1 (hereinafter referred to as operation qualification determination information). ) Is disposed at the top.

  The transmitter 13 transmits operation qualification determination information (for example, unique information or identification information of a construction machine that can be operated by the worker M). The transmitter 13 can use an RFID tag that transmits information by selecting an RFID of several hundred kilohertz to several gigahertz. In this embodiment, the transmitter 13 is an RFID tag with a built-in battery called an active type having a long communicable distance.

  Here, RFID is a technology for managing an object by identifying the object based on information written on a small wireless chip attached to the object, and is mainly used in logistics management. . In addition, RFID is expected to have a large worldwide demand as an information management technology replacing barcode. Familiar RFID tags include, for example, product tags attached to clothes, ETC (Electronic Toll Collection System) of Japan Highway Public Corporation (JH), and RFID tags are very practical as non-contact information transmission means. is there. In addition, with the recent development of information communication technology, RFID devices (RFID tags, readers, etc.) have become smaller, communication information has a larger capacity, longer service life and lower prices, and the range of use of RFID devices has expanded. ing.

  Returning to FIG. 1, the receiving device 8 always receives information transmitted by the transmitter 13. The receiving device 8 is installed in a place where there is no shielding object between the transmitter 13 (for example, in the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, the upper part of the driver's seat 7), and the direction of the receiving antenna is adjusted. A desired recognition range was set.

  The measuring device 9 is connected to the receiving device 8 and measures the intensity value of the received radio wave when information is received by the receiving device 8.

  The control device 10 is connected to a safety device (limit switch) 14 (see FIG. 3) provided in the construction machine 1, and the construction machine 1 is brought into an operable state or an inoperable state via the safety device 14. Control.

  Here, the structure of the control apparatus 10 in a present Example is demonstrated with reference to FIG. FIG. 3 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of the control device 10 according to the present embodiment. The control device 10 according to the present embodiment includes the control unit 10a such as a CPU that comprehensively controls the entire control device 10, the storage unit 10b that stores various databases, tables, files, and the like, and the control device 10 described above. Input / output interface unit 10c connected to each device (reception device 8, measurement device 9, safety device 14, and qualification authentication button 15 for instructing control device 10 to start qualification authentication). These parts are connected via a bus. Further, the control device 10 can be communicably connected to a network via a communication device such as a router and a wired or wireless communication line such as a dedicated line.

  As shown in the figure, the control unit 10a roughly includes a first determination unit 10a1, a second determination unit 10a2, and an operation state switching unit 10a3. The control unit 10a has a control program such as an OS (Operating System), a program defining various processing procedures, and an internal memory for storing necessary data, and performs various processes based on these programs. Performs information processing for execution. The first determination unit 10 a 1 determines whether the worker M is a qualified person for operation of the construction machine 1 based on the information received by the receiving device 8. Further, the second determination unit 10a2 determines whether the worker M is at a position where the construction machine 1 can be operated based on the intensity value measured by the measuring device 9. Further, the operation state switching unit 10a3 is in a state in which the construction machine 1 can be operated when the determination result of the first determination unit 10a1 is a qualified person and the determination result of the second determination unit 10a2 is an operable position. When the combination of the determination result of the first determination unit 10a1 and the determination result of the second determination unit 10a2 is other than that, the construction machine 1 is switched to an inoperable state. The storage unit 10b is a storage unit, and for example, a memory device such as a RAM or a ROM, a fixed disk device such as a hard disk, a flexible disk, an optical disk, or the like can be used. The input / output interface unit 10 c connects the receiving device 8, the measuring device 9, the safety device 14, the qualification authentication button 15, and the control device 10 as illustrated.

  In the above configuration, processing performed by the control device 10 in the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 4 is a flowchart illustrating an example of processing of the control device 10 in the present embodiment. In the following description of the processing, it is assumed that the construction machine 1 is initially in an inoperable state.

  When the worker M wearing the helmet 12 gets on the construction machine 1 and starts the engine, electricity is supplied to the receiving device 8, the measuring device 9, and the control device 10, and the receiving device 8 becomes ready to receive and the measuring device 9 Measurement is ready. Next, when the worker M presses the qualification authentication button 15, the control device 10 executes the following processing.

  First, in the control unit 10a, the operation qualification determination information received by the reception device 8 from the transmitter 13 and the intensity value measured by the measurement device 9 (the operation qualification determination information is received by the reception device 8) via the input / output interface unit 10c. (Intensity value of the received radio wave) is acquired (step S-1).

  Next, the first determination unit 10a1 determines whether or not the worker M is an operation qualified person of the construction machine 1 based on the operation qualified determination information acquired in Step S-1 (Step S-2). Specifically, when the operation qualification determination information acquired in step S-1 is, for example, an identification number (construction machine number) of a construction machine that can be operated by an operator, the construction machine number is stored in a predetermined storage in the storage unit 10b. If it matches the identification number of the construction machine 1 stored in advance in the area, it is determined that the worker M is a qualified person for operation of the construction machine 1. Note that the first determination unit 10a1 has a timer and can repeatedly perform the determination at a predetermined time interval (for example, every one minute). Thereby, operation of the construction machine 1 by an unqualified person can be prevented reliably. In addition, when the determination cannot be made due to an information acquisition error in the control unit 10a, it may be determined that the worker M is not an operation qualified person of the construction machine 1.

  Then, when it is determined in step S-2 that the person is an operation qualified person (step S-3: Yes), the worker M is determined based on the intensity value acquired in step S-1 by the second determination unit 10a2. It is determined whether or not the construction machine 1 is in an operable position (step S-4). Specifically, if the intensity value acquired in step S-1 is equal to or greater than the intensity value for determining that the intensity value is stored in advance in the predetermined storage area of the storage unit 10b and is operable. It is determined that M is in an operable position. Note that the second determination unit 10a2 includes a timer and can repeatedly perform the determination at a predetermined time interval (for example, every one minute). Thereby, even when the construction machine 1 is once operable by a qualified person and then the qualified person temporarily leaves, for example, the operation of the construction machine 1 by an unqualified person with malicious intent is reliably prevented. be able to. Moreover, when it cannot be determined due to an information acquisition error in the control unit 10a, it may be determined that the worker M is not in an operable position.

  Next, when it is determined in step S-4 that it is in an operable position (step S-5: Yes), the operation state switching unit 10a3 causes the safety device 14 of the construction machine 1 via the input / output control interface unit 10c. To control the construction machine 1 to an operable state (step S-6). In addition, you may sound the notification sound for notifying that it switched to the operation possible state in the control part 10a.

  In addition, when the determination result in step S-2 is not an operation qualified person (step S-3: No) and when the determination result in step S-5 is not an operable position (step S-6: No), the operation state is switched. The unit 10a3 controls the safety device 14 of the construction machine 1 via the input / output control interface unit 10c to switch the construction machine 1 to an inoperable state (step S-7). In addition, you may sound the notification sound for notifying that it switched to the operation impossible state in the control part 10a.

  As described above, according to the present embodiment, the transmitter 13 is worn by the worker M, and the control device 10 operates based on the operation qualification determination information received by the reception device 8 according to the first determination unit 10a1. It is determined whether or not the person is qualified, and the second determination unit 10a2 determines whether or not the user is in an operable position based on the intensity value measured by the measuring device 9, and the operation state switching unit 10a3 When the determination result of the first determination unit 10a1 is a qualified person and the determination result of the second determination unit 10a2 is an operable position, the construction machine 1 is switched to an operable state, and the determination result of the first determination unit 10a1 Since the construction machine 1 is switched to an inoperable state when the combination of the judgment result of the second judgment unit 10a2 is other than that, the operation of the construction machine 1 by an unqualified person can be prevented, and further The operable position of Only it is possible to enable the operation of the construction machine 1 when you are in

  Further, in the present embodiment, the first determination unit 10a1 can repeatedly perform the determination at predetermined time intervals, so that the operation of the construction machine 1 by an unqualified person can be reliably prevented. Further, since the second determination unit 10a2 can repeatedly perform the determination at a predetermined time interval, even if the construction machine 1 is once operable by the qualified person and then the qualified person temporarily leaves, for example, malicious The operation of the construction machine 1 by an unqualified person can be reliably prevented. Moreover, when both the 1st determination part 10a1 and the 2nd determination part 10a2 repeat determination, only the qualified person who exists in the position which can be operated can operate the construction machine 1 reliably.

  Further, according to the present embodiment, a plurality of intensity values can be set and stored in a predetermined storage area of the storage unit 10b. Specifically, for example, when two different intensity values are defined, as shown in FIG. 5, a threshold value for determining that one intensity value (first intensity value) is at a position where the operator M can operate. Then, another intensity value (second intensity value) can be set as a threshold value for determining that the worker M is in a predetermined range (for example, the turning operation range of the construction machine 1). And in this case, the 2nd determination part 10a2 determines with being in the position which can be operated, when the intensity value acquired by step S-1 is more than a 1st intensity value, and more than a 2nd intensity value and a 1st intensity value If it is less than that, it is determined to be within a predetermined range. Thereby, not only the worker who is in the operable position, but also the worker wearing the transmitter 13 (for example, the RFID tag) other than the operable operator can be recognized if it is in the vicinity of the construction machine 1. In this case, the second determination unit 10a2 is provided with a means for determining each of a plurality of individual radio waves at the same time, and there are two determinations of the first intensity value or more and the second intensity value or more and less than the first intensity value. Then, if the control instruction to make the operation impossible state is issued to the operation state switching unit 10a3, the safety of other workers who are operating the construction machine can be ensured. Specifically, for example, when the intensity values of two received radio waves are acquired by the control unit 10a, the acquired intensity values by the second determination unit 10a2 are (1) the first intensity value or more, and (2) the second value, respectively. It is individually determined whether it is greater than the intensity value and less than the first intensity value, and (3) less than the second intensity value, and the combination of the determination results is (1) greater than or equal to the first intensity value and (2) second intensity value When the combination is less than the first strength value as described above, the construction machine 1 can be switched to the inoperable state by the operation state switching unit 10a3. In addition, if a timer is provided in the operation state switching unit 10a3, the second intensity value is switched to an inoperable state after a predetermined time if the operable operator is greater than or equal to the second intensity value and less than the first intensity value. If it is less than this, it can be switched to a state where it cannot be operated immediately, which contributes not only to ensuring safety but also to work efficiency.

  In addition, according to the present embodiment, since an RFID tag can be used for the transmitter 13, for example, a thing given to each worker that is always worn during work (for example, work clothes or a work helmet). The transmitter 13 can be embedded. Thereby, the trouble of insertion into a reader can be saved, and the loss of the transmitter 13 can be further reduced. Therefore, the RFID tag can be suitably used at an outdoor construction site. Further, since the RFID tag is generally inexpensive, the introduction cost can be kept low. In addition, in this embodiment, since an active type RFID tag called an active type characterized by having a long communication distance is used, the intensity value of the radio wave when information is transmitted can be used as distance information. By using this, for example, the range where the worker is present can be recognized. In addition, the RFID tag can be used for multipurpose purposes (for example, human entry / exit management, traffic management, location management, site construction management, etc.) and has high practicality.

  Further, in the present embodiment, the control unit 10a associates the operation qualification determination information and the intensity value acquired in step S-1 with the determination results in the respective processing units (first determination unit 10a1 and second determination unit 10a2). You may store in the predetermined | prescribed storage area of the memory | storage part 10b. Thereby, the history of the person who pressed the qualification authentication button 15 can be left. Further, in this embodiment, the receiving device 8, the measuring device 9 and the control device 10 are mounted on each construction machine, and the transmitter 13 is always provided to each worker. Therefore, the unqualified operation of the working machine according to the present invention is performed. The prevention device is advantageous for operation at a construction site or civil engineering site where the ratio of workers to one construction machine is high. Then, the predetermined time intervals of the first determination unit 10a1 and the second determination unit 10a2, the plurality of threshold values of the radio wave intensity of the second determination unit 10a2, or the predetermined time of the operation state switching unit 10a3 can be appropriately changed and set. It is good to. If it does in this way, it can adapt to various working conditions with one control device, and it becomes possible to attach to various working machines, such as a construction machine, and contributes to cost reduction.

  As described above, the unqualified person operation prevention device for a work machine according to the present invention uses a work machine such as a construction machine (for example, a drag shovel) that requires a specific qualification for operation and operation. It can be suitably implemented in the construction and civil engineering industries and is extremely useful.

It is a figure which shows an example of the whole structure of the construction machine 1 carrying the unqualified person operation prevention apparatus of the working machine in a present Example. It is a figure which shows an example of the helmet 12 which has arrange | positioned the transmitter 13 in a present Example. It is a block diagram which shows the structure of the control apparatus 10 in a present Example. It is a flowchart which shows an example of a process of the control apparatus 10 in a present Example. It is a figure which shows typically the condition which set multiple intensity values.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Construction machine 8 Receiving apparatus 9 Measuring apparatus 10 Control apparatus 10a Control part
10a1 first determination unit
10a2 Second determination unit
10a3 Operation state switching unit 10b Storage unit 10c Input / output interface unit 13 Transmitter M Worker

Claims (5)

A transmitter for transmitting information for determining whether or not the worker is a qualified person for operation of the working machine, a receiving device for receiving information transmitted by the transmitter, and receiving the information by the receiving device An unqualified person operation prevention device for a work machine, comprising: a measurement device that measures the intensity value of a received radio wave when the work machine is operated; and a control device that controls the work machine in an operable state or an inoperable state. There,
The transmitter can be worn by the operator,
The controller is
Based on information received by the receiving device, first determination means for determining whether or not the operator is the qualified person;
Second determination means for determining whether or not the worker is in a position where the work machine can be operated based on an intensity value measured by the measuring device;
When the determination result of the first determination means is the qualified person and the determination result of the second determination means is the operable position, the working machine is switched to the operable state, and the first If the combination of the determination result of one determination means and the determination result of the second determination means is other than that, an operation state switching means for switching the work machine to the inoperable state;
An unqualified person operation prevention device for a working machine, characterized by comprising: The transmitter is an RFID tag;
The apparatus for preventing unqualified person operation of the working machine according to claim 1. The first determination means repeatedly performs the determination at a predetermined time interval;
The apparatus for preventing unqualified person operation of the working machine according to claim 1 or 2. The second determination means repeatedly performs the determination at a predetermined time interval;
The unqualified person operation prevention apparatus for a working machine according to any one of claims 1 to 3. The second determination means can provide a plurality of intensity values,
The apparatus for preventing unqualified person operation of the working machine according to any one of claims 1 to 4.

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